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This work reported the in situ preparation of CD-induced Ln hydrogels by heat-set method. The resulting hydrogels showed excellent performance for the phase-separation absorption of VOC.

In the era of unprecedented polarization, misinformation, and growing support for partisan violence and declining support for democratic norms (Lazer et al., 2018; Allcott & Gentzkow, 2017; Kalmoe & Mason, 2022; Graham & Svolik, 2020), most scholars and public observers focus on partisan media, fake news, and radical, harmful, or conspiratorial online content (e.g., Guess, Barber ́a, Munzert, & Yang, 2021; Tandoc Jr, Lim, & Ling, 2020; Enders et al., 2021). The drastically overlooked problem, which underlies the other challenges facing the U.S. and the globe, is that of very low consumption of quality news content among the population. Most people do not attend to news (Allen, Howland, Mobius, Rothschild, & Watts, 2020; Wojcieszak et al., 2021) and, if they do, they consume content that is sensationalist, click- baity, and mostly junk (Meta, 2022). Such low levels of quality news consumption lead to uninformed citizenry, voting misaligned with individual interests, and populace that is susceptible to misinformation and populist rhetoric (Bartels, 1996; Achen & Bartels, 2006; Fording & Schram, 2017). As such, incentivizing greater consumption of verified and quality news among citizens is pressing. This project aims to test computational interventions aimed at incentivizing citizen ex- posure to verified and quality news on social media. We test two complimentary approaches that could increase quality news consumption and – in so doing – also aim to disentangle two interrelated factors that may underlie low news consumption: biases in recommender sys- tems and the disinterest of individual citizens. Does increasing news consumption necessitate nudges to the recommender system or to users themselves? If low levels of news consump- tion are mostly due to algorithmic biases that reinforce users’ non-political interests (e.g., users who are not politically inclined are mostly recommended videos about sports, cars, or celebrities?; unintentional news avoidance; (Skovsgaard & Andersen, 2020)), then tweaking the algorithm in a way that encourages recommendations to quality news content could in- crease news consumption simply because more inventory would be available in users’ social media ecosystem. If however, it is the users’ political apathy, in that people are avoiding news because it is boring, negative, overly divisive, not reliable, or seen as too far removed from their daily lives (Skovsgaard & Andersen, 2020; Tsfati & Cappella, 2003; Palmer & Toff, 2020), reminding the users of the personal and democratic benefits of news consumption could encourage greater news exposure. We specifically focus on YouTube, which is one of the largest social media platforms, with 1.7 billion unique monthly visitors and 14.3 billion visits per month, more than Facebook, Wikipedia, Amazon and Instagram. YouTube is also the most popular platform in the US, used by 72% of the U.S. population (Walker & Matsa, 2022) and one of two, in addition to Reddit, that saw significant growth since 2019, with a steadily growing user base (Auxier & Anderson, 2022). However, only 30% of YouTube users get news regularly from the site (Walker & Matsa, 2022).

Divides between the Democrats and the Republicans in America are greater than ever before. Partisans report negative feelings toward outparty supporters, attribute negative character traits to their opponents, and are displeased at the prospect of interacting with outparty supporters in various settings (Iyengar et al., 2019). Interparty hostility surpasses other traditionally salient divides, spills over to non-political judgments (Iyengar and Westwood, 2015), and may thwart consensual governance. Given its detrimental consequences, scholars from different fields have developed various antidotes. One of the most effective and successful interventions is priming the common American identity (Levendusky, 2018a; Voekel et al., 2022).

