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Nucleotide sequencing of I RHCE i Exon 1 showed a C nucleotide at position c.48 associated with an I RHCE*C i allele and a standard I RHCE*C i sequence in Exon 2. The I RHCE i gene coding sequences and their adjacent intron regions were amplified by PCR and the nucleotide sequences obtained as published previously.4 We determined I RHD i zygosity by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for the presence of the hybrid Rhesus box. A null allele caused by a four-base-pair duplication within the RHCE gene encoding a D- - phenotype. [Extracted from the article]

The P1PK blood group system (ISBT 003) comprises P1, P SP k sp , and NOR antigens, all synthesized by the glycosyltransferase Gb3/CD77 enzyme. The c.547 548delAT allele has previously been found which also contained an additional alteration c.367T>C giving rise to p.Ser123Pro but does not change the phenotype in two samples from Maghreb.4 This allele was named I A4GALT*02N.07 i by ISBT. Our study demonstrated that our patient with the rare p phenotype was compound heterozygous for two nonfunctional I A4GALT i alleles. [Extracted from the article]

In this phase II study, 47 patients with locally advanced, resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) received three cycles of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy, followed by Da Vinci robot-assisted surgery. The primary endpoints were safety and major pathological response (MPR). Key secondary endpoints included complete pathological response (pCR) and survival. No grade ≥3 adverse events or surgical delays occurred during neoadjuvant therapy. Among 46 patients studied for efficacy, the MPR and pCR rates were 72% and 41%, respectively. After a median follow-up of 27.2 months, the 2-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 91% and 89%, respectively. Expansion of TRGC2+ NKT cells in peripheral blood correlated with neoadjuvant treatment effectiveness, which was validated by in vitro organoid experiments and external cancer datasets, and its functional classification and mechanism of action were further explored. These findings show preoperative pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy is a promising therapeutic strategy for resectable ESCC. [Display omitted] • Neoadjuvant pembrolizumab + chemotherapy was explored in resectable stage III ESCC • Quality of life and nutritional status improved following neoadjuvant therapy • After a median follow-up of 27.2 months, the 2-year overall survival rate was 91% • TRGC2+ NKT cells in peripheral blood are a potential response biomarker Shang et al. demonstrate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced, resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a phase II clinical trial. They identify TRGC2+ NKT cells as potential biomarkers of response using single-cell RNA-seq in peripheral blood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a novel single-nucleotide substitution in the erythroid cell-specific regulatory element on B allele in an individual with phenotype B3. ABO blood group typing of a 44-year-old Chinese Han patient was determined using a gel test kit. Particular focus is also given to the importance of correct identification of ABO subgroups in improving the accuracy of blood typing.

The article discusses a novel single-nucleotide substitution in the erythroid cell-specific regulatory element on B allele in an individual with phenotype B3. ABO blood group typing of a 44-year-old Chinese Han patient was determined using a gel test kit. Particular focus is also given to the importance of correct identification of ABO subgroups in improving the accuracy of blood typing.

The article presents a case study of a 34-year-old female patient who showed discrepancy in forward and reverse typying of ABO blood group. Topics discussed include presence of weak B antigens on red blood cells (RBCs), association between B101 allele and c.502C>G single-nucleotide polymorphism and changes in position of ABO protein due to amino acids.

