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Miao Wang,1,* Hua-Ping Xiong,2,* Kai Sheng,1 Xing-Bing Sun,1 Xiao-Qian Zhao,3 Qing-Ren Liu1 1Department of Anesthesiology, Xishan People’s Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi, 214105, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, 214002, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Breast Diseases, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, 214002, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Qing-Ren Liu, Department of Anesthesiology, Xishan People’s Hospital of Wuxi City, No. 1128 Dacheng Road, Wuxi, 214105, People’s Republic of China, Email liuqr5250@163.com Xiao-Qian Zhao, Department of Breast Diseases, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 48 Huaishu Alley, Wuxi, 214002, People’s Republic of China, Email 7093163@qq.comBackground: Perioperative multimodal analgesia can prevent chronic pain after breast cancer surgery. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of combined perioperative oral pregabalin and postoperative esketamine in preventing chronic pain after breast cancer surgery.Methods: Ninety patients undergoing elective breast cancer surgery were randomized into the combined pregabalin and esketamine group (EP group) and the general anesthesia alone group (Control group). The EP group received 150 mg of oral pregabalin 1 h before surgery and twice daily for seven days postoperatively, and a patient-controlled analgesia pump after surgery that delivered 100 μg sufentanil + 1.25 mg/kg esketamine + 4 mg tropisetron in 100 mL saline solution intravenously. The Control group received placebo capsules before and after the surgery and routine postoperative analgesia (100 μg sufentanil + 4 mg tropisetron in 100 mL saline solution). The primary outcome was the incidence of

Xing-Bing Pan,1,* Hong-Xia Wang,2,* Ya-Jing Cao,3 Yan-Yu Liu4 1Performance Appraisal Office, Children’s Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University/The Tumour Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China; 3Institutes for Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases Control and Prevention, Hebei Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China; 4Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University/The Tumour Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yan-Yu Liu, Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University/The Tumour Hospital of Hebei Province, No. 12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-311-8591-1878, Email liuyy_1022@163.comPurpose: As one of the most rapidly aging countries in the world, the elderly population is expected to reach over 400 million in China by 2032. Many studies have suggested a positive association between sleep duration and adverse health events among elderly individuals. This study aimed to investigate the sleep conditions of Chinese elderly individuals between 2005 and 2018.Patients and methods: Data for 53,013 elderly individuals were taken from five cycles of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) during 2005– 2018. Sex- and age-specific means and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to estimate sleep duration trends. Changes in sleep patterns were explored during this period. The prevalence of short and long sleep durations was assessed and age-standardized by the 2010 census. Finally, self-reported sleep quality was used to determine sleep conditions from another perspective among elderly individuals.Results: The mean sleep duration decreased fro