3,655 results on '"Yanyan Li"'
Search Results
52. CircTBC1D22A inhibits the progression of colorectal cancer through autophagy regulated via miR-1825/ATG14 axis
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Jingbo Sun, Hongmei Wu, Junjie Luo, Yue Qiu, Yanyan Li, Yangwei Xu, Lixin Liu, Xiaolong Liu, and Qingling Zhang
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cancer ,cell biology and molecular biology ,Science - Abstract
Summary: Distant metastasis is the main cause of death in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). A better understanding of the mechanisms of metastasis can greatly improve the outcome of patients with CRC. Accumulating evidence suggests that circRNA plays pivotal roles in cancer progression and metastasis, especially acting as a miRNA sponge to regulate the expression of the target gene. A public database bioinformatics analysis found that miR-1825 was highly expressed in CRC tissues. In this study, miR-1825 was highly expressed in CRC tissues, which was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that miR-1825 was positively correlated with the proliferation and migration of CRC cells. This event can be inhibited by circTBC1D22A. CircTBC1D22A can directly interact with miR-1825 and subsequently act as a miRNA sponge to regulate the expression of the target gene ATG14, which collectively advances the autophagy-mediated progression and metastasis of CRC.
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- 2024
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53. The generation of glioma organoids and the comparison of two culture methods
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Yang Zhang, Yunxiang Shao, Yanyan Li, Xuetao Li, Xuewen Zhang, Qinzhi E, Weichao Wang, Zuoyu Jiang, Wenjuan Gan, and Yulun Huang
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glioma ,organoid ,patient‐derived orthotopic xenograft model ,stem cell ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background The intra‐ and inter‐tumoral heterogeneity of gliomas and the complex tumor microenvironment make accurate treatment of gliomas challenging. At present, research on gliomas mainly relies on cell lines, stem cell tumor spheres, and xenotransplantation models. The similarity between traditional tumor models and patients with glioma is very low. Aims In this study, we aimed to address the limitations of traditional tumor models by generating patient‐derived glioma organoids using two methods that summarized the cell diversity, histological features, gene expression, and mutant profiles of their respective parent tumors and assess the feasibility of organoids for personalized treatment. Materials and Methods We compared the organoids generated using two methods through growth analysis, immunohistological analysis, genetic testing, and the establishment of xenograft models. Results Both types of organoids exhibited rapid infiltration when transplanted into the brains of adult immunodeficient mice. However, organoids formed using the microtumor method demonstrated more similar cellular characteristics and tissue structures to the parent tumors. Furthermore, the microtumor method allowed for faster culture times and more convenient operational procedures compared to the Matrigel method. Discussion Patient‐derived glioma organoids, especially those generated through the microtumor method, present a promising avenue for personalized treatment strategies. Their capacity to faithfully mimic the cellular and molecular characteristics of gliomas provides a valuable platform for elucidating tumor biology and evaluating therapeutic modalities. Conclusion The success rates of the Matrigel and microtumor methods were 45.5% and 60.5%, respectively. The microtumor method had a higher success rate, shorter establishment time, more convenient passage and cryopreservation methods, better simulation of the cellular and histological characteristics of the parent tumor, and a high genetic guarantee.
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- 2024
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54. Predicting survival in patients with buccal cancer: A study based on SEER database and external validation in China
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Yongmei Tan, Guoxing Huang, Jintao Hu, Shaoping Zhao, Yanyan Li, Zhihui Wen, Liansheng Wang, Suling Chen, Rongxi Chen, Haotian Cao, and Jinsong Li
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buccal mucosa cancer ,cancer‐specific survival ,nomogram ,overall survival ,prognosis ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Objective Buccal mucosa cancer (BMC) is one of the most common oral cancers and has poor prognosis. The study aimed to develop and validate nomograms for predicting the 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) of BMC patients. Methods We collected and reviewed information on BMC patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2019 from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database. Two nomograms were developed and validated to predict the OS and CSS based on predictors identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression. An extra external validation was further performed using data from Sun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital (SYSMH). Results A total of 3154 BMC patients included in this study were randomly assigned to training and validation groups in a 2:1 ratio. Independent prognostic predictors were identified, confirmed, and fitted into nomograms for OS and CSS, respectively. The C‐indices are 0.767 (Training group OS), 0.801 (Training group CSS), 0.763 (Validation group OS), and 0.781 (Validation group OS), respectively. Moreover, the nomograms exhibited remarkable precision in forecasting and significant clinical significance, as evidenced by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analyses (DCA). The final validation using our data from SYSMH also showed high accuracy and substantial clinical benefits within the nomograms. The C‐indices are 0.849 (SYSMH group OS) and 0.916 (SYSMH group CSS). These indexes are better than tumor, node, and metastasis stage based on prediction results. Conclusions The nomograms developed with great performance predicted 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year OS and CSS of BMC patients. Use of the nomograms in clinical practices shall bring significant benefits to BMC patients.
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- 2024
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55. Therapeutic potential of elafin in airway inflammatory disease
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Mingxin He, Yalou Yang, Yanyan Li, Xiangdong Zhou, Li Xu, Ziwei Zhang, Hua Zhang, and Qi Li
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Medicine - Abstract
Elafin, which is derived from trappin-2 or pre-elafin by proteolysis, is an endogenous serine protease inhibitor with a low molecular weight. Its inhibitory activity is dependent on anchoring to the extracellular matrix by forming covalent bonds with its distinctive N-terminal domain via tissue transglutaminases. In addition to inhibiting proteases, it also exhibits anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral and immunomodulatory functions. Elafin plays an important role in inflammatory disease and is a promising candidate for the anti-inflammatory treatment of respiratory diseases. This review will discuss the therapeutic potential of elafin in airway inflammation and provide evidence and suggestions for the future treatment of airway inflammatory diseases. In addition, the therapeutic potential of elafin in lung cancer is also discussed.
