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Designing crystalline porous materials with efficient hydrogen evolution is a promising strategy to obtain green energy. Covalent organic frameworks have been regarded as outstanding photocatalysts for solar-to-hydrogen conversion. In particular, sp2 carbon-conjugated covalent organic frameworks (sp2c-COFs), via carbon–carbon double bond linkage, have good chemical and physical stability, which has attracted great attention in recent years. Herein, we design and synthesize two series of benzothiadiazole and its derivative-based isoreticular sp2c-COFs (HIAM-0001 to HIAM-0006) for photocatalytic hydrogen generation. The experimental results show that benzothiadiazole-based COFs exhibit much higher photocatalytic activity compared with its derivative-based ones possessing much broader light-harvesting ranges. The average hydrogen evolution rates of HIAM-0001 and HIAM-0004 are up to 1410 μmol g−1 h−1 and 1526 μmol g−1 h−1 under visible-light illumination (λ > 420 nm), respectively. This work presents the relevant background for the study of the structure–property relationship in benzothiadiazole and its derivative-based sp2c-COFs, and also provides a new guidance for the rational design and development of efficient photocatalysts for hydrogen generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inorganic filler-filled polyurethane elastomer (PUE) is faced with problems such as cracking and functional structure failure under high-speed impact, which limits its application in the field of protection. Inspired by the secondary electrostatic effect of quadruple hydrogen bonds, a polymer containing quadruple hydrogen bonds (PHI) was composited with nano-CaCO3 to prepare a nano-reinforced filler (PUE-QHB@CaCO3). The composition, morphology and microstructure of the nano-reinforced filler were systemly characterized, and it was used to improve impact resistance and energy absorption of PUE. Compared with pure PUE, 4 wt% PUE-QHB@CaCO3 composite PUE simultaneously improves the maximum compressive modulus (190.70%), elastic modulus (186.81%), dynamic strength (24.32%) and energy absorption (23.33%) and reduces thermal weight loss rate (137.58%). The excellent mechanical properties exhibited by PUE-QHB@CaCO3 are not only attributed to the rigidity provided by nano-CaCO3 and the flexibility of PHI, but to the synergistic enhancement effect of the two in PUE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a malignant cancer worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key players in the development and progression of NSCLC, and may be potential biomarkers of NSCLC. Here, we investigated the clinical significance of lncRNA oxidative stress responsive serine rich 1 antisense RNA 1 (OSER1-AS1) in peripheral blood of patients with NSCLC. OSER1-AS1 in peripheral blood of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and healthy subjects was detected, and the clinical diagnostic efficacy was analyzed. The correlation between OSER1-AS1 expression and clinicopathological features in patients with LUSC and LUAD was analyzed. The downstream mechanism of OSER1-AS1 was explored. The area under the ROC curve of lncRNA OSER1-AS1 and miR-1298-5p/CHSY3 in LUSC and LUAD was compared using the MedCalc analysis. OSER1-AS1 was low in peripheral blood of patients with LUSC and LUAD. The area under the ROC curve for predicting LUSC was 0.800. The area under the ROC curve for predicting LUAD was 0.728. In LUSC and LUAD, OSER1-AS1 deficiency was associated with tumor node metastasis stage, lymph node metastasis, distal metastasis, and poor prognosis. miR-1298-5p was highly expressed, while chondroitin sulfate synthase 3 (CHSY3) was lowly expressed in patients with LUSC and LUAD. miR-1298-5p had target relations with OSER1-AS1 and CHSY3. lncRNA OSER1-AS1 had a higher diagnostic value in patients with NSCLC than miR-1298-5p and CHSY3. Overall, low expression of OSER1-AS1 in peripheral blood of NSCLC patients has high clinical significance, which provides a certain reference value for NSCLC early diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To screen out the differential expression circRNA in peripheral blood of patients with aortic regurgitation and left ventricular enlargement. Methods Four patients with aortic regurgitation complicated with left ventricular enlargement (observation group) and four patients with aortic valve regurgitation without left ventricular enlargement (control group) were selected. Their fasting venous blood was taken to detect the circRNAs by high throughput circRNA chip technique, and differentially expressed circRNAs between the two groups were screened out. Target Scan ant miRanda software were used to predict the circRNAs which were associated with miRNA-233 related to myocardial remodeling. Results Compared with the control group of fluorescence signal intensity, 158 circRNAs were differentially expressed, with fold change values> 2 ( P < 0. 05) including 21 circRNAs' fold change values > 5, meanwhile, 105 were down-regulated and 53 were up-regulated. There were binding sites between hsa-circRNA-102898, hsa-circRNA-101661, hsa-circRNA-103740 and miRNA-233 of 158 differentially expressed circRNAs. Conclusions Compared with patients with aortic regurgitation without left ventricular enlargement, there are 158 differentially expressed circRNAs in peripheral blood of patients with aortic regurgitation and left ventricular enlargement. Twenty-one circRNAs, such as hsa-circRNA-103245, hsa-circRNA-104014, hs-circRNA-102617, and hsa-circRNA-103421 are significantly different. Totally 158 differential expressed circRNAs may be associated with the occurrence and development of left ventricular enlargement with aortic regurgitation. The hsa-circRNA-102898, hsa-circRNA-101661, and hsa-circRNA-103740 may regulate left ventricular enlargement by binding to miRNA-233 site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates a novel anti-disturbance speed tracking control problem for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) systems with unknown mismatched disturbances. In order to realise the rejection and compensation for load torque, a cascaded PMSM system is constructed by using a coordinate transformation such that the load disturbances become matched with respect to the virtual control input. By combining disturbance observer with proportional-integral feedback control structure, a composite speed controller is proposed on this basis to ensure the PMSM system stability, and convergence of the tracking error of angular velocity to zero. The favourable observation performance for the load torque and its derivative can also be achieved simultaneously. Meanwhile, the L 1 performance index is used to further optimise the robustness of the PMSM system. