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A novel nitrogen-doped porous carbon loaded with LaFeO 3 (NC@LaFeO 3) was prepared using polypyrrole (PPy)-functionalized waste medical masks as the carbon precursor and then applied as a highly efficient catalyst to construct peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-induced advanced oxidation process for removal of tetracycline (TC) in water. The results showed that N-doped porous carbon derived from PPy-functionalized waste medical masks could be used as a good carrier for LaFeO 3. The as-prepared NC@LaFeO 3 exhibited synergistic effects and showed excellent catalytic performances, in which 99.9 % of TC could be removed within 20 min at catalyst dosage of 0.4 g/L, PMS concentration of 5.0 mmol/L and initial TC concentration of 10 mg/L at natural pH. The incorporation of LaFeO 3 into nitrogen-doped carbon not only demonstrated broad pH applicability (4.0–10.0) and good resistance to inorganic anions, but also improved the cycling stability and reusability with removal efficiency of TC maintaining at 87.6 % after 5 cycles. Superoxide radical (O 2 •−) was the leading reactive oxygen species, and both free radical and non-free radical pathways were all involved in TC degradation. Combined with XPS spectra, free radical quenching experiments, EPR analysis and the identification of degradation intermediates, the possible mechanisms and pathways of TC degradation by NC@LaFeO 3 /PMS system were proposed. This study presented a viable approach to construct high-efficiency carbon-based catalyst from waste medical masks for water pollution control and remediation, which could accomplish the dual purposes of turning waste into treasure and using waste to treat waste. [Display omitted] • N-doped porous carbon derived from waste medical masks as a good support for LaFeO 3. • Advanced oxidation process was constructed by NC@LaFeO 3 and PMS for TC degradation. • NC@LaFeO 3 exhibited enhanced catalytic performances and structure stability. • The components in NC@LaFeO 3 could co-catalyze PMS to enhance TC degradation. • NC@LaFeO 3 /PMS system had high mineralization efficiency for TC removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The NBC for Pb(Ⅱ) removal was prepared by pyrolysis of N-rich WSP. • The presence of MDI resulted in N loading and improved pore structure. • 7NBC-5 exhibited superior removal capacity towards Pb(Ⅱ) (205.76 mg/g). • 7NBC-5 regenerated by NaOH exhibited good recycling ability after four cycles. • 7NBC-5 showed high uptake supported by oxygen groups, pyridinic N and graphitic N. Converting agricultural waste into biochar through pyrolysis toward water pollution remediation fully embodies the "waste control by waste". Herein, the N-rich waste straw particleboard was converted into N-doped biochar (NBC) as Pb(Ⅱ) adsorbent by one-step pyrolysis. Results showed that the presence of 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) successfully introduced N heteroatoms (pyridinic N, pyrrolic N, and graphitic N) and promoted the formation of pore structure. The obtained 7NBC-5 exhibited promising adsorption performance for Pb(Ⅱ) with maximum adsorption capacity of 204.66 mg/g, and high tolerance to various co-existing ions. Moreover, the adsorption efficiency of Pb(Ⅱ) by 7NBC-5 remained consistent at approximately 81.5 % after four successive adsorption–desorption cycles, showing good reuse performance. The adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ) on 7NBC-5 was well described by Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, implying that the Pb(Ⅱ) was adsorbed onto 7NBC-5 by monolayer, and chemisorption was the main rate-limiting step. The mechanism of Pb(Ⅱ) adsorbed on 7NBC-5 involved electrostatic attraction, surface complexation, pore filling, cation-π interactions, and ion exchange. N doping significantly enhances the complexation and cation-π interaction between 7NBC-5 and Pb(Ⅱ). This study proposes a method to simultaneously address the issues of waste resource utilization and heavy metal pollution in a non-harmful manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymeric membranes have garnered remarkable attention, attributed to the significant breakthrough in the filtration of oily wastewater. However, the major setbacks of pristine polymeric membranes include susceptibility to fouling and chemical instability. Addressing such issues, this work focusses in the modification of polymer membranes using a metal oxyhalide, such as Bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl). This modification not only enhances water purification capabilities but also strengthens the membrane, protecting it from environmental deterioration and extending its lifespan. BiOCl was integrated into an electrospun pristine nanofibrous polymeric membrane using hydrothermal technique. The synthesized membrane matrix displayed superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity, effectively separating oil-in-water mixtures and emulsions. Moreover, BiOCl was effectively utilized to assess organic pollutant adsorption and degradation through photocatalysis. In addition, the membrane exhibited exceptional recyclability and withstood harsh conditions, contributing to its mechanical stability. The numerous advantages, enhance the effectiveness of BiOCl modified membrane in water pollution remediation. • The BiOCl-PVDF membrane exhibited excellent superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity. • The BiOCl-PVDF membrane productively separated oil/water mixtures and emulsions. • The BiOCl-PVDF membrane can degrade organic pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Remediation of water pollution persists as major concern for scientists and industry. Various ceramic based nanomaterials have been used in efficient photocatalytic degradation of different industrial dyes. However, the major factors that restrict efficacy of these systems are requirement of UV source for activating dye degradation process, prolonged time for degradation and lower efficiency. This paves way to development of alternative material systems that can resolve above problems by not only ensuring maximum dye degradation in minimum time in presence of visible light but also reusability in several cycles. In this work, we report visible light driven photocatalytic degradation of methyl blue (MB) using Sn-doped bismuth ferrite (BFO) nanoparticles. Different concentrations (0, 1%, 1.5%, 2%) of Sn-doped BFO nanoparticles were synthesized using facile sol-gel methods. It was observed that 1.5% Sn-doped BFO nanoparticle exhibits highest photocatalytic activity towards MB degradation compared with pure and other doped BFO nanoparticles. 1.5% Sn-doped BFO nanoparticle delineates 70% dye degradation capability within 10 min of irradiation under visible light. 1.5% Sn-doped sample shows 99% degradation capability within 2 h of visible light irradiation while pristine BFO nanoparticles can degrade only 20% under identical conditions. Additionally, 1.5% Sn-doped BFO nanoparticles are also capable of degrading RhB, another important contaminant. The 1.5% Sn-doped BFO nanoparticle could be a promising photocatalyst for efficient degradation of industrial effluents having various dyes. The efficient dye degradation of 1.5% Sn doped BFO nanoparticle has been explained in terms of increased density of surface active sites evident from bulk structural analyses and greater probability of generation of electron-hole pairs on surface by virtue of reduced band gap. A theoretical modelling of band structure has been done to identify surface .OH ions as most effective species to promote dye degradation. • Visible light induced methyl blue (MB) degradation using Sn-doped BFO nanoparticles. • 1.5% Sn-doped BFO nanoparticles can degrade 70% MB within 10 min. • Improved dye degradation efficiency by 1.5% Sn-doped BFO nanoparticles is due to increase in electron-hole generation rate because of reduced band gap. • Increased concentration of surface active sites in BFO due to decrease in unit cell volume by virtue of Sn doping. • Langmuir-Hinshelwood model was used in explaining the kinetics of photo-degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ferrous tungstate (FeWO 4) nanoparticles, nanorods, and nanofibers are prepared by hydrothermal method and their piezo-Fenton synergistic catalysis is investigated. The as-prepared one-dimensional FeWO 4 nanofibers show super high catalytic efficiency on the degradation of methylene blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RhB). Furthermore, the catalytic reaction takes place under neutral conditions without the adjustment of pH. Under ultrasonic vibration with trace H 2 O 2 (0.02 vol%), FeWO 4 nanofibers can remove up to 99.5% of MB (20 mg/L) in 14 min. Recyclability experiments demonstrate that FeWO 4 nanofibers retain their catalytic activity after four recycles. The active species capturing experiments found that h+ is the dominant active species in the degradation process. The high catalytic efficiency of FeWO 4 nanofibers ascribes to the synergistic effect of piezocatalytic and Fenton catalytic, which facilitates the transfer of charge carriers and accelerates the piezocatalytic process. The piezo-induced e− could favor the Fe3+/Fe2+ cycle and accelerated the Fenton catalytic process. This work presents a new design strategy of advanced oxidation processes for remediation of water pollution, which is of great significance to environmental protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of