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- 2024
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56. Elevated hyaluronic acid levels in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in the post-COVID-19 era
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Yanyan Li, Xinyu Cui, Na Zhu, Yingying Lin, and Xin Li
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hyaluronic acid ,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 ,coronavirus disease 2019 ,severe infection ,lung involvement ,progression ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
ObjectiveHuman identical sequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) promoted the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) progression by upregulating hyaluronic acid (HA) via NamiRNA-enhancer network, based on previous experimental research. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of HA for the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the post-COVID-19 era.MethodsA total of 217 consecutive patients with COVID-19 were enrolled at Beijing Ditan Hospital between July 2023 and October 2023. HA levels were analyzed using biochemical detector. Logistic regression analysis was used to screen independent factors for severe COVID-19. The predictive performance of HA for severe infection was assessed by ROC curve. Furthermore, the relationship between HA levels and COVID-19 severity was investigated using multivariate logistic regression models after adjustment for potential confounders.ResultsAccording to the cut-off value of HA, COVID-19 patients were divided into HA < 90 ng/mL group (80 cases) and HA ≥ 90 ng/mL group (137 cases). High HA levels were positively associated with the severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, including elevated inflammatory indicators, severe lung involvement, prolonged clinical course, and higher incidence of respiratory failure and death (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis suggested that HA was an independent predictor of severe COVID-19 (OR = 4.540, 95% CI = 2.105-9.790, P < 0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of HA for severe infection was 0.724. HA levels were significantly higher in COVID-19 cases compared to the healthy population (123.9 (82.6, 174.1) vs. 50.5 (37.8, 66.8), P < 0.001), but similar to those with non-SARS-CoV-2 lung infection (121.6 (78.5, 175.6) vs. 106.0 (66.5, 149.7), P = 0.244). We also found that the first COVID-19 infections had higher HA levels (118.8 (79.5, 174.3) vs. 85.0 (61.1, 128.8), P < 0.001) and a higher proportion of severe infection (37.1% vs. 21.3%, P = 0.043) than re-infections. However, HA expression failed to fully return to normal levels with infection recovery (204.7 (152.9, 242.2) vs. 97.0 (69.3, 137.3), P < 0.001).ConclusionHA was associated with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and could be used as a novel serum biomarker to predict the risk of COVID-19 progression in the post-COVID-19 era.
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- 2024
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57. α1,3-fucosylation treatment improves cord blood CD34 negative hematopoietic stem cell navigation
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Asma S. Al-Amoodi, Jing Kai, Yanyan Li, Jana S. Malki, Abdullah Alghamdi, Arwa Al-Ghuneim, Alfonso Saera-Vila, Satoshi Habuchi, and Jasmeen S. Merzaban
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Immunology ,Stem cells research ,Transcriptomics ,Science - Abstract
Summary: For almost two decades, clinicians have overlooked the diagnostic potential of CD34neg hematopoietic stem cells because of their limited homing capacity relative to CD34posHSCs when injected intravenously. This has contributed to the lack of appeal of using umbilical cord blood in HSC transplantation because its stem cell count is lower than bone marrow. The present study reveals that the homing and engraftment of CD34negHSCs can be improved by adding the Sialyl Lewis X molecule via α1,3-fucosylation. This unlocks the potential for using this more primitive stem cell to treat blood disorders because our findings show CD34negHSCs have the capacity to regenerate cells in the bone marrow of mice for several months. Furthermore, our RNA sequencing analysis revealed that CD34negHSCs have unique adhesion pathways, downregulated in CD34posHSCs, that facilitate interaction with the bone marrow niche. Our findings suggest that CD34neg cells will best thrive when the HSC resides in its microenvironment.
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- 2024
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58. Symmetry of hypersurfaces and the Hopf Lemma
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YanYan Li
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symmetry ,hypersurfaces ,mean curvature ,higher order curvature ,hopf lemma ,Applied mathematics. Quantitative methods ,T57-57.97 - Abstract
A classical theorem of A. D. Alexandrov says that a connected compact smooth hypersurface in Euclidean space with constant mean curvature must be a sphere. We give exposition to some results on symmetry properties of hypersurfaces with ordered mean curvature and associated variations of the Hopf Lemma. Some open problems will be discussed.
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- 2023
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59. Interruption time series analysis using autoregressive integrated moving average model: evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on the epidemic trend of gonorrhea in China
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Yanyan Li, Xingyan Liu, Xinxiao Li, Chenlu Xue, Bingjie Zhang, and Yongbin Wang
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Autoregressive integrated moving average models ,Interrupted time series analysis ,Intervention analysis ,COVID-19 ,Gonorrhea ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis is a growing method for assessing intervention impacts on diseases. However, it remains unstudied how the COVID-19 outbreak impacts gonorrhea. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on gonorrhea and predict gonorrhea epidemics using the ITS-autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. Methods The number of gonorrhea cases reported in China from January 2005 to September 2022 was collected. Statistical descriptions were applied to indicate the overall epidemiological characteristics of the data, and then the ITS-ARIMA was established. Additionally, we compared the forecasting abilities of ITS-ARIMA with Bayesian structural time series (BSTS), and discussed the model selection process, transfer function, check model fitting, and interpretation of results. Result During 2005–2022, the total cases of gonorrhea were 2,165,048, with an annual average incidence rate of 8.99 per 100,000 people. The highest incidence rate was 14.2 per 100,000 people in 2005 and the lowest was 6.9 per 100,000 people in 2012. The optimal model was ARIMA (0,1, (1,3)) (0,1,1)12 (Akaike’s information criterion = 3293.93). When predicting the gonorrhea incidence, the mean absolute percentage error under the ARIMA (16.45%) was smaller than that under the BSTS (22.48%). The study found a 62.4% reduction in gonorrhea during the first-level response, a 46.47% reduction during the second-level response, and an increase of 3.6% during the third-level response. The final model estimated a step change of − 2171 (95% confidence interval [CI] − 3698 to − 644) cases and an impulse change of − 1359 (95% CI − 2381 to − 338) cases. Using the ITS-ARIMA to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on gonorrhea, the gonorrhea incidence showed a temporary decline before rebounding to pre-COVID-19 levels in China. Conclusion ITS analysis is a valuable tool for gauging intervention effectiveness, providing flexibility in modelling various impacts. The ITS-ARIMA model can adeptly explain potential trends, autocorrelation, and seasonality. Gonorrhea, marked by periodicity and seasonality, exhibited a downward trend under the influence of COVID-19 intervention. The ITS-ARIMA outperformed the BSTS, offering superior predictive capabilities for the gonorrhea incidence trend in China.
