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Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which accounts for 2-3% of all adult malignancies, is one of the most lethal urologic cancers. They are sporadic in the majority of cases with 4-6% being familial. They are adenocarcinomas arising from renal tubular epithelial cells. They can present with symptoms of loin pain, palpable mass and haematuria. Another rare presentation is spontaneous perirenal haemorrhage which can be seen in up to 50% of these patients. These patients are also predisposed to increased risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) due to prevailing pro-thrombogenic state. Management requires radical nephrectomy for localised disease, targeted therapy and cytoreductive nephrectomy for metastatic RCC. Our patient is adult female who was referred to surgical OPD given her history of gross haematuria and right flank pain for 6 days. She is a known case of DVT on treatment with Warfarin for 4 years. A diagnosis of renal malignancy was made, contrast CT was suggestive of solid mass lesion of the upper pole of calyx likely transitional cell carcinoma (TCC)/papillary RCC. She underwent an urgent radical nephrectomy which showed a hard 5×5 cm lump in the upper pole of the kidney, revealing a clot on the cut section. Post-op HPE showed a large subcapsular hematoma in the upper pole with microscopy showing large areas of haemorrhage surrounded by chronic inflammatory infiltrate, likely Antopol Goldman lesion notorious for its similarity to renal malignancy.

INTRODUCTION: Self-medication is one of the major emerging health problems. It may lead to many health hazards as well as resistance to antimicrobial agents. Lack of enough report on self-medication in medical students has encouraged to conduct this study. The study aims to find out the pattern, perception and reasons for self-medication in undergraduate medical students. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive crosssectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students at Janaki Medical College and Teaching Hospital (JMCTH) from February 2022 to April 2022. A pre-validated questionnaire was used for data collection and was analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS: Total of 134 students participated in this study, with mean age of21.70±1.66 years. 90.3% of students practiced self-medication in last 6 months. Mild nature of disease was the most common reason for self-medication. Fever (65.67%) was the most common cause of self-medication, whereas NSAIDS (45.9%) was most commonly used drugs for self-medication. Pharmacist (52.9%) were the most common source of drug information. Nausea/vomiting (32.09%) was the most common adverse effect experienced by participants. 80.6% thought that selfmedication was a part of self-care. More than one-third had opinion that self-medication was recommended by WHO. CONCLUSIONS: Majority of students practiced self-medication. More than half of them prescribed medication to others. Medical students should be made aware of the harmful effects of self-medication.

Abstract: Nanoscale semiconductors known as quantum dots (QDs) are essential for drug testing because they bridge the gap between nanotechnology and the testing of drugs. QDs are a valuable tool in theranostics and treatment because of their unique physicochemical features. Due to their photoluminescence and electronic properties, including broad and continuous absorption spectra, narrow emission spectra from visible to near-infrared wavelengths, and long-lasting and high brightness, they are suitable probe materials for use in (bio)sensing (immunological) platforms. Several studies use QDs due to their optical, magnetic, electrical, photochemical, and biological features that allow them to be employed in various scientific domains. When utilized in drug delivery systems, fluorescent markers, such as QDs, can track the metabolism of drugs in the human body. Many medicinal applications, such as disease diagnosis and medication research, can benefit from these fluorescent tests. In this review article, the application of QD in drug delivery and immunoassay sensing has been described in detail.

Past research has focused on workplace bullying and destructive leadership in times of crises has restrained its prejudiced boundaries by relying excessively upon psychological and social-psychological perspectives. Alarming stress reactions can result from Workplace bullying which refers to continuous exposure to frequent hostile behaviors at work. Due to workplace bullying, a vast number of people and organizations are being impacted in several ways leading to serious psychological issues for employees. In the larger view, workplace bullying and adopting a destructive or tyrannical leadership impacts working conditions, health and safety, personal life, and the right of all to equal opportunity and treatment. In this paper, an effort is made to understand how leaders respond during crucial stages of organization restructuring and how the leadership styles affect the psychological well-being of employees through a hypothetical case study. On the whole, this paper suggests the approaches that could lead to a more rational approach in maintaining the psychological health of employees rather than resorting to workplace harassment and adopting a destructive leadership style.Keywords: Workplace Bullying, Destructive Leadership, Tyrannical leadership, Psychological Health

