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The availability of common bean cultivars tolerant to Meloidogyne javanica is limited in Brazil. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the reactions of 33 common bean genotypes (23 landrace, 8 commercial, 1 susceptible standard and 1 resistant standard) to M. javanica, employing multivariate statistics to discriminate the reaction of the genotypes. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using a completely randomized design with seven replicates. The seeds were sown in 1-L pots containing autoclaved soil and sand in a 1:1 ratio (v:v). On day 19, after emergence of the seedlings, the plants were treated with inoculum containing 4000 eggs + second-stage juveniles (J2). At 60 days after inoculation, the seedlings were evaluated based on biometric and parasitism-related traits, such as number of galls, final nematode population per root system, reproduction factor, and percent reduction in the reproduction factor of the nematode (%RRF). The data were subjected to analysis of variance using the F-test. The Mahalanobis generalized distance was used to obtain the dissimilarity matrix, and the average linkage between groups was used for clustering. The use of multivariate statistics allowed groups to be separated according to the resistance levels of genotypes, as observed in the %RRF. The landrace genotypes FORT-09, FORT-17, FORT-31, FORT-32, FORT-34 and FORT-36 presented resistance to M. javanica; thus, these genotypes can be considered potential sources of resistance.

A very simple and rapid method for the determination of total mercury in fish samples using the Direct Mercury Analyser DMA-80 was developed. In this system, a previously weighted portion of fresh fish is combusted and the released mercury is selectively trapped in a gold amalgamator. Upon heating, mercury is desorbed from the amalgamator, an atomic absorption measurement is performed and the mercury concentration is calculated. Some experimental parameters have been studied and optimised. In this study the sample mass was about 100.0 mg. The relative standard deviation was lower than 8.0% for all measurements of solid samples. Two calibration curves against aqueous standard solutions were prepared through the low linear range from 2.5 to 20.0 ng of Hg, and the high linear range from 25.0 to 200.0 ng of Hg, for which a correlation coefficient better than 0.997 was achieved, as well as a normal distribution of the residuals. Mercury reference solutions were prepared in 5.0% v/v nitric acid medium. Lyophilised fish tissues were also analysed; however, the additional procedure had no advantage over the direct analysis of the fresh fish, and additionally increased the total analytical process time. A fish tissue reference material, IAEA-407, was analysed and the mercury concentration was in agreement with the certified value, according to the t-test at a 95% confidence level. The limit of quantification (LOQ), based on a mercury-free sample, was 3.0 µg kg(-1). This LOQ is in accordance with performance criteria required by the Commission Regulation No. 333/2007. Simplicity and high efficiency, without the need for any sample preparation procedure, are some of the qualities of the proposed method.

This work is based upon a day-by-day study of the services provide by a nurse team at a mentally impaired emergency room. Our aim is to study staff's reactions toward the patients as well as service itself. We could feel the dynamic relation among thinking, feeling and performance created strong conceptions on individuals based upon a common sense. The feelings noticed are: pity, scare and rage depending upon behavior. The assistance given to the mentally impaired is, at large, based exclusively on technical data resorted to organic/biological aspects.

This study emerged from the preoccupation to evaluate the learning needs of psychiatric nurses working in an ambulatory of Mental Health. We verified the type of education they had, the actions they performed and the difficulties and facilities they found in the development of nursing interventions. It was also examined whether these actions are in conformity to the ones prerecognized by the literature or not. The data analysis showed that the majority of the actions are performed by nurses in distinct manners in 6 ambulatories. We perceived, in some events, the "function deviation" in nursing activities of nurse and the nursing team.

With this study the authors want to furnish the nurses with one more reference source to guide their actions in caring for the patient with manifestation of reality withdrawal. Some concepts of withdrawal are presented and, summarily, the clinical manifestation. Nursing care is described considering their problems and general measures to be taken into account for patients individuality.