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by simulations for the PMSM system with monotonous disturbances and harmonic disturbances respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inorganic filler-filled polyurethane elastomer (PUE) is faced with problems such as cracking and functional structure failure under high-speed impact, which limits its application in the field of protection. Inspired by the secondary electrostatic effect of quadruple hydrogen bonds, a polymer containing quadruple hydrogen bonds (PHI) was composited with nano-CaCO3 to prepare a nano-reinforced filler (PUE-QHB@CaCO3). The composition, morphology and microstructure of the nano-reinforced filler were systemly characterized, and it was used to improve impact resistance and energy absorption of PUE. Compared with pure PUE, 4 wt% PUE-QHB@CaCO3 composite PUE simultaneously improves the maximum compressive modulus (190.70%), elastic modulus (186.81%), dynamic strength (24.32%) and energy absorption (23.33%) and reduces thermal weight loss rate (137.58%). The excellent mechanical properties exhibited by PUE-QHB@CaCO3 are not only attributed to the rigidity provided by nano-CaCO3 and the flexibility of PHI, but to the synergistic enhancement effect of the two in PUE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low‐dimensional perovskites have been demonstrated repeatedly to improve the performance of perovskite photovoltaic devices in both light‐to‐electricity conversion efficiency and device durability. In this work, the ionic liquid (IL) 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate (EMIMHSO4) is innovatively introduced as a capping layer, which interacts with the residual PbI2 on the 3D perovskite top surface to generate the 1D perovskite, EMIMPbI3. By adjusting the concentration of the IL, 1D perovskite formations with distinct morphologies is achieved. Time‐resolved GIWAXS studies allows to track the formation process of 1D perovskite on the 3D perovskite top surface. Moreover, GIWAXS at varying angles provide insights into the IL's role in the management of PbI2 distribution. Further analyses, including in situ PL and ICP‐MS, demonstrates that the 1D perovskite layer effectively enhances the stability of the final 3D perovskite. This stabilization, combines with defect passivation of the 1D perovskite and its effective management of residual PbI2, enables the 1D/3D device to achieve a PCE of 25.01%, a marked improvement over the pristine 3D device. Additionally, the 1D/3D device displays superior long‐term durability, retaining 94% of its initial PCE after 2000 h in a nitrogen atmosphere, while the 3D device maintains only 66% of its initial PCE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although encouraging progress in spin‐coated small‐area organic solar cells (OSCs), reducing efficiency loss caused by differences in film uniformity and morphology when up‐scaled to large‐area modules through meniscus‐guided coating is an important but unsolved issue. In this work, in‐depth research is conducted on the influence of both liquid and solid additives on the film uniformity and morphology of active layer in blade‐coated PM6:L8‐BO binary system. The study reveals that high boiling point liquid additives like 1,8‐diiodooctane (DIO) used in blade‐coating not only delay the volatilization of the solvent but also trigger the Marangoni flow in the same direction as capillary flow, causing excessive aggregation of acceptors, therefore destroying device performance. On the contrary, the solid additive 2‐Iododiphenyl ether (IDPE), which is first reported in this work, can preserve the mechanism for improving device performance while effectively suppressing the excessive aggregation of acceptors during the film‐forming process in blade‐coating from halogen‐free solvent of toluene, resulting in highly homogeneous large‐area active layer films. Consequently, organic solar modules with an impressive efficiency of 15.34% with a total module area of 18.90 cm2 via blade‐coating based on PM6:L8‐BO are achieved. This study not only provides a deep understanding on the effect of liquid and solid additives during blade‐coating from the perspective of fluid mechanisms but also gives a pathway for the development of green solvent printed high‐efficiency OSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a zoonotic disease, which threatens public health and its incidence has increased sharply up to the present time in southern China. A survey of HFRS including in both the natural hosts and humans conducted in Qingyuan, southern China, during 2011-2013 revealed that one, two and seven confirmed cases of HFRS occurred in 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. Rodent densities ranged 1.73%-12.2% and Seoul hantavirus was detected by RT-PCR only in Rattus norvegicus and Rattus losea. The positive rate in humans was 0.95% serologically and 0.94% with IIFA in 2011 and 2013, respectively. DNA fragments detected in Rattus norvegicus and Rattus losea were highly homologous with those of Seoul hantavirus HB55 (96.2%) and L99 (95.1%), respectively. Thus HFRS is becoming an emerging and dangerous disease in southern China and it is necessary to further perform molecular characterization of strains isolated from rodents and humans.