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54. Synthesis and biosynthesis of isocordoin

Author

Vitali, Alberto, Ferrari, Franco, Delle Monache, Giuliano, Bombardelli, Ezio, Botta, Bruno, and Castagnola, Massimo

Subjects
isocordoina, sintesi, biosintesi, Settore BIO/10 - BIOCHIMICA
Published
2001

56. Top‐down HPLC–ESI‐MS characterization of rat gliadoralin A, a new member of the family of rat submandibular gland glutamine‐rich proteins and potential substrate of transglutaminase

Author

Cabras, Tiziana, primary, Iavarone, Federica, additional, Pirolli, Davide, additional, Cristina De Rosa, Maria, additional, Vitali, Alberto, additional, Faa, Gavino, additional, Cordaro, Massimo, additional, Messana, Irene, additional, Ekström, Jörgen, additional, and Castagnola, Massimo, additional

Published
2013
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57. pH-dependent disruption ofEscherichia coliATCC 25922 and model membranes by the human antimicrobial peptides hepcidin 20 and 25

Author

Maisetta, Giuseppantonio, primary, Vitali, Alberto, additional, Scorciapino, Mariano A., additional, Rinaldi, Andrea C., additional, Petruzzelli, Raffaele, additional, Brancatisano, Franca L., additional, Esin, Semih, additional, Stringaro, Annarita, additional, Colone, Marisa, additional, Luzi, Carla, additional, Bozzi, Argante, additional, Campa, Mario, additional, and Batoni, Giovanna, additional

Published
2013
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58. Structural and functional studies on a proline-rich peptide isolated from swine saliva endowed with antifungal activity towards Cryptococcus neoformans

Author

Conti, Stefania, primary, Radicioni, Giorgia, additional, Ciociola, Tecla, additional, Longhi, Renato, additional, Polonelli, Luciano, additional, Gatti, Rita, additional, Cabras, Tiziana, additional, Messana, Irene, additional, Castagnola, Massimo, additional, and Vitali, Alberto, additional

Published
2013
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59. Antagonistic Effect of a Salivary Proline-Rich Peptide on the Cytosolic Ca2+ Mobilization Induced by Progesterone in Oral Squamous Cancer Cells.

Author

Palmerini, Carlo Alberto, Mazzoni, Michela, Radicioni, Giorgia, Marzano, Valeria, Granieri, Letizia, Iavarone, Federica, Longhi, Renato, Messana, Irene, Cabras, Tiziana, Sanna, Maria Teresa, Castagnola, Massimo, and Vitali, Alberto

Subjects
SALIVARY glands, PROLINE, DRUG efficacy, CYTOSOL, PEPTIDES, PROGESTERONE, SQUAMOUS cell carcinoma, PHYSIOLOGY
Abstract

A salivary proline-rich peptide of 1932 Da showed a dose-dependent antagonistic effect on the cytosolic Ca2+ mobilization induced by progesterone in a tongue squamous carcinoma cell line. Structure-activity studies showed that the activity of the peptide resides in the C-terminal region characterized by a proline stretch flanked by basic residues. Furthermore, lack of activity of the retro-inverso peptide analogue suggested the involvement of stereospecific recognition. Mass spectrometry-based shotgun analysis, combined with Western blotting tests and biochemical data obtained with the Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 (PGRMC1) inhibitor AG205, showed strong evidence that p1932 performs its modulatory action through an interaction with the progesterone receptor PGRMC1, which is predominantly expressed in this cell line and, clearly, plays a role in progesterone induced Ca2+ response. Thus, our results point to p1932 as a modulator of the transduction signal pathway mediated by this protein and, given a well-established involvement of PGRMC1 in tumorigenesis, highlight a possible therapeutic potential of p1932 for the treatment of oral cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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60. Top-down platform for deciphering the human salivary proteome

