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Rapidly spreading outbreak of the novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is causing serious health concerns worldwide. It started as an epidemic in Wuhan, Hubei province, central China, and has now become a pandemic, spreading over most of the continents of the planet. The major clinical symptoms of the infection are dry cough, fever, pneumonia, respiratory failure, hypoxia, and in certain cases, even death. Alveolar damage and respiratory system failure are observed in severe cases. Initial mild infection leads to activation of the immune system in the lungs and accumulation of various inflammatory cells and molecules. At a later phase during the infection, a “cytokine storm” causes an Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), leading to an increase in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, migration of a large number of immune cells to the site of infection, and ultimately pulmonary damage. The rapid and uncontrolled outbreak requires putative therapeutic drugs for treatment of patients suffering from COVID-19. Amongst the currently used antiviral drugs, such as hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, remdesivir etc. we would like to present an update on another effective drug, pentoxifylline. Pentoxifylline has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-viral, and bronchodilatory properties. Pentoxifylline is known to reduce cytokine production, immune cell migration, and suppress certain signal transduction pathways (e.g. NF-κβ and STAT3). Thus, it minimizes inflammatory damage in the lung tissues.

Aims To characterize the mechanisms by which bacteria in the peanut rhizosphere promote plant growth and suppress Aspergillus niger, the fungus that causes collar rot of peanut. Methods and results 131 isolates cultured from the peanut rhizosphere were assayed for growth promotion in a seedling germination assay. The most effective isolate, RR18, was identified as Burkholderia sp. by 16S sequencing analysis. RR18 reduced collar rot disease incidence and increased the germination rate and biomass of peanut seeds, and had broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Quantitative analyses showed that RR18 induced long-lasting accumulation of jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and phenols, and triggered the activity of six defense enzymes related to these changes. Comparative proteomic analysis of treated and untreated seedlings revealed a clear induction of four abundant proteins, including a member of the pre-chorismate pathway, a regulator of clathrin-coated vesicles, a transcription factor, and a hypothetical protein. Conclusion Burkholderia sp. RR18 promotes peanut growth and disease resistance, and stably induces two distinct defense pathways associated with systemic resistance. Significance and impact of the study This study demonstrates that a strain of the Burkholderia cepacia complex can elicit both salicylic and jasmonic-acid mediated defenses, in addition to having numerous other beneficial properties.

Osmium (IV) complexes with pyrazole nucleus containing ligands were synthesized. Os(IV) compounds were characterized using ESI-MS, ICP-OES, IR spectroscopy, electronic spectroscopy, conductance, and magnetic measurements. Whereas, ligands were characterized by heteronuclear spectroscopy, (1H and 13C), IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. All the compounds were tested for their potential to interact with HS-DNA by absorption titration, fluorescence spectroscopy, viscosity measurement, and docking study. The quenching constant and Stern Volmer constant values were calculated using fluorescence study. The synthesized compounds were studied for in-vitro bacteriostatic and cytotoxic activities. The cancer cell line studies of all the synthesized complexes were carried out on human lung cancer cells (A549). Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15257770.2021.1921795 .

Synthesized ligands and complexes, [Au(Ln)Cl2]Cl, have been characterized by various techniques such as elemental analysis, LC-MS, FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, conductance measurement and magnetic moments measurement. The experimental results show that complexes exhibit higher antibacterial activity against Gram(+ve) and Gram(-ve) microorganisms than free ligands. The in vitro cytotoxicity and cellular level cytotoxicity suggest that Au(III) complexes show better activity than corresponding ligands. The DNA interaction study has been evaluated using absorption titration. The experimental evidence indicates (Kb = 1.08-3.44 • 105 M-1) that all the complexes have been bind to HS-DNA by intercalation mode. To further verify the nature of interaction viscosity measurement and molecular modeling have been carried out which suggest the intercalation binding between complex and DNA. The Schizosaccharomyces pombe cell DNA cleavage has been performed using agarose gel and their photographic images of complexes show smearing of DNA due to DNA cleavage from the nucleus.

