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Seventeen typical coal mine accidents were analyzed with their cause statistics by use of encoding tree method. The analysis results show that organizational management failure of coal mine is the mainly cause of coal mine accidents with the most serious influence. The organizational management failure of coal mine was classified, and some improvement measures about the organizational management failure were proposed including playing an exemplary role of leaders, improving organizational communication and enhancing safety study.

Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) provides a promising approach for sustainable chemical fuel production of carbon neutrality. Neutral and alkaline electrolytes are predominantly employed in the current electrolysis system, but with striking drawbacks of (bi)carbonate (CO32−/HCO3−) formation and crossover due to the rapid and thermodynamically favourable reaction between hydroxide (OH−) with CO2, resulting in low carbon utilization efficiency and short‐lived catalysis. Very recently, CO2RR in acidic media can effectively address the (bi)carbonate issue; however, the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is more kinetically favourable in acidic electrolytes, which dramatically reduces CO2 conversion efficiency. Thus, it is a big challenge to effectively suppress HER and accelerate acidic CO2RR. In this review, we begin by summarizing the recent progress of acidic CO2 electrolysis, discussing the key factors limiting the application of acidic electrolytes. We then systematically discuss addressing strategies for acidic CO2 electrolysis, including electrolyte microenvironment modulation, alkali cations adjusting, surface/interface functionalization, nanoconfinement structural design, and novel electrolyzer exploitation. Finally, the new challenges and perspectives of acidic CO2 electrolysis are suggested. We believe this timely review can arouse researchers′ attention to CO2 crossover, inspire new insights to solve the "alkalinity problem" and enable CO2RR as a more sustainable technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy can be effective against clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), but many patients show no benefit. Tumor-derived pericytes (TDPs) may promote tumor progression by influencing T cells and are an immunotherapy target; however, they may comprise functionally distinct subtypes. We aimed to identify markers of tumor-promoting TDPs and develop TDP-targeting strategies to enhance ICB therapy effectiveness against ccRCC. Methods: We analyzed the relationship between endosialin (EN) expression and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) infiltration in ccRCC tumor samples using flow cytometry and in a ccRCC-bearing mice inhibited for EN via knockout or antibody-mediated blockade. The function of ENhigh TDPs in CTL infiltration and tumor progression was analyzed using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data from ccRCC tissue-derived TDPs and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) data from an online database. The role of EN in TDP proliferation and migration and in CTL infiltration was examined in vitro. Finally, we examined the anti-tumor effect of combined anti-EN and anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) antibodies in ccRCC-bearing mice. Results: High EN expression was associated with low CTL infiltration in ccRCC tissues, and inhibition of EN significantly increased CTL infiltration in ccRCC-bearing mice. RNA-seq and scRNA-seq analyses indicated that high EN expression represented the TDP activation state. EN promoted TDP proliferation and migration and impeded CTL infiltration in vitro. Finally, combined treatment with anti-EN and anti-PD-1 antibodies synergistically enhanced anti-tumor efficacy. Conclusion: ENhigh TDPs are in an activated state and inhibit CTL infiltration into ccRCC tissues. Combined treatment with anti-EN and anti-PD-1 antibodies may improve ICB therapy effectiveness against ccRCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For problems that current coal mine personnel positioning system adopts region positioning method, and cannot directly determine exact location and movement direction of underground personnel, an algorithm based on tree structure was proposed, which uses topological relations to calculate track that underground personnel may walk. The algorithm defines a topology model with point and segment, segment and segment as well as segment and point. Based on the model, tree structure is built and personnel walking track is got by its hierarchy traversal. In the calculation process, the algorithm uses real-time status information of receiver to preclude impact of non-working receiver and substations automatically, and ensures tracking accuracy.

In order to solve problems of disorderly wiring and inconvenient install and maintenance of sensors caused by single-parameter measurement of exsiting sensors used in safety monitoring and control system of coal(mine,) a design scheme of(mine-used multi-parameter) sensor was(proposed.) The(multi-)parameter sensor is designed by use of MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer.It can transmit collected signals of gas concentration,CO concentration,O_2 concentration and temperature to LED for displaying after data processing and output alarming signal.Some testing results showed that the multi-parameter sensor has high precision,good stability,and strong anti-interference ability.