Increased media choices in the digital age allow people to select the content they prefer, and the majority choose to consume entertainment rather than politics (Wojcieszak, Casas, Yu, Nagler, & Tucker, 2022). Because lack of exposure to news and politics can lead to uninformed and disengaged citizens, voting misaligned with individual and group interests, and greater susceptibility to misinformation and populism (Achen & Bartels, 2006; Bartels, 1996; Fording & Schram, 2017), it is important to encourage greater exposure to current affairs. However, politically disinterested citizens cannot select news and politics on social media because they do not have such content in their inventory (Thorson, Cotter, Medeiros, & Pak, 2021). In order to generate exposure to current affairs on platforms, it is thus essential to encourage users to follow news and political accounts, which – in turn – creates political content inventory. This project focuses on incentivizing such following and also tests the democratic effects of increased exposure to news and politics. To test the effectiveness of our strategy to promote the following of news and political accounts on social media and to test the effects of enhanced political exposure, we recruit 2000 participants in the US to take part in an online experiment that entailed ”testing” a new professionally developed social media site (”Bebo”). The mock platform allows the participants to first follow various popular accounts, ranging from celebrities (e.g. Katy Perry), sports figures (e.g., LeBron James) to news organizations (e.g., USA Today) and national politicians (e.g., Joe Biden), thereby customizing their social media feed, and to later browse the site, which displays recent posts of the accounts they had followed. Participants were randomly assigned to two treatment conditions or the control. Our treatments, which appear as realistic pop-ups on the feed every minute, prime the importance of consuming news by emphasizing its benefits to society and democracy at large (i.e., public interest nudges) or to the individuals themselves (i.e., self-interest nudges). Every three posts, the site also features four ’suggested accounts to follow,’ two of which are news/political and two of which are not. We test whether the nudges encourage people to follow more news/political accounts. We also examine the democratic effects of increased exposure to news and politics, testing both positive outcomes (i.e., intended political participation and self-perceived political knowledge) and also the potential side effects of news exposure (i.e., perceived polarization, affective polarization, and meta-prejudice).

Americans view their in-party members positively and out-party members negatively. It remains unclear, however, whether in-party affinity (i.e., positive partisanship) or out-party animosity (i.e., negative partisanship) more strongly influences political attitudes and behaviors. Unlike past work, which relies on survey self-reports or experimental designs among ordinary citizens, this pre-registered project examines actual social media expressions of an exhaustive list of American politicians as well as citizens’ engagement with these posts. Relying on 1,195,844 tweets sent by 564 political elites (i.e., members of US House and Senate, Presidential and Vice-Presidential nominees from 2000 to 2020, and members of the Trump Cabinet) and machine learning to reliably classify the tone of the tweets, we show that elite expressions online are driven by positive partisanship more than negative partisanship. Although politicians post many tweets negative toward the out-party, they post more tweets positive toward their in-party. However, more ideologically extreme politicians and those in the opposition (i.e., the Democrats) are more negative toward the out-party than those ideologically moderate and whose party is in power. Furthermore, examining how Twitter users react to these posts, we find that negative partisanship plays a greater role in online engagement: users are more likely to like and share politicians’ tweets negative toward the out-party than tweets positive toward the in-party. This project has important theoretical and democratic implications, and extends the use of trace data and computational methods in political behavior.

Research shows that gay men are highly susceptible to media effects on body image. A considerable amount of attention has been dedicated to the traditional media content that might have a negative ...

Coordination-driven self-assembly with controllable properties has attracted increasing interest because of its potential in biological events and material science. Herein, we report on the remote, instant, and switchable control of competitive coordination interactions via ultrasound and heat stimuli in a hydrogel network. Configurational coordination changes result in the transformation of blue-emissive and opaque Al3+-amide aggregations to yellow-green-emissive and transparent Al3+-terpyridine aggregations. Interestingly, circularly polarized luminescence "off-on" switches of the metallo-supramolecular assembly are also created by these configuration changes. Additionally, the impact of the stoichiometric ratio of Al3+ and LysTPY on the assembly is also studied in detail. With a higher content of Al3+, the hydrogel with branched and abundant junctions exhibited robust, self-healing, and self-supporting properties. This in-depth understanding of the coordination interaction adjustment will afford new insights into the preparation of stimuli-responsive metallogels.