industry and the increasing discharge of oily wastewater, there is a growing interest in superhydrophobic materials for oil-water separation and water pollution remediation. At the same time, there is an urgent need for materials capable of oil-water separation and wastewater degradation. In this paper, superhydrophobic photocatalytic cotton fabrics were prepared by introducing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on pristine fabrics (PF) to obtain a micro/nano-rough structure, octadecylamine (ODA) to provide a low surface energy, and epoxy resin (ER) used as an adhesive to enhance the adhesion between the ZnO NPs and the fabric. The prepared ODA-ZnO-ER@PF has excellent superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle (WCA) of 156.5° and self-cleaning ability. Due to its good photocatalytic properties, it can basically degrade methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RB) in water after 12 h of UV irradiation. In addition, ODA-ZnO-ER@PF has excellent mechanical properties and maintains good superhydrophobicity after mechanical abrasion, ultrasonic washing, tape-peeling, UV irradiation and acid or alkali immersion. Gravity-driven oil-water separation simulation experiments indicated that ODA-ZnO-ER@PF has good oil-water separation efficiency and recyclability. This superhydrophobic, photocatalytic and mechanically durable material shows promising applications in the treatment of oil-water pollutants. • Superhydrophobic ODA-ZnO-ER@PF was prepared using a simple fluorine-free method. • The modified fabric exhibited excellent photocatalytic degradation capability. • ODA-ZnO-ER@PF presented good oil-water separation efficiency and recyclability. • ODA-ZnO-ER@PF displayed excellent mechanical durability and chemical stability. • ODA-ZnO-ER@PF showed great potential for complex wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, a novel acylhydrazone biosorbent (GSL) with abundant three-dimensional porous structure was successfully prepared by using low-cost starch as raw material for water pollution remediation applications. Various analytical techniques were applied to characterize the morphological structure and chemical composition. Interestingly, the adsorption efficiency of the adsorbent towards Malachite green (MG), Safranin O (SO), Cu2+, and sulfide in the static adsorption experiment was extremely high due to presence of ample functional groups. Additionally, the adsorption isotherm and kinetic experiments revealed that the adsorption processes were based on monolayer chemisorption. The maximum sorption amounts were 2237.4961 mg/g for SO, 2101.6610 mg/g for MG, 410.7019 mg/g for Cu2+, and 483.0194 mg/g for sulfides at 298.15 k. The thermodynamic analysis also demonstrated that all adsorption processes were spontaneous heat processes. The adsorption mechanism was analyzed by FTIR, SEM-EDAX and XPS. The adsorption of SO onto GSL reached 1025.8617 mg/g in continuous adsorption experiments, and the experimental data were fitted through the Thomas model and Yoon-Nelson model. Furthermore, the GSL showed good reusability and salt resistance. Importantly, starch-based acylhydrazone as the adsorbent for the simultaneous removal of hazardous dyes, heavy metal ions and sulfhides has not yet been seen reported. • A new acylhydrazone-modified starch-based adsorbent with 3D porous structure was prepared. • Organic dyes, heavy metal ion, and sulfides can be efficiently removed by the adsorbent. • The adsorbent exhibited excellent reusability and salt resistance. • The adsorbent was applied to in batch and continuous adsorption. • The continuous adsorption data were fitted by Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past few years, there has been a notable rise in the release of industrial waste oil, frequent oil spills at sea, and a significant escalation in the severity of water pollution. This issue has garnered global attention and is now recognised as a widespread concern. Hence, there is a pressing demand for an oil-absorbing material exhibiting high oil-absorption capabilities and robust mechanical properties. This study introduces a new aerogel characterised by a three-dimensional hierarchical pore size structure derived from natural corn stalk powder and graphene oxide (GO). The developed aerogel demonstrated notable sorption capacity ranging from 70.6 to 131.0 g/g, along with excellent compressibility and high elasticity. These properties enable effective oil-water separation and selective sorption. This study introduces a novel approach to treating agricultural waste and presents a straightforward, environmentally friendly, cost-effective method for synthesising high-performance graphene-based oil-absorbing agents. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

N and S co-doped porous carbon was prepared by decorating the waste disposable medical masks (WDMM) with thioacetamide (TAA) as the N/S source and then carbonizing at high temperature, which was subsequently incorporated Co-doped LaFeO 3 to obtain NSC@LaFe x Co 1-x O 3 catalysts. The resulting catalysts were used to construct an advanced oxidation process (AOP) based on activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade tetracycline (TC) in water. The physicochemical properties of the as-obtained catalysts were characterized and environmental factors affecting the catalytic performances of NSC@LaFe x Co 1-x O 3 /PMS were systematically investigated. The results showed that N and S co-doped porous carbon derived from thioacetamide (TAA)-functionalized WDMM at high temperature could be used as good support for LaFe x Co 1-x O 3. The synergistic effects between N/S co-doped carbon and polyvalent metals (Co2+/Co3+ and Fe3+/Fe2+) endowed NSC@LaFe x Co 1-x O 3 with enhanced catalytic performances, in which nearly 100% of TC could be removed by NSC@LaFe 0.95 Co 0.05 O 3 /PMS system within 10 min under the conditions of 0.2 g/L of catalyst dose, 2.5 mmol/L of PMS concentration and 10 mg/L of initial TC concentration. Furthermore, the constructed NSC@LaFe 0.95 Co 0.05 O 3 /PMS system exhibited a wider pH adaptability (3.0 ∼ 10.0), good salt resistance and reusability as well as high mineralization. The mechanisms and possible pathways of TC degradation by NSC@LaFe 0.95 Co 0.05 O 3 /PMS system were proposed and the ecotoxicity of TC and its intermediates was also evaluated. This study demonstrated the feasible transformation of waste masks into porous carbon with high added value for water pollution control and remediation, accomplishing the dual purposes of recycling and resource utilization of waste masks and protecting the environment. [Display omitted] • Porous carbon derived from waste disposable medical masks as a carrier for LaFe 0.95 Co 0.05 O 3. • NSC@LaFe 0.95 Co 0.05 O 3 exhibited strong catalytic performances and structural stability. • NSC@LaFe 0.95 Co 0.05 O 3 /PMS with a removal rate of near 100 % in 10 min under optimal conditions. • NSC and polyvalent metals synergistically catalyze PMS to mineralize TC with high efficiency. • Turning waste masks from "waste" into "treasure", and then treating "waste" with "waste". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of sonoelectrochemical (SEC) oxidation technique involving the incorporation of ultrasound irradiation into an electrochemical oxidation system has found enormous success for various purposes, especially for organic synthesis and water treatment. Although its industrial application towards the removal of organic contaminants in water is not popular, its success on the laboratory scale is often attributed to the physical and chemical effects. These effects arise from the influence of ultrasound irradiation, thus eliminating electrode passivation or fouling, improving mass transfer and enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The continuous activation of the electrode surface, improved reaction kinetics and other associated advantages are equally occasioned by acoustic streaming and cavitation. This review hereby outlines common ROS generated in SEC oxidation and pathways to their generation. Furthermore, classes of materials commonly employed as anodes and the influence of prominent operational parameters on the performance of the technique for the degradation of organic pollutants in water are extensively discussed. Hence, this study seeks to broaden the significant promises offered by SEC oxidation to environmentally sustainable technology advances in water treatment and pollution remediation. [Display omitted] • Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in sonoelectrochemical oxidation systems. • Common and emerging classes of anodic materials in sonoelectrochemical oxidation. • Influence of operating parameters on ROS generation and overall efficiency of sonoelectrochemical oxidation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waste water pollution is one of the most prominent concerns across the globe due to its severe impact on human health and environment which affects the ecosystem directly. Therefore, for sustainable and consistence environment, waste water treatment is the primary and mandatory agenda of agencies involve worldwide to rectify this issue. Additionally, among various sustainable trail based strategies for waste water treatment, biochar catalyst utilization is very potential and impactful whereas, use of nanoform of biochar which is also known as nanobiochar is more impactful in waste water pollution remediation. Therefore, the present review