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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen, and because of its specificity, its treatments appear tricky in postrhinoplasty infections with internal implants. This study summarizes the clinical characteristics and treatment of this type of infections to provide some reference for clinical work.We retrospectively analyzed 10 patients who were diagnosed with a nasal infection of P. aeruginosa after implant nasal augmentation. The results of the bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test of the patients' wound secretions were summarized and analyzed. We summarized the characteristics of the patients' infection and the treatments, and we also summarized the patients' prognosis.In these 10 cases, their implants included rib cartilage and ear cartilage alone, as well as their own cartilage combined with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene and silicone. All patients developed wound infections within 1 month after rhinoplasty, with bacterial cultures of P. aeruginosa . Prolonged use of sensitive antibiotics, as well as wound dressing changes, failed to keep the infection well under control. Patients whose implant was removed and thoroughly debrided within 1 week of infection did not experience any serious complications. In patients who were infected for1 week before surgery to remove the implants, complications such as nasal column necrosis and nasal contracture occurred, and later the nasal repair was performed after multiple surgeries.For bacterial infections in postrhinoplasty wounds with implants, we recommend early bacterial culture. If the infection is clearly P. aeruginosa , the implant should be removed and thoroughly debrided as soon as possible to avoid serious complications.Level IV.

The mechanical properties and deformation mechanism of a C-doped interstitial high-entropy alloy (iHEA) with a nominal composition of Fe49.5Mn29.7Co9.9Cr9.9C1 (at. %) were investigated. An excellent combination of strength and ductility was obtained by cold rolling and annealing. The structure of the alloy is consisted of FCC matrix and randomly distributed Cr23C6. For gaining a better understanding of deformation mechanism, EBSD and TEM were conducted to characterize the microstructure of tensile specimens interrupted at different strains. At low strain (2%), deformation is dominated by dislocations and their partial slip. With the strain increase to 20%, deformation-driven athermal phase transformation and dislocations slip are the main deformation mechanism. While at high strain of 35% before necking, deformation twins have been observed besides the HCP phase. The simultaneous effect of phase transformation (TRIP effect) and mechanical twins (TWIP effect) delay the shrinkage, and improve the tensile strength and plasticity. What's more, compared with the HEA without C addition, the yield strength of the C-doped iHEA has been improved, which can be attributed to the grain refinement strengthening and precipitation hardening. Together with the lattice friction and solid solution strengthening, the theoretical calculated values of yield strength match well with the experimental results.

Nb2O5 can adjust the electronic structure of SNiC2O4 and improve the catalytic activity. Replacing the OER with the HzOR for hydrogen production can save 80% of energy consumption.

Inflammatory responses play a critical role in the progress of neurodegenerative disorders. MSC-Exos is considered to have an anti-inflammatory effect on the treatment strategy for brain injury. However, the therapeutic effect and possible mechanism of Exosomal miR-210 on microglia polarization-induced neuroinflammation and neurite outgrowth have not been reported. MSC-Exos were isolated by ultracentrifugation, identified by Nanosight NS300, transmission electron microscopy, and western bolt. In vitro, to explore the protective mechanism of MSC-Exos against neuroinflammation, the microglial BV2 cell was exposed to lipopolysaccharide to assess inflammatory changes. The intake of 1,1’-dioctadecyl-3,3,3’,3’-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (Dil)-MSC-Exos into microglia was observed by fluorescence microscopy. The results showed that Exosomal miR-210 treatment significantly inhibited the production of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Exosomal miR-210 treatment also increased the number of M2 microglia cells and inhibited M1 microglia polarization. In addition, western blot demonstrated that Exosomal miR-210 reduced neuronal apoptosis. Thus, Exosomal miR-210 attenuated neuronal inflammation and promoted neurite outgrowth. Exosomal miR-210 from MSCs attenuated neuronal inflammation and contributed to neurogenesis possibly by inhibiting microglial M1 polarization.

