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WOS: 000329220100007, PubMed ID: 23692311, Coronary artery disease (CAD), which is now regarded as a chronic inflammatory disease, is the leading cause of death worldwide. Nuclear factor (NF)-B is a transcription factor that plays an important role in the regulation of the immune system. NF-BIA is the inhibitory version of NF-B. This study is the first investigation of the association between CAD and NF-BIA-297 C/T, -826 C/T, -881 A/G polymorphisms in a Turkish population using PCR-RFLP method. The study population comprised 201 cases with CAD and 201 healthy controls. There was no significant difference in NF-B1A-297 C/T and -881 A/G in allele and genotype frequencies between case and control populations. The genotype frequency of NF-BIA-826TT in the patients with CAD was significantly higher than that of the controls (p=0.015, adjusted OR=7.09, 95% CI=1.95-25.70). The patients with CAD also had significantly higher carriage rate of NF-BIA-826T allele than the controls (p=0.03, OR=1.43, 95% CI=1.03-1.99). Linkage analysis indicated a close linkage among these three variants of NF-BIA (for case, (2)=85.35 and p, Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP), Sivas, Turkey [F-328, F-340], This study was supported by the Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP, Project No: F-328 and F-340), Sivas, Turkey.

WOS: 000299127400009, PubMed ID: 22066734, Background: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an acute viral hemorrhagic fever caused by the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). Nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B regulates the expression of hundreds of genes, including inflammatory and immunoregulatory, cell cycle regulating, and anti-apoptotic genes. NF-kappa BIA (I kappa B alpha) encodes an inhibitory version of the NF-kappa B proteins. Methods: This study is the first to investigate the association between NF-kappa B1-94W/D and NF-kappa BIA 3 -> UTR A -> G polymorphisms and CCHF using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results: There was a significant difference in NF-kappa B1 - 94W/D genotype distribution between CCHF patients and control populations (p = 0.001). Comparison of the WW genotype with both WD and DD genotypes revealed that the difference between CCHF patients and controls was statistically significant (p = 0.043 for WD genotype, p = 0.018 for DD genotype). However, a significant deviation was found between patients with fatal CCHF and control populations (p = 0.025). The results show that patients with fatal CCHF with the DD genotype have a 4.06-times higher risk for CCHF compared to patients in the control group (odds ratio (OR) 4.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11-14.87). A significant difference in NF-kappa BIA 3 -> UTR A -> G polymorphisms was observed between CCHF patients and controls in both AA vs AG and AA vs GG (OR 2.04, p = 0.019; OR 2.01, p = 0.049, respectively). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that NF-kappa B1 - 94W/D and NF-kappa BIA 3 -> UTR A -> G polymorphisms may be valuable predictors of the clinical course in CCHF disease.

Current harmonics of the permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) varies with the shaft structures. These harmonics produce additional loses at both windings and the core of a PMSM and increase the temperature inside the machine. Such a temperature increase affects the machine parameters and the efficiency. Therefore, in order to obtain the optimum operating conditions of a PMSM, current harmonics should be analyzed. In the present study, two types of rotors for a PMSM have been simulated and evaluated with a current controlled voltage source inverter (VSI) by the help of a 3D finite element method. As a result of these simulations, motor current harmonics are examined by using the Hamming method at different modulation frequencies and the outputs of efficiencies, torques, powers and the induced voltages on windings are compared for these shaft structures. It has been proven that the current ripples and harmonics may be decreased to some extend by using a symmetrical structure among the proposed structures.

An inertial electrostatic confinement fusion device modeling has been carried out. Finite element method is used in a 3D media in order to identify the potential and electrical fields inside the device. The effects of different materials on the electrostatic features are found. In addition, different geometric arrangements for cathode sphere (i.e. inner grid) are considered for the determination of spatial potential and electrical field. The effects of dielectric materials such as porcelain and polystyrene as the cathode holder have also been explored. It is found that porcelain giving a minimal potential value at the center of inner grid in order to confine ions. Increase in number of vertical rings on the inner grid diminishes the bottom corner of electrical potential, thereby ions are scattered to the entire region of the inner grid, thereby, an optimal shape for the inner grid can be adjusted for a better ion core at the middle of the grid for the confinement.