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- 2023
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60. Tumor regression grade combined with post‐therapy lymph node status: A novel independent prognostic factor for patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery in locally advanced gastroesophageal junction and gastric carcinoma
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Hongyan Yin, Qian Yao, Yi Xie, Dongfeng Niu, Wenya Jiang, Huiying Cao, Xujiao Feng, Yanyan Li, Yilin Li, Xiaotian Zhang, Lin Shen, and Yang Chen
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gastroesophageal junction and gastric carcinoma ,immunotherapy ,lymph node status ,neoadjuvant therapy ,tumor regression grade ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Tumor regression grade (TRG) is a measure of histopathological response to neoadjuvant therapy (NAT). Post‐therapy lymph node (ypN) metastasis was reported as a prognostic factor. However, the evaluation of the treatment effectiveness of NAT has not been well studied. Here, we explored whether TRG combined with ypN status could be a prognostic factor for gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) and gastric cancer (GC). Besides, we aimed at making clear the association of different neoadjuvant regimens with different TRG and ypN status. Methods 376 patients with GEJ or GC accepting NAT in Peking University Cancer Hospital were retrospectively collected from January 1, 2003 to June 30, 2021. According to TRG and ypN status, patients were innovatively categorized into four groups: TRG0N0, TRG1‐3N0, TRG0‐1N+, and TRG2‐3N+. We applied Kaplan–Meier method and log‐rank test to testify the differences in disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) among four groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to examine the relationships between TRG combined with ypN status and prognosis. Results We observed significant survival differences among the four groups (p
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- 2023
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61. Impact of COVID-19 on epidemic trend of hepatitis C in Henan Province assessed by interrupted time series analysis
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Yanyan Li, Xinxiao Li, Xianxiang Lan, Chenlu Xue, Bingjie Zhang, and YongBin Wang
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Interruption time series analysis ,Autoregressive comprehensive moving average model ,COVID-19 ,Hepatitis C ,Intervention analysis ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Objective Hepatitis C presents a profound global health challenge. The impact of COVID-19 on hepatitis C, however, remain uncertain. This study aimed to ascertain the influence of COVID-19 on the hepatitis C epidemic trend in Henan Province. Methods We collated the number of monthly diagnosed cases in Henan Province from January 2013 to September 2022. Upon detailing the overarching epidemiological characteristics, the interrupted time series (ITS) analysis using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models was employed to estimate the hepatitis C diagnosis rate pre and post the COVID-19 emergence. In addition, we also discussed the model selection process, test model fitting, and result interpretation. Results Between January 2013 and September 2022, a total of 267,968 hepatitis C cases were diagnosed. The yearly average diagnosis rate stood at 2.42/100,000 persons. While 2013 witnessed the peak diagnosis rate at 2.97/100,000 persons, 2020 reported the least at 1.7/100,000 persons. The monthly mean hepatitis C diagnosed numbers culminated in 2291 cases. The optimal ARIMA model chosen was ARIMA (0,1,1) (0,1,1)12 with AIC = 1459.58, AICc = 1460.19, and BIC = 1472.8; having coefficients MA1=-0.62 (t=-8.06, P
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- 2023
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62. Intratumoral CD103+CD8+ T cells predict response to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
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Siqi Ren, Tianjun Lan, Fan Wu, Suling Chen, Xue Jiang, Chuying Huo, Zitian Li, Shule Xie, Donghui Wu, Ruixin Wang, Yanyan Li, Lin Qiu, Guoxin Huang, Shurui Li, Xiaojuan Wang, Meifeng Cen, Tingting Cai, Zhaoyu Lin, Jinsong Li, and Bowen Li
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CD103 ,CD8 ,head and neck squamous cell carcinoma ,neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy ,predictive marker ,tumor‐infiltrating lymphocyte ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Immune cell heterogenicity is known to determine the therapeutic response to cancer progression. Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NACI) has shown clinical benefits in some patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but the underlying mechanism behind this clinical response is unknown. The efficacy of NACI needs to be potentiated by identifying accurate biomarkers to predict clinical responses. Here, we attempted to identify molecules predicting NACI response in advanced HNSCC. Methods We performed combined single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) and multiplex immunofluorescence (mIHC) staining with tumor samples derived from NACI‐treated HNSCC patients to identify a new tumor‐infiltrating cell (TIL) subtype, CD103+CD8+ TILs, associated with clinical response, while both in vitro and in vivo assays were carried out to determine its antitumor efficiency. The regulatory mechanism of the CD103+CD8+ TILs population was examined by performing cell‐cell interaction analysis of the scRNA‐seq data and spatial analysis of the mIHC images. Results We established intratumoral CD103+CD8+ TILs density as a determinant of NACI efficacy in cancers. Our scRNA‐seq results indicated that the population of CD103+CD8+ TILs was dramatically increased in the responders of NACI‐treated HNSCC patients, while mIHC analysis confirmed the correlation between intratumoral CD103+CD8+ TILs density and NACI efficacy in HNSCC patients. Further receiver operating characteristic curve analysis defined this TIL subset as a potent marker to predict patient response to NACI. Functional assays showed that CD103+CD8+ TILs were tumor‐reactive T cells, while programmed cell death protein‐1 (PD‐1) blockade enhanced CD103+CD8+ TILs cytotoxicity against tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, targeting the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2‐positive (TREM2+) macrophages might enhance the population of CD103+CD8+ TILs and facilitate antitumor immunity during NACI treatment. Conclusions Our study highlights the impact of intratumoral CD103+CD8+ TILs density on NACI efficacy in different cancers, while the efforts to elevate its population warrant further clinical investigation.
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- 2023
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63. Design of Ti2AlC/YSZ TBCs for more efficient in resisting CMAS attack
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Lei Guo, Yanyan Li, and Guang Li
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thermal barrier coatings (tbcs) ,calcium–magnesium–alumina–silicate (cmas) ,ti2alc/ysz ,pre-oxidation design ,corrosion resistance mechanisms ,Clay industries. Ceramics. Glass ,TP785-869 - Abstract
Ti2AlC has been demonstrated as the promising protective layer material for thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) against calcium–magnesium–alumina–silicate (CMAS) attack. In this study, the reliability of Ti2AlC coatings against the CMAS corrosion was explored, and new Ti2AlC/YSZ TBCs more efficiently resistant to CMAS were designed. The fabricated Ti2AlC coatings inevitably contain some impurity phases (TiC and Al2Ti3), the contents of which were minimized by optimizing the spraying distance. Corrosion tests revealed that Ti2AlC/YSZ TBCs yielded higher resistance to the CMAS attack than YSZ TBCs, but with long-term exposure to CMAS, the Ti2AlC protective coating exhibited microstructure degradation due to the presence of the impurity phases, which caused the formation of a layer mixed with Al2O3 and TiO2 rather than a continuous compact Al2O3 layer on the surface. Pre-oxidation schemes were designed in air or with a controlled oxygen partial pressure, which revealed that the pre-oxidation at an oxygen partial pressure of ~630 Pa could promote a continuous Al2O3 layer formed on the Ti2AlC protective coating surface. Furthermore, a vacuum heat treatment at 867 ℃ for 10 h before pre-oxidation was beneficial for the formation of the compact Al2O3 layer. Through the above scheme design, new Ti2AlC/YSZ TBCs were obtained, which had reduced impurity phase contents and a pre-oxide layer with an ideal structure on the surface. New TBCs exhibit higher microstructure stability exposed to CMAS and more efficient CMAS resistance.