Background CHAC1 is a newly identified endoplasmic reticulum-inducible gene that is aberrantly expressed in a variety of cancers, but its function and mechanism are unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of CHAC1 in Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma (BLCA). Methods All original data of CHAC1 was collected from the public databases including The Cancer Genome Atlas, Human Protein Atlas, and further analyzed by R (version 3.6.3). The correlations between CHAC1 and tumor immune characteristics were analyzed via the TIMER and TISIDB databases. Results The CHAC1 mRNA and protein expression levels were both higher in BLCA tissues compared with normal bladder tissues in the public databases CHAC1 expression was upregulated in BLCA, which had a clinical diagnostic value and was in correlation with poor prognosis. CHAC1 mRNA expression was negatively correlated with CHAC1 methylation levels. With enrichment analysis, we found that CHAC1 could affect the development of BLCA by regulating the glutathione metabolic and biosynthetic process, cellular modified amino acid biosynthetic process and Ferroptosis signaling pathways. Further analysis showed that CHAC1 expression was positively associated with macrophages, T-related cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and NK cells. In addition, CHAC1 expression was also closely related to immunomodulators and methylation immunomodulators in BLCA. Conclusion The study demonstrated CHAC1 can accurately predict survival, reflect the immune microenvironment, and predict the effectiveness of immunotherapy among BLCA patients. The study suggested that CHAC1 could be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target to assess the prognosis and regulate the immune cells infiltration level of BLCA.

Normal-mode splitting is a hallmark of strong coupling between two coupled harmonic oscillators. Here, we report the realization of strong coupling in the optically-levitated nanoparticle system via feedback. A silica nanoparticle is trapped by a tightly focused laser travelling in free space, which is regarded as a harmonic oscillators. An external electric oscillator is then phase-locked to the nanoparticle’s motion as another harmonic oscillator, which is modulated on the trapping laser to feedback and interact with the nanoparticle. Therefore, a highly manipulatable coupled-harmonic oscillator system is built in our platform and the normal-mode splitting is realized with strong coupling in both Hermitian and non-Hermitian cases. Moreover, since the coupling between the two harmonic oscillators induced by the feedback is flexibly manipulated, the normal-mode splitting following the cooling or heating effect is simultaneously observed. This method could be useful for further studying quantum mechanical Hamiltonian and non-Hermitian phenomena of an optically-levitated nanoparticle.

We offer comprehensive evidence of preferences for ideological congruity when people engage with politicians, pundits, and news organizations on social media. Using 4 years of data (2016–2019) from a random sample of 1.5 million Twitter users, we examine three behaviors studied separately to date: (i) following of in-group versus out-group elites, (ii) sharing in-group versus out-group information (retweeting), and (iii) commenting on the shared information (quote tweeting). We find that the majority of users (60%) do not follow any political elites. Those who do follow in-group elite accounts at much higher rates than out-group accounts (90 versus 10%), share information from in-group elites 13 times more frequently than from out-group elites, and often add negative comments to the shared out-group information. Conservatives are twice as likely as liberals to share in-group versus out-group content. These patterns are robust, emerge across issues and political elites, and exist regardless of users’ ideological extremity.

The ability to load ultracold atoms at a well-defined energy in a disordered potential is a crucial tool to study quantum transport, and in particular Anderson localization. In this paper, we present a new method for achieving that goal by rf transfer of atoms of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate from a disorder insensitive state to a disorder sensitive state. It is based on a bichromatic laser speckle pattern, produced by two lasers whose frequencies are chosen so that their light-shifts cancel each other in the first state and add-up in the second state. Moreover, the spontaneous scattering rate in the disorder-sensitive state is low enough to allow for long observation times of quantum transport in that state. We theoretically and experimentally study the characteristics of the resulting potential., 14 pages, 7 figures

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of polyhydroxysteroid plant hormones; they play important roles in the development and stress resistance of plants. The research on BRs has mainly been carried out in angiosperms, but in ferns-research is still limited to the physiological level and is not in-depth. In this study

