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Актуальность статьи обусловлена проблемами, возникшими в условиях возрастающей угрозы распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-2019) и перехода вузов на дистанционное обучение. Статья посвящена вопросам внедрения дистанционных образовательных технологий в Кемеровском государственном университете и представляет собой описание результатов исследования, связанного с изучением отношения студентов к дистанционному обучению в Институте истории и международных отношений. Данное исследование было проведено на основе анкетирования 60 студентов с целью выявления эффективности дистанционного обучения по дисциплинам «Иностранный язык» (английский язык), «Практический курс второго иностранного языка» (немецкий язык), «Второй иностранный язык» (немецкий язык). Авторы на основе анализа ответов студентов и синтеза отечественной и зарубежной литературы, компаративного изучения теории и практики внедрения дистанционного обучения лучшими университетами мира, а также с учётом личного опыта преподавания иностранного языка студентам Кемеровского государственного университета конкретизируют понятийный аппарат дистанционного обучения, обоснованно вычленяют позитивные и негативные стороны новой системы обучения с применением электронных технологий для учебного процесса в вузе., The relevance of the article is due to the problems that have arisen in the context of the increasing threat of the spread of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-2019) and the transition of universities to distance learning. The article is devoted to the introduction of distance learning technologies at Kemerovo State University and describes the results of research related to the study of students’ attitudes to distance learning at the Institute of history and international relationship. This study was conducted on the basis of a survey of 60 students to identify the effectiveness of distance learning in the subjects "Foreign language" (English), "Practical course of the second foreign language" (German), "The second foreign language" (German). Based on the analysis of students’ responses and the synthesis of domestic and foreign literature, comparative study of the theory and practice of implementing distance learning by the best universities in the world, as well as taking into account personal experience of teaching a foreign language to students of Kemerovo State University, the authors concretize the conceptual apparatus of distance learning, reasonably identify the positive and negative aspects of the new learning system using electronic technologies for the educational process at the university.

Актуальность статьи вытекает из сложившейся в настоящий момент ситуации в системе высшего образования, связанной с резким переходом вузов на дистанционный формат обучения из-за пандемии COVID-19. Автором предпринята попытка разграничить и описать разные термины, использующиеся для описания обучения, которое осуществляется через Интернет., The relevance of this article stems from the current situation in the higher education system associated with the abrupt transition of universities to distance learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The author attempts to distinguish and describe different terms used to describe learning that is carried out via the Internet.

Purpose The aim of this work was to analyze the complete genome of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum 8 RA 3, Lactobacillus fermentum 90 TC-4, Lactobacillus fermentum 39, Bifidobacterium bifidum 791, Bifidobacterium bifidum 1, and Bifidobacterium longum 379 and to test their activity against influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 viruses. Methods To confirm the taxonomic affiliation of the bacterial strains, MALDI TOF mass spectrometry and biochemical test systems were used. Whole genome sequencing was performed on the Illumina Inc. MiSeq platform. To determine the antiviral activity, A/Lipetsk/1V/2018 (H1N1 pdm09) (EPI_ISL_332798) and A/common gull/Saratov/1676/2018 (H5N6) (EPI_ISL_336925) influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2 virus strain Australia/VIC01/2020 (GenBank: MT007544.1) were used. Results All studied probiotic bacteria are nonpathogenic for humans and do not contain the determinants of transmission-type antibiotic resistance and integrated plasmids. Resistance to antibiotics of different classes is explained by the presence of molecular efflux pumps of the MatE and MFS families. Cultures of L. fermentum 90 TC 4, L. plantarum 8 RA 3, and B. bifidum 791 showed a pronounced activity against influenza A viruses in MDCK cells. Activity against the SARS-CoV-2 virus was demonstrated only by the L. fermentum 90 TC 4 strain in VERO cells. Conclusions The studied probiotic bacteria are safe, have antiviral activity, and are of great importance for the prevention of diseases caused by respiratory viruses that can also infect the human intestine.

В статье рассматривается самостоятельная работа студентов в процессе обучения иностранным языкам в высшей школе. Внимание уделяется роли самостоятельной работы в современную эпоху цифрового образования. Рассматриваются различные формы самостоятельной работы. Описывается отношение студентов к проведению самостоятельных работ при обучении их английскому и немецкому языкам., This article discusses the individual work of students in the process of foreign language teaching in higher education. Attention is paid to the role of individual work in the modern era of digital education. Various forms of individual work are considered. The author describes the attitude of students to individual work in English and German classes.