This study aimed to screen phytobeneficial Pseudomonas sp. from the rhizosphere of Coffea arabica L. capable of antagonizing Colletotrichum gloeosporioids (Penzig) Sacco and Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. A total of 40 Pseudomonas were isolated and checked for their antagonistic activity by dual culture techniques. The isolate named as PT11 showed maximum inhibition of Colletotrichum gloeosporioids (70%) and Fusarium oxysporum (72%) (P

Benzothiazole analogues are of interest due to their potential activity against malarial and microbial infections. In search of suitable antimicrobial and antimalarial agents, we report here the synthesis, characterization and biological activities of benzothiazole analogues ( J 1-J 10 ). The molecules were characterized by IR, Mass, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and elemental analysis. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was investigated against pathogenic strains; the results were explained with the help of DFT and PM6 molecular orbital calculations. In vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the molecules were studied against S. pombe cells. In vitro antimalarial activity was studied. The active compounds J 1, J 2, J 3, J 5 and J 6 were further evaluated for enzyme inhibition efficacy against the receptor Pf-DHFR, computational and in vitro studies were carried out to examine their candidatures as lead dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors.

A number of drugs as well as lead molecules are isolated from natural sources. Phytol is one of such lead molecule belongs to terpenes group distributed widely in medicinal plants. In the present work, we investigated the cytotoxic behavior of phytol on human lung carcinoma cells (A549). Phytol was found to cause characteristic apoptotic morphological changes and generation of ROS in A549 cells. The mechanism of phytol involved the activation of TRAIL, FAS and TNF-α receptors along with caspase 9 and 3. In silico molecular docking studies revealed that phytol has a good binding affinity with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), which is known to promote tumor proliferation. The ability of phytol to become potential drug candidate has been revealed from the pharmacokinetic study performed in the present study.

Despite the introduction of many novel therapeutics in clinical practice, metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains a treatment-resistant cancer. As red and processed meat are considered risk factors for RCC, and a vegetable-rich diet is thought to reduce this risk, research into plant-based therapeutics may provide valuable complementary or alternative therapeutics for the management of RCC. Herein, we present the antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects of maslinic acid, which occurs naturally in edible plants, particularly in olive fruits, and also in a variety of medicinal plants. Human RCC cell lines (ACHN, Caki-1, and SN12K1), endothelial cells (human umbilical vein endothelial cell line [HUVEC]), and primary cultures of kidney proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTEC) were treated with maslinic acid. Maslinic acid was relatively less toxic to PTEC when compared with RCC under similar experimental conditions. In RCC cell lines, maslinic acid induced a significant reduction in proliferation, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and colony formation. In HUVEC, maslinic acid induced a significant reduction in capillary tube formation in vitro and vascular endothelial growth factor. This study provides a rationale for incorporating a maslinic acid–rich diet either to reduce the risk of developing kidney cancer or as an adjunct to existing antiangiogenic therapy to improve efficacy.

Novel series of 2-morpholinoquinoline scaffolds (6a-n), containing the 1,2,4-oxadiazole and moiety, was designed and synthesized in good yield (76–86%). The synthesized compounds were screened for their preliminary in vitro antimicrobial activity against a panel of pathogenic strains of bacteria and fungi. Molecular docking and pharmacokinetic study were carried out for the prepared compounds. The cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds was tested at different concentrations using bioassay of S. pombe cells at the cellular level. The effect of synthesized compounds on the DNA integrity of S. pombe was observed on agarose gel. Compounds 6d, 6e, 6g, 6h, 6j and 6n exhibited excellent antimicrobial potency as compared to the standard drugs (i.e Ampicillin, Norfloxacin, Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin). Compounds 6d, 6e, 6g, 6k and 6n were found to have significant antifungal activity as compared to griseofulvin. Compounds 6f, 6i, 6k, 6l were found very less cytotoxic, while compounds 6d, 6e, 6g, 6h were found to exhibit maximum toxicity. The rest of the synthesized compounds were found to be moderately toxic.