The influence of cooling rate on microstructural evolution and precipitation behavior in Ti, Ti–Nb and Ti–Mo low-carbon steels during the continuous cooling process was studied by dilatometer method, optical microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicated that austenite transformation temperature decreased with the increasing cooling rate in three steels. The addition of Nb and Mo promoted bainite and martensite transformation and improved the hardenability of steels. In addition, precipitates formed in deformed austenite and ferrite can be observed simultaneously. Deformation in the austenite non-recrystallization zone can introduce a large number of deformation bands, and then, the precipitates preferentially nucleated in these deformation bands. In the following process, randomly distributed precipitates and interphase precipitates will be formed in ferrite. The precipitates formed in deformed austenite obey Kurdjumov–Sachs orientation relationship with the matrix, while the precipitates formed in ferrite obey Baker–Nutting orientation relationship with the matrix. The addition of Nb and Mo in Ti-bearing steels decreased the precipitates size and increased the number density of precipitates and then improved the precipitation hardening. And the effect of Mo addition is more obvious than that of Nb addition.

Spider mites (Tetranychidae) are destructive agricultural pests that have evolved strategies to overcome plant defenses, such as the ability to puncture the leaves of their hosts to feed. The expression of many genes with unknown functions is altered during feeding, but little is known about the role of these genes in plant-mite interactions. Here, we identified three novel gene families through analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data from three spider mite species. These GARP family genes encode glycine and alanine-rich proteins; they are present in mites (Acariformes) but absent in ticks (Parasitiformes) in the subclass Acari, indicating that these genes have undergone a significant expansion in spider mites and thus play important adaptive roles. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the expression of GARP genes is strongly correlated with feeding and the transfer to new hosts. We used RNA interference to silence GARP1d in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae, which inhibited feeding and egg laying and significantly increased mortality when the mites were transferred to soybean shoots; a similar effect was observed after TuVATPase was silenced. However, no changes in mite mortality were observed after TuGARP1d-silenced mites were placed on an artificial diet, which was different from the effect of TuVATPase silencing. Our results indicate that GARP family members play important roles in mite-plant interactions. Additional studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying these interactions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

This study established a high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of verbascoside(VB) and its main metabolite caffeic acid(CA) in rat tissue samples. A low-pressure low-oxygen animal experimental chamber was used to simulate the plateau environment for establishing the hypoxic rat model. After intragastric administration of 300 mg·kg~(-1) VB, the normoxic and hypoxic rats were sacrificed for the collection of heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain, muscle, large intestine, small intestine, and stomach tissue samples at the time points of 30, 60, and 90 min. VB and CA concentrations in each tissue sample were measured by HPLC, and the distribution of VB and CA in normoxic and hypoxic rats was compared. The results showed that after intragastric administration, VB can be rapidly absorbed and distributed into various tissues including brain in both normoxic and hypoxic rats, indicating that VB can pass through the blood-brain barrier. In the gastrointestinal tract, VB was mainly distributed in small intestine, which suggested that the main absorption site of VB was small intestine. A large amount of VB was detected in muscle and lung, and only a small amount in other tissues. CA was detected in other tissues except brain, heart, and muscle. Small intestine had the most abundant CA, followed by stomach, large intestine, and kidney, and only a small amount of CA was detected in the liver, spleen, and lung(lt;50 ng·mL~(-1)). The results indicated that VB may be mainly absorbed and metabolized in the gastrointestinal tract to produce CA and was possibly excreted through kidney. Compared with normoxic rats, hypoxic rats had reduced and slow distribution of VB and increased ratio of VB concentration in tissue to plasma, which implied that the relative proportion of VB from systemic circulation to tissues was increased in hypoxic rats. This study provides a basis for the application of VB in anti-hypoxia therapy and for the formulation of anti-hypoxia dosing regimens.

Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug used for mental disorders. There are limited studies providing sufficient pharmacokinetic data, thus the variability of concentrations of olanzapine used in Chinese paediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years remains to be evaluated.Therapeutic drug monitoring data were collected from 151 paediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years who received olanzapine. The model was developed with a NONMEM software program. The final model validation and evaluation were assessed by bootstrap, diagnostic scatter plots, and normalized prediction distribution error (NPDE). Regimens of different dosages were simulated to reach the target concentration levels of 20 ng/ml, by using the final model with typical parameters.The one-compartment model was considered the best fit for the data. Typical estimates of the absorption rate constant (Ka), apparent clearance (CL/F), and apparent distribution volume (V/F) in the final model were 0.142 hOur results identified concomitant valproate and sex as significant covariates in olanzapine population pharmacokinetics. Our model may be a useful tool for recommending dosage adjustments for physicians. The pharmacokinetics of olanzapine in patients aged 10 to 17 years was generally similar to that of adults and the elderly.

Li, Xiao-lin, Wei-gang Wang, Mao-xing Li, Tian-long Liu, Xiu-yu Tian, and Lan Wu. Effects of altitude and duration of differing levels of hypoxic exposure on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in rat tissues.

This study examines the interest rate pass-through (IRPT) mechanism in China after the interest rate liberalization by using the nonlinear ARDL (NARDL) model proposed by Shin et al. (2014). In order to dissect the IRPT of China appropriately, the interest rate transmission is divided into three stages in which changes in the policy rate are first transmitted to the target market rate and in turn, to the other interbank market rates and treasury bond rates, and eventually to the bank retail rates and corporate bond rates. The empirical results show that though changes in the monetary policy rate can be completely transmitted to the policy target market rate, they appear to be passed on to the other interbank market rates excessively and to the bank lending rates incompletely. Moreover, the pass-through from the policy target rate to the bond market rates is in general more sufficient than the pass-through to the bank retail rates. In addition, the patterns of asymmetry can be identified for the pass-through in the second and third stages, with the impact of positive shocks on the policy target rate being more pronounced than that of negative shocks either in the short or long run. These findings suggest that the interest rate transmission after the interest rate liberalization in China is far from being as effective as expected, and policy rate cuts might not have desirable effects on the real economy in the context of the recession.

Structural defect detection based on finite element model (FEM) updating is an optimization problem by minimizing the discrepancy of responses between model and measurement. Researchers have introduced many methods to perform the FEM updating for defect detection of the structures. A popular approach is to adopt the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. In this process, the fitness function is a critical factor in the success of the PSO-FEM approach. Our objective is to compare the performances of four fitness functions based on natural frequencies using the standard PSO-FEM approach for defect detection. In this paper, the definition of the standard PSO algorithm is first presented. After constructing the finite element benchmark model of the beam structure, four commonly used fitness functions based on natural frequencies are outlined. Their performance in defect detection of beam structures will be evaluated using the standard PSO-FEM approach. Finally, in the numerical simulations, the population diversity, success rate, mean iterations, and CPU time of the four fitness functions for the algorithm are calculated. The simulation results comprehensively evaluate their performances for single defect and multidefect scenario, and the effectiveness and superiority of the fitness function S 4 will be demonstrated.

This study explores the cyclical features and the dynamic spillovers among monetary policy cycle, financial cycles (including credit, housing and stock market cycles) and business cycle in China during 1998–2018. We find that the five cycles exhibit a strong synchronicity in terms of responses to extreme events, and the spillovers among them are bi-directional and time-varying. Stock market cycle replacing business cycle becomes the main risk transmitter after the recent global financial crisis, while monetary policy and credit cycles act as risk receivers over the entire sample. Our findings verify the importance of financial cycle shock in business cycle dynamics and monetary policy formulation.