Author

Castagnola, Massimo, primary, Cabras, Tiziana, additional, Iavarone, Federica, additional, Vincenzoni, Federica, additional, Vitali, Alberto, additional, Pisano, Elisabetta, additional, Nemolato, Sonia, additional, Scarano, Emanuele, additional, Fiorita, Antonella, additional, Vento, Giovanni, additional, Tirone, Chiara, additional, Romagnoli, Costantino, additional, Cordaro, Massimo, additional, Paludetti, Gaetano, additional, Faa, Gavino, additional, and Messana, Irene, additional

Published
2012
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63. Clinical heterogeneity and diagnostic delay of autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy syndrome

Author

Mazza, Cinzia, primary, Buzi, Fabio, additional, Ortolani, Federica, additional, Vitali, Alberto, additional, Notarangelo, Lucia D., additional, Weber, Giovanna, additional, Bacchetta, Rosa, additional, Soresina, Annarosa, additional, Lougaris, Vassilios, additional, Greggio, Nella A., additional, Taddio, Andrea, additional, Pasic, Srdjan, additional, de Vroede, Monique, additional, Pac, Malgorzata, additional, Kilic, Sara Sebnem, additional, Ozden, Sanal, additional, Rusconi, Roberto, additional, Martino, Silvana, additional, Capalbo, Donatella, additional, Salerno, Mariacarolina, additional, Pignata, Claudio, additional, Radetti, Giorgio, additional, Maggiore, Giuseppe, additional, Plebani, Alessandro, additional, Notarangelo, Luigi D., additional, and Badolato, Raffaele, additional

Published
2011
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64. The Surprising Composition of the Salivary Proteome of Preterm Human Newborn

Author

Castagnola, Massimo, primary, Inzitari, Rosanna, additional, Fanali, Chiara, additional, Iavarone, Federica, additional, Vitali, Alberto, additional, Desiderio, Claudia, additional, Vento, Giovanni, additional, Tirone, Chiara, additional, Romagnoli, Costantino, additional, Cabras, Tiziana, additional, Manconi, Barbara, additional, Teresa Sanna, Maria, additional, Boi, Roberto, additional, Pisano, Elisabetta, additional, Olianas, Alessandra, additional, Pellegrini, Mariagiuseppina, additional, Nemolato, Sonia, additional, Wilhelm Heizmann, Claus, additional, Faa, Gavino, additional, and Messana, Irene, additional

Published
2011
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66. Structural characterization of a new statherin from pig parotid granules

Author

Manconi, Barbara, primary, Fanali, Chiara, additional, Cabras, Tiziana, additional, Inzitari, Rosanna, additional, Patamia, Maria, additional, Scarano, Emanuele, additional, Fiorita, Antonella, additional, Vitali, Alberto, additional, Castagnola, Massimo, additional, Messana, Irene, additional, and Teresa Sanna, Maria, additional

Published
2010
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70. Trafficking and Postsecretory Events Responsible for the Formation of Secreted Human Salivary Peptides

Author

Messana, Irene, primary, Cabras, Tiziana, additional, Pisano, Elisabetta, additional, Sanna, Maria Teresa, additional, Olianas, Alessandra, additional, Manconi, Barbara, additional, Pellegrini, Mariagiuseppina, additional, Paludetti, Gaetano, additional, Scarano, Emanuele, additional, Fiorita, Antonella, additional, Agostino, Stefania, additional, Contucci, Alessia M., additional, Calò, Lea, additional, Picciotti, Pasqualina M., additional, Manni, Armando, additional, Bennick, Anders, additional, Vitali, Alberto, additional, Fanali, Chiara, additional, Inzitari, Rosanna, additional, and Castagnola, Massimo, additional

Published
2008
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75. Capillary electrophoretic study of the binding of zinc(II) ion to bacitracin A1 in water‐2,2,2‐trifluoroethanol

Author

Castagnola, Massimo, primary, Rossetti, Diana Valeria, additional, Inzitari, Rosanna, additional, Vitali, Alberto, additional, Lupi, Alessandro, additional, Zuppi, Cecilia, additional, Cabras, Tiziana, additional, Fadda, Maria Benedetta, additional, Podda, Ilaria, additional, Petruzzelli, Raffaele, additional, Giardina, Bruno, additional, and Messana, Irene, additional

