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Re-compaction process after previous liquefaction exerts significant effects on subsequent cyclic behaviour of soil. Due to the complexities in environmental loading conditions, the relevant studies on this topic are limited. In this paper, we collected natural submarine silts from non-liquefied and post-liquefied seabed in the Yellow River subaqueous delta via offshore hydraulic sampling method, respectively. Monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests were conducted between them to investigate the re-compaction effect after previous wave-induced liquefaction on the undrained static and cyclic shear behaviours of seabed soil. Our experiments indicated that due to re-compaction process, the static and cyclic strengths of seabed silt in post-liquefied area are both enhanced in comparison to non-liquefied soil. A transformation in static shear failure mode from plastic to brittle after wave-induced liquefaction could be identified in seabed silt. Furthermore, the developments of pore water pressure and cyclic axial strain with number of cycles for seabed silts could be characterized by the hyperbolic and power models, respectively, and an empirical relationship between pore water pressure and cyclic axial strain is proposed for natural seabed silt. Finally, compared with non-liquefied seabed silt, the threshold cyclic stress ratio (CSR) for post-liquefied seabed silt is also elevated due to re-compaction effect.

China was firmly griped by communist ideology from the founding of the People’s Republic of China on October 1, 1949 to the eve of the Cultural Revolution in 1966. With the communist ideology looming large in the background, literary translation during this period was greatly influenced by factors such as China’s alliance with the USSR, its friendship with the Eastern European communist countries, its antagonism with the Western capitalist camp, and its literary policy demanding that literature should shape and reflect the revolutionary spirit. How did the unique translation phenomena in China take place? Why did communist party hurry to take the organization and planning of the translation activities into its own hand as soon as the PRC was founded? What was its implication? This essay attempts to answer these questions by taking the 1951 First National Conference of Translation, a key conference manipulated by the communist government and proved influential to the translation activities in the 1950s and the 1960s, as an example.