PurposeThis paper examines how some specific psychological characteristics and stress levels of small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) key decision-makers (founders/managers) (KDMs) influence firm goal attainment based on two firm aspiration types.Design/methodology/approachThis study hypothesizes that perceived resilience, social skills (self-promotion, ingratiation, expressiveness, social adaptability), and stress of SME KDMs will differently influence firm performance goal achievement based on firm historical versus social aspirations. IBM AMOS v27 is used to test these hypotheses on survey data of 267 Australian SME KDMs.FindingsThe study reveals that KDMs’ perceived resilience, social skills and stress differentially impact the achievement of firm performance goals when selecting firm-level historical and social aspirations. Resilience and some specific social skills can even have a detrimental effect on achieving firm goals when applying historical and social aspirations. Historical aspirations are based on the firm’s performance history, while social aspirations are based on the performance of a reference group of competitor firms. The differences in the relationship between these characteristics and the two aspiration types are also explained. Furthermore, the study reveals the important role of perceived stress levels in achieving firm performance goals, using both aspiration types.Originality/valueThis study is the first to investigate how the perceived use of some specific psychological characteristics of SME KDMs influence the ability to meet firm performance goals based on the discretionary use of historical and social aspirations and the relationship between these aspiration types. In this context, the paper explains the reasons for the differences and similarities in their use. Thus, this study provides an important empirical contribution to research on the emergent domain of micro-foundational SME goals.

Objectives: To evaluate the fracture resistance efficacy of FRC posts and photo core, zirconia post and Parapost in endodontically treated teeth. Materials and Method: Thirty recently extracted mandibular first premolar teeth were randomly grouped in to 3 different groups with 10 samples in each group: FRC posts and photo core, zirconia post and Parapost. Fracture resistance in each group was estimated and compared. Results: The fracture resistance was 428.2, 432.1 and 232.5 for group I, II and III. The difference was statistically significant. The mean fracture resistance between group I to Group III and II with III was statistically significant (0.01). The fracture resistance between Group I and II was not significant (P>0.65). Conclusion: Authors found that zirconia and FRC posts exhibited higher fracture resistance as compared to paraposts.

Aroma and flavour represent the key components of food that improves the organoleptic characteristics of food and enhances the acceptability of food to consumers. Commercial manufacturing of aromatic and flavouring compounds is from the industry's microbial source, but since time immemorial, its concept has been behind human practices. The interest in microbial flavour compounds has developed in the past several decades because of its sustainable way to supply natural additives for the food processing sector. There are also numerous health benefits from microbial bioprocess products, ranging from antibiotics to fermented functional foods. This review discusses recent developments and advancements in many microbial aromatic and flavouring compounds, their biosynthesis and production by diverse types of microorganisms, their use in the food industry, and a brief overview of their health benefits for customers.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a tumefactive proliferation of spindled myofibroblastic cells admixed with inflammatory infiltrate. This tumor has a predilection for pulmonary location and also involves visceral soft tissues in children and adults. Tumors in extrapulmonary locations like abdomen, mesentery, bowel, head & neck, genitourinary and musculoskeletal are more aggressive locally and mimic malignancy. IMTs from colon are very rare and are treated by surgical excision. We report a case of a 9-month old female with IMT of sigmoid colon with no bowel complaints, treated by complete surgical excision with no further treatment needed.

A series of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with varying Ni : Co ratios are synthesized by an easy one-step solvothermal method using trimesic acid as an organic linker.

An audit provides information about the conformance to required standards, assesses their implementation, and provides corrective actions to improve quality. Surgical histopathology includes biopsy, small and large organ resections. Audit of a surgical histopathology laboratory allows improving the overall performance and better patient care. Aims: To evaluate preanalytic and analytic phases of surgical histopathology. Materials and methods: Biopsy, small resections and large organ resections received in histopathology were categorized as I, II and III, respectively. A manual audit was done for the preanalytic phase (patient details, adequacy of clinical information, specimen and grossing adequacy) and analytic phase (tissue section quality, special stains, immunohistochemistry and turnaround time (TAT). Results: Among 540 total cases, category I, II and III had 56.8%, 29.8% and 13.3% cases, respectively. Category I had maximum number of cases with inadequate clinical details and specimen inadequacy, however shortest TAT was seen in most of these cases. Category II had maximum cases with inadequate grossing followed by category III. Longest TAT was observed in category III. Conclusions: The present study was a manual audit and most of the quality indicators were achieved in accordance with the international standards. Corrective actions were suggested to further improve the quality and better patient care.