Published
2003
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76. Identification of the human salivary cystatin complex by the coupling of high-performance liquid chromatography and ion-trap mass spectrometry

Author

Lupi, Alessandro, primary, Messana, Irene, additional, Denotti, Gloria, additional, Schininà, Maria Eugenia, additional, Gambarini, Gianluca, additional, Fadda, Maria Benedetta, additional, Vitali, Alberto, additional, Cabras, Tiziana, additional, Piras, Vincenzo, additional, Patamia, Maria, additional, Cordaro, Massimo, additional, Giardina, Bruno, additional, and Castagnola, Massimo, additional

Published
2003
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77. Affinity capillary electrophoresis study of the linkage existing between proton and zinc ion binding to bacitracin A1

Author

Castagnola, Massimo, primary, Rossetti, Diana Valeria, additional, Inzitari, Rosanna, additional, Vitali, Alberto, additional, Lupi, Alessandro, additional, Zuppi, Cecilia, additional, Cabras, Tiziana, additional, Fadda, Maria Benedetta, additional, Petruzzelli, Raffaele, additional, Giardina, Bruno, additional, and Messana, Irene, additional

Published
2003
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86. Antifungal Carvacrol Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles.

Author

Vitali, Alberto, Stringaro, Annarita, Colone, Marisa, Muntiu, Alexandra, and Angiolella, Letizia

Subjects
CARVACROL, CHITOSAN, CANDIDA albicans, NANOPARTICLES, MYCOSES, ESSENTIAL oils
Abstract

The increased prevalence and incidence of fungal infections, of which Candida albicans represents one of the most life-threatening organisms, is prompting the scientific community to develop novel antifungal molecules. Many essential oils components are attracting attention for their interesting antifungal activities. Given the chemical and physical characteristics of these compounds, the use of appropriate nanodelivery systems is becoming increasingly widespread. In this study, chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using an ionic gelation procedure and loaded with the phenolic monoterpene carvacrol. After a bioassay guided optimization, the best nanoparticle formulation was structurally characterized by means of different spectroscopic (UV, FTIR and DLS) and microscopy techniques (SEM) and described for their functional features (encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity and release kinetics). The antifungal activity of this formulation was assayed with different Candida spp., both in planktonic and biofilm forms. From these studies, it emerged that the carvacrol loaded nanoparticles were particularly active against planktonic forms and that the antibiofilm activity was highly dependent on the species tested, with the C. tropicalis and C. krusei strains resulting as the most susceptible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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91. Chalcone dimethylallyltransferase from Morus nigra cell cultures. Substrate specificity studies

Author

Vitali, Alberto, Giardina, Bruno, Delle Monache, Giuliano, Rocca, Filippo, Silvestrini, Andrea, Tafi, Andrea, and Botta, Bruno

Subjects
*TRANSFERASES, *MICROSOMES, *CELL culture, *ENZYMES
Abstract

A new prenyltransferase (PT) enzyme derived from the microsomal fractions of cell cultures of Morus nigra was shown to be able to prenylate exclusively chalcones with a 2′,4′-dihydroxy substitution and the isoflavone genistein. Computational studies were performed to shed some light on the relationship between the structure of the substrate and the enzymatic activity. PT requires divalent cations, particularly Mg2+, to be effective. The apparent Km values for γ,γ-dimethylallyldiphosphate and 2′,4′-dihydroxychalcone were 63 and 142 μM, respectively. The maximum activity of the enzyme was expressed during the first 10 days of cell growth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2004
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93. A protein chimera self‐assembling unit for drug delivery.