represents the sustainable fabrication of nanobiochar from organic waste biomass and process strategy for its reduction from bulk form to nano form using different sustainability procedures. Type and mode of action of different biomass, types, fabrication, methods and functional properties along with their functional efficacy have been highlighted and discussed in the review. Existing challenges and sustainable possibilities to overcome them have also discussed as future prospects for sustainable and promising application of nanobiochar as potential sensor foreco-friendly remediation of waste water pollution.The figure present general overview to fabricate nanobiochar from waste biomass biomass for environmental applicationGraphical Abstract: Waste water pollution is one of the most prominent concerns across the globe due to its severe impact on human health and environment which affects the ecosystem directly. Therefore, for sustainable and consistence environment, waste water treatment is the primary and mandatory agenda of agencies involve worldwide to rectify this issue. Additionally, among various sustainable trail based strategies for waste water treatment, biochar catalyst utilization is very potential and impactful whereas, use of nanoform of biochar which is also known as nanobiochar is more impactful in waste water pollution remediation. Therefore, the present review represents the sustainable fabrication of nanobiochar from organic waste biomass and process strategy for its reduction from bulk form to nano form using different sustainability procedures. Type and mode of action of different biomass, types, fabrication, methods and functional properties along with their functional efficacy have been highlighted and discussed in the review. Existing challenges and sustainable possibilities to overcome them have also discussed as future prospects for sustainable and promising application of nanobiochar as potential sensor foreco-friendly remediation of waste water pollution.The figure present general overview to fabricate nanobiochar from waste biomass biomass for environmental application [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The synthesis and characterization methods of NP-BC were summarized. • The specific research method for adsorption mechanisms of NP-BC was summarized. • The application principle of NP-BC in adsorbing various water pollutants was studied. • The issues and future research trends of NP-BC in water pollution were presented. The presence of toxic and hazardous substances in aquatic environments poses an enormous risk to ecosystems and human health. Recent years have witnessed a substantial rise in the utilization of biochar (BC) as an adsorbent for the remediation of water contamination. To augment the adsorption capability of pristine BC, a multitude of BC composites have emerged. Natural polysaccharides (NP), such as chitosan, sodium alginate, β-cyclodextrin, starch, and other substances, can act as modifiers for BC, enabling the incorporation of the benefits of both NP and BC. Generally, the formed composites demonstrate significant improvements in functional groups, specific surface area, adsorption sites, stability, and adsorption efficacy. Significantly, NP-BC demonstrates notable attributes as a green adsorbent while also being cost-effective in synthesis. Over the past five years, there has been a growing corpus of investigations on the topic of water pollutant adsorption, with a particular emphasis on the application of NP-BC. Nevertheless, a comprehensive evaluation of NP-BC remains absent, specifically regarding its modification techniques and characterization methodology. Furthermore, there is a notable absence of a systematic summary of research methodology concerning adsorption mechanisms. Consequently, the present study investigates the synthesis, characterization, and mechanism of NP-BC, along with its use in adsorbing water contaminants, including metal ions, organic pollutants, and inorganic ions. On this basis, this paper presents a comprehensive overview of the challenges that necessitate attention and the potential research directions worth exploring for NP-BC in removing water pollutants. According to the current dual-carbon policy, it is anticipated that NP-BC will have significant potential in water pollution remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The continuous increase of the demand in merchandise and fuels augments the need of modern approaches for the mass-production of renewable chemicals derived from abundant feedstocks, like biomass, as well as for the water and soil remediation pollution resulting from the anthropogenic discharge of organic compounds. Towards these directions and within the concept of circular (bio)economy, the development of efficient and sustainable catalytic processes is of paramount importance. Within this context, the design of novel catalysts play a key role, with carbon-based nanocatalysts (CnCs) representing one of the most promising class of materials. In this review, a wide range of CnCs utilized for biomass valorization towards valuable chemicals production, and for environmental remediation applications are summarized and discussed. Emphasis is given in particular on the catalytic production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) from cellulose or starch-rich food waste, the hydrogenolysis of lignin towards high bio-oil yields enriched predominately in alkyl and oxygenated phenolic monomers, the photocatalytic, sonocatalytic or sonophotocatalytic selective partial oxidation of 5-HMF to 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) and the decomposition of organic pollutants in aqueous matrixes. The carbonaceous materials were utilized as stand-alone catalysts or as supports of (nano)metals are various types of activated micro/mesoporous carbons, graphene/graphite and the chemically modified counterparts like graphite oxide and reduced graphite oxide, carbon nanotubes, carbon quantum dots, graphitic carbon nitride, and fullerenes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fe-driven biological nitrogen removal (FeBNR) has become one of the main technologies in water pollution remediation due to its economy, safety and mild reaction conditions. This paper systematically summarizes abiotic and biotic reactions in the Fe and N cycles, including nitrate/nitrite-dependent anaerobic Fe(II) oxidation (NDAFO) and anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled with Fe(III) reduction (Feammox). The biodiversity of iron-oxidizing microorganisms for nitrate/nitrite reduction and iron-reducing microorganisms for ammonium oxidation are reviewed. The effects of environmental factors, e.g., pH, redox potential, Fe species, extracellular electron shuttles and natural organic matter, on the FeBNR reaction rate are analyzed. Current application advances in natural and artificial wastewater treatment are introduced with some typical experimental and application cases. Autotrophic FeBNR can treat low-C/N wastewater and greatly benefit the sustainable development of environmentally friendly biotechnologies for advanced nitrogen control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology (10036504) is the property of Editorial Board of Environmental Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The recovery of rare earth elements (REEs) from acidic wastewater is crucial to sustainable development, industrial processes, and human health. In this research, β-cyclodextrin-based nanosponges (β-CD/PVA-SA NSs) have been proposed as potential adsorbents for europium (Eu), dysprosium (Dy), and gadolinium (Gd) recovery. The nanosponges are synthesized by cross-linking β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA). Experimental results indicate that β-CD/PVA-SA NSs exhibit favorable selectivity for Eu, Dy, and Gd, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 222, 217, and 204 mg/g, respectively, in addition to stability and cyclicity. β-CD/PVA-SA NSs maintain selective adsorption effects towards RE ions that are present in acidic mine drainage (AMD), thereby highlighting their potential for practical applications. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) simulations have unveiled the fundamental interactions between the functional groups anchored in β-CD/PVA-SA NSs and the REEs, providing vital insights into their adsorption mechanism. Hence, the utilization of β-CD/PVA-SA NSs has the potential to advance initiatives in remediating acidic water pollution and facilitating the sustainable recycling of RE resources., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Hierarchical structure Bi 2 Mo x W 1-x O 6 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) solid solutions with high surface area are prepared by hydrothermal method without employing any surfactant. All the as-prepared products are hierarchical microspheres self-assembled by nanosheets. The piezocatalytic performance of Bi 2 Mo x W 1-x O 6 solid solutions are investigated by the degradation of RhB under ultrasonic vibration. The experimental results show that the x value of Bi 2 Mo x W 1-x O 6 has great influence on the piezocatalytic efficiency. Among which, the Bi 2 Mo 0.4 W 0.6 O 6 presents a high value of the rate constant k of 0.119 min-1 by degrading 97.5% of RhB dye solution in 30 min. It is about 43.4% higher than that of pure Bi 2 WO 6 sample, for which k is 0.083 min-1. Radical trapping test indicates that holes (h+) are the dominating active species in the degradation process. The improved piezocatalytic performance for Bi 2 Mo 0.4 W 0.6 O 6 sample ascribes to the larger piezoelectric potential generated under a strained state, which facilitates the transfer of charge carriers and accelerate the piezocatalytic process. Our work presents a new design strategy of piezocatalysts for remediation of water pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Ecological wetland is key to multi-barrier of water source security. • Most active plant-bed/ditch system especially fringes harbor hot zones. • Pond-wetland complex with constructed root channels becomes a paradigm. • Human-body wetland model based on bionics or biomimetics was established. • Upgraded wetland performance provide reference for developing countries. Jiaxing created a precedent using bypass riparian marshes to purify micro-polluted water sources in China. Pond-wetland complex with constructed root channel technology becomes a paradigm which can be analogized as "human-body wetland model" based on bionics or biomimetics. Heterogeneous plant-bed/ditch system with highly active land/water ecotone interfaces, especially meandering boundaries, breeds many biochemical reactions "living areas". Optimization of hydraulic regulation promotes redox environment alternations and wetland treatment efficiency. Here we reported a series of upgrades and performances in Guanjinggang wetland after the Shijiuyang prototype. Morphological reform of plant-bed/ditch system played a vital role. Spatially root channel zone was main force of wetland purification, and temporally the treatment effect was higher in low-temperature seasons indicating non-temperature dependent mechanisms worked. Water pollution comprehensive index improved steadily from IV to III, and comprehensive pollution load was reduced by ca. 40%–60%. Comprehensive evaluation function value further showed the gradients purification effect of the upgraded wetland. Ecological wetlands ameliorated source water quality, and reduced drinking water treatment reagents, thereby bringing about economic benefits. Through wetlands operation, people can see how the micro-polluted surface water becomes clear and clean, so promoting a significant social benefit. As a viable component of urban green space, wetlands could beautify regional eco-environment, freshen the air, increase urban ecological taste, and enhance the eco-environmental protection publicity. Thus, the multifunctional service values and indirect benefits are substantial. Jiaxing ecological wetlands provide a typical paradigm for water pollution remediation in developing countries and plays a leading role in technology engineering radiation effect. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence (AI) is nowadays an upcoming technology. It is a practice of simulating human intelligence for varied applications. When compared with the standard practices, AI is developing at a rapid rate. AI has proved its worth in several areas such as agriculture, automobile industry, banking and finance, space exploration, artificial creativity, etc. Owing to the efficiency, speed, and independence from human operations, AI is now entering the wastewater treatment sector. This technology has been used for monitoring the performance of the water treatment plants in terms of efficiency parameters, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) determination, elimination of nitrogen and sulphur, prediction of turbidity and hardness, uptake of contaminants, etc., in the wastewater sector. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Fuzzy Logic Algorithms (FL), and Genetic Algorithms (GA) are the basic three models under AI predominantly used in the wastewater sector. Studies reveal that the determination coefficient values of 0.99 can be attained for COD, BOD, heavy metals and organics removal using ANN and hybrid intelligent systems. This review paper describes research with all the possible models of AI utilized in the water treatment which have enhanced the pollutant removal percentage accuracy of ranging from 84% to 90% and provided viewpoint on future directions of novel research, in the field with due focus on pollution remediation, cost effectiveness, energy economy, and water management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to accurately understand the interaction between surface water and groundwater in the alluvial plain (Anqing section) of the lower Yangtze River basin. To this end, the distribution characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes and 222Rn isotopes in different water bodies were analyzed using the multiple environmental isotope tracing method. The results show that the Yangtze River is generally recharged by groundwater in the alluvial plain (Anqing section), whereas it is stimulated by human activities to recharge groundwater in the urban section of Anqing; the first-order stream of the Yangtze River, the Wan River, receives groundwater recharge in the hilly area and recharges groundwater in the flat area. The main sources of groundwater in the alluvial plain are precipitation and lake water, which account for 45.25% and 54.75%, respectively, of the total recharge. This study provides a reliable scientific basis for quality evaluation, pollution prevention and remediation of the water resources in the alluvial plain (Anqing section) of the lower Yangtze River basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herbicides are the primary pesticides that can easily pollute water bodies, attracting significant attention from researchers regarding the effective removal of herbicide residues from the water environment. In this study, a β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide (β-CD-BTCA-rGO) aerogel was prepared following the self-assembly hydrothermal method using 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) as crosslinkers. The self-assembly process involved the cross-linking of "soft" β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) with "hard" graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, forming a stable β-CD-BTCA-rGO aerogel. The prepared β-CD-BTCA-rGO aerogel demonstrated excellent adsorption performance. The adsorption capacities were 62.3 and 46.8 mg/g for sulfentrazone and quinclorac, respectively, surpassing the traditional reduced graphene oxide (rGO) aerogel and citric acid cross-linked (β-CD-CA-rGO) aerogel. Correspondingly, its adsorption capacity for quinclorac was 1.8 times and 12 times that of rGO aerogel and β-CD-CA-rGO aerogel, respectively. Quantum chemical calculations at the density functional theory (DFT) level, utilizing the Fukui function to predict chemical reaction sites, indicated that BTCA, as crosslinkers, formed stable chemical bonds (ester bonds) with GO through hydroxyl and carboxyl surface functional groups, leading to the formation of stable porous aerogels. Furthermore, the highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) energy gap was quantitatively measured for various adsorption mechanisms, revealing that electrostatic adsorption was the main force of the adsorption on the aerogels. The β-CD-BTCA-rGO aerogels prepared in this study demonstrated economic feasibility as adsorbents and exhibited good reproducibility. Consequently, β-CD-BTCA-rGO aerogels hold promising application prospects in the remediation of pesticide pollution in water systems. [Display omitted] • β-CD-BTCA-rGO has enhanced properties and adsorption capacity than β-CD-CA-rGO. • Aerogel formation mechanism is determined through experiments and Fukui function. • Adsorption mechanisms of aerogel are determined from experiments and DFT calculation. • Electrostatic interaction is the main force for the adsorption of the herbicides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Bi 2 MoZnO 7 (BMZ) nanocomposite nanoparticles was synthesized successfully. • Catalytic efficiency of nanoparticles was investigated by Azure B. • Method is ecofriendly and economically viable. • Organic pollutants can be degraded easily in wastewater. • LEDs irradiations were used as source of light. The present time nanocomposites show highly improved photocatalytic performance in water pollution remediation technology. Herein, BMZ (Bi 2 MoZnO 7) nanocomposite photocatalyst has been synthesized via the co-precipitation method. The structural and morphological studies were interpreted by analytical techniques including X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses. The accomplishment of photocatalysis was determined by the mineralization of toxic azure B dye using a light-emitting diode (LED) as a source of radiation. The characterization studies revealed that the average particle size of BMZ nanocomposite was 28 nm with a flake-like structure having a smooth surface. An EDX spectrum shows the characteristic peaks of Bi, Mo, Zn, and O elements. The parameters such as pH, dye concentration, catalyst weight, reusability of photocatalyst, Fenton's reagent, CO 2 , COD, NO 3 − and SO 4 2− evaluation, and N 2 and O 2 purging were studied for optimum conditions. Fenton's reagent test is one of the green approaches in which OH is generated that is utilized for the degradation of toxic azure B dye. The photocatalytic degradation in Fe2+/H 2 O 2 /BMZ/Azure B system, high value of the rate constant was recorded as compared to the experiments, performed without BMZ nanocomposite photocatalyst. The eco-friendly LEDs irradiation was applied as a light source material throughout the experiment. The 98 % degradation of toxic azure