Background: Over the past three decades, the clinical presentation of HIV infection of the Central Nervous System (CNS) has evolved. Prior to wide spread use of effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), more than a third of infected individuals exhibited a range of neurocognitive and motor deficits that frequently progressed to severe dementia and paralysis. However, the use of ART has significantly decreased the prevalence of severe forms of HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Studies of neurocognitive dysfunction have reported variable prevalence, ranging from 21% to 77.6%, defined primarily by mild to moderate neurocognitive impairment. HIV-associated chronic inflammation and associated neurotoxicity of long term ART, as well as the aging of the HIV-infected population, likely influence the pathogenesis of HAND. Despite significant research efforts directed towards a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying HIV neuropathogenesis, definitive causal pathophysiology of HAND and thus effective prevention or treatment remain elusive. Furthermore, HIV therapeutic research now includes efforts to effect a cure, by eliminating or silencing HIV within infected cells, which must include efforts to target the latently infected cells within the CNS. Conclusion: Prevention and treatment of the neurological complications of HIV, and eradication of persistent virus from the CNS compartment are major priorities for the HIV-CNS research. Here we give an overview of the progress of research on HIV-CNS disease, define new challenges and research areas, and highlight domestic and global priorities.

Introduction. Phalsa (Grewia asiatica L.) fruit has limited marketability due to its high degree of perishability, which leads to extensive postharvest losses. In view of the short postharvest shelf life and perishable nature of the fruit, this study aimed to determine the efficacy of salicylic acid (SA) or sodium benzoate (SB) alone or in combination with calcium chloride (CaCl2 ) treatments for improving the shelf life and quality of phalsa fruit. Materials and methods. Phalsa fruits dipped for 15 min in solutions of T1 = SA 2 mM, T2 = SA 2 mM + CaCl2 1%, T3 = SB 0.1% and T4 = SB 0.1% + CaCl2 1% were stored at two different temperatures, low temperature (10 ± 1°C) and room temperature (25 ± 1°C), while the untreated fruit served as control.Results and discussion. The treatments of 0.1% sodium benzoate (T3) and salicylic acid 2 mM + calcium chloride 1% (T2) were found to be effective in enhancing antioxidants and bioactive compounds such as ascorbic acid, total anthocyanins, etc. These treatments also increased total phenolics inhibited polyphenol oxidase activity and reduced the microbial load in phalsa fruit stored at low as well as room temperature. Conclusion. The treatment of 0.1% sodium benzoate could increase the shelf life of phalsa fruit to 14 days in low temperature storage conditions as compared with only 7 days in the control.

A series of substituted quinoline derivatives were synthesized via the Friedlander condensation reaction, using substituted 2-aminobenzophenone with 2-acetyl pyridine or 2-acetyl thiophene in the presence of sodium methoxide. The series of substituted quinoline based organometallic ruthenium complexes of the type [(Cp*)Ru(Ln)Cl]·Cl (where, Cp* = the pentamethylcyclopentadienyl ring, Ln = L1–7 = quinoline ligands) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, electronic spectra, conductance measurements, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and mass spectrometry. They are known as piano stool complexes, due to the similarity of their structures to a piano stool, and the metal centre is coordinated by a pentamethylcyclopentadienyl ring, chlorido ligand and chelating quinoline ligand. All the compounds were investigated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against five different bacterial strains, and their interaction with herring sperm (HS) DNA; absorption titration (Kb = 0.34–6.25 × 105 L mol−1) and viscosity measurements were also carried out. From the studies, we conclude that the complexes display the classical intercalative mode of DNA binding. The DNA-binding properties of all the compounds were also examined theoretically, using a molecular docking study, which proved the intercalation binding mode between compounds and nucleotide base pairs of HS DNA. The capability of the compounds to cleave pUC19 DNA was examined by chemical nuclease activity. The results indicate that the ruthenium complexes promote the cleavage of plasmid DNA more effectively than the respective quinoline ligands. All the compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity activity against S. pombe cells at the cellular level and exhibited enhanced activity against S. pombe cells, compared to the quinoline ligands. All synthesized compounds were also evaluated for their in vitro antimalarial activity [50% inhibition concentration (IC50) = 0.55–1.84 mg L−1] against the Plasmodium falciparum strain, as well as in vitro cytotoxic activity [50% lethal concentration (LC50) = 5.64–119.67 mg L−1] against brine shrimp (Artemia cysts) eggs.