Author

Amalfitano, Adriana, Nocca, Giuseppina, Arcovito, Alessandro, Martini, Cecilia, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Bugli, Francesca, Vitali, Alberto, Papi, Massimiliano, and De Spirito, Marco

Subjects
PROTEINS, DRUG delivery systems, CHIMERISM, RNA, NANOPARTICLES
Abstract

In the modern view of selective drug delivery of bioactive molecules, the attention is moving onto the setup of the perfect carrier more than in the optimization of the active compound. In this respect, virus‐like particles constitute bioinspired nanodevices with the intrinsic ability to transport a large class of molecules, ranging from smart drugs to small interfering RNAs. In this work, we demonstrate the efficacy of a novel construct obtained by fusing a self‐assembling protein from the human Rotavirus A, VP6, with the Small Ubiquitin Modifier domain, which maintains the ability to form nanoparticles and nanotubes and is able to be used as a drug carrier, even without specific targeting epitopes. The high expression and purification yield, combined with low toxicity of the empty particles, clearly indicate a good candidate for future studies of selective drug delivery. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 35: e2769, 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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94. Trafficking and post-secretory events responsible for the formation of secreted human salivary peptides. A proteomic approach

Author

Irene Messana, Cabras, Tiziana, Pisano, Elisabetta, Sanna, Maria Teresa, Olianas, Alessandra, Manconi, Barbara, Pellegrini, Magi, Gaetano Paludetti, Scarano, Emanuele, Fiorita, Antonella, Agostino, Stefania, Contucci, Alessia Maria, Lea CALO', Picciotti, Pasqualina Maria, Manni, Armando, Bennick, Anders, Vitali, Alberto, Fanali, Chiara, Inzitari, Rosanna, and Massimo Castagnola

Subjects
Proteomics, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, SALIVARY, Sulfates, PROTEOMIC, Molecular Sequence Data, Protein Transport, Humans, Parotid Gland, Amino Acid Sequence, Phosphorylation, Salivary Proteins and Peptides, Peptides, Saliva, Settore BIO/10 - BIOCHIMICA, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Alleles, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Abstract

To elucidate the localization of post-translational modifications of different classes of human salivary proteins and peptides (acidic and basic proline-rich proteins (PRPs), Histatins, Statherin, P-B peptide, and "S type" Cystatins) a comparative reversed phase HPLC-ESI-MS analysis on intact proteins of enriched granule preparations from parotid and submandibular glands as well as parotid, submandibular/sublingual (Sm/Sl), and whole saliva was performed. The main results of this study indicate the following. (i) Phosphorylation of all salivary peptides, sulfation of Histatin 1, proteolytic cleavages of acidic and precursor basic PRPs occur before granule storage. (ii) In agreement with previous studies, basic PRPs are secreted by the parotid gland only, whereas all isoforms of acidic PRPs (aPRPs) are secreted by both parotid and Sm/Sl glands. (iii) Phosphorylation levels of aPRPs, Histatin 1, and Statherin are higher in the parotid gland, whereas the extent of cleavage of aPRP is higher in Sm/Sl glands. (iv) O-Sulfation of tyrosines of Histatin 1 is a post-translational modification specific for the submandibular gland. (v) The concentration of Histatin 3, Histatin 5, and Histatin 6, but not Histatin 1, is higher in parotid saliva. (vi) Histatin 3 is submitted to the first proteolytic cleavage (generating Histatins 6 and 5) during granule maturation, and it occurs to the same relative extent in both glands. (vii) The proteolytic cleavages of Histatin 5 and 6, generating a cascade of Histatin 3 fragments, take place after granule secretion and are more extensive in parotid secretion. (viii) Basic PRPs are cleaved in the oral cavity by unknown peptidases, generating various small proline-rich peptides. (ix) C-terminal removal from Statherin is more extensive in parotid saliva. (x) P-B peptide is secreted by both glands, and its relative quantity is higher in submandibular/sublingual secretion. (xi) In agreement with previous studies, S type Cystatins are mainly the product of Sm/Sl glands.