The interaction of temperature and directly ingested Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), on the developmental rates of the parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor progeny was investigated using Corcyra cephalonica 4th instar larvae as host. Development rates increased with temperature rise. Regression analysis revealed highly significant (p .05) was not a good fit of the equation. Although r- values were overall lower and regression showed no significant fit of the equation for larval periods, significantly higher development rate was observed towards higher temperatures. However, rates during pupal period and total lifecycle showed highly significant (p

Introduction All preoperative trauma patients should receive their preoperative medications regardless of being nil per os (NPO). Anticoagulants, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I), and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) should be omitted. This is according to both local and national guidelines. We noticed that some preoperative patients have not been receiving their morning medications prior to having their operations. This has led to pre and perioperative complications. The aim of this study, therefore, was to conduct a quality improvement project to assess if preoperative trauma patients are receiving their prescribed medications preoperatively when placed NPO. We then aimed to determine the adverse outcome associated with omission and to furthermore devise a robust system to prevent recurrence. Methods Data were collected from the relevant patients' drug charts on the day of the operation. These cases were available on the daily trauma list. We evaluated if there was any clear reason documented for not providing the medications. Following the first round, we implemented our action plan for posters

PurposeThis paper examines the ethical tensions in social entrepreneurship (SE) research by focusing on the ethical consequences of obtaining ethics approval in a university in the developed world while executing fieldwork for data collection in a developing country. It aims to offer insight into ethical research practice to protect vulnerable research participants from being further silenced and marginalised by the dominant social order that developed world universities embody.Design/methodology/approachThe ethical tensions are described through narratives drawn from a Filipino Ph.D. candidate's experience. The candidate obtained ethics approval from the university in New Zealand and collected interview data from social enterprise beneficiaries in the Philippines. A critical reflexive lens carves a space for a deepened understanding of these ethical tensions.FindingsThis paper offers critical insights into ethical SE research involving participants from vulnerable communities. These insights suggest that closer consideration needs to be given to contextual sensitivity, particularly on the part of researchers and research ethics committees, in crafting ethical data collection protocols. Findings also show how it is important for the indigenous researcher to filter ethical protocols through their local knowledge.Originality/valueThe paper uses critical reflexivity to examine ethical tensions in SE research involving vulnerable beneficiaries. It offers insights into ethical research procedures and practices that engender mindfulness of the contextual and relational aspects of doing SE research in the developing world.

Introduction: Pharmacovigilance helps in the detection and prevention of adverse effects of drugs. For the effectiveness of this program, health care professionals should report adverse drug reactions (ADRs) considering it as their moral and professional obligation. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of the doctors towards ADRs and pharmacovigilance in National Medical College Teaching Hospital (NMCTH), a tertiary care teaching hospital situated in the Narayani zone. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire consisting of four parts; first part included a demographic profile of participants, the second part consisted of ten questions for the assessment of the knowledge about pharmacovigilance, third part comprised of six questions on attitude and fourth part consisted of five questions on practice. The results were depicted in the form of percentages for each KAPs questionnaire. Results: The response rate of participants was 85.16%. Pharmacovigilance was correctly defined by 52%. Department of drug administration was responsible for monitoring ADRs in Nepal was correctly given by 80%. Only 8% had reported ADRs, although 62% had encountered an ADR in their clinical practice. Conclusion: The doctors at NMCTH had a poor KAP towards pharmacovigilance and educational intervention is needed for the proper functioning of this program.

The present investigation was carried out at the adopted villages of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Chhatarpur during 2017-18 to demonstrate the improved variety JG 63 with the scientific package and practices to improve the production of chickpea. The treatment comprised of scientific package of practices (Improved variety JG 63 + seed treatment with Carbendazim 3g/ kg of seed and seed inoculation with Rhizobium and PSB culture each @ 10 g/ kg of seed + soil test value based fertilizer application + line sowing + adoption of IPM technique). The demonstration plot exhibited higher yield as compared to farmers plot. An average yield of chickpea in the demonstrated plot was 18.74 q/ha as compare to farmers practices 14.16 q/ha in the three years of pooled data. The improved technology gives the higher return with the high benefit cost ratio as farmer’s practices. The observed extension gap, technology gap and technology index were 4.58 q/ha, 1.26 q/ha and 6.30%, respectively. The improved variety with scientific package of practices and technical guidance contributed to increase production of chickpea and profitability of the farmers of the district.