Low-spin IrIII organometallic half-sandwich complexes of type [(η5-C5Me5)Ir(XY)Cl]+ (XY = bipyrazoles (4a–4b)/pyrimidin-2-amines (5a–5b)/triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines (6a–6b)) have been synthesized and characterized. All the newly synthesized compounds have been evaluated for their DNA binding properties with calf thymus (CT DNA), which revealed enhancement in the binding constant (Kb) of the complexes. The compounds bearing an imidazole substituent proved to be better binders than compounds containing a phenoxy linkage. Molecular docking attests that π–π stacking interactions have been observed between the receptor and the compounds. Furthermore, the observed DNA cleavage potency has been ascribed to a multitarget mechanism of action of these compounds. Intriguingly, the chelation of ligands with IrIII led to a remarkable enhancement of antibacterial activity against the arbitrarily selected two Gram +ve and three Gram −ve bacterial strains. The complexes of triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines proved to be the most cytotoxic compounds towards brine shrimp and S. pombe cells compared to pyrazole-containing heterocyclic frameworks. All complexes showed potent cytotoxicity as compared to the ligands, with IC50 values ranging from 78 to 234 μM toward A549 human lung cancer cells. The potency of the compounds toward these cancer cells was in the order pyrimidin-2-amines > bipyrazoles > triazolopyrimidines.

Medicinal plants possess a wide range of secondary metabolites and most of these secondary metabolites have their own importance in the field of medicine. Abutilon indicum is widely used as a medicinal plant in the Indian system of medicine. In the present study, we have evaluated the apoptosis inducing ability of leaf extract of A. indicum. Hydromethanolic leaf extract showed cytotoxicity on Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells by affecting the growth and viability. Phytochemical analysis of the extract revealed the presence of secondary metabolites. A 2D TLC method was used for the separation of the active cytotoxic compound. A HPTLC method was used for the quantification of the bioactive compound. A GC-HRMS method was employed for the identification of the active principle as phytol, which was found to be responsible for inducing ROS mediated apoptosis in S. pombe.

Cellular ESCRT machinery plays pivotal role in HIV-1 budding and release. Extracellular stimuli that modulate HIV-1 egress are currently unknown. We found that CCL2 induced by HIV-1 clade B (HIV-1B) infection of macrophages enhanced virus production, while CCL2 immuno-depletion reversed this effect. Additionally, HIV-1 clade C (HIV-1C) was refractory to CCL2 levels. We show that CCL2-mediated increase in virus production requires Gag late motif LYPX present in HIV-1B, but absent in HIV-1C, and ALIX protein that recruits ESCRT III complex. CCL2 immuno-depletion sequestered ALIX to F-actin structures, while CCL2 addition mobilized it to cytoplasm facilitating Gag-ALIX binding. The LYPX motif improves virus replication and its absence renders the virus less fit. Interestingly, novel variants of HIV-1C with PYRE/PYKE tetrapeptide insertions in Gag-p6 conferred ALIX binding, CCL2-responsiveness and enhanced virus replication. These results, for the first time, indicate that CCL2 mediates ALIX mobilization from F-actin and enhances HIV-1 release and fitness.

Jamun (Syzygium cumin L.) is a minor indigenous underexploited and perishable fruit of India. Keeping its perishability in mind, the present study is aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of zein-based coatings enriched with cystein (0.2 %), ascorbic acid (0.2 %), and jamun leaves extract (JLE) (0.2 %) and to evaluate their interactive effects on shelf life and quality of fresh jamun fruits during storage at 10 ± 2 °C for 2 weeks. The results of the present study demonstrated that during storage, uncoated fruit had rapid weight loss, higher decay incidence, high accumulation of sugars, and accelerated softening and ripening than that of all the coated fruit. The content of antioxidants was found to be improved in zein-coated fruits enriched with ascorbic acid (0.2 %) and JLE (0.2 %) and, therefore, exhibited higher antioxidant activity. Moreover, the delayed activity of polygalacturonase (PG) and pectate lyase (PL) was noticed in fruits coated with zein + cystein and zein + JLE and maintained firmness and textural quality of fruit. Consequently, the shelf life of jamun fruit treated with the presently tested coating materials could be extended up to 20 days, while that of control fruit was only 10 days.