Piezo-photocatalysis is a frontier technology for converting mechanical and solar energies into crucial chemical substances and has emerged as a promising and sustainable strategy for N 2 fixation. Here, for the first time, defects and piezoelectric field are synergized to achieve unprecedented piezo-photocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) activity and their collaborative catalytic mechanism is unraveled over BaTiO 3 with tunable oxygen vacancies (OVs). The introduced OVs change the local dipole state to strengthen the piezoelectric polarization of BaTiO 3 , resulting in a more efficient separation of photogenerated carrier. Ti 3+ sites adjacent to OVs promote N 2 chemisorption and activation through d-π back-donation with the help of the unpaired d-orbital electron. Furthermore, a piezoelectric polarization field could modulate the electronic structure of Ti 3+ to facilitate the activation and dissociation of N 2 , thereby substantially reducing the reaction barrier of the rate-limiting step. Benefitting from the synergistic reinforcement mechanism and optimized surface dynamics processes, an exceptional piezo-photocatalytic NH 3 evolution rate of 106.7 µmol g -1  h -1 is delivered by BaTiO 3 with moderate OVs, far surpassing that of previously reported piezocatalysts/piezo-photocatalysts. New perspectives are provided here for the rational design of an efficient piezo-photocatalytic system for the NRR., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Objective: To investigate the serological and molecular characteristics of a pedigree carrying an allele for ABO*BW.11 blood subgroup., Methods: The ABO blood type of 9 pedigree members were determined by serological methods. Exons 6 and 7 of the ABO gene were amplified by PCR and directly sequenced. The patient and her father were also subjected to clone sequencing analysis., Results: Serological tests demonstrated that the proband and her younger brother had an ABw subtype, whilst her father and two daughters had Bw subtype. Clone sequencing found that the exon 7 of the ABO gene of the proband had a T>C substitution at position 695, which was identified as a BW.11 allele compared with the reference sequence B.01. This BW.11 allele was also identified in the proband's father, brother and two daughters. Due to allelic competition, the A/BW.11 and BW.11/O alleles demonstrated significantly different phenotypes., Conclusion: The c.695T>C substitution of the ABO gene may lead to allelic competition in the Bw11 subtype. Combined molecular and serological methods is helpful for precise blood grouping.

Objective: To identify a rare subtype of the ABO blood group system and explore its molecular basis., Methods: Based on a standard serological assay, ABO subtype and haplotype were analyzed through PCR amplification of the 7 exons and adjacent introns of the ABO gene and TA clone sequencing., Results: Forward typing showed a B type, while reverse typing demonstrated an extremely weak anti-B on routine gel analysis, which indicated a forward and reverse typing discrepancy. Absorption-elution testing confirmed that there was no A antigen on the surface of patient's red blood cells. Sequencing of the ABO gene showed a G>A exchange at position 523 in exon 7, which resulted in a Val to Met substitution at codon 175. Clone sequencing of the amplificons of the ABO gene showed an ABO* Bw14/O01 heterozygote genotype., Conclusion: Molecular method is useful for the identification of ambiguous blood groups. A 523G>A substitution of the ABO gene resulting in a Bw14 subtype probably underlies the weak B phenotype noted in the patient.

Objective: To explore the molecular mechanism underlying the DEL phenotype among RhD negative ethnic Han individuals from Jiangsu, China., Methods: The DEL phenotype was determined by an adsorption elution test among 57 RhD negative blood donors. The Rh C, c, E, and e phenotypes were detected by a tube method. PCR with sequence-specific primering (PCR-SSP) assay was used to determine the RHCE genotypes. The RHD gene of the DEL individuals were amplified with polymerase chain reaction and subjected to Sanger sequencing analysis., Results: Among the 57 RhD negative donors, 10 (17.54%) were determined as having the DEL phenotype. The major RhCE phenotypes for DEL and RhD negative cases were RhCcee (80.0%) and Rhccee (61.7%), respectively. All RHD gene sequences of the 10 individuals have harbored a G>A mutation at position 1227 of exon 9., Conclusion: A proportion of RhD negative individuals determined by routine serological method are actually DEL with RHD gene mutations. RHD *1227A is the most prevalent DEL genotype among ethnic Han Chinese from Jiangsu. Further research on the phenotype and underlying molecular mechanism of DEL is important for blood transfusion.

Objective: To analyze the etiology and complications of the tracheotomy in children., Method: A hundred and fifty-six cases of tracheotomized children were retrospectively analyzed., Result: Three of the 156 cases died for protopathy, 132 cases extubated smoothly after the protopathies curing, 21 cases (including the laryngeal papilloma 18 ones) left hospital with endotracheal tubes. The complication's incidence rate was 23.1%, of these 1.9% was severer., Conclusion: The children's tracheotomy is distinct. Tracheotomy in children should hold indication correctly and operated versedly and nursed meticulously in order to reduce complications.