This study examines the dynamic volatility connectedness between different types of policy uncertainty and sectoral stock markets in both the time and frequency domains in China. Using the time–frequency connectedness index approach, we find extremely high connectedness between policy uncertainty and Chinese sectoral stock markets mainly in the medium and long terms. In particular, uncertainty regarding monetary policies makes the weakest contribution to spillovers among the four policy uncertainties, while uncertainty regarding trade policies contributes prominently. The energy, financial, IT, telecommunication services and utilities sectors are the most vulnerable to policy uncertainties.

The requirement of hydrogen adsorption Gibbs free energy (ΔGH*) approximating to 0 eV limits the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity of most electrocatalysts in alkaline media. The construction of interface and defects engineering is an effective strategy to obtain the optimal ΔGH*. Ni3N exhibits poor HER activity due to its undesirable ΔGH*. By cooperating with Nb2O5, the d-band center of Ni3N was reduced, improving its catalytic performance. The optimized Nb2O5–Ni3N displays an overpotential of 80 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and superior activity than the benchmark Pt/C catalyst when the current density is greater than 125 mA cm−2. Experimental and density functional theory results demonstrate that the improved catalytic activity is because the electronic interaction between Ni and Nb changes the coordination numbers of these two atoms, resulting in oxygen vacancies at the interface. Under the synergistic effect of Nb2O5 and Ni3N, the catalyst exhibits optimal ΔGH* and water adsorption energy.

In recent years, the safety of traditional Chinese medicine has gradually attracted consumers’ attention. Therefore, the qualitative and quantitative detection of traditional Chinese medicine has become a hot research topic in recent years. In this paper, we chose prepared Rehmannia root as the research object. By using the fluorescence polarization spectrum and the least-square method, a method for predicting the concentration of traditional Chinese medicine solutions was established. First, we scanned the fluorescence polarization spectra of the prepared Rehmannia root solution to obtain the inner anisotropy and anisotropy of each sample. Then, the least-square method was used to obtain the functional relationship between concentration and anisotropy. Finally, the functional relation was applied to predict the concentration of the prepared Rehmannia root solution. The correlation coefficients of the predicted concentration were 0.9944 and 0.9928, with an average recovery rate of 100.94% and 99.58%, respectively. The results show that fluorescence polarization spectroscopy combined with the least-squares method can quickly and accurately detect the concentration of Rehmannia glutinosa root solution. This provides a new method for the content detection of traditional Chinese medicine components.

To investigate the effect of aqueous extract of Astragalus membranaceus on cognitive ability of rats living at high altitude.Rats were exposed to a simulated highaltitude hypobaric hypoxia chamber. The behavior of rats was tested by eight-arm maze. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) in hippocampus were measured. The expressions of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and cleaved capase-3 in hippocampus were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.The behavioral cognitive ability of the hypoxic control group was significantly lower than that of the normoxic control group. Under hypoxic environment, after the administration of aqueous extract of Astragalus membranaceus, the behavioral cognitive ability of rats was significantly improved. In hippocampal tissue, the content of MDA and ROS were significantly decreased, while the content of GSH and activity of T-SOD in hippocampus were significantly increased. The mRNA expression of mTOR and P70S6K and the protein expression of p-mTOR were significantly increased; the mRNA expression of 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) and the protein expression of phosphorylated-4E-BP1 (p-4EBP1) and cleaved capase-3 were significantly decreased.When the rats are exposed to high altitude hypoxia, the behavioral cognitive ability could be significantly reduced. Aqueous extract of Astragalus membranaceus can significantly improve cognitive function in rats under hypoxia. The potential mechanism is related to improving oxidative stress, reducing the accumulation of free radicals and metabolites, and activating mTOR signaling pathway.