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- 2023
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64. Oxamate enhances the efficacy of CAR-T therapy against glioblastoma via suppressing ectonucleotidases and CCR8 lactylation
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Ting Sun, Bin Liu, Yanyan Li, Jie Wu, Yufei Cao, Shuangyu Yang, Huiling Tan, Lize Cai, Shiqi Zhang, Xinyue Qi, Dingjia Yu, and Wei Yang
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CAR-T ,Glioblastoma ,Histone lactylation ,Ectonucleotidases ,CCR8 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T immunotherapy fails to treat solid tumors due in part to immunosuppressive microenvironment. Excess lactate produced by tumor glycolysis increases CAR-T immunosuppression. The mechanism of lactate inducing the formation of immunosuppressive microenvironment remains to be further explored. Methods Immunocyte subpopulations and molecular characteristics were analyzed in the orthotopic xenografts of nude mice using flow cytometry assay and immunohistochemical staining after oxamate, a lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) inhibitor, and control T or CAR-T cells injection alone or in combination. RT-qPCR, western blot, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation and ELISA were performed to measure the effect of lactate on the regulation of CD39, CD73 and CCR8 in cultured glioma stem cells, CD4 + T cells or macrophages. Results Oxamate promoted immune activation of tumor-infiltrating CAR-T cells through altering the phenotypes of immune molecules and increasing regulatory T (Treg) cells infiltration in a glioblastoma mouse model. Lactate accumulation within cells upregulated CD39, CD73 and CCR8 expressions in both lactate-treated cells and glioma stem cells-co-cultured CD4 + T cells and macrophages, and intracellular lactate directly elevated the activities of these gene promotors through histone H3K18 lactylation. Conclusions Utilizing lactate generation inhibitor not only reprogramed glucose metabolism of cancer stem cells, but also alleviated immunosuppression of tumor microenvironment and reduced tumor-infiltrating CAR-Treg cells, which may be a potential strategy to enhance CAR-T function in glioblastoma therapy.
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- 2023
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65. The leaderless communication peptide (LCP) class of quorum-sensing peptides is broadly distributed among Firmicutes
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Shifu Aggarwal, Elaine Huang, Hackwon Do, Nishanth Makthal, Yanyan Li, Eric Bapteste, Philippe Lopez, Charles Bernard, and Muthiah Kumaraswami
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Science - Abstract
Abstract The human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes secretes a short peptide (leaderless communication peptide, LCP) that mediates intercellular communication and controls bacterial virulence through interaction with its receptor, RopB. Here, we show that LCP and RopB homologues are present in other Firmicutes. We experimentally validate that LCPs with distinct peptide communication codes act as bacterial intercellular signals and regulate gene expression in Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus porcinus, Enterococcus malodoratus and Limosilactobacillus reuteri. Our results indicate that LCPs are more widespread than previously thought, and their characterization may uncover new signaling mechanisms and roles in coordinating diverse bacterial traits.
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- 2023
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66. Intense ultraviolet–visible–infrared full-spectrum laser
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Lihong Hong, Liqiang Liu, Yuanyuan Liu, Junyu Qian, Renyu Feng, Wenkai Li, Yanyan Li, Yujie Peng, Yuxin Leng, Ruxin Li, and Zhi-Yuan Li
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Applied optics. Photonics ,TA1501-1820 ,Optics. Light ,QC350-467 - Abstract
Abstract A high-brightness ultrabroadband supercontinuum white laser is desirable for various fields of modern science. Here, we present an intense ultraviolet-visible-infrared full-spectrum femtosecond laser source (with 300–5000 nm 25 dB bandwidth) with 0.54 mJ per pulse. The laser is obtained by sending a 3.9 μm, 3.3 mJ mid-infrared pump pulse into a cascaded architecture of gas-filled hollow-core fiber, a bare lithium niobate crystal plate, and a specially designed chirped periodically poled lithium niobate crystal, under the synergic action of second and third order nonlinearities such as high harmonic generation and self-phase modulation. This full-spectrum femtosecond laser source can provide a revolutionary tool for optical spectroscopy and find potential applications in physics, chemistry, biology, material science, industrial processing, and environment monitoring.
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- 2023
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67. Processing Technology Optimization and Quality Analysis of Chimonobambusa quadrangularis Shoot Powder Crisp Biscuits
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Yanyan LI, Xueqin LIAO, Shihan CHENG, Fusheng ZHANG, Bin LI, Liangru WU, and Jiong ZHENG
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chimonobambusa quadrangularis shoot powder ,biscuits ,color ,texture properties ,sensory qualities ,Food processing and manufacture ,TP368-456 - Abstract
To develop a biscuit product with high dietary fiber content and improve the comprehensive utilization rate of bamboo shoots, Chimonobambusa quadrangularis shoot powder (CQSP) was added to biscuits. Inspected by the effect of CQSP addition, butter addition, sugar addition, baking temperature and baking time on the quality of biscuits, using chroma value, texture properties and sensory evaluation as the index, studied by single factor experiment to optimize the Chimonobambusa quadrangularis shoot biscuits craft formula. The results showed that with the increase of CQSP addition, the a* and b * of biscuits increased. The L* did not change significantly when the content of CQSP was added from 0% to 3%, the brightness of biscuits decreased significantly (P>0.05) when the content of CQSP was added from 4% to 5%, and the hardness, crispness and chewiness of biscuits increased gradually. The hardness, crispness and chewiness of the biscuits decreased with the increase of butter content. The biscuit quality was better, when the content of butter added was 24%. The hardness of the biscuit increased with the increase of sugar content. When the sugar content was 13%~15%, the biscuit hardness was the best. The L* of biscuits gradually decreases with the increase of baking temperature. When the baking temperature was 160~180 ℃, the biscuits become dark obviously. With the increase of baking time, the a* and b * of biscuits increased, the L* gradually decreased, and the hardness, crispness and chewiness of biscuits increased gradually. After single factor optimization, the best formula of CQSP crisp biscuit was CQSP 3%, butter 24%, sugar 13%, baking at 150 ℃ for 25 minutes. Under the technological conditions, the L* of was 71.1, the a* was 2.05, the b* was 27.43, the hardness was 2466.16 g, the crispness was 2050.02 g, the chewiness was 541.29, the sensory score could reach 83.1. The results can provide a theoretical reference for high value utilization of by-products of bamboo shoot processing.