B dye was observed in 120 min with the highest rate constant (k = 6.1 × 10−4 s−1) in LEDs irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conventional nanomaterials are met with the bottleneck problem of difficult recycling and reuse when applied to water treatment. Carbon aerogel with three-dimensional structure can effectively solve the problem of recycling, however, the preparation of efficient and recyclable aerogel catalyst is still an urgent technical problem. Here, an NH 2 -MIL-88B(Fe)/agarose carbon aerogel (MGA-x) was synthesized at different calcination temperatures (x = 100, 150, 200 and 300 °C) and their changes in structures and photo-electrochemical properties were investigated. As a photo-Fenton catalyst, the aerogel could efficiently activate H 2 O 2 to ultrafast degrade mitoxantrone in water. Within 2 min, the removal efficiency of mitoxantrone in the MGA-200/H 2 O 2 /Light system was 97.6%, which was 85.3 times greater than that in the agarose aerogel/H 2 O 2 /Light system. Notably, the aerogel catalyst could be directly recovered and recycled without additional treatments, and the microstructure and degradation performance were maintained even after five cycles, demonstrating excellent sustainability for applications in practical aquatic environment. The primary active radicals involved in the photocatalytic degradation process were • OH, h+ and • O 2 -, which were confirmed through free radical quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance analysis. Additionally, possible degradation pathways for mitoxantrone were proposed based on the results of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. This study presents a photocatalytic aerogel with highly efficient degradation ability along with recycling and reuse capacity, exhibiting great potential for application in the remediation of water pollution. [Display omitted] • NH 2 -MIL-88B(Fe)/agarose carbon aerogel was prepared by low-temperature calcination. • The photo-Fenton reaction of MGA-200 through degrading MTX was studied. • The MGA-200/H 2 O 2 /Light system could ultrafast remove 97.6% of MTX in 2 min. • MGA-200 can be recovered and recycled directly without additional treatment. • A new pathway for the potential degradation of MTX was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pollen is a promising material for water treatment owing to its renewable nature, abundant sources, and vast reserves. The natural polymer sporopollenin, found within pollen exine, possesses a distinctive layered porous structure, mechanical strength, and stable chemical properties, which can be utilized to prepare sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs). Leveraging these attributes, pollen or SECs can be used to develop water pollution remediation materials. In this review, the structure of pollen is first introduced, followed by the categorization of various methods for extracting SECs. Then, the functional expansion of pollen adsorbents, with an emphasis on their recyclability, reusability, and visual sensing capabilities, as opposed to mere functional group modification, is discussed. Furthermore, the progress made in utilizing pollen as a biological template for synthesizing catalysts is summarized. Intriguingly, pollen can also be engineered into self-propelled micromotors, enhancing its potential application in adsorption and catalysis. Finally, the challenges associated with the application of pollen in water pollution treatment are discussed. These challenges include the selection of environmentally friendly, non-toxic reagents in synthesizing pollen water remediation products and the large-scale application after synthesis. Moreover, the multifunctional synthesis and application of different water remediation products are prospected. [Display omitted] • Pollen exhibits a layered porous structure and excellent physicochemical properties. • Physicochemical or enzymatic methods can make it easy to extract sporopollenin. • Effective functionalization of pollen adsorbents can expand their applications. • Pollen templates reconstruct the catalyst structure to obtain higher performance. • Self-propelled pollen micromotors can increase adsorption and catalytic efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water scarcity and pollution have become major obstacles to sustainable global development. The development of a versatile platform that can simultaneously produce clean water and remediate pollutants from water is highly desirable but still difficult to realize. Herein, to address this challenge, we have developed a CY@PPy@Ag aerogel with excellent photothermal and photocatalytic capabilities through a freeze-drying process, followed by polypyrrole coating and Ag deposition. The excellent characteristics, including broad-spectrum light absorption (97.2%), localization of converted heat, rapid water transport, and porous open microchannels, enabled it to act as an advanced solar evaporator for efficient and continuous steam generation without salt crystallization. Moreover, the high evaporation rate (1.51 kg m−2 h−1) was maintained even in high concentrations of brine and real seawater. Taking advantage of its enhanced photocatalytic performance, organic dyes in water could be rapidly and completely decomposed by the CY@PPy@Ag aerogel under solar irradiation, and this photodegradation process was significantly accelerated with the help of NaBH 4. This work is expected to provide a one-stone-two-birds strategy to simultaneously achieve clean water harvesting and pollution remediation, which holds great promise in the fields of solar energy harvesting, wastewater treatment, and seawater desalination. [Display omitted] • A versatile aerogel platform has been developed. • Efficient solar-powered interfacial water stream generation was achieved. • Rapid photodegradation of organic pollutants in water was realized. • One-stone-two-birds performance was realized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Demonstrated rhodamine B's superior affinity for TiO 2 over methylene blue and safranin O. • Applied DFT and SCC-DFTB to elucidate dye-rutile TiO 2 surface interactions. • Determined optimal adsorption structures for dyes on TiO 2 using Molecular Dynamics. • Offered vital molecular-level understanding to enhance metal oxide water treatment methods. Metal oxides have increasingly been employed for water pollution remediation. In the present investigation, the adsorptive characteristics of three cationic dyes, rhodamine B (RB), safranin O (SO), and methylene blue (MB), on the (1 1 0) surface of rutile titanium dioxide in an aqueous milieu were scrutinized. Utilizing Density Functional Theory (DFT), the reactivity of these organic compounds was evaluated by computing parameters such as molecular frontier orbital energies, energy gap (ΔE gap), electronegativity (χ), chemical hardness (η), chemical softness (σ), electrophilicity (ω), nucleophilicity, electron transfer fraction (ΔN), and Fukui indices. Findings demonstrated that RB exhibited superior reactivity and adsorptive capacity in comparison to MB and SO. Self-Consistent Charge Density-Functional Tight-Binding (SCC-DFTB) simulations revealed that RB engaged in the most potent interactions with the TiO 2 (1 1 0) surface, with interaction energies following the sequence RB (−1.12 eV) > MB (−1.07 eV) > SO (−1.01 eV). Furthermore, the most energetically favorable adsorption configurations for these dyes were elucidated through Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. Adsorption energies calculated via MD simulations corroborated that the TiO 2 (1 1 0) surface possessed high adsorptive capabilities for these cationic dyes, particularly a stronger affinity for RB. The study provides comprehensive insights into the molecular-level interactions between cationic dyes and rutile TiO 2 , thereby contributing valuable information for the optimization of metal oxide-based water pollution treatment technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

g-C3N4/TiO2 composite has excellent photoelectric properties and is considered as a good carrier of nanoparticles. A novel composite of nZVI–g-C3N4/TiO2 was successfully synthesized through in situ growth nZVI on the surface of g-C3N4/TiO2 with liquid-phase reduction method. The composite was characterized by TEM, XRD, EDS and evaluated its nitrate removal efficiency. The effects of composite dosage, solution initial pH and HCOOH concentration on nitrate reduction were investigated. The results showed that nitrate was rapidly reduced by nZVI–g-C3N4/TiO2 composite. The dosage of 4 g/L nZVI–g-C3N4/TiO2 composite and 3.0 mM of HCOOH concentration was more suitable for nitrate reduction. Nitrate removal efficiency of nZVI–g-C3N4/TiO2 composite was 2.2 times than that of nZVI. When HCOOH concentration was 3 mM, nitrate removal efficiency was 91.3% and its N2 selectivity was 20.2%. Solution initial pH had little impact on the nitrate reduction efficiency, but affected the proportion of the nitrate reduction products. The mechanism of nitrate reduction in the nZVI-gC3N4/TiO2/HCOOH-Xe-lamp system was proposed. The nZVI-gC3N4/TiO2 composite could be considered as a viable and promising technology for water pollution remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have received wide attention on the potential application to separation of pollutants from contaminated water to produce clear water. Recently, the report on MOFs modified membrane in pollution separation is very interesting. The main focus