The effect of the hot water (i.e. 45 °C and 50 °C) with six different combination treatments of 2 mM salicylic acid and 1% calcium chloride on the qualitative properties of custard apples stored at 25–27 °C (60–70% R.H.) were investigated at a regular interval of 2 days under the present conditions. The biochemical analyses of the custard apples of the experimental set revealed that they retained the higher amount of ascorbic acid and showed delay in their ripening as compared to that of the fruits of the control set. The fruits treated by the hot water treatment (45 °C) were effective in the maintenance of the lower activity of some of the enzymes responsible for the cell wall degradation and softening. Among all of the treatments tested under the current study, the treatment of 50 °C + 2 mM salicylic acid and 1% calcium chloride could preserve the custard apples for up to 8 days as compared to only 4 days of the untreated custard apples.

Collar rot disease due to A. niger in ground nut plants causes a great loss in yield. Using a PGPR isolated from the field of same plants, we aimed to study effect on control of this disease as well as to study effect on seed germination and development of Induced systemic resistance in germinated seedlings. Different strain of bacteria were isolated and screened for their plant growth promoting activity. Selected bacterium was used for induction of systemic resistance in A. hypogaea L. against A. niger and identified using 16 s rRNA gene and FAME analysis. A bacterium with plant growth promoting and antagonistic activity against A. niger was screened from the 25 bacteria isolated from the rhizospheric soil. It could reduce the incidence of collar rot disease by 66 % in plants. The bacterium could also induce systemic resistance in ground nut seedlings. Based on ez taxon BLAST results of its 16 s rRNA gene, biochemical tests for identification and FAME analysis, it was confirmed as a novel strain of Pseudomonas guariconensis (strain mungfali). A novel, agriculturally useful strain of P. guariconensis capable of controlling collar rot in A. hypogaea L., producing phytohormones and solubilizing N, P, K and Zn was found and named as strain mungfali.

A series of nine new biologically active Schiff bases 5a–i were synthesized by a condensation of 4-acyl-5-pyrazolones 3a–c with aromatic diamines 4a–d, and characterized by elemental analysis, mass and spectroscopic data. All the compounds showed antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli, good antifungal activity against Phytophthora infestanse and Aspergillus niger, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP).

A series of 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazolines based homoleptic Ru(III) complexes of type [Ru(L1–7)3]·(PF6)3 (L1–7 = pyrazoline ligands) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, electronic spectroscopy, conductance measurements, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LC-MS). Octahedral geometry around ruthenium has been assigned in all complexes using EPR and electronic spectral analysis. All complexes have been investigated for their interaction with Herring Sperm (HS) DNA utilizing an absorption titration (Kb = 2.42–6.07 × 105 M−1) and viscosity measurement study. The studies suggest the classical intercalative mode of binding. The DNA-binding property of the Ru(III) complexes was also investigated theoretically using a molecular docking study and suggests an intercalation binding mode between the complex and nucleotide base pairs. A cleavage study on pUC19 DNA has been performed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The results indicated that the Ru(III) complexes can more effectively promote the cleavage of plasmid DNA. The free ligands and their complexes have been evaluated for cytotoxicity activity against S. pombe cells at a cellular level. A comparative study of cellular level cytotoxicity values of the all compounds indicates that the metal complexes show better activity against S. pombe cells compared to the pyrazoline ligands. The complexes have been screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against two Gram(+ve) and three Gram(−ve) microorganisms. Ru(III) complexes are good in vitro cytotoxic agents and 50% lethal concentration (LC50) values are in range of 5.296–7.925 μg mL−1. All newly synthesized Ru(III) complexes have been also evaluated for their in vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum strain [inhibition concentration (IC50) = 0.54–0.92 μg mL−1].