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- 2023
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68. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 1 (NR4A1) Promotes the Adipogenesis of Intramuscular Preadipocytes through PI3K/AKT Pathway in Goats
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Jiani Xing, Jianying Zheng, Sheng Cui, Jinling Wang, Yong Wang, Yanyan Li, Jiangjiang Zhu, and Yaqiu Lin
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goat ,NR4A1 ,intramuscular preadipocyte ,adipogenesis ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
As a transcription factor, Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 1 (NR4A1) binds to downstream target genes to participate in cell proliferation and cell differentiation. We found that the NR4A1 reached the highest expression at 60 h after the differentiation of goat intramuscular preadipocytes. Overexpression of goat NR4A1 increased the number of intracellular lipid droplets and up-regulated the expression of adipocyte-differentiation-related marker genes including AP2, SREBP1, ACC, GPAM, and DGAT2, while the relative expression levels of Pref-1 and HSL were significantly decreased. On the contrary, after NR4A1 was knocked down by siRNA, the number of intracellular lipid droplets and the relative expression levels of LPL, CEBPα, CEBPβ, ACC, and DGAT2 were significantly decreased, and the relative expression levels of Pref-1 and HSL were significantly up-regulated. These results suggest that NR4A1 promotes the differentiation of goat intramuscular preadipocytes. Transcriptome sequencing was carried out after overexpression of goat NR4A1, and the KEGG enrichment analysis result showed that the most differentially expressed genes were related to adipocyte differentiation and were enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. LY249002, an inhibitor of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, was introduced and decreased the number of intracellular lipid droplets, and the relative expression levels of C/EBPα, SREBP1, AP2, C/EBPβ, GPAM, ACC, DGAT1, DGAT2, and ATGL were decreased accordingly. The above results indicate that overexpression of goat NR4A1 may promote the differentiation of intramuscular preadipocytes through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
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- 2024
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69. Evolutionary and Expression Analysis of the Pig MAGE Gene Family
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Yu Zhang, Jian Tang, Yiwen Zheng, Wanshu Guo, Yuanyuan Guo, Minghang Chang, Hui Wang, Yanyan Li, Zhaoyue Chang, Yuan Xu, and Zhipeng Wang
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MAGE family ,phylogenetic trees ,pigs (Sus scrofa) ,gene expression ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
The melanoma-associated antigen (MAGE) family found in eukaryotes plays a crucial role in cell proliferation and differentiation, spermatogenesis, neural development, etc. This study explored the validation and evolution of MAGE genes in eukaryotic genomes and their distribution and expression patterns in pigs. In total, 249 MAGE genes were found on 13 eukaryotic species. In total, 33, 25, and 18 genes were located on human, mouse, and pig genomes, respectively. We found eight, four, and three tandemly duplicated gene clusters on the human, mouse, and pig genomes, respectively. The majority of MAGE genes in mammals are located on the X chromosome. According to the phylogenetic analysis, the MAGE family genes were classified into 11 subfamilies. The NDN gene in zebrafish (DreNDN) was the root of this evolutionary tree. In total, 10 and 11 MAGE genes on human and mouse genomes, respectively, exhibited a collinearity relationship with the MAGE genes on pig genomes. Taking the MAGE family genes in pigs, the MAGE subfamilies had similar gene structures, protein motifs, and biochemical attributes. Using the RNA-seq data of Duroc pigs and Rongchang pigs, we detected that the expression of type I MAGE genes was higher in reproductive tissues, but type II MAGE genes were predominantly expressed in the brain tissue. These findings are a valuable resource for gaining insight into the evolution and expression of the MAGE family genes.
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- 2024
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70. Assessment of Infant Exposure to Antidepressants through Breastfeeding: A Literature Review of Currently Available Approaches
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Leah Arbitman, Shirley Chen, Brian Kim, Melinda Lee, Peng Zou, Bennett Doughty, Yanyan Li, and Tao Zhang
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antidepressants ,breastfeeding ,depression ,lactation ,M/P ratio ,nursing infant ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Despite the prevalence of depression in lactating mothers, there is a lack of knowledge about the excretion of antidepressants into breast milk and its potential adverse effects on infants. This creates concern, making depressed lactating mothers more likely to avoid pharmacological treatment. Clinical lactation studies are the most accurate and direct method to predict and demonstrate the excretion of antidepressants into human breast milk, and results from clinical studies can be included in drug labels to help physicians and patients make decisions on antidepressant use during lactation. However, there are limited clinical trials and studies on the pharmacokinetics of antidepressants in lactating women because of a lack of enrollment and ethical and confounding factors, creating a lack of knowledge in this area. To bridge this gap in knowledge, alternative methods should be sought to help estimate the antidepressant concentration in breast milk, which is used to assess the safety and transfer of antidepressants into breast milk. We provide a comprehensive review of the usage of these cost-effective, time-efficient, and ethically feasible methods that serve to provide a valuable estimation of the safety and transfer of antidepressants into breast milk before conducting clinical studies.
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- 2024
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71. Exploring the Impact of Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze.)/Trachelospermum jasminoides (Lindl.) Lem. Intercropping on Soil Health and Microbial Communities
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Yulin Xiong, Shuaibo Shao, Dongliang Li, He Liu, Wei Xie, Wei Huang, Jing Li, Chuanpeng Nie, Jianming Zhang, Yongcong Hong, Qiuling Wang, Pumo Cai, and Yanyan Li
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intercropping ,Trachelospermum jasminoides ,physicochemical properties ,microbial community structure ,functional prediction ,Agriculture - Abstract
Intercropping, a well-established agroecological technique designed to bolster ecological stability, has been shown to have a significant impact on soil health. However, the specific effects of tea/Trachelospermum jasminoides intercropping on the physicochemical properties and functional microbial community structure in practical cultivation have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we utilized high-throughput sequencing technology on the 16S/ITS rDNA genes to assess the impact of tea intercropping with T. jasminoides on the composition, diversity, and potential functions of the soil microbial community in tea gardens. The results indicated that the tea/T. jasminoides intercropping system significantly increased pH levels, soil organic matter, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and enzyme activity, ultimately augmenting soil nutrient levels. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis of the bacterial co-occurrence network and topological structure portrayed a more intricate and interconnected soil bacterial community in tea gardens. Remarkably, the abundance of beneficial genera, including Burkholderia, Mesorhizobium, Penicillium, and Trichoderma, underwent a substantial increase, whereas the relative abundance of pathogenic fungi such as Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Curvularia experienced a marked decline. Functional predictions also indicated a notable enhancement in the abundance of microorganisms associated with nitrogen and carbon cycling processes. In summary, the intercropping of tea and T. jasminoides holds the potential to enrich soil nutrient content, reshape the microbial community structure, bolster the abundance of functional microorganisms, and mitigate the prevalence of pathogenic fungi. Consequently, this intercropping system offers a promising solution for sustainable tea garden management, overcoming the limitations of traditional cultivation methods and providing valuable insights for sustainable agriculture practices.