When studying the effect of the metabolic products of clinical isolates of enterococci on the viability of Candida albicans, it was found that metabolites of all tested strains of Enterococcus faecium, E. faecalis had a fungistatic effect. At the same time a reliable fungicidal effect is a strain-specific feature. It is better to use the method of delayed antagonism on double-layer agar to assess the antifungal effect of enterococcal metabolism products.

Mature hybrids between chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta and pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, which were identified by an intermediate colour pattern, were caught at the Kurilsky Hatchery, Iturup Island, Russia. Most of them were female and 3 years old (a partial freshwater year and 2 marine years), which is intermediate between the ages of maturity of the parental species. The hybrids exceed both parental species in the rate of growth, are large in size and robust and might successfully compete for mating in the wild or be chosen for artificial reproduction. The ratio of the scale length over width, R, is oblate (R 1). From scale analyses, the c.v. in body size of hybrid females at the second marine year is twice that of O. keta, which suggests developmental instability in the hybrid. A dynamic model predicted that continuing hybridization at a low rate does not produce a substantial hybrid load due to selection against advanced-generation hybrids and backcrosses. A high hybridization rate, however, may be an additional risk for genetic management and should be taken into account in programmes of artificial reproduction of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp., although such hybrids might have commercial use in confined production systems.

Increased international business contacts and mobility necessitates developing/mastering skills of communicating in a foreign language (FL) in engineering professionals, including mining engineers. However, the system of FL teaching for non-linguistic, and especially, engineering departments of the Russian higher educational institutions (HEIs) is generally inefficient. At the same time, given an insufficient level of FL skills in most content teachers, little support from their management, the lack of proper methodological training and complex linguistic learning situations, this process proves to pose considerable challenges for the existing educational setting of the Russian technical HEIs. This article summarizes the results of the expert opinion survey among Kemerovo State Technical University content and FL teachers showing a certain degree of doubt and unpreparedness in this respect. In this environment, the authors suggest that the optimal solution would be a gradual introduction of CLIL elements with a focus on more elaborated preparatory techniques. The study assumes the need for forming a specific support system provided by language teachers to boost learners’ linguistic confidence prior to students’ participation in CLIL format courses.

The paper analyses problems associated with technologies classification for the purposes of futures studies, in order to ensure definitive inclusion of technologies in specific classes/types when conventional approaches to classification are applied. The evolution of classification approaches in the scope of science philosophy is shortly reviewed, together with the latest research on expert-based and computerised (algorithmic) classification and methodological dilemmas related to hierarchical aggregation of technological and production processes are analysed. Common problems with classifying technologies and industries frequently encountered in the age of converging technologies are examined, using the agricultural sector and related industries as an example. A case study of computerised classification of agricultural technologies based on clustering algorithms is presented, with a brief analysis of the potential and limitations of the methodology. For doing so a two-stage approach to classifying technologies is suggested, based on distinguishing between platform (multipurpose) and industry-specific technologies. An adaptive approach to analysing technological structures is proposed, based on many-to-many relationships and fuzzy logic principles.

This work presents the results of experimental and numerical studies on the process of turbulent mixing ocurring at the contact boundaries of three-layer gas systems during the passage of a stationary shock wave with a Mach number M ≈ 1.3. The experiments are carried out in an air shock tube. The working gases are air, SF6, and He. The flow structure is recorded by a schlieren method with laser illumination. The data on the nature of turbulent mixing in two-dimensional flows are obtained.