Background Recent guidelines highlighted the association between atherosclerosis and triglyceride-enriched lipoproteins in patients with impaired glucose metabolism. However, evidence from prospective studies for long-term prognostic utility of low-density lipoprotein triglyceride (LDL-TG) in real-world patients with prediabetes (Pre-DM) or diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) is currently not available. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of LDL-TG on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with stable CAD under different glucose metabolism status. Methods A total of 4381 patients with CAD were consecutively enrolled and plasma LDL-TG level was measured by an automated homogeneous assay. They were categorized according to both status of glucose metabolism [DM, Pre-DM, normal glycaemia regulation (NGR)] and tertiles of LDL-TG. All subjects were followed up for the occurrence of MACEs. Results During a median of 5.1 (interquartile range 3.9 to 5.9) years’ follow-up, 507 (11.6%) MACEs occurred. Cubic spline models showed a significant association between LDL-TG and MACEs in DM and Pre-DM but not in NGR. When the combined effect of elevated LDL-TG and glucose disorders was considered for risk stratification, the medium tertile of LDL-TG plus DM, and the highest tertile of LDL-TG plus Pre-DM or plus DM subgroups were associated with significantly higher risk of MACEs after adjustment of confounders including triglyceride [hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals): 1.843 (1.149–2.955), 1.828 (1.165–2.867), 2.212 (1.396–3.507), all p Conclusions In this longitudinal cohort study on real-world practice, higher LDL-TG was associated with worse outcomes among Pre-DM and DM patients with stable CAD.

We develop a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model with housing and banking to study the transmission of financial shocks between the financial and real sectors. A deterioration in the bank's balance sheet induced by financial shocks could have amplified and persistent impacts on real activities. The amplification of the shocks are originated from financial frictions tied to households and banks. We find that a disruption in bank net worth initiated by capital quality shocks generates a decline in household loans, house prices and output. Bank liquidity shocks also have negative effects on these variables. Housing preference shocks could generate a positive comovement between house prices and output. All these findings are qualitatively consistent with empirical evidence, suggesting that these financial shocks are critical to the dynamics of house prices and other macroeconomic variables.

The control of the retained austenite in Fe-3.0%Mn Low carbon steel by a three-step intercritical heat treatment and the low-temperature impact toughness evolution during the process were analyzed in the present study. The results indicated that the microstructure consisted intercritical ferrite, martensite/bainite and retained austenite. The distribution of carbon and manganese could improve the stability of the austenite located at the grain boundaries of prior austenite and lath boundaries of martensite. For the TRIP effect of the austenite, the excellent plasticity and low temperature toughness was obtained. The impact toughness could reach 200 J (impact energy) at －80 °C during the three-step heat treatment, and the uniform elongation could exceed at 16%.

Replantation of a lower extremity amputated at the knee joint level in a child is rare. We present a case of a 3-year-old child with his right leg totally severed from the knee joint in a traumatic accident. After 5 hours of cold ischemia time, together with antishock therapies, the child underwent leg replantation under stable conditions. The replanted lower limb finally survived after several surgical procedures. The patient was discharged 4 weeks after admission and had restored partial motor and sensory functions 6 months after surgery. During follow-ups, the patient underwent sustained rehabilitation and recovered well. Two years after replantation, secondary knee reconstruction was performed and yielded favorable aesthetic and functional improvement. In brief, a successful knee-level replantation in a child is attributed to correct preoperative first aid, excellent microsurgical skills, and intensive postoperative management.

It has been a fascinating and significant topic that how the chemical composition and surface structure of nanomaterials govern the catalytic performance. In this paper, we deliberately design molybdenum phosphosulfide nanoparticles anchored on the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and systematically study the correlation between structure/surface composition and the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity and stability. We discover that the HER activities show significant enhancement with the incorporation of P in the molybdenum disulfide structure (MoS2|P/CNT) or S in the molybdenum phosphide structure (MoP|S/CNT). The stability of the MoS2|P/CNT catalyst exhibits high stability which is consistent with the pristine MoS2/CNT, while the stability of the MoP/CNT sample is enhanced after the introduction of the S element. The density function theory (DFT) results indicate that the doped P atoms in the MoS2 structure provide more enhanced active sites, leading to promoted HER activity. For the MoP|S/CNT samples, the doped S site is calculated to be less active for HER yet can greatly enhance P site to present better activity. The anion doping effect unveiled here provides insights into molybdenum phosphosulfides for HER and may also be expanded to broad catalyst design for energy related applications.