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- 2024
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72. Metabolomics Reveals the Impact of Overexpression of Cytosolic Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphatase on Photosynthesis and Growth in Nannochloropsis gaditana
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Zhengying Zhang, Yanyan Li, Shuting Wen, Shu Yang, Hongmei Zhu, and Hantao Zhou
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Nannochloropsis gaditana ,cyFBPase ,biomass ,photosynthesis ,metabolic ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Nannochloropsis gaditana, a microalga known for its photosynthetic efficiency, serves as a cell factory, producing valuable biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, and pigments. These components make it an ideal candidate for biofuel production and pharmaceutical applications. In this study, we genetically engineered N. gaditana to overexpress the enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (cyFBPase) using the Hsp promoter, aiming to enhance sugar metabolism and biomass accumulation. The modified algal strain, termed NgFBP, exhibited a 1.34-fold increase in cyFBPase activity under photoautotrophic conditions. This modification led to a doubling of biomass production and an increase in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) content in fatty acids to 20.78–23.08%. Additionally, the genetic alteration activated the pathways related to glycine, protoporphyrin, thioglucosides, pantothenic acid, CoA, and glycerophospholipids. This shift in carbon allocation towards chloroplast development significantly enhanced photosynthesis and growth. The outcomes of this study not only improve our understanding of photosynthesis and carbon allocation in N. gaditana but also suggest new biotechnological methods to optimize biomass yield and compound production in microalgae.
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- 2024
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73. Comparison of the Value of Four Objective Nutritional Indices in Assessing the Long-Term Prognosis of Elderly Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
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Xingman Fan, Qiongyi He, Kaijie Zhang, Xiaohua Lan, Yanyan Li, and Haitao Zhang
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heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (hfpef) ,prognosis ,objective nutrient score ,older ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background: The long-term prognosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is influenced by malnutrition. Currently, there’s a deficit in objective and comprehensive nutritional assessment methods to evaluate the nutritional status and predicting the long-term outcomes of HFpEF patients. Methods: Our retrospective study included two hundred and eighteen elderly HFpEF patients admitted to the cardiovascular ward at the Air Force Medical Centre from January 2016 to December 2021. Based on follow-up outcomes, patients were categorized into all-cause death (99 cases) and Survival (119 cases) groups. We compared general data, laboratory results, and nutritional indexes between groups. Differences in subgroups based on Triglyceride-Total Cholesterol-Body Weight Index (TCBI), Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), and Controlled Nutrition Score (CONUT) were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank test. COX regression was used to identify all-cause mortality risk factors, and the predictive accuracy of the four nutritional indices was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Delong test analysis. Results: A total of 101 (45.41%) HFpEF patients experienced all-cause mortality during 59.02 ± 1.79 months of follow-up. The all-cause mortality group exhibited lower GNRI and PNI levels, and higher CONUT levels than the Survival group (p < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed lower cumulative survival in the low GNRI (≤96.50) and low PNI (≤43.75) groups, but higher in the low CONUT (≤2) group, compared to their respective medium and high-value groups. Multifactorial COX regression identified low PNI (≤43.75) as an independent all-cause mortality risk factor in elderly HFpEF patients. ROC and Delong’s test indicated PNI (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.698, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.629–0.768) as a more effective predictor of all-cause mortality than TCBI (AUC = 0.533, 95% CI 0.456–0.610) and CONUT (AUC = 0.621, 95% CI 0.547–0.695; p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference compared to GNRI (AUC = 0.663, 95% CI 0.590–0.735; p > 0.05). Conclusions: In elderly HFpEF patients a PNI ≤43.75 was identified as an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality. Moreover, PNI demonstrates superior prognostic performance in predicting all-cause mortality in elderly patients with HFpEF when compared to TCBI, GNRI, and COUNT.
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- 2024
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74. Synergy of Oxygen Vacancy and Surface Modulation Endows Hollow Hydrangea-like MnCo2O4.5 with Enhanced Capacitive Performance
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Gaofeng Li, Yanyan Li, Pengfei Wang, Lingling Chen, Longfei Li, Chen Bao, Jianfei Tu, and Dianbo Ruan
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hollow structure ,vacancy ,nanosheet ,supercapacitors ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Surface chemistry and bulk structure jointly play crucial roles in achieving high-performance supercapacitors. Here, the synergistic effect of surface chemistry properties (vacancy and phosphorization) and structure-derived properties (hollow hydrangea-like structure) on energy storage is explored by the surface treatment and architecture design of the nanostructures. The theoretical calculations and experiments prove that surface chemistry modulation is capable of improving electronic conductivity and electrolyte wettability. The structural engineering of both hollow and nanosheets produces a high specific surface area and an abundant pore structure, which is favorable in exposing more active sites and shortens the ion diffusion distance. Benefiting from its admirable physicochemical properties, the surface phosphorylated MnCo2O4.5 hollow hydrangea-like structure (P-MnCoO) delivers a high capacitance of 425 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, a superior capability rate of 63.9%, capacitance retention at 10 A g−1, and extremely long cyclic stability (91.1% after 10,000 cycles). The fabricated P-MnCoO/AC asymmetric supercapacitor achieved superior energy and power density. This work opens a new avenue to further improve the electrochemical performance of metal oxides for supercapacitors.
