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51. Balancing Risks and Benefits of E-Cigarettes in the Real World

Author

Cohen, Joanna E., primary, Krishnan-Sarin, Suchitra, additional, Eissenberg, Thomas, additional, Gould, Thomas J., additional, Berman, Micah L., additional, Bhatnagar, Aruni, additional, Barnett, Tracey E., additional, Soule, Eric, additional, Popova, Lucy, additional, Tan, Andy S. L., additional, Blank, Melissa D., additional, Ling, Pamela M., additional, and O’Connor, Richard, additional

Published
2022
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53. Evaluation of low-cost aerosol and gas sensors for real-time measurements of electronic cigarette exposure.

Author

Sousan, Sinan, Streuber, Dillon, Park, Yoo Min, Coombs, Vivien, Pender, Jack, and Soule, Eric

Subjects
ELECTRONIC cigarettes, GAS detectors, ELECTRONIC measurements, AEROSOLS, MICROBIOLOGICAL aerosols, VOLATILE organic compounds
Abstract

Indoor electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use exposes bystanders to airborne PM2.5 (particulate matter 2.5 µm and smaller) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). To understand potential risks for bystanders, measuring real-time e-cigarette exposure is important. However, no study evaluates the performance of low-cost sensors for real-time measurements of indoor e-cigarette aerosol concentrations. Thirty-two low-cost GeoAir2 monitors were used to detect e-cigarette-generated PM2.5 and VOCs inside a controlled laboratory exposure chamber. The GeoAir2 was compared to an OPC-N3 low-cost monitor and the MiniWRAS and MiniRae reference instruments. Three e-cigarette devices (JUUL, NJOY Daily, and VOOPOO DRAG 2) were used to generate emissions using a diaphragm pump programmed to puff based on e-cigarette-user puffing behaviors. The GeoAir2 PM2.5 concentrations were similar to the raw MiniWRAS PM2.5 concentrations for different e-cigarettes. For the JUUL, PM2.5 measurements were close or on the 1-1 line, for the NJOY Daily measurements were on the 1-1 line for concentrations lower than 200 µg/m3, and PM2.5 measurements were overestimated for the VOOPOO DRAG 2 (mean correlation ≥ 0.97). The OPC-N3 significantly underestimated concentrations compared to the raw and filter-corrected MiniWRAS concentrations (mean correlation ≥ 0.98). The GeoAir2 VOC concentrations compared to the MiniRAE were on the 1-1 line for the VOOPOO DRAG 2, overestimated for the JUUL and NJOY Daily (mean correlation ≥ 0.98). These results show that GeoAir2 is an effective tool for examining e-cigarette use in indoor settings, such as homes, vehicles, workplaces, vape shops, or other locations, to better understand bystander exposures to e-cigarette aerosols. Copyright © 2022 American Association for Aerosol Research [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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57. Electrical features, liquid composition and toxicant emissions from 'pod-mod'-like disposable electronic cigarettes.

Author

Talih, Soha, Salman, Rola, Soule, Eric, El-Hage, Rachel, Karam, Ebrahim, Karaoghlanian, Nareg, El-Hellani, Ahmad, Saliba, Najat, and Shihadeh, Alan

Subjects
TOXIN analysis, FLAVORING essence analysis, PARTICULATE matter, ELECTRONIC cigarettes, AEROSOLS, HIGH performance liquid chromatography, NICOTINE, GAS chromatography, MASS spectrometry, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, ADULTS, ADOLESCENCE
Published
2022
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62. sj-docx-1-qhr-10.1177_1049732320971236 – Supplemental material for 'Taking Up a New Problem': Context and Determinants of Pod-Mod Electronic Cigarette Use Among College Students

Author

Kava, Christine M., Soule, Eric K., Seegmiller, Laura, Gold, Emily, Snipes, William, Westfield, Taya, Wick, Noah, and Afifi, Rima

Subjects
111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified, 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified, 160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods, FOS: Health sciences, FOS: Sociology
Abstract

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-qhr-10.1177_1049732320971236 for “Taking Up a New Problem”: Context and Determinants of Pod-Mod Electronic Cigarette Use Among College Students by Christine M. Kava, Eric K. Soule, Laura Seegmiller, Emily Gold, William Snipes, Taya Westfield, Noah Wick and Rima Afifi in Qualitative Health Research

Published
2020
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71. Electronic Cigarette Explosion and Burn Injuries

Author

Rossheim, Matthew E., primary, Soule, Eric K., additional, Thombs, Dennis L., additional, Barnett, Tracey E., additional, Livingston, Melvin D., additional, Gimm, Gilbert, additional, and Emechebe, Ogechikamma C., additional

Published
2020
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84. "Taking Up a New Problem": Context and Determinants of Pod-Mod Electronic Cigarette Use Among College Students.