Fifty halotolerant bacterial strains were isolated from the alkaline saline soil from the Ajod village of Vadodara district of Gujarat. All strains grew well in media supplemented with 5 % NaCl, but two strains (BR5 and BN7) could grow even at 18 % NaCl concentration. These two strains were characterized for their plant growth promoting characteristics. Both the strains were able to solubilize significant amount of phosphate and produce IAA. Both the strains also showed nitrogen fixing, siderophore production and antifungal properties against root rot pathogen of Vigna. radiata L., Fusarium sp. Potential of these halotolerant bacteria to ameliorate salt stress in V. radiata L. plants grown in saline soil inoculated with these bacteria was assessed. Both halotolerant bacteria were found to increase germination percentage, root length and shoot length compared to un inoculated control plants. Both these cultures were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing and BLAST analysis, among which, BR5 showed 99 % similarity with Bacillus subtilis and BN7 showed 99 % similarity with B. megaterium.

Lipoxygenase oxidizes linoleic acid into hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid (HPOD), which is important in food and flavour industries for production of bread and flavouring compounds. As Lasiodiplodia theobromae is an unexplored, good source of lipoxygenase, it was purified from it by size-exclusion (Sephadex G100) and ion-exchange (DEAE-cellulose) chromatography and characterized. Upon purification, L. theobromae was found to contain two different lipoxygenases, one of 93 kDa (LOX1) and another of 45 kDa (LOX2). Both the isoenzymes were having optimum pH 6.0 and optimum temperatures 50 and 40 °C, respectively. The catalytic efficiency of LOX1 and LOX2 was found to be 1300 and 1.67 × 10(9), respectively. The catalytic efficiency of LOX2 is higher than the catalytic efficiency of soya bean LOX1 that is 10.9 × 10(6). Both the isoenzymes of LOX oxidized linoleic acid to produce 9-HPOD and 13-HPOD both; however, LOX1 produced more of 9-HPOD and LOX2 produced more of 13-HPOD. Both the LOXes were not inhibited by jasmonic acid. Addition of LOX1 and LOX2 altered the elasticity as well as viscosity of dough prepared from bleached wheat flour.

Bis -aryloxadiazoles are common scaffolds in medicinal chemistry due to their wide range of biological activities. Previously, we identified a 1,2,4-bis-aryloxadiazole that blocks mammary branching morphogenesis through activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). In addition to defects in mammary differentiation, AHR stimulation induces toxicity in many other tissues. We performed a structure activity relationship (SAR) study of 1,2,4-bis-aryloxadiazole to determine which moieties of the molecule are critical for AHR activation. We validated our results with a functional biological assay, using desmosome formation during mammary morphogenesis to indicate AHR activity. These findings will aid the design of oxadiazole derivative therapeutics with reduced off-target toxicity profiles.

Introduction . Our investigation aimed to examine the influence of eco-friendly edible coatings composed of sodium alginate, olive oil and green tea extract (GTE) on improving the shelf life and nutritional quality of carambola (A. carambola L.). Materials and methods . The combinations and concentrations of composite coatings tested were (2% sodium alginate + 0.1% olive oil) (T1), (2% sodium alginate + 0.2% olive oil) (T2) and (2% sodium alginate + 0.1% olive oil + 0.25% GTE) (T3), while the untreated fruit served as control (T4) and were stored at (25 ± 5) °C and (65 ± 5)% RH. All the stored fruit were subjected to physico-chemical and biochemical analysis at regular intervals of 4 days up to 16 days of their storage period. Results and discussion . Weight loss and decay occurrence were least in the fruit treated with T1 and T2 as compared with those of T3 and uncoated fruit (T4). The contents of total soluble solids, total sugars and changes in pigments were found to be least in fruit treated with T1 followed by those treated with T2 and T3. The addition of GTE (T3) to treated fruit during the storage helped enhance the antioxidants such as total phenols and ascorbic acid. Conclusion . The composite edible coatings tested in our study enhanced the shelf life of coated carambola fruit, i.e ., thirteen days for T1, sixteen days for T2, fourteen days for T3 and twelve days for control or untreated fruit (T4); the nutritional quality of carambola was enhanced with the treatment of edible coating containing GTE.