An innovative axial-field permanent magnet generator (AFPMG) with multiple stators and double rotors is designed and the structural and electromagnetic features are investigated. This generator has two permanent magnet (PM) rotors at the left — and right-hand sides of a double-sided stator. In order to get benefit from the magnetic flux produced at the outer parts of the generator, two other stators are also positioned near the PM rotors. AFPMG is mainly considered for wind energy applications and it has three phases. The electromagnetic features are characterized by finite element method (FEM) and the transient solutions are analyzed based on a proposed equivalent magnetic circuit model using three phases of induced emf at the coils having two different geometries. New AFPMG generates 80V at each phase for a constant velocity of 125 rpm and it has an efficient dynamics with low cogging torque values.

A Case Study of a New Spot Welding Electrode Which has the Best Current Density by Magnetic Analysis Solutions At the present time work of spot welding is being broadly used at automotive applications which need serial production process and at part unification. In order to create a high quality spot welding time of welding, electric current intensity, junction, stress, and diameter of electrodes point must be considered earlier, Geometry of electrode point and current density are important for increasing quality at spot welding. In this study, Enose, Bnose and parabolic (ParaCap) type electrode geometries have been considered during design processes. Meanwhile, CMW 73, CMW 100, CMW 353, Elkaloy D, Elkaloy 20, Copper alloyed electrode types have been analyzed by using a magnetic analyzes software. The results helped to determine the best suitable electrode type which gives the best current density amongst different alloys and electrode shapes for the spot welding machines which have same diameter of electrode point.

WOS: 000298197800001, Oylum Hoyuk falls within the borders of the province of Kills, located in the southern part of Turkey. It is an important Bronze Age settlement dating back to 5500 BC. In this study, the sex of 36 individuals found in Oylum Hoyuk was examined using morphological and genetic methods. In the morphological method, sex was identified in 14 female and 13 male individuals. The remaining 8 individuals could not be identified due to the poor preservation of their skeletal remains. Genetic sex was determined with the amplification of sex-specific X, Y centromeric alphoid repeats and ZFX-ZYF gene regions of DNA, mostly extracted from teeth. Based on ZFX-ZYF gene regions, sex was successfully determined using the PCR-RFLP method. The amplification results of ZFX-ZYF gene regions were also tested by applying the PCR-RFLP method. The amplification of X, Y centromeric alphoid repeats was successful in 29 individuals, while sex determination based on ZFX-ZFY fragments was carried out in 22 individuals. The vast majority of the results determined by analysis of ancient DNA were consistent with the morphological method. However, these 2 methods produced slightly different results for 5 individuals. Finally, the results indicated that ancient DNA analysis is a reliable method for sex determination, especially in poorly preserved and fragmented skeletal remains., Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP), Sivas, Turkey [F-251], We would like to thank Professor Engin Ozgen, the head of the Oylum Hoyuk excavation, and Associate Professor Atilla Engin for the permit to study these skeletons. We would also like to thank Sibel Kizildag and Hasret Ozturk for their great contributions to our laboratory studies. This study has been supported by the Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP, Project No: F-251), Sivas, Turkey.

WOS: 000286301100015, PubMed ID: 21461569, Myeloperoxidase (M PO) is a phase I enzyme that can bioactivate many specific procarcinogens, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic amines. The MPO gene contains a common single nucleotide polymorphism, for which the -463G>A substitution within the promoter region has been shown to reduce MPO expression and activity. We investigated the association between the MPO -463G>A polymorphism and lung and prostate cancer in a Turkish population. MPO genotypes in the study populations were determined using polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. The allelic frequency was significantly different between the cases and controls for lung cancer (p=0.02), but not prostate cancer (p=0.30). No significant difference was noted between the lung and prostate cancer cases and control populations in terms of genotype distribution (p=0.07, p=0.53, respectively). Control groups of lung and prostate cancer were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p=0.87 and p=0.41, respectively). To determine the protective effect against lung cancer among individuals with the -463A allele, C/A and A/A genotypes were combined. Comparison of the GIG and C/A + A/A genotypes between the lung cancer cases and control groups showed a statistically significant relationship (p=0.032, OR=0.60, 95% CI 0.38-0.95). No gender-specific difference was found in terms of genotype distribution between the lung cancer patients and the controls (female, p=0.20; male, p=0.34). In the case of smokers, a difference in genotype distribution between the lung cancer patients and the controls was statistically significant (p=0.02), although this difference was not statistically significant for non-smokers (p=0.90). Overall, no statistically significant difference was found between the prostate cancer cases and the controls in terms of genotype combination (p=0.46, OR=0.83, 95% CI 0.51-1.36). Additionally, in smokers and non-smokers, no significant relationship was determined between the prostate cancer patients and the control population (p=0.21, p=0.91, respectively). These results suggest that the MPO -463A allele significantly contributes to a protective effect overall and in smokers against lung cancer.