Background: The healing of cutaneous wounds requires better strategies, which remain a challenge. Previous reports indicated that the therapeutic function of mesenchymal stem cells is mediated by exosomes. This work demonstrated the regenerative effects of engineered BMSCsderived Exosomal miR-542-3p in skin wound mouse models. Methods: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) -derived exosomes (BMSCs-Exos) were isolated by ultracentrifugation and identified by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA). BMSCs-Exo was loaded with miRNA-542-3p by electroporation. We explored the effects of miRNA-542-3p-Exo on the proliferation and migration of Human Skin Fibroblasts (HSFs)/Human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMECs). In addition, The angiogenesis of HMECs was detected by Tube formation assay in vitro. The effects of miRNA-542-3p-Exo in the skin wound mouse model were detected by H&E staining, Masson staining, and immunofluorescence analysis. We assessed the effect of miRNA-542-3p-Exo on collagen deposition, new blood vessel formation, and wound remodeling in a skin wound mouse model. Results: MiRNA-542-3p-Exos could be internalized by HSFs/HMECs and enhance the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HSFs/HMECs in vitro and in vivo. The protein expression of collagen1/3 was significantly increased after miRNA-542-3p-Exo treatment in HSFs. In addition, the local injection of miRNA-542-3p-Exo promoted cellular proliferation, collagen deposition, neovascularization, and accelerated wound closure. Conclusion: This study suggested that miRNA-542-3p-Exo can stimulate HSFs/HMECs function. The treatment of miRNA-542-3p-Exo in the skin wound mouse model significantly promotes wound repair. The therapeutic potential of miRNA-542-3p-Exo may be a future therapeutic strategy for cutaneous wound healing.

Taxus trees are major natural sources for the extraction of taxol, an anti-cancer agent used worldwide. Taxus media is a dioecious woody tree with high taxol yield. However, the sexually dimorphic accumulation of taxoids in T. media is largely unknown. Our study revealed high accumulation of taxoids in female T. media trees using a UPLC–MS/MS method. Thereafter, many differential metabolites and genes between female and male T. media trees were identified using metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses, respectively. Most of the taxol-related genes were predominantly expressed in female trees. A female-specific R2R3-MYB transcription factor gene, TmMYB39, was identified. Furthermore, bimolecular fluorescence complementation and yeast two-hybrid assays suggested the potential interaction between TmMYB39 and TmbHLH13. Several taxol biosynthesis-related promoter sequences were isolated and used for the screening of MYB recognition elements. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay indicated that TmMYB39 could bind to the promoters of the GGPPS, T10OH, T13OH, and TBT genes. Interaction between TmMYB39 and TmbHLH13 transactivated the expression of the GGPPS and T10OH genes. TmMYB39 might function in the transcriptional regulation of taxol biosynthesis through an MYB-bHLH module. Our results give a potential explanation for the sexually dimorphic biosynthesis of taxol in T. media.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is associated with high morbidity and mortality, thus imposing a growing burden on modern society. Herb-derived bicyclol (BIC) is a versatile bioactive compound that can be used to treat AS. However, its efficacy in AS is not yet described. Here, it is shown that BIC normalizes gut microflora dysbiosis induced by a high fat diet in Apoe

Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing Crohn's disease (CD), higher disease activity, and comparatively worse clinical outcomes.To investigate the role of mesenteric adipose tissue-derived exosomes in the pathogenesis of CD aggravation in obese individuals.First, we induced colitis in mice initiated on high-fat and normal diets and compared the severity of colitis. We then extracted and identified exosomes from mesenteric adipose tissue and determined the levels of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in mesenteric adipose tissue-derived exosomes and the colon. Next, we demonstrated an interaction between MALAT1 and the miR-15a-5p/activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) axis. Finally, we explored the effects of mesenteric adipose tissue-derived exosomes extracted from mice fed a high-fat or normal diet on the severity of 2,4,6-trinitrobe-nzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis and ATF6-related endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways.High-fat diet was found to aggravate TNBS-induced colitis in mice. The expression of MALAT1 in mesenteric adipose tissue-derived exosomes of high-fat diet-fed mice increased. The increased expression of MALAT1 in colon tissue exacerbated TNBS-induced colitis and activated the ATF6 endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. This effect was partially reversed by the reduced expression of MALAT1 and overexpression of miR-15a-5p.Mesenteric adipose tissue-derived exosome-encapsulated long noncoding RNAs MALAT1 targets the colon and aggravates TNBS-induced colitis in obese mice, which may potentially act on the miR-15a-5p/ATF6 axis and activate endoplasmic reticulum stress.

To explore whether resveratrol dependents on the production of suppressor of cytokine signaling suppressor 3 (SOCS-3) in inhibiting mRNA production of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) in osteoblasts induced by lipopolysaccharides(LPS) extracted from Porphyromonas endodontalis(P.e).MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with different concentrations of resveratrol (0, 5, 10 and 20 μmol/L) and 20 μmol/L resveratrol for different time( 0, 10, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min). The expression of SOCS-3 protein was detected by Western blot. MC3T3-E1 cells were transfected with mouse SOCS3 siRNA (si-SOCS-3) and control siRNA(si-control). Reverse transcription real-time PCR(real-time RT-PCR) and Western blot was used to detect the silencing efficiency of SOCS-3. Cells were stimulated by 20 μg/mL P.e-LPS for 24 h after transfection, in the absence or presence of 20 μmol/L resveratrol for 1 h , and the changes of MIP-2 mRNA were determined by real-time RT-PCR. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Dunnett t test with SPSS 13.0 software package.Treatment of MC3T3-El cells with different concentrations of resveratrol caused a significant increase in SOCS-3 protein expression in a dose-dependent manner. During the observation time of 180 min, SOCS-3 protein expression was the highest at 20 μmol/L resveratrol-treated osteoblasts for 60 min. The silencing efficiency of SOCS-3 mRNA was 63.7%. Transfection with SOCS-3 siRNA increased MIP-2 mRNA expression in LPS-stimulated MC3T3-E1 cells and negated the inhibitory effects of resveratrol on LPS-induced MIP-2 mRNA expression(P0.05).Resveratrol inhibits the expression of MIP-2 mRNA in osteoblasts induced by P.e-LPS by up-regulating the expression of SOCS-3 protein.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the analysis of blonanserin and its active metabolite, N-desethyl blonanserin, in rat plasma has been developed and validated. The biological samples were treated by simple direct protein precipitation before separation on an Agilent Eclipse Plus C18 column (4.6 × 100 mm, 3.5 μm) with a column temperature of 35°C at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The mobile phase A is a mixture of methanol and water (75 : 25, v/v, 5 mM ammonium formate), and the mobile phase B is acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid. The ratio of mobile phase A to mobile phase B is 15 : 85. Electrospray ionization (ESI) multiple reaction monitoring modes are used for detection, which are m/z 368.10 ⟶ 296.90 (blonanserin), m/z 340.15 ⟶ 297.05(N-desethyl blonanserin), and m/z 348.15⟶ 302.05 (N-desethyl blonanserin-d8). The linear response range was 0.1–100.0 ng/mL for blonanserin and N-desethyl blonanserin. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ), calibration curves, carryover, and matrix effects were sufficiently accurate and precise according to the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) guidelines for bioanalytical method validation. This analytical method was successfully applied in a blonanserin-poloxamer thermosensitive gel pharmacokinetic study in rats.