The solubilities, densities and refractive indices of the ternary KCl + PEG8000 + H2O system were determined at 288.2, 298.2, and 308.2 K. In terms of phase diagrams at 288.2, 298.2, and 308.2 K, they are all made up of three areas, where the homogeneous area (L) contains unsaturated liquid, area (L + S) contains one saturated liquid and one solid (KCl), and area (L + 2S) contains one saturated liquid and two solids (KCl and PEG8000). The results of these experiments showed that with an addition of PEG8000 to the liquid, the solubility of KCl and density of the liquid phase decreased, whereas the refractive index inceased. By comparing the phase diagrams at 288.2, 298.2, and 308.2 K, it is seen that with an increase of temperature, the areas of (L) and (L + S) enlarged, whereas the area of (L + 2S) reduced. The phase diagrams of the ternary systems KCl + PEG1000/4000/6000/8000 + H2O were also compared and showed that with an increase of the molar mass of PEG, the ovedrall phase diagrams did not change although the areas of each part varied in size. Also, a modified Pitzer model was adopted as the equilibrium thermodynamics model to correlate the experimental data.

The growth of plant roots is regulated by various factors. Brassinosteroids (BRs) can induce asymmetric root growth (ARG) to form waves and coils, and this phenomenon can be eliminated by ethylene (ETH) inhibitors aminoacetic acid (AOA) or silver thiosulfate (STS), indicating this process depends on ETH pathway. Nevertheless, the research on related genes has not been reported. In this study, four treatments (Water, Brassinolide (BL), BL + AOA, and BL + STS) were set up using the seedlings of Oryza sativa as materials. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in BR-induced ARG via ETH pathway were identified by transcriptome sequencing, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Finally, we screened 70 DEGs, including ALPHA-EXPANSINs (OsEXPAs), WALL-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE-LIKE 16 (OsWAKL16), and TRANSMEMBRANE KINASE (OsTMK) that regulated cell elongation and expansion, as well as plant hormone synthase genes, 1-AMINO-CYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID OXIDASEs (OsACOs), OsYUCCAs, and CYTOKININ OXIDASE(OsCKX). Most of them were up-regulated by BRs via ETH pathway. In addition, the receptor-like kinase (RLK) gene ROOT MEADNDER CURLING (OsRMC), a negative regulator in jasmonic acid-induced ARG, could be inhibited by BRs, and this process also depended on ETH pathway. The identification of the above genes provides evidence for revealing the molecular mechanism in the process.

The stable phase equilibrium of the quaternary system Li+, Na+, Rb+// SO42– – H2O at T = 298.2 and 323.2 K (P = 94.5 kPa) was studied by an isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. The solubiliti...

Affective polarization is a key concern in America and other democracies. Although past evidence suggests some ways to minimize it, there are no easily applicable interventions that have been found to work in the increasingly polarized climate. This project examines whether irrelevant factors, or incidental happiness more specifically, have the power to reduce affective polarization (i.e., misattribution of affect or “carryover effect”). On the flip side, happiness can minimize systematic processing, thus enhancing beliefs in conspiracy theories and impeding individual ability to recognize deep fakes. Three preregistered survey experiments in the US, Poland, and the Netherlands (total N = 3611) induced happiness in three distinct ways. Happiness had no effects on affective polarization toward political outgroups and hostility toward various divisive social groups, and also on endorsement of conspiracy theories and beliefs that a deep fake was real. Two additional studies in the US and Poland (total N = 2220), also induced anger and anxiety, confirming that all these incidental emotions had null effects. These findings, which emerged uniformly in three different countries, among different partisan and ideological groups, and for those for whom the inductions were differently effective, underscore the stability of outgroup attitudes in contemporary America and other countries. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11109-021-09701-1.

