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Periodontitis patients suffering concomitantly from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often present with less inflamed periodontal tissues due to the ongoing anti-rheumatic therapy. This in vitro study was aimed to analyze whether anti-inflammatory drugs used in the therapy of RA can modulate the release of IL-8 and IL-1β by professional and non-professional immune cells stimulated with microorganisms. Periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts, monocytic MONO-MAC-6-cells, and gingival keratinocytes were exposed to ibuprofen, prednisolone, and methotrexate with and without lysates of Fusobacterium nucleatum or Candida albicans. Supernatants were obtained and the levels of interleukin(IL)-8 and IL-1β (only MONO-MAC-6) were quantified. The addition of F. nucleatum lysate resulted in the strongest release of proinflammatory cytokines by PDL fibroblast and MONO-MAC-6 cells, while the modification by the tested anti-rheumatic drugs was only minor. After stimulation of the MONO-MAC-cells with F. nucleatum, prednisolone increased the release of IL-8, whereas methotrexate decreased the level. Anti-inflammatory drugs increased the adherence of C. albicans to epithelial cells. In patients with RA, the reduction of the microbial load in subgingival biofilm (biofilm removal) is of major importance; however, the intake of inflammatory drugs may interfere with the inflammatory response.

Objective To systematically assess the effects of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on in vitro cellular behavior. Methods A systematic electronic search using MEDLINE database was performed. In vitro studies using PRF were considered and articles published up to June 31, 2018 were screened. Eligible studies were selected based on the use of human PRF. Results In total, 1746 titles were identified with the search terms, from these 37 met the inclusion criteria and were chosen for data extraction. In addition, 16 new studies, mainly published in 2019, were also included in the analysis resulting in 53 studies. No meta-analysis could be performed due to the heterogeneity of study designs. Included studies show that PRF enhances proliferation, migration, adhesion, and osteogenic differentiation on a variety of cell types along with cell signaling activation. Furthermore, PRF reduces inflammation, suppresses osteoclastogenesis, and increases the expression of various growth factors in mesenchymal cells. Summary and conclusions Despite some notable differences of the studies, the overall findings suggest a positive effect of PRF on cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, differentiation, and inflammation pointing towards a therapeutic potential in regenerative dentistry. Clinical relevance PRF serves as a reservoir of bioactive molecules to support wound healing and bone regeneration. Although the cellular mechanisms by which PRF supports the clinical outcomes remain unclear, in vitro research provides possible explanations. This systematic review aims to provide an update of the existing research on how PRF affects basic physiological processes in vitro. The overall findings suggest that PRF induces cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, and differentiation along with possessing anti-inflammatory properties further supporting its therapeutic potential in wound healing and bone regeneration.

The prevalence of congenital anomalies in newborns is estimated to be as high as 6%, many of which involving the cranio-/orofacial region. Such malformations, including several syndromes, are usually identified prenatally, at birth, or rarely later in life. The lack of clinically relevant human cell models of these often very rare conditions, the societal pressure to avoid the use of animal models and the fact that the biological mechanisms between rodents and human are not necessarily identical, makes studying cranio-/orofacial anomalies challenging. To overcome these limitations, we are developing a living cell repository of healthy and diseased cells derived from the cranio-/orofacial region. Ultimately, we aim to make patient-derived cells, which retain the molecular and genetic characteristics of the original anomaly or disease in vitro, available for the scientific community. We report our efforts in establishing a human living cell bank derived from the cranio-/orofacial region of otherwise discarded tissue samples, detail our strategy, processes and quality checks. Such specific cell models have a great potential for discovery and translational research and might lead to a better understanding and management of craniofacial anomalies for the benefit of all affected individuals.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T19:37:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-09-30 Osteology Foundation Austrian Science Fund Objectives Deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) is not resorbable. However, the behavior of DBBM under inflammatory conditions remains unclear. Aim of the study was therefore to evaluate the resorption of DBBM under local inflammatory conditions in vivo using the calvarial osteolysis model. Methods In thirty adult BALB/c mice, DBBM was implanted into the space between the elevated soft tissue and the calvarial bone. Inflammation was induced either by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) injection or by polyethylene particles (Ceridust) mixed with DBBM. Three modalities were randomly applied (n = 10 each): (a) DBBM alone (control), (b) DBBM + LPS, and (c) DBBM + polyethylene particles (Ceridust). Mice were euthanized on day fourteen, and each calvarium was subjected to histological and mu CT analysis. Primary outcome was the size distribution of the DBBM particles. Secondary outcome was the surface erosion of the calvarial bone. Results Histological and mu CT analysis revealed that the size distribution and the volume of DBBM particles in the augmented site were similar between DBBM alone and the combinations with LPS or polyethylene particles. Moreover, histological evaluation showed no signs of erosions of DBBM particles under inflammatory conditions. mu CT analysis and histology further revealed that LPS and the polyethylene particles, but not the DBBM alone, caused severe erosions of the calvarial bone as indicated by large voids representing the massive compensatory new immature woven bone formation on the endosteal surface. Conclusions Local calvarial bone but not the DBBM particles undergo severe resorption and subsequent new bone formation under inflammatory conditions in a mouse model. Med Univ Vienna, Univ Clin Dent, Dept Oral Surg, Vienna, Austria Univ Estadual Paulista, Aracatuba Dent Sch, Dept Oral Surg, Aracatuba, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Aracatuba Dent Sch, Integrated Clin, Aracatuba, Brazil Med Univ Vienna, Univ Clin Dent, Karl Donath Lab, Core Facil Hard Tissue & Biomat Res, Vienna, Austria Med Univ Vienna, Univ Clin Dent, Dept Oral Biol, Vienna, Austria Ludwig Boltzmann Inst Clin & Expt Traumatol, Vienna, Austria Austrian Cluster Tissue Regenerat, Vienna, Austria Univ Bern, Sch Dent Med, Dept Periodontol, Bern, Switzerland Univ Chile, Sch Dent, Dept Conservat Dent, Santiago, Chile Univ Estadual Paulista, Aracatuba Dent Sch, Dept Oral Surg, Aracatuba, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Aracatuba Dent Sch, Integrated Clin, Aracatuba, Brazil Osteology Foundation: 14-126 Austrian Science Fund: 4072-B28