In the past few decades, vibration-based structural damage detection (SDD) has attracted widespread attention. Using the response data of engineering structures, the researchers have developed many methods for damage localization and quantification. Adopting meta-heuristic algorithms, in which particle swarm optimization (PSO) is the most widely used, is a popular approach. Various PSO variants have also been proposed for improving its performance in SDD, and they are generally based on the Global topology. However, in addition to the Global topology, other topologies are also developed in the related literature to enhance the performance of the PSO algorithm. The effects of PSO topologies depend significantly on the studied problems. Therefore, in this article, we conduct a performance investigation of eight PSO topologies in SDD. The success rate and mean iterations that are obtained from the numerical simulations are considered as the evaluation indexes. Furthermore, the average rank and Bonferroni-Dunn’s test are further utilized to perform the statistic analysis. From these analysis results, the Four Clusters are shown to be the more favorable PSO topologies in SDD.

This paper adopts wavelet analysis to explore the time–frequency comovement and causality between the exchange rates and the interest rate differentials in China (compared to the USA) over the period from February 1999 to March 2018. While the existing literature in general treats the relationship between the two variables as being symmetric, this paper attempts to detect possible asymmetric patterns by extending the standard wavelet analysis to an asymmetric analysis. In addition, given that the relationship might be affected by exchange rate expectations and foreign exchange interventions, we further employ the partial wavelet tools to filter out the effects of the two controlled variables. The results show that the general pattern of the comovement and causality does not change. The comovement is intensified at the low frequency after the exchange rate reform in 2005. Moreover, exchange rates are found to positively comove with interest rate differentials, and the former leads the latter. More importantly, we provide robust evidence of meaningful asymmetry and substantial time and frequency variations in the comovement and causality between the two variables. These findings provide important implications for improving the transmission of monetary policy in China.

Highly active, earth-abundant, and stable electrocatalysts are indispensable for overall water splitting. In this work, hierarchical dendrite-like Co0.75Ni0.25 alloy prepared by a simple hydrothermal reduction route can serve as a high-performance catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction. The synergistic effect from Co and Ni atoms optimizes the catalytic behavior of their alloy, and the hierarchical dendrite structure enlarges the contact area with the electrolyte, exposing more active sites. Based on the dendrite-like Co0.75Ni0.25 alloy, we further fabricate a core-shell architecture with the conductive N-doped carbon shell coated dendrite-like CoNi/CoNiO2 nanocomposites via a calcination process at 600 ℃ (CoNi/CoNiO2@NC-600). The dendrite-like CoNi/CoNiO2@NC-600 displays significantly improved activity of oxygen evolution reaction due to large active surface area, high conductivity, and the continuous electron transfer among metal, metal oxide, and N-doped carbon. Furthermore, the dendrite-like Co0.75Ni0.25 alloy and CoNi/CoNiO2@NC-600 are assembled into a water splitting electrolyzer with a low voltage of 1.51 V to drive a current density of 10 mA cm−2.

With the change in environment and lifestyle, the number of diabetic patients is increasing rapidly. Diabetes has become one of the most important chronic diseases affecting the health of the Chinese people, and complications, disability, death and treatment costs caused by diabetes have placed a heavy burden on families and society. If the high-risk population of diabetes can be identified and the adverse lifestyle can be changed as soon as possible, the incidence of diabetes can be reduced or the onset of diabetes can be slowed down. Risk prediction model can accurately predict the risk of disease and has been widely used in the field of health management and medical care. This study was based on the special occupational group of steel workers, the risk prediction model of type 2 diabetes was established by using convolutional neural network, and the feasibility of the model was discussed. The results showed that the prediction accuracy of the established model in the training set, verification set, and test set is relatively high, which is 94.5%, 91.0%, and 89.0%, respectively. The area under the ROC curve was 0.950 (95 CI 0.938–0.962), 0.916 (95 CI 0.888–0.945), and 0.899 (95 CI 0.899–0.939), respectively, indicating that the model can accurately predict the risk of type 2 diabetes among steel workers, provide a basis for self-health management of steel workers, facilitate the rational allocation of medical and health resources and the development of health services, and provide a basis for government departments to make decisions.