Realizing a large-scale fully controllable quantum system is a challenging task in current physical research and has broad applications. In this work, we create a reconfigurable optically levitated nanoparticle array in vacuum. Our optically levitated nanoparticle array allows full control of individual nanoparticles to form an arbitrary pattern and detect their motion. As a concrete example, we choose two nanoparticles without rotation signals from an array to synthesize a nanodumbbell in situ by merging them into one trap. The nanodumbbell synthesized in situ can rotate beyond 1 GHz. Our work provides a platform for studying macroscopic many-body physics and quantum sensing.

In order to realize the monitoring of human joint rehabilitation, a human motion capture and recognition system is constructed by using micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) sensor nodes. A two-stage extended Kalman filter algorithm is proposed for multi-sensor data fusion. The error matrix between the coordinate system of sensor node and the coordinate system of body was calculated by using the stationary posture calibration. The root mean squared error (RMSE) of the computed joint angle time series is less than 0.5°. The feature of joint angle time series was extracted and the support vector machine (SVM) classification model based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) was established. The experimental results show that the SVM algorithm optimized by PSO has better recognition effect than BP neural network. The average recognition rate can reach more than 97%. The human motion capture system designed in this paper can effectively realize human motion capture, recognition and joint rehabilitation monitoring.

The phase behavior of potassium sulfate (K2SO4) in polyethylene glycol with molecular weight 8000 (PEG8000) and water (H2O) mixed solvent at 288.15, 298.15, and 308.15 K were determined. According to the results, when the temperature are 288.15 and 298.15 K, there is only a solid–liquid phase equilibrium relationship in the system, and the phase diagrams are both divided into three parts which respectively are the regions of unsaturated homogeneous liquid (L), one liquid and one solid K2SO4 (L + S) and one liquid and two solids K2SO4 and PEG8000 (L + 2S). The solubility of K2SO4 in PEG8000-H2O mixed solvent decreased with the addition of the PEG8000 in the solution. Comparing the diagrams of 288.15 and 298.15 K, the sizes of regions of (L) and (L + S) increased and that of (L + 2S) decreased with the increase of temperature. While at 308.15 K, solid–liquid and liquid–liquid equilibrium coexist, and there are six parts in the complete phase diagram at 308.15 K, adding the areas of one liquid and one solid K2SO4 (L + S), two liquids (2 L), two liquids and one solid K2SO4 (2 L + S). The equations developed by Merchuk, Hu, and Jayapal were used to fit the binodal curves data of the system at 308.15 K, meanwhile, the experimental tie-line data of the system at 308.15 K were correlated by Othmer-Tobias equation and Bancroft equation.

The phase equilibrium data were determined for the ternary systems potassium sulfate + polyethylene glycol (PEG6000/10,000) + water at 288.2, 298.2 and 308.2 K. Only solid–liquid equilibrium exists for the ternary system K2SO4 + PEG6000/10,000 + H2O at 288.2 and 298.2 K, the solubility, density, and refractive index were measured by using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. The solid–liquid equilibrium and liquid–liquid equilibrium exist simultaneously for the ternary system K2SO4 + PEG6000/10,000 + H2O at 308.2 K, the corresponding compositions of binodal curve and tie-line were obtained experimentally by using the turbidimetric method. Results show that the solubility of K2SO4 decreases as the content of PEG increases in the PEG–H2O mixed solvents. Meanwhile, as the molar mass of PEG increased, the liquid–liquid equilibrium formed more easily and the liquid–liquid equilibrium area was larger. In addition, the modified Pitzer model was used to calculate the solid–liquid equilibrium data for systems K2SO4 + PEG6000/10,000 + H2O at 288.2, 298.2 and 308.2 K.