is that adding MOFs onto the surface of the membrane can significantly improve its separation performance and anti-fouling ability. This review took the opportunity to give readers a preliminary and detailing understanding of the basic knowledge of the MOFs modified membrane used in remediation of water pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, rising distress over ecological pollution owing to water contamination by coloring effluents primarily due to dyes is of growing concern. The development of semiconductor/magnetic oxide–based nanomaterials has verified to be a potent remediation means for water pollution. In the present article, the fabrication of nanocomposites was carried out by the facile hydrothermal method. The ZnO and ZnSe nanoparticles were in situ formed on the α-Fe2O3 layer, thereby forming a heterojunction. The prepared α-Fe2O3/ZnSe nanocomposite possessed a degradation of 98.9% for a Congo red aqueous solution of 100 ppm. The α-Fe2O3/ZnO nanocomposite showed only 26% degradation of 100 ppm dye solution depicting a poor photocatalytic performance. This is attributed to the formation of recombination-enhanced configuration (type-I heterostructure) in the α-Fe2O3/ZnO nanocomposite (NC). In contrast, α-Fe2O3/ZnSe NC accomplished a higher and enhanced photocatalytic response. The key rationale for elevated photocatalytic response is the establishment of a recombination-free configuration (type-II heterostructure). Thus, α-Fe2O3/ZnSe NC known as one of outstanding nanoparticle-nanocomposite photocatalysts was synthesized under mild conditions exclusive of some multifaceted post-treatment, for dye abatement process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cr(VI) is a ubiquitous pollutant that poses a serious threat to human health. Recently, the use of microorganisms to adsorb heavy metals has attracted research attention. However, there are few studies on the biosorption of Cr(VI) by Shewanella putrefaciens, which is a metal-reducing bacterium. In this paper, single-factor experiments were designed to investigate the effect of hexavalent chromium by Shewanella putrefaciens, and response surface methodology (RSM) based on the Box-Behnken design (BBD) was performed to study the Cr(VI) biosorption behavior of Shewanella putrefaciens. The coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.811 for Cr(VI)) and probability value (P < 0.05) demonstrated significance for the obtained regression model. The results showed that the model was suitable for experimental data, and the maximum Cr(VI) removal efficiency by Shewanella putrefaciens was 85.68% under the optimum conditions of a contact time of 16.57 h, pH value of 8, and biomass dosage of 0.42 g/L, which were verified by additional experiments. ANOVA and 3D response graph analysis showed that the variables with significant influences were pH and temperature. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results demonstrated that after biosorption of Cr(VI) by Shewanella putrefaciens, granular complexes attached to rough cell surfaces were observed. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis showed that the distribution of Cr(VI) on the cell surface was related to the carboxyl, ether, amide, hydroxyl, and phosphoric acid groups of Shewanella putrefaciens. This study is useful to explore the process and mechanism of heavy metal adsorption by Shewanella putrefaciens and provide new ideas for the microbial remediation of metal pollution in water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four biochars from pyrolysis of poplar wood (biochar P) and tea (biochar T) at 450 and 750 °C have been tested in a first time as adsorbents for trichloroethylene (TCE) removal in groundwater. The physico-chemical properties of biochars were systematically investigated with organic elemental analyser, scanning electron microscopy, N2 adsorption measurement, IR spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron microscopy. Three kinetic models were used to follow the TCE removal by biochars. The best kinetic performances were obtained with biochars P with the smallest particle size diameter (50 – 100 µm) due to their porosity and the mass transfer limitation for the TCE remediation. Remediation of a real sample of groundwater polluted by chlorinated organic compounds showed that biochar P produced at 750 °C is more efficient to remove vinyl chloride (65% adsorbed) than commercial activated carbon powder (40%). The TCE sorption capacity is similar in pure water and in polluted groundwater. The results also highlighted better retention capacity for the most substituted molecules (tri and tetrachloroethylene) for biochar P750.

The contamination of water by Pb2+ ions is a problem that requires an imminent solution. Design of hydrogels based on polymers as well as inorganic phases is an innovative alternative for the generation of matrices with adapted properties. This work proposes the synthesis of a novel composite hydrogel based on collagen-polyurethane-chitosan reinforced with manganite; this inorganic phase increases the velocity of the adsorption process of the Pb2+ ions. The effect of the concentration of manganite on the properties of composite hydrogels is studied. The results indicate that the composite reinforced with manganite presents an amorphous structure, improved mechanical properties and resistance to the both acidic and proteolytic degradation. The hydrogel with 35 wt% of manganite show a removal rate of Pb2+ of 91 ± 6% at 24 h. These hydrogel composites could represent an efficient and sustainable alternative for the removal of Pb2+ ions from contaminated water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to analyze and evaluate the contamination of pollutants in mining karst areas groundwater in Huangshaping, Hunan Province, China. To achieve these aims, the study was involved in data collection and analysis; groundwater environmental assessment grading and simulation modeling. Finite element subsurface FLOW system (FEFLOW) software was mainly used for the analysis. Due to the negative impacts of pollutants in mining karst groundwater, application of environmental mitigation measures for the pollution monitoring program, grid split, geological model and Groundwater seepage modeling was required to evaluate and control groundwater pollution spread. Water monitoring frequency was three times in a month, to test respectively, temperature, pH, chemical oxygen demand, Mn, SO4 2, Mn, Fe+, Zn, Pb and other parameters. For remediation and prevention of water pollution problems in study areas, the bactericide technology was used to prevent the formation of acid mine drainage wastewater; and wastewater treatment by microalgae plant culture for the surface wastewater treatment. The results indicate that there are different sources of pollutants in Huangshaping are life sewage wastewater, production wastewater, gushing water, sewage industrial sites producing, processing waste, tailings wastewater, rainwater and other venues. These mining pollutants have negative impacts and influence on the geological environment and groundwater quality such as Circulation of underground water is very poor; Aquifer water tables were changes; natural geological structures are in serious destruction. Pollutions dispersion speed has been three times in 50 y since exploitation project was implemented. The largest migration distance was respectively within 40.7 m (in 50 y ago), 95.2 m (30 y ago), and 99.5 m at this time. The iron tailings wastewater treatment can be purify about 7,706 m³/d of wastewater which mean have limited impact groundwater environment. Contrarily with lead and zinc mine tailings which are very favorable to contamination. For surface wastewater treatment, the suspended solids removal efficiency was up to 80% and nearly 50% metal removal for a plant of green microalgae in wastewater. Reuse of mining wastewater by hydride water consisting of 50% fresh and 50% mine wastewater was applied for food production in the area. Crop yield was proportional with salinity almost 50%. However, no risk of heavy metals contamination was found in plants and soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Chitosan/MnO 2 @MOF-801 photocatalytic synthesized using ultra-sonication and solvothermal method. • The Chitosan/MnO 2 @MOF-801 composite has the good photocatalytic activity of 95 % for Rhodamine B removal. • The Rhodamine B degradation with Chitosan/MnO 2 @MOF-801 follow pseudo-first-order kinetics. Zirconium-fumaric based metal organic framework (MOF-801) was synthesised by ultra-sonication method. After synthesis, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), UV/Vis spectrophotometer and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), were used for its functional group identification. For its structural morphology and elemental composition scanning electron microscopic (SEM) and energy dispersive scanning (EDS) analysis was carried out. After typical characterization, photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (Rh-B) was examined under sunlight by using Zr-fumaric MOF-801 as photocatalyst and revealed the satisfactory results. The MnO 2 @MOF-801 and MnO 2 @MOF-801/Chitosan composite were also synthesized with same ultrasonication method. It was concluded from this study that MnO 2 @MOF-801/Chitosan composite has the good photocatalytic activity about 95 % against the Rhodamine B (Rh-B) in contrast with Zr-fumaric MOF-801 (71 %) and MnO 2 @MOF-801 (86 %) after 45 min of reaction. Valence band (VB) gap and conduction band (CB) corresponding to light-induced transition are used to suggest catalytic mechanism. This newly synthesized non-reported MnO 2 @MOF-801/Chitosan composite as a good photocatalyst initiate the new way for the development of others non-reported MOF coated biopolymer with enhanced photocatalyst activity as an environmental remediation for the control of water pollution. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A floating catalyst was developed by immobilizing Au/TiO 2 photocatalyst on porous Zein polymer, which showed good photocatalytic activity for degradation of a range of organic dyes under natural sunlight. [Display omitted] • Developed polymer-Au/TiO 2 floating photo-catalyst for dye degradation under sunlight. • Catalyst includes Au/TiO 2 on low-density Zein-based polymer, enabling easy recovery and reusability. • Thorough spectroscopic, thermo-gravimetric, and imaging analysis confirms catalyst's identity and stability. • Catalyst shows high photocatalytic activity, simple fabrication, suitable for water pollution treatment. Floating catalysts for photocatalytic dye degradation under sunlight is very useful for large-scale real-world application. The strategy of immobilizing semiconductor photo-catalysts to a variety of low-density floating material is demonstrated with the objective of easy recovery, low catalyst loss and long reusability. In this study a polymer-Au/TiO 2 (Z@Au/TiO 2) floating photo-catalyst was developed using Au/TiO 2 as a visible light active photo-catalyst immobilized on Zein based low density polymer material. The synthesized floating catalyst was meticulously characterized by a range of spectroscopic, thermo gravimetric and imaging techniques to confirm its chemical identity and stability. Under either artificial or natural sunlight conditions, a variety of dye molecules (Auramine (Aur), Congo red (CR), Jakazol red (JR), and Methyl violet (MV)) could be degraded through photocatalytic degradation with floating Z@Au/TiO 2. Additionally, it was demonstrated that it could be collected easily after the catalysis and can be reused for several cycles. Due to its ease of fabrication and high photocatalytic activity, Z@Au/TiO 2 floating photo-catalyst may be helpful in treating water pollution for environmental remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The combination of molecular imprinting technology (MIT) and functional materials shows promise for water pollution remediation, particularly in the removal of low-concentration pollutants. While current reports primarily focus on material preparation and pollutant removal effects, there is an aspect worth exploring in greater depth - the relationship between the targeted removal effect of trace pollutants and the surface performance of the imprinted material. This aspect is crucial for water pollutant remediation. In this paper, we comprehensively review the principles and preparation methods of molecularly imprinted functional materials and discuss its impact on the surface functional groups and the formation of 3D imprinted cavities, with a focus on the surface imprinting of MIT, smart imprinting strategies, and the advantages and control points of sol-gel MIPs, including their modes of action, functional groups, and the control of sustainability. From the three perspectives of organic, inorganic and inorganic non-metal refractory biodegradable trace pollutants, the performance modulation and development trends of molecularly imprinted functional materials (including nanomaterials) with 3D imprinted cavities rich in functional groups prepared by MIT are summarized. Finally, we examined the present research status of MIT in routine laboratory activities and practical applications, and propose prospective hypotheses for future applications of MIT from an interdisciplinary perspective. [Display omitted] • Interactions between molecularly imprinted templates and functional monomers modulate the properties of the material. • The key technology of forming a rigid 3D imprint on the surface of the imprint layer is emphasized. • The significance of MIPs in degrading trace contaminants such as ARG was analyzed. • The existing problems and potential application prospects in this field are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The residues of oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC) in water have potential adverse effects on human health and ecological environment. Photocatalytic degradation has been widely studied in the treatment of antibiotic pollution due to its environmentally friendly and efficient characteristics. However, the band gap of traditional photocatalysts is too wide, and the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes is serious, which has negative effects on photocatalysis. Therefore, the Z-scheme heterojunction g-C 3 N 4 @MIL-101(Fe) composite photocatalyst was synthesized by high temperature calcination combined with solvothermal method. g-C 3 N 4 @MIL-101(Fe) was characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM and other tests. All the results showed that the compound was successful A series of photoelectric tests showed that g-C 3 N 4 @MIL-101(Fe) has a narrower band gap, stronger light absorption ability, and improved the separation rate of photogenerated electrons and holes. Under visible light irradiation, g-C 3 N 4 @MIL-101(Fe) could remove 87.68% of OTC in 300 min. g-C 3 N 4 @MIL-101(Fe) showed good potential for practical application in five real water samples and stability after six cycles. Finally, superoxide radicals and hole radicals were identified as the main reactive species in the photodegradation process. The mechanism and pathway of the photocatalytic degradation of OTC by g-C 3 N 4 @MIL-101(Fe) are proposed. This work expands the construction and application of Fe-MOF based Z-scheme heterostructure and provides a new idea for water pollution remediation. [Display omitted] • The g-C 3 N 4 @MIL-101(Fe) with Z-scheme heterostructure is synthesized as a new photocatalyst. • The as-synthesized material exhibits excellent photocatalytic performance for OTC in water. • ·O2- and h+ as active species play important roles during degradation process. • The degradation pathway of oxytetracycline hydrochloride was analyzed and proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, BaTiO 3 with different morphologies is obtained by controlling the Ba/Ti ratio in the precursor, reaction temperature, and reaction time. The effects of the morphology and the specific surface area of samples, as well as friction conditions on piezocatalytic and tribocatalytic performance, are investigated. BaTiO 3 exhibits the best piezocatalytic performance when it is composed of a mixed-shape of BaTiO 3 rod and particle because in this case there is a balance between the specific surface area and the piezopotetial. However, the tribocatalytic performance is majorly dependent on friction conditions such as the roughness of the reaction vessel and the rotation speed of the stirring rod. Both ⋅ O 2 − and ⋅ OH play important roles in the piezocatalytic and tribocatalytic degradation of dyes. Therefore, this work gains significant factors in piezocatalytic and tribocatalytic degradation of dyes and provides a reference for remediation of water pollution in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing demand for clean water requires the development of simple, cheap, and efficient catalysts systems for water pollution remediation. To develop cheap yet efficient hybrid advanced oxidation processes for degradation of organic pollutants in water requires their systematic comparison under similar conditions to make informed decisions of economically feasible and sustainable systems. Visible light active single BiOI and N, Pd co-doped TiO 2 were investigated for photocatalytic ozonation (PCO) for methylene blue (MB) degradation. Metal and non-metal co-doping improved morphology, band structure and active sites on the surface of TiO 2 to shift its light absorption into the visible region. The degradation of MB with BiOI PCO and N,Pd-TiO 2 PCO was practically similar but showed improvement of the ozonation mineralization efficiency. However, mineralization of MB on BiOI PCO surpassed that of N,Pd-TiO 2 PCO due to band structure that influenced generated free radicals during the PCO processes. BiOI PCO system progressed through the existence and involvement of strongly oxidizing and non-selective hydroxyl radicals towards enhanced mineralization of dye and intermediates while N,Pd-TiO 2 PCO was steered by the superoxide radical that is selective and had lower mineralization efficiency of formed intermediates despite its high initial degradation efficacy. The work demonstrated cheap and efficient visible light active semiconductors like BiOI as potential candidates for application in photocatalytic ozonation for real applications with matching activities to that of co-doped UV active semiconductors like TiO 2. This work advances the use of visible light active semiconductors towards PCO based processes for environmental pollution remediation. [Display omitted] • BiOI and N,Pd-TiO 2 were synthesized by microwave-assisted solvothermal and sol-gel. • The materials were visible light active and co-doping reduced recombination. • Catalytic ozonation improved mineralization of dye for all composites. • Band structure determined the reactive oxygen species and their involvement. • BiOI/O 3 achieved more mineralization efficiency due to