The paper discloses a new approach to emerging technologies identification, which strongly relies on capacity of big data analysis, namely text mining augmented by syntactic analysis techniques. It discusses the wide context of the task of identifying emerging technologies in a systemic and timely manner, including its place in the methodology of foresight and future-oriented technology analysis, its use in horizon scanning exercises, as well as its relation to the field of technology landscape mapping and tech mining. The concepts of technology, emerging technology, disruptive technology and other related terms are assessed from the semantic point of view. Existing approaches to technology identification and technology landscape mapping (in wide sense, including entity linking and ontology-building for the purposes of effective STI policy) are discussed, and shortcomings of currently available studies on emerging technologies in agriculture and food sector (A&F) are analyzed. The opportunities of the new big-data-augmented methodology are shown in comparison to existing results, both globally and in Russia. As one of the practical results of the study, the integrated ontology of currently emerging technologies in A&F sector is introduced. The directions and possible criteria of further enhancement and refinement of proposed methodology are contemplated, with special attention to use of bigger volumes of data, machine learning and ontology-mining / entity linking techniques for the maximum possible automation of the analytical work in the discussed field. The practical implication of the new approach in terms of its effectiveness and efficiency for evidence-based STI policy and corporate strategic planning are shortly summed up as well.

Results of the ecostratigraphic analysis using statistical data handling of radiolarian fauna from the sections of holes 434, 434A, 434B firstly allow us: 1) to identify the stratigraphic succession and some hiatuses in the hemipelagic sedimentation, 2) to determine the age of basal layers of the sedimentary cover as an Oligocene-Early Miocene boundary. These results present a new data on the age and environmental conditions of the formation of the sedimentary cover on the landward slope of the Japanese Trench. The “layers with radiolarians” correspond to previously established areas. The boundaries of “layers with radiolarians” marked by radiometric dates obtained on sections of the Japan Sea on transect: holes 436, 439 and 584. These results revealed the periodicity of the sedimentation process.

Microbiocenosis of the intestine and activity of hydrolytic enzymes in saliva and feces of infants treated with antibiotics have been studied. It has been established that 100 % of the examined children had intestinal dysbacteriosis of different degrees. After a course of treatment with traditional dry probiotics and liquid synbiotics with pectin, positive dynamics in restoration of the disturbed microflora was observed. It has been shown that during an analysis of dysbacteriosis correction effectiveness, it is desirable to carry out enzymological assessment of feces, which presents dynamics of restoration of functional activity of the intestinal normal flora.

Introduction of coefficients defining the relationship of the radii of curvature of the surfaces of concentric optical systems, allowed the transformation of the obtained analytical relations in a system of two equations with two unknowns. It is shown that the existence of the solution of the system of equations determined by the optical constants of the selected lens material. The results of the analysis of the conditions of the chromatic aberration correction position and the sequence of obtaining of the system equations define the theoretical basis of the engineering method of parametric synthesis of concentric lens systems. Application of the developed method is illustrated by examples of calculation particular systems design build.

With the use of whole genome sequencing, the taxonomic status of Lactobacillus fermentum 90 TC-4 strain from Russian collections were studied. Complex analysis of phenotypical and genetic properties was conducted using phenotypic and molecular genetic methods. The main characteristics of the genome and biochemical activity profile of the strain were determined. A comparative analysis of the mass spectrum of ribosomal proteins of the strain, its biochemical properties, a fragment of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the entire genome revealed that the present strain belongs to the species L. fermentum, confirming its taxonomic status in accordance with modern taxonomy.

Mature hybrids between chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta and pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, which were identified by an intermediate colour pattern, were caught at the Kurilsky Hatchery, Iturup Island, Russia. Most of them were female and 3 years old (a partial freshwater year and 2 marine years), which is intermediate between the ages of maturity of the parental species. The hybrids exceed both parental species in the rate of growth, are large in size and robust and might successfully compete for mating in the wild or be chosen for artificial reproduction. The ratio of the scale length over width, R, is oblate (R 1), whereas scales of the parental species are prolate (R 1). From scale analyses, the c.v. in body size of hybrid females at the second marine year is twice that of O. keta, which suggests developmental instability in the hybrid. A dynamic model predicted that continuing hybridization at a low rate does not produce a substantial hybrid load due to selection against advanced-generation hybrids and backcrosses. A high hybridization rate, however, may be an additional risk for genetic management and should be taken into account in programmes of artificial reproduction of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp., although such hybrids might have commercial use in confined production systems.

The results of the analysis of dimensions and aberration properties of an optical system with three thin components, which is equivalent to an optical system consisting of three reflecting surfaces without an intermediate image, are presented. An engineering method for designing optical systems of a three-mirror flat-field anastigmat (plananastigmat) optical system was developed and described.