The isothermal dissolution equilibrium method was applied for the solid–liquid equilibria experiments of the reciprocal aqueous quaternary system Li+, Rb+//Cl−, borate–H2O at 323.2 K, and the relevant diagrams (phase diagram, water content diagram, density/refractive index against composition diagram) were plotted. It was found that there are two commensurate type quaternary invariant points with three-salt cosaturated, five univariant curves, and four crystallization fields corresponding to four single salts, rubidium chloride (RbCl), lithium chloride monohydrate (LiCl·H2O), lithium tetraborate trihydrate (Li2B4O7·3H2O), and rubidium pentaborate tetrahydrate (RbB5O8·4H2O), respectively. LiCl·H2O has a salting out effect on other coexisting salts and the size of the LiCl·H2O crystallization field is the smallest. Li2B4O7·3H2O has the largest crystallization field, which demonstrates that Li2B4O7·3H2O can be more easily separated from the solutions.

Background Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a series of syndromes that meet the diagnostic criteria for cognitive impairment that appear after a stroke. The treatment of PSCI with oral drugs alone is not ideal and has obvious side effects. Therefore, complementary and alternative treatments are needed for patients with insufficient or significant side effects of oral medications. Therefore, we will evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of PSCI. Methods/design In this study, patients will be randomly divided into two groups. Intervention group: acupuncture combined with oral medication. Control group: Western medicine treatment plan. All participants will continue to receive conventional drug treatment. The selection of outcomes will be evaluated by Mini Mental State Examination Scale (MMSE) at week 12. The scale will be conducted by two well-trained reviewers who will conduct joint MMSE inspections on participants. The test time will be selected 3 days before treatment and once 4 weeks after treatment. After the MMSE test, the two raters scored independently, and the average of the two was used as the final score. Discussion This trial may provide evidence regarding the clinical effectiveness, safety, and cost-effectiveness of acupuncture for patients with PSCI. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ChiCTR2000029926. Registered on 17 February 2020 http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=49356

A novel BODIPY (boradiazaindacene) dye denoted as BODIPY-DT containing terpyridine unit has been designed and characterized. The dye is found to be selective and visual solvatochromic sensor toward DMF among test organic solvents. The sensing process displays time-controllable, dynamic signal outputs in the emission colors including red, purple, yellow and even white emission colors. It is presented that selective free radical oxidation reaction happens during the recognition process.

Novel luminescent materials that change their emission colors in responding to external stimuli have attracted increasing attentions in the past decades. Herein, we report the preparation of a novel kind of Eu3+-based polymeric organogel with three networks. With dynamic coordination interactions, the organogel shows fast self-healing and adjustable fluorescent emission properties in the presence of different metal ions via coordination interaction competition effect. Dynamic coordination interaction also endows the gel with multiple stimuli-responsive properties such as water, base and acid. The multistimuli responsive fluorochromic organogel demonstrates a new way of preparing optical materials and bio-relevant sensors.

Cholesterol is widely used in the field of amphiphilic self-assembly as a small organic molecular structural unit. In this article, new cholesterol amide derivative (CHAM) films via molecular self-...

The phase equilibria for CsCl in three polyethylene glycols (PEG) with molecular weights of 1000, 4000, 6000 g⋅mol−1 and water (H2O) mixed solvent were investigated at 288.15 and 308.15 K. The isothermal dissolution equilibrium method was applied for the solid–liquid equilibria experiments; the turbidimetric method was used for the liquid–liquid equilibria experiments. Results show that there is only solid–liquid equilibrium for the ternary system CsCl–PEG1000–H2O at 288.15 K, both solid–liquid and liquid–liquid equilibria coexist in ternary systems CsCl–PEG1000–H2O at 308.15 K and CsCl–PEG4000/6000–H2O at 288.15 and 308.15 K. For liquid–liquid equilibrium, the binodal curve and compositions of the tie-lines were obtained experimentally, and the effect of temperature and molecular weight of PEG on liquid–liquid equilibrium was discussed. It shows that the liquid–liquid equilibrium formed easily at higher temperature and larger molecular weight of PEG. Moreover, three nonlinear expressions were applied to correlate the binodal curve, and the experimental values of tie-line were correlated with a good agreement by using Othmer–Tobias, Bancroft and NRTL models.