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- 2024
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75. The Inverted U-Shaped Association between Serum Vitamin D and Serum Uric Acid Status in Children and Adolescents: A Large Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analysis
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Zhuang Ma, Ting Xiong, Yan Li, Binxuan Kong, Wenlong Lu, Ziyang Zhang, Liangkai Chen, Yuhan Tang, Ping Yao, Jingfan Xiong, Yanyan Li, and Yuanjue Wu
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serum vitamin D ,serum uric acid ,children and adolescents ,cross-sectional ,longitudinal surveys ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Background: Serum vitamin D is associated with hyperuricemia. However, previous studies have been controversial, with limited focus on children and adolescents. Objective: This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between serum vitamin D and serum uric acid (SUA) levels in children and adolescents. Methods: The cross-sectional survey comprised 4777 participants aged 6 to 18 years, while the longitudinal survey involved 1641 participants aged 6 to 12 years, all derived from an ongoing cohort study in Shenzhen, China. Restricted cubic splines were used to visualize the dose–response relationship between vitamin D and SUA and the risk of higher SUA status. Two-segment generalized linear models (GLM) and logistic models were used to assess the association between vitamin D and SUA and higher SUA status, respectively. The longitudinal analysis used GLM. Results: We observed an inverted U-shaped relationship between vitamin D and SUA (p-overall < 0.0001, p-nonlinear = 0.0002), as well as the risk of higher SUA status (p-overall = 0.0054, p-nonlinear = 0.0015), with the vitamin D inflection point at 24.31 and 21.29 ng/mL, respectively. A 10 ng/mL increment in 25(OH)D3 levels, when below 20.92 ng/mL, was associated with a 68% rise in the risk of higher SUA status (OR: 1.68, 95%CI: 1.07–2.66). Conversely, when 25(OH)D3 levels were above or equal to 20.92 ng/mL, a 10 ng/mL increment was associated with a 45% reduction risk of higher SUA status (OR: 0.55, 95%CI: 0.36–0.84). Longitudinal analysis indicated that the annual change of SUA was from −4.80 (β, 95%CI: −10.74, 1.13) to −9.00 (β, 95%CI: −15.03, −2.99) and then to −6.77 (β, 95%CI: −12.83, −0.71, p for trend = 0.0212) μmol/L when increasing the quartile of vitamin D3. Conclusions: An inverse U-shaped relationship was observed between vitamin D and SUA as well as the risk of higher SUA status. Sufficient vitamin D levels appear to play a preventative role against the age-related increase in SUA. Ensuring adequate vitamin D levels may be beneficial in improving uric acid metabolism.
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- 2024
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76. Evaluation of health warning labels for commercial locations vending sugar-sweetened beverages
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Yanyan LI, Yan LI, Wenlong LU, Rongyin FU, Lin CHEN, Shuangxia ZHANG, and Jingfan XIONG
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sugar-sweetened beverage ,health warning label ,site manager ,consumer ,child and adolescent ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Toxicology. Poisons ,RA1190-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundLong-term excessive consuming sugar-sweetened beverages have a negative impact on health. In order to decrease the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and create a healthy food environment, the Health Commission of Shenzhen Municipality pioneered to enforce health warning labels presented in commercial locations vending sugar-sweetened beverages based on relevant provisions of the Health Regulations of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone,but its effect has not yet been evaluated. ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of presenting health warning labels in commercial locations vending sugar-sweetened beverages in Shenzhen. MethodsA multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to randomly select one street in each of the 10 districts (excluding the Shenzhen Shantou Special Cooperation Zone) of Shenzhen followed by a convenience sampling to select sampling sites to conduct an undercover investigation on the presentation of health warning labels for sugar-sweetened beverages in six different types of venues (n=232) such as shopping malls, ordinary supermarkets/convenience stores, self-service vending machines, catering service places, medical institutions, and venues serving minors' education and activities. At the same time, 238 site managers, 1002 adult consumers, and 7396 child and adolescent consumers were interviewed. ResultsAmong 213 commercial locations vending sugar-sweetened beverages, the rate of health warning label installation was 26.3%, with the highest installation rate in shopping malls (55.0%). Among site managers, 47.8% were aware that commercial locations were required to install health warning labels, and 50.0% were aware of the standards for setting up health warning labels. The higher the awareness of relevant regulations, the higher the rate of installation of health warning labels. More than half of site managers (55.3%) believed that after installing health warning labels, the sales of sugar-sweetened beverages and sugar-sweetened beverages in large-volume packages had decreased compared to the same period in previous years. Most of the interviewed consumers indicated that if they saw the health warning labels for sugar-sweetened beverages, they would buy less, give up purchasing, or choose low-sugar or sugar-free beverages, and also discourage their family members or friends from drinking such beverages. Compared with participants without awareness of the health warning labels, both adult and child and adolescent consumers with awareness of the health warning labels believed that the installation is beneficial to their good eating habits and reported a higher proportion of discouraging family members or friends from drinking such beverages, with a lower frequency of consuming sugar-sweetened beverages.ConclusionHealth warning labels for sugar-sweetened beverages have a significant effect on promoting behavior changes, and both site managers and citizens have a high level of support for them. However, in view of the low voluntary compliance rate of commercial locations and the installation rate of health warning labels, the publicity and enforcement of the Health Regulations of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone should be enhanced.
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- 2023
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77. Design optimization of a coal seam annular air reverse circulation bit
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Demin Chen, Baohua Qu, Wei Long, and Yanyan Li
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bit ,coal seam ,computational fluid dynamics ,orthogonal design ,reverse circulation ,Technology ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Reverse circulation (RC) drilling technology enables the rapid acquisition of coal seam samples, which is crucial in accurately measuring gas content. In addition, the design of the drill bit plays a key role in RC sampling. In this study, the turbulence model and simulation method applied during the RC drilling process is analyzed, and an annular jet flow bit is developed. An experimental laboratory setup is used to simulate the RC performance of the proposed drill bit, based on which an orthogonal design simulation of the structural parameters of the drilling bit studies was performed to investigate the effects of the RC drilling process. The experimental results show that annular jet flow moving up the central channel wall of the bit is conducive to the suction of annular airflow and results in the strong flow field created by the center channel of the bit generating negative pressure in the center channel of the bit, a comparison of the computational fluid dynamics data on negative pressure and suction rate shows that the annular jet flow RC bit is suitable for use in RC drilling.
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- 2023
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78. Recent development of surface-enhanced Raman scattering for biosensing
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Chenglong Lin, Yanyan Li, Yusi Peng, Shuai Zhao, Meimei Xu, Lingxia Zhang, Zhengren Huang, Jianlin Shi, and Yong Yang
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SERS ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Biomolecular ,Tumor ,Biological imaging ,Machine learning ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
Abstract Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) technology, as a powerful tool to identify molecular species by collecting molecular spectral signals at the single-molecule level, has achieved substantial progresses in the fields of environmental science, medical diagnosis, food safety, and biological analysis. As deepening research is delved into SERS sensing, more and more high-performance or multifunctional SERS substrate materials emerge, which are expected to push Raman sensing into more application fields. Especially in the field of biological analysis, intrinsic and extrinsic SERS sensing schemes have been widely used and explored due to their fast, sensitive and reliable advantages. Herein, recent developments of SERS substrates and their applications in biomolecular detection (SARS-CoV-2 virus, tumor etc.), biological imaging and pesticide detection are summarized. The SERS concepts (including its basic theory and sensing mechanism) and the important strategies (extending from nanomaterials with tunable shapes and nanostructures to surface bio-functionalization by modifying affinity groups or specific biomolecules) for improving SERS biosensing performance are comprehensively discussed. For data analysis and identification, the applications of machine learning methods and software acquisition sources in SERS biosensing and diagnosing are discussed in detail. In conclusion, the challenges and perspectives of SERS biosensing in the future are presented.