95. Phytocomplex Influences Antimicrobial and Health Properties of Concentrated Glycerine Macerates

Author

Claudia Mazzuca, Paola Mattarelli, Stefania Garzoli, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Laura Micheli, Francesca Bugli, Lorenzo Barbanti, Mattia Titubante, Alberto Vitali, Margherita Gentile, Margherita Cacaci, Maura Di Vito, Di Vito, Maura, Gentile, Margherita, Mattarelli, Paola, Barbanti, Lorenzo, Micheli, Laura, Mazzuca, Claudia, Garzoli, Stefania, Titubante, Mattia, Vitali, Alberto, Cacaci, Margherita, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, and Bugli, Francesca

Subjects
Antioxidant, DPPH, medicine.medical_treatment, Carpinus betulus, Ribes, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, High-performance liquid chromatography, law.invention, Settore MED/07, chemistry.chemical_compound, Probiotic, 0302 clinical medicine, Settore CHIM/01, Settore CHIM/02, law, Ficus carica, Pharmacology (medical), General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, Concentrated Glycerine Macerates, phytocomplex, medicinal plants, antimicrobial activity, Traditional medicine, biology, Chemistry, Antimicrobial, Infectious Diseases, Carica, Settore BIO/19 - MICROBIOLOGIA GENERALE, Microbiology (medical), alnus glutinosa, carpinus betulus, ficus carica, IM-SPME/GC-MS system, ribes nigrum, Alnus glutinosa, Settore AGR/13 - Chimica Agraria, Microbiology, Settore MED/07 - MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Ribes nigrum, medicine, 010401 analytical chemistry, fungi, lcsh:RM1-950, biology.organism_classification, Settore BIO/15 - BIOLOGIA FARMACEUTICA, In vitro, 0104 chemical sciences, lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology, 030228 respiratory system
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to correlate the chemical composition of four commercial concentrated glycerine macerates (C-GMs), produced through the same extraction method, with their in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties, in order to evaluate their potential for healing upper airway diseases. C-GMs of Carpinus betulus (CB), Ficus carica (FC), Alnus glutinosa (AG) and Ribes nigrum (RN) were studied. The quality was evaluated using HPLC and IM-SPME/GC-MS systems, anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activities were assessed by the respective DPPH test, and micro-broth dilution test performed against 10 strains of Streptococcus pyogenes and 10 probiotic strains. ELISA and MTT tests were used to assess the immunomodulatory activity and the cytotoxicity of C-GMs, respectively. A significant correlation was found between the number of active compounds and the in vitro C-GMs effectiveness. Furthermore, the C-GMs of AG showed the best anti-microbial activity on pathological strains and, together with CB, the best anti-oxidant activity. The ELISA test exhibited a good immunomodulatory activity of RN. In vitro data support the integrated use of C-GMs of CB, AG, and RN in presence of airway diseases, and highlight the importance of standard procedures in cultivation, harvest and post-harvest treatments, as a premise for C-GMs with consistent characteristics.

Published
2020

96. Potent in vitro activity of citrus aurantium essential oil and vitis vinifera hydrolate against gut yeast isolates from irritable bowel syndrome patients—the right mix for potential therapeutic use

Author

Maria Grazia Bellardi, Brunella Posteraro, Manuela Sabatino, Giovanni Aragona, Antonietta Girolamo, Francesca Mondello, Paola Mattarelli, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Rino Ragno, Stefania Garzoli, Antonio Gasbarrini, G. M. Prati, Lorenzo Barbanti, Francesca Bugli, Ivana Palucci, Alberto Vitali, Maura Di Vito, Di Vito, Maura, Bellardi, Maria Grazia, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Mondello, Francesca, Girolamo, Antonietta, Barbanti, Lorenzo, Garzoli, Stefania, Sabatino, Manuela, Ragno, Rino, Vitali, Alberto, Palucci, Ivana, Posteraro, Brunella, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Prati, Gian Maria, Aragona, Giovanni, Mattarelli, Paola, and Bugli, Francesca