Self-healing and tough gels with intriguing white-light emission, prepared by lanthanide metal ions, are highly desirable and remain a challenging topic. In this study, we present the preparation of a hybrid gel that contains poly(methyl methacrylate)/polyacrylic acid (PMMA/PAA) as the organic network and titania as the inorganic network, which are interpenetrating and linked by lanthanide metal ions. Interestingly, the gelation process for the organic phase allows for the efficient phase separation of the water-THF mixture (separation efficiency: >88%), either by the heating-cooling process or by the room temperature gelation that originated from xerogels. The as-prepared gels are self-healing and robust, based on the hybrid networks and dynamic coordination interactions. Specifically, the hybrid gels exhibit various colors of luminescence, depending on either the stoichiometric ratio of Eu3+ and Tb3+ or the excitation wavelengths. Upon excitation by the 365 nm light, the hybrid gel with Eu3+/Tb3+ ions (molar ratio 1:30) demonstrates a white-light emission color. The results also show that the gels prepared by only Eu3+ and Tb3+ possess different morphologies, surface areas, and contact angles. This work presents, for the first time, the crucial role of lanthanide ions for preparing a robust, self-healing hybrid gel with interpenetrating networks in the polymerization process, and the resulting hydrophobic surfaces are related to the phase-selective ability of the gels.

Given the polarizing effects of exposure to like-minded political information and the alleged societal benefits of exposure to diverse and dissimilar perspectives, we examine how to promote the sel...

A Zr-cluster based metallogel is synthesized via an unusual one-pot solvothermal method. The resulting metallogel is robust, adaptive, self-healing, highly thermostable and conductive. Moreover, the metallogel exhibits reversible stimuli-responsive properties. The gel could respond to at least four kinds of stimuli such as light, aliphatic amines, electricity and metals with color and fluorescence tunability. Importantly, the metallogel with electrochromic properties could be used as soft electrochromic devices for smart windows and electro display boards, and metalchromism provides a practical way for coating corrosion monitoring of metal materials.

Metallogels have attracted a great deal of interest because of their intriguing properties and applications in chemsensors, batteries, catalysis, and other fields. In this work, a novel ligand bearing terpyridine and hydroxyamine units was designed and synthesized. The ligand selectively gelated with copper ions in water by heating and cooling or sonication. Different physicochemical studies [Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and rheology] were conducted to characterize the gels. We show that coordination interaction, π-π interaction, and noncovalent interaction had obvious effects on the properties of the gel. Additionally, a stable radical hydrogel could be obtained by ultrasound treatment, which was accompanied by color variation from green to blue. This was further confirmed by UV-vis and EPR experiments. Furthermore, the copper metallogels were developed as catalysts for the preparation of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives in water at 25 °C. Although various types of catalysts have been investigated, the use of metallogels as catalysts for the click reaction in water has been scarce. This strategy shows the process is simple, affords a high yield, and is "green" and economical.

The stabilization of grain boundaries (GBs) is beneficial for improving the stability and mechanical properties of nanocrystalline (NC) metals. Molecular dynamics (MD) calculations were performed to investigate the shear response of Ni [Formula: see text]17 [110](223) symmetrical tilt GB. It was found that under the action of shear, the nucleation and evolution of the GB source Shockley partial dislocations ultimately result in the low-energy-state transformation of the GB structure units (SUs). However, the Ag atom contained in the GB increases the shear stress and strain required for the GB relaxation, and the strain range for the GB relaxation is expanded, indicating the inhibitory effect of the Ag atom on the structural relaxation of Ni [Formula: see text]17 [110](223) GB. As the temperature increases from 10 K to 250 K, the structural relaxation of Ni [Formula: see text]17 [110](223) GB becomes easier to proceed. In addition to segregation-induced GB stabilization, strain-induced GB relaxation and the roles of foreign atom and temperature clarified in this work could provide several new entry points for stabilizing high-energy GBs.