Author

Kava, Christine M., Soule, Eric K., Seegmiller, Laura, Gold, Emily, Snipes, William, Westfield, Taya, Wick, Noah, and Afifi, Rima

Subjects
*PSYCHOLOGY of college students, *COMPULSIVE behavior, *INTERVIEWING, *RESEARCH methodology, *RESEARCH funding, *SCHOOL environment, *SMOKING, *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress, *STUDENT attitudes, *SURVEYS, *QUALITATIVE research, *AFFINITY groups, *PRODUCT design, *THEMATIC analysis, *ELECTRONIC cigarettes, *DATA analysis software, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, *ADOLESCENCE, *ADULTS
Abstract

In this article, we explore the context and determinants of pod-mod electronic cigarette (ECIG) use among college students aged 18 to 24 in the United States. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 55 students (M age = 20 years, 56% female, 65% White) on three campuses in the Northwest, Midwest, and Southeast. We performed a thematic analysis. Students described ECIG use by peers, increased ECIG exposure and prevalence in college, and school-related stress as reasons for vaping. Pod-mod features such as convenience, design, easy concealment, and flavors made vaping more appealing. Negative aspects of vaping included addiction, cost, and possible health consequences. Most viewed vaping as a college behavior and intended to quit after graduation. Our results show that the college environment plays a major role in young adult ECIG use. These findings can inform the development of targeted interventions to prevent and control uptake of ECIGs by young adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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85. Smokers' Experiences with Vaping to Quit: A Concept Mapping Study.

Author

Pelletier, Hayley, Diemert, Lori, Soule, Eric, Cohen, Joanna E., Eissenberg, Thomas, O'Connor, Shawn, and Schwartz, Robert

Subjects
CONCEPT mapping, ELECTRONIC cigarettes, HIERARCHICAL clustering (Cluster analysis), NICOTINE replacement therapy, CIGARETTE smokers, MULTIDIMENSIONAL scaling
Abstract

Objectives: E-cigarettes are increasingly being used by cigarette smokers as a cessation aid. In this study, we used concept mapping to identify the full spectrum of experiences of smokers who have tried vaping to quit. Methods: In 2018, adult cigarette smokers who tried vaping to quit were recruited to complete a survey and concept mapping tasks. Participants (N = 98) generated statements by responding to a prompt. Participants then sorted and rated each of the unique statements generated during brainstorming. Multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to create a map of thematic clusters describing smokers' experiences. Mean cluster ratings were compared by reported success in quitting. Results: We identified 7 clusters. Mean cluster ratings ranged from 4.81 (SD = 0.64) for Positive Attributes to a low of 3.31 (SD = 0.78) for Health Concerns. The Positive Outcomes, Positive Attributes, and Positive Relationship clusters were rated higher among those who self-reported successfully quitting relative to non-successful quitters (ps <.05). Those who did not report quitting success rated the clusters related to limitations higher than self-reported quitters (ps <.05). Conclusions: Smokers who self-reported successful quitting had more positive experiences while vaping to quit than did those who failed to quit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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88. Longitudinal Analysis of Associations Between Reasons for Electronic Cigarette Use and Change in Smoking Status Among Adults in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study.

Author

Soule, Eric K, Plunk, Andrew D, Harrell, Paul T, Hayes, Rashelle B, and Edwards, Kathryn C

Subjects
*ELECTRONIC cigarettes, *SMOKING, *TOBACCO, *NICOTINE replacement therapy, *SMOKING cessation, *CIGARETTE smokers
Abstract

Introduction: Electronic cigarette (ECIG) use and changes in cigarette smoking status may be influenced by self-reported reasons for using ECIGs.Methods: We analyzed adult current and former cigarette smokers who were also current or former ECIG users at wave 1 (n = 3044) using wave 1 and wave 2 Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study data (2013-2015). Prevalence of reporting 13 reasons for ECIG use at wave 1 was examined and weighted logistic regressions were conducted predicting smoking status changes from wave 1 to wave 2.Results: Reasons for ECIG use ranged from 18.1% (people in the media or public figures use them) to 82.5% (they might be less harmful to people around me than cigarettes). From wave 1 to wave 2, 27.2% of former smokers (n = 249) became current smokers and 11.6% of current smokers (n = 246) became former smokers. Among wave 1 former smokers, using ECIGs because of the availability of flavors (AOR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.39-0.85) or because they don't smell (AOR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.42-0.97) was associated with lower odds of relapse to smoking, but using ECIGs because using them helps people quit smoking (AOR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.01-2.38) was associated with greater odds of relapse. Among wave 1 current smokers, using ECIGs because they can be used where smoking is not allowed (AOR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.38-0.85) was associated with reduced odds of quitting cigarettes.Conclusions: Some reasons for ECIG use are associated with changes in self-reported smoking status. Researchers should examine ECIG user characteristics when assessing associations between ECIG use and smoking status transitions.Implications: Given that certain reasons for ECIG use, such as using ECIGs in locations are where smoking is not allowed, may inhibit smoking reduction, policies may be developed to prevent ECIG use in locations where smoking is banned. In addition, because certain reasons for ECIG use may aid in relapse prevention, such as availability of desired flavors, efforts should be made to identify ECIG device characteristics that are appealing to smokers but not youth or nontobacco users. These results provide support for future research on reasons for ECIG use to inform regulatory policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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