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- 2023
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79. A sequence-based machine learning model for predicting antigenic distance for H3N2 influenza virus
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Xingyi Li, Yanyan Li, Xuequn Shang, and Huihui Kong
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influenza A H3N2 virus ,antigenic distances ,virus antigenicity prediction ,antigenic drift ,antigenic variants ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
IntroductionSeasonal influenza A H3N2 viruses are constantly changing, reducing the effectiveness of existing vaccines. As a result, the World Health Organization (WHO) needs to frequently update the vaccine strains to match the antigenicity of emerged H3N2 variants. Traditional assessments of antigenicity rely on serological methods, which are both labor-intensive and time-consuming. Although numerous computational models aim to simplify antigenicity determination, they either lack a robust quantitative linkage between antigenicity and viral sequences or focus restrictively on selected features.MethodsHere, we propose a novel computational method to predict antigenic distances using multiple features, including not only viral sequence attributes but also integrating four distinct categories of features that significantly affect viral antigenicity in sequences.ResultsThis method exhibits low error in virus antigenicity prediction and achieves superior accuracy in discerning antigenic drift. Utilizing this method, we investigated the evolution process of the H3N2 influenza viruses and identified a total of 21 major antigenic clusters from 1968 to 2022.DiscussionInterestingly, our predicted antigenic map aligns closely with the antigenic map generated with serological data. Thus, our method is a promising tool for detecting antigenic variants and guiding the selection of vaccine candidates.
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- 2024
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80. Early life exposure to broccoli sprouts confers stronger protection against enterocolitis development in an immunological mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease
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Lola Holcomb, Johanna M. Holman, Molly Hurd, Brigitte Lavoie, Louisa Colucci, Benjamin Hunt, Timothy Hunt, Marissa Kinney, Jahnavi Pathak, Gary M. Mawe, Peter L. Moses, Emma Perry, Allesandra Stratigakis, Tao Zhang, Grace Chen, Suzanne L. Ishaq, and Yanyan Li
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Crohn’s disease ,cruciferous vegetables ,sulforaphane ,glucoraphanin ,gut microbiota ,dietary bioactives ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
ABSTRACT Crohn’s disease (CD) is a presentation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that manifests in childhood and adolescence and involves chronic and severe enterocolitis, immune and gut microbial dysregulation, and other complications. Diet and gut-microbiota-produced metabolites are sources of anti-inflammatories that could ameliorate symptoms. However, questions remain on how IBD influences biogeographic patterns of microbial location and function in the gut, how early life transitional gut communities are affected by IBD and diet interventions, and how disruption to biogeography alters disease mediation by diet components or microbial metabolites. Many studies on diet and IBD use a chemically induced ulcerative colitis model, despite the availability of an immune-modulated CD model. Interleukin-10-knockout (IL-10-KO) mice on a C57BL/6 background, beginning at age 4 or 7 weeks, were fed a control diet or one containing 10% (wt/wt) raw broccoli sprouts, which was high in the sprout-sourced anti-inflammatory sulforaphane. Diets began 7 days prior to, and for 2 weeks after inoculation with Helicobacter hepaticus, which triggers Crohn’s-like symptoms in these immune-impaired mice. The broccoli sprout diet increased sulforaphane in plasma; decreased weight stagnation, fecal blood, and diarrhea associated; and increased microbiota richness in the gut, especially in younger mice. Sprout diets resulted in some anatomically specific bacteria in younger mice and reduced the prevalence and abundance of pathobiont bacteria which trigger inflammation in the IL-10-KO mouse, for example, Escherichia coli and Helicobacter. Overall, the IL-10-KO mouse model is responsive to a raw broccoli sprout diet and represents an opportunity for more diet-host-microbiome research.IMPORTANCETo our knowledge, IL-10-KO mice have not previously been used to investigate the interactions of host, microbiota, and broccoli, broccoli sprouts, or broccoli bioactives in resolving symptoms of CD. We showed that a diet containing 10% raw broccoli sprouts increased the plasma concentration of the anti-inflammatory compound sulforaphane and protected mice to varying degrees against disease symptoms, including weight loss or stagnation, fecal blood, and diarrhea. Younger mice responded more strongly to the diet, further reducing symptoms, as well as increased gut bacterial richness, increased bacterial community similarity to each other, and more location-specific communities than older mice on the diet intervention. Crohn’s disease disrupts the lives of patients and requires people to alter dietary and lifestyle habits to manage symptoms. The current medical treatment is expensive with significant side effects, and a dietary intervention represents an affordable, accessible, and simple strategy to reduce the burden of symptoms.
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- 2023
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81. Numerical investigation of air admission influence on the precessing vortex rope in a Francis turbine
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Longgang Sun, Yanyan Li, Pengcheng Guo, and Zhuofei Xu
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Air injection ,precessing vortex rope ,computational fluid dynamics ,influence mechanism ,Francis turbine ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
Precessing vortex rope (PVR) plays a key role in inducing hydraulic resonance in Francis turbines operating at partial load, possibly degrading power plant stability and availability. Air injection into the runner cone is a suitable mitigating alternative; however, the influence mechanism of air injection on PVR remains unclear. The principal objective of this study was to establish response relationships between the characteristic parameters and air injection by the method of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) considering the fluid components of water, water vapour and air. The findings show that cavitation flow can be completely suppressed by slight air injection; however, the helical vortex structures are persisted at 1.0% and 2.0% air volume fractions, and the static pressure recovery is improved together with a slight increase in the hydraulic loss. At 3.0% air volume fraction, the vortex structure completely disappears, leaving an umbrella-shaped structure, with no pressure vibration arising in the turbine. Moreover, the physical mechanism of reducing the pressure amplitudes is clarified. This results clarify the influence mechanism of air injection on PVR, and contribute to steadily extending the flexibility of the operating range of the turbine during the engineering application.
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- 2023
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82. Effectiveness of acupuncture for pain relief in shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke: a systematic evaluation and Bayesian network meta-analysis
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Ting Huang, Hongfang Yao, Junneng Huang, Ning Wang, Chunjun Zhou, Xuyang Huang, Xiangyuan Tan, Yanyan Li, Yuyu Jie, Xiang Wang, Yu Yang, Yingye Liang, Siqian Yue, Yawen Mao, Songxian Lai, Jingyiqi Zheng, and Yufeng He
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acupuncture ,post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome ,pain relief ,systematic review ,Bayesian network meta-analysis ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
BackgroundShoulder-hand syndrome (SHS) is a common complication