WOS: 000284434800021, PubMed ID: 20674764, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an acute viral hemorrhagic fever The clinical course and outcome of the CCHF infection are different in humans Toll like receptors (TLRs) are a family of pathogen recognition receptors TLR8 and TLR9 contribute to the recognition of viruses We investigated frequency of TLR8 Met1 Val TLR8 -129C/G TLR9 -1486T/C and TLR9 2458G/A polymorphisms in CCHF patients and healthy controls Our study was conducted between June 1 and August 31 2007 in Cumhuriyet University Hospital, Turkey TLR genotypes were detected using the PCR-RFLP assay in 85 CCHF patients and 171 healthy controls We found that heterozygous plus homozygous mutant genotypes frequency for TLR8 Met1 Val and for TLR9 -1486T/C were significantly higher in CCHF patients than controls (p = 0 038 and p = 0 009, respectively) The frequency of TLR8 -129G/G genotype in the fatal CCHF patients was significantly higher than that of the non-fatal patients (p = 0 026) The frequency of TLR9 -1486C/C genotype was significantly higher in fatal CCHF patients than in healthy controls (p = 0 009) and in patients with severe disease compared to non severe disease (p = 0 044) Our findings suggest that TLR8 Met1 Val TLR8 -129C/G and TLR9 -1486T/C polymorphisms are important on clinical course of CCHF disease (C) 2010 Institut Pasteur Published by Elsevier Masson SAS All rights reserved, Research Council of Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey [T-415], We thank Refik Saydam Hygiene Center of Ankara, Turkey for testing the serum samples and our colleagues from the Turkish Ministry of Health for their contributions We also thank Melih Akyol and Ali Cetin for suggestions in reviewing the manuscript This work was supported financially by the Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP Project No T-415), Sivas, Turkey

WOS: 000284331300010, PubMed ID: 20936502, Sulfotransferases (SULTs) play a significant role in the biotransformation of a variety of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. SULTs are genetically polymorphic enzymes; to date, 12 human cytosolic SULT isoforms have been identified. This study investigated SULT1A1 and SULT1A2 gene polymorphism using a PCR-RFLP method (n = 303). The frequency of the SULT1A1*1 allele was 76.2% and SULT1A1*2 was 23.8%. The SULT1A1*3 allele could not be identified. The SULT1A2 frequencies were 69.2% (SULT1A2*1), 18.3% (SULT1A2*2), and 12.5% (SULT1A2*3). The SULT1A1 and SULT1A2 loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (SULT1A1 chi(2) = 0.58, P = 0.44; SULT1A2 chi(2) = 7.28, P = 0.06). Linkage analysis indicated a close linkage between these two genes (chi(2) = 5.31, P < 0.01); therefore, the statistical hypothesis that SULT1A1 and SULT1A2 alleles are independently distributed was rejected. Additionally, a strongly positive linkage was detected between SULT1A1*2 and SULT1A2*2 alleles in this population (D' = 0.79, chi(2) = 33.33)., Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP), Sivas, Turkey [F-217], This study has been supported by the Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP, Project No: F-217), Sivas, Turkey.

WOS: 000267149900006, PubMed ID: 19350537, Human sulfotransferase 1A1 (SULT1A1), the most expressed isoform of the phenol SULT1 subfamily, is an important member of sulfotransferase superfamily. A transition, G to A at position 638, in SULT1A1 gene, results in Arg(213)His change. This single nucleotide polymorphism reduces the activity and thermostability of SULT1A1 enzyme. Thus, in the present study the relationship between SULT1A1 Arg(213)His polymorphism and lung cancer was investigated. One hundred and six case and 271 control samples were studied using PCR-RFLP. There was no significant difference in genotype and allele distribution between lung cancer and control populations (p=0.07; p=0.06, respectively). Compared with the SULT1A1*1/SULT1A1*1 genotype the variant SULT1A1 genotype (SULT1A1*1/SULT1A1*2 or SULT1A1*2/SULT1A1*2) was associated with a significantly increased lung cancer risk in cases (p=0.027). In male populations, there was no significant difference between case and controls (p=0.313). In female populations, however, this difference was found to be significant (p=0.04). In smoker and non-smoker populations, no significant relationship was evident between lung cancer and control population (p=0.170, p=0.065, respectively). Statistical analyses of histological types of lung cancer in comparison with the control individuals indicated a significant difference between SULT1A1 Arg(213)His polymorphism and SCC (p=0.027) and other types of cancer, (p = 0.037), except SMCC (p = 0.854). Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Solis. Ltd.