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Citrus, Drug Resistance, Volatile, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Gut flora, akkermansia muciniphila, candida species, citrus aurantium var. amara essential oil, saccharomyces cerevisiae, vitis vinifera cv Italia hydrolate, Saccharomyces, Antioxidants, law.invention, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Probiotic, 0302 clinical medicine, Microbial, Citrus aurantium var. amara essential oil, law, Vitis vinifera cv Italia hydrolate, Vitis, Irritable bowel syndrome, Candida, Nutrition and Dietetics, biology, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Candida species, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Akkermansia muciniphila, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Drug, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Settore BIO/19 - MICROBIOLOGIA GENERALE, lcsh:TX341-641, digestive system, Article, Settore MED/07 - MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA, Microbiology, Dose-Response Relationship, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Oils, Volatile, Humans, Essential oil, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Plant Extracts, Probiotics, Akkermansia, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Settore BIO/15 - BIOLOGIA FARMACEUTICA, Yeast, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Lactobacillus, 030104 developmental biology, Candida specie, Oils, Food Science
Abstract

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder without any pathological alteration, in which the alterations of the Candida/Saccharomyces ratio of the gut microbiota, the balance of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and the brain-gut-microbiome axis are important for the development and progression of IBS. The aim of the study was to identify natural products, including essential oils or hydrolates, which were contextually harmless for the gut beneficial strains (e.g. Saccharomyces spp.) but inhibitory for the pathogenic ones (Candida spp.). Methods: The effectiveness of 6 essential oils and 2 hydrolates was evaluated using microbiological tests, carried out on 50 clinical isolates (Candida, Saccharomyces and Galattomyces species) and 9 probiotic strains (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus species, Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii) and immunological and antioxidant assays. Results: The study led to a mixture based on a 1/100 ratio of Citrus aurantium var. amara essential oil / Vitis vinifera cv Italia hydrolate able to contextually reduce, in a concentration-dependent manner, the ability of Candida species to form hyphal filaments and have an interesting immunomodulatory and anti-oxidant action. This mixture can potentially be useful in the IBS treatment promoting the restoration of the intestinal microbial and immunological balance.

Published
2020

97. Extracellular Vesicle Molecular Profiling for Diagnostic Purposes: An Application of Phage Display Technology.

Author

Colombarolli SG, Vitali A, and Sciandra F

Subjects
Amino Acids metabolism, Membrane Proteins metabolism, Peptide Library, Peptides chemistry, Technology, Bacteriophages genetics, Bacteriophages metabolism, Extracellular Vesicles genetics, Vaccines metabolism
Abstract

Phage display is a molecular biology cloning technique that allows the expression of genes of interest along with the phage surface protein. The technique described for the following method used a genomic library for the expression of peptides composed of 12 amino acids, with the objective of selecting peptides which presented specific affinity to the molecules of interest. As a target, purified extracellular vesicles from cell cultures of cells 5637 and RT4 were chosen, which in turn have enormous application and can help to understand the functioning of bladder cancer, allowing the development of new vaccines, drugs, therapies, and diagnoses., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Published
2023
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98. Beta2-strand of salivary S cystatins: a "chemeleon sequence".

Author

Vitali A, Carelli Alinovi C, De Rosa MC, and Petruzzelli R

Subjects
Amino Acid Sequence, Humans, Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Peptide Fragments chemistry, Protein Structure, Secondary, Sequence Alignment, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Salivary Cystatins chemistry
Abstract

Secondary structure prediction of salivary cystatins S, SA, and SN carried out by several methods label the 39-58 sequence (beta2-strand) as predominantly alpha-helical. The helical propensity of a peptide corresponding to beta2-strand of salivary SA cystatin analyzed by CD display high helical propensity in aqueous solution, whereas peptides matching the beta2-strand amino acid sequence of cystatins S and SN, display random coil conformation in aqueous solution but acquire alpha-helical conformation in the presence of trifluoroethanol (TFE). Moreover molecular dynamics simulation performed on the homology modeling of cystatin SA constructed on the basis of recently determined three-dimensional structure of salivary cystatin D, suggests that cystatin SA does not significantly deviate from the starting structure over the course of the simulation. The results obtained indicate that the beta2-strand of salivary S cystatins has high helical propensity when isolated from native protein and acquire the final beta structure by interaction with the rest of the polypeptide chain.

Published
2009
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