OH• involvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most long-term sampling regimes are calendar based, collecting one or two samples per month regardless of the stream conditions. Loads estimated with calendar-based sampling are often used for expensive water quality mitigation measures. In this paper, we have tested the differences between the calendar-based and extensive sampling methods for two watersheds of different sizes, and three parameters—total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids. Based on the results obtained and the costs associated with the remediation, a simple decision-making framework is proposed for watershed managers to decide on the applicability of a calendar-based sampling method. Direct loads (DL) were computed using a method based on an intensive sampling of flow and other water quality parameters. Weighted regression loads (WL) were estimated using the WRTDS model designed for modified calendar-based sampling. The results suggest that for trend analysis and planning on a larger scale, long-term loads obtained from a modified calendar-based sampling regime may be used as a reasonable substitute for loads obtained from intensive sampling. However, for purposes where accurate daily loads are needed (e.g., water quality model calibration) WL may not be an effective substitute for DL. Finally, we recommend that the costs of control measures should be assessed when deciding on a sampling regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although a variety of whole-cell biosensors and biosorbents have been developed for detection and removal of heavy metal contaminants, few whole cells can be applied to both monitoring and remediation of copper pollution in water. In this study, a modified plasmid was constructed by incorporating a copper-sensing element and a copper-adsorbing element into a temperature-inducible plasmid, pBV220. This plasmid was subsequently transformed into an engineered Escherichia coli strain lacking copA and cueO. This dual-functional E. coli cell selectively responded to copper ions with a linear detection range of 0.01–25 μM at 37 °C and could express surface-displayed CueR when treated at 42 °C without any costly chemical inducers. The display of CueR on the cell surface specifically enhanced its copper adsorption capacity and rapidly removed copper ions from aqueous solutions. In addition, the CueR surface-displayed cells could be regenerated by adsorption-desorption cycles via pH regulation. Moreover, by simply using two different temperatures, the detection or adsorption of copper using this dual-functional whole cell was achieved without any cross-interference. Most importantly, it provided highly sensitive, accurate quantification, and effective removal of copper in real environmental water samples. Thus, this E. coli cell can be used for large-scale detection and remediation of copper pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Low pressure plasma technique leading to super hydrophobic fluorinated cellulose. • Low input plasma power leading to high degree of surface functionalization. • Functionalized cellulose has high hydrocarbons removal efficiency from water. • Huge adsorption capacity (270 mg/g) and fast adsorption kinetics. • Easy regeneration of the exhausted fluorine grafted cellulose material. This work reports the first example of effective purification, at laboratory level, of water polluted by petroleum hydrocarbons, by means of low pressure plasma fluorine grafted cellulose fiber extracted from Spanish Broom. In order to improve the affinity of the cellulosic surface towards water dispersed hydrocarbons, its original hydrophilic character was turned to super-hydrophobic, by a fluorine functionalization. Batch experiments were performed with the aim of studying kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of the adsorption process, as a function of the initial total hydrocarbon load and of the adsorbent amount. The kinetics data showed that the fiber removal efficiency ranged between 80–90% after one minute of contact time, in dependence of the initial hydrocarbon/fiber weight ratio (20–240 mg/g). A maximum adsorption capacity larger than 270 mg/g was estimated by fitting the adsorption isotherm measurements with the Langmuir model. It turned out that the functionalized fiber is capable to perform a significant hydrocarbons removal action if compared to other cellulosic materials reported in the literature. Finally, the efficiency of the plasma modified cellulose fiber, after iterative re-uses, was studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a worldwide industrial pollution of grave concern. AMD pollutes both water sources and the environment at large with dissolved toxic metals which are detrimental to human health. This paper reports on the preparation of polymeric ion exchange resins decorated with hydrated iron oxides and their application for the ecological removal of toxic metals ions from AMD. Methods: The hydrated iron oxide particles were incorporated within commercial chelating ion exchange resins using the precipitation method. The synthesised hybrid resins were then characterized using appropriate spectroscopic and solid-state techniques. The metal ion levels were measured using the inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). The optimization of contact time, pH, and adsorbent dosage were conducted to enhance the efficiency of adsorption of toxic metals onto the hybrid organic/inorganic nanosorbents. Kinetics and adsorption isotherms were constructed to study the adsorption mechanisms of the adsorbents. Results: The results showed that the dispersed Fe-O is hydrated and amorphous within the hybrid materials. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order shown by the high R2 values. The hybrid adsorbents were finally tested on environmental AMD samples and were able to remove toxic metals Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn at various removal degrees. Conclusion: Solution pH played a crucial role in the adsorption of toxic metals on hybrid iron oxide adsorbents. The hybrid TP-260 HFO had higher affinity for toxic metals than other prepared adsorbents thus has a potential for acidic mine water pollution remediation. The adsorbed Al(III) can be recovered using NaCl-NaOH binary solution from the loaded resins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have already proven their efficacy in the disposal of a wide array of environmental contaminants in recent years. However, the difficulties in dispersibility and agglomeration of MNPs arising from its own physical and chemical properties limit its large-scale application. Herein, we fabricated the carbon dots/fatty acid-coated MNPs (CDs/C 11 -Fe 3 O 4) through a facile and simple method. To utilize the advantage of carbon dots, these limitations can be mitigated by diminishing the size of MNPs and modifying the surface of MNPs. Detailed characterization including VSM, FT-IR, XPS and TEM conformed that the higher adsorption capacity of CDs/C 11 -Fe 3 O 4 is mainly attributed to low average size (<8 nm), which is obviously lower than that of C 11 -Fe 3 O 4 (about 13 nm). The CDs/C 11 -Fe 3 O 4 showed higher adsorption performance than that of C 11 -Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposites (76.23 ng mg−1 for CDs/C 11 -Fe 3 O 4 and 59.89 ng mg−1 for C 11 -Fe 3 O 4). The adsorption processes of BaP on both C 11 -Fe 3 O 4 and CDs/C 11 -Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposites are exothermic, and well simulated by pseudo-second-order model. Moreover, the CDs/C 11 -Fe 3 O 4 were also applied for the detection of BaP in large-volume water samples, which satisfies the China environmental protection standard, are promising candidates for water remediation. Graphical abstract fx1 Highlights • Carbon-dots modification obviously diminished the size of the nanocomposites. • Carbon-dots modification significantly enhanced the BaP adsorption capacity. • CDs/C 11 -Fe 3 O 4 exhibited excellent dispersion performance in large-volume water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Molding the electro-dissolution of the Al anode during EC operation. • Predicting both dissolved Al concentration and pH evolution during EC operation. • Simulating the EC operation for arsenic removal from water. Abstract The study of the electro-dissolution of aluminum electrodes during the electrocoagulation process is important for understanding the mechanisms involved in the process. This study involved the experimental determination of both total and dissolved aluminum concentrations during the electrocoagulation processes operation. The total aluminum concentration was fitted with the Faraday's equation and was obtained 1.6 of current efficiency, indicating a super-faradaic behavior of the electrochemical process at the given operating conditions. Additionally, a mathematical model was developed considering the electrochemical dissolution of the Al anode, water electrolysis, hydrolysis of dissolved Al and water dissociation reaction involved in the electrocoagulation process. The simulated results showed a good prediction of the evolution of both concentration of dissolved aluminum and pH during the electrocoagulation process operation. The model was also employed to simulate the removal of arsenic from water by electrocoagulation showing a good prediction of the experimental results at the operating conditions considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]