WOS: 000250722100014, PubMed ID: 17605044, Purpose Sulfotransferase 1A1 is a member of sulfotransferase family that plays an important role in the biotransformation of numerous carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds through sulfation. The present study has investigated the association between SULT1A1 polymorphism and primary brain tumor incidence. Methods SULT1A1 genotypes were successfully detected using the PCR-RFLP assay in 60 primary brain tumor patients and 156 hospital-based healthy control individuals with no history of cancer or precancerous disorder. Results There was a significant difference in genotypes distribution (GG vs. GA + AA) between brain tumor patients (GG genotype frequency = 48.3%) and control population (GG genotype frequency = 65.4%; OR = 2.019, 95% CI = 1.103-3.695; P = 0.022). In order to determine the association between SULT1A1 polymorphism and specific types of brain tumors, the patients were classified according to the type of brain tumors they suffer from: glial and non-glial. Results of the statistical analyses of each group of patients in comparison with the control individuals showed a significant difference only between SULT1A1 polymorphism and non-glial brain tumors (OR = 2.615; 95% CI = 1.192 5.739; P = 0.014) but glial tumors (OR = 1.535; 95% CI = 0.688-3.425; P = 0.293). When non-glial tumors were classifed as meningiomal and others (pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngioma, acoustic neuroma and hemangioblastoma), statistical analysis showed that this significance is only due to the meningiomal tumors (OR = 3.238; CI = 1.205-8.704; P = 0.015). We also estimated a reduced risk of brain tumor in non-smokers (OR = 1.700; CI = 0.800-3.615) in comparison to smokers (OR = 2.773; CI = 0.993-7.749), but this was not statistically significant. Conclusion Our findings have suggested that there was a significant association between brain tumor and SULT1A1*2 2 allele (A allele that is also known as His allele) and this allele is an important risk factor in the development of meningiomal brain tumors.

WOS: 000222989100005, NAT1 is an intronless gene on chromosome 8p21.3 encoding a 290-amino-acid-long protein showing acetyltransferase activity. Some 26 alleles of NAT1 gene have been identified in human populations. In the present study we determined the distributions of NAT1 genotypes and alleles in a sample of 201 individuals from the Turkish population in Central Anatolia. The most frequent genotypes were NAT1*4/NAT1*4 (51.74%), NAT1*10/NAT1*4 (22-39%), NAT1*11/NAT1*4(7.46), NAT1*10/NAT1*10(3.98%). Frequencies of NAT1*3, *4(wild-type), *10 and *11 alleles were 3.73%, 69.6%,17.66% and 7.2%, respectively. The frequency of NAT1 *11 was the highest amongst the populations studied so far, the other allele frequencies being close to those described in Caucasian populations.

In this study, since it can be analyzed in term of practically and easily in application, a 15 kV ignition coil was designed, and analyzed in electromagnetic way. In order to benefit from this design in automotive industry, it has been determined an ignition coil construction here. Magneto static designing of the ignition coil have been done as 3 dimensional analytical way with help of finite elements methods (Ansoft Maxwell V12 program). By this way, electrical and magnetic parameters and quantities have been calculated; the static magnetic data obtained have been commented. In this design, the effects of using different electromagnetic materials such as nanocrystalline, amorphous and enni55 as core of the ignition coil have been explored. By using Ansoft-Simplorer program, different types of ignition coil cores could have been obtained. It has been inferred that more accurate dynamic analyzing conclusions for the ignition coil would result in the calculation.

WOS: 000299644700009, In this study, in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial and DNA damage protection potentials of the aqueous extract of Inula oculus-christi was firstly evaluated in addition to its total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Antioxidant activity was determined by five complementary test systems named as beta-carotene linoleic acid, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH) free radical scavenging, reducing power, chelating effect and phosphomolibdenum methods. The extract exhibited remarkable activity potential in DPPH free radical scavenging system. Antimicrobial activity was determined by agar-well diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration tests. In this case, Shigella dysanteriae, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella boydii and Bacillus subtilis was found as the sensitive microorganisms. According to the electrophoretic pattern of pBR322 plasmid DNA after treatment with UV and H2O2, supercoiled DNA was successfully protected in the presence of 14.28 mg/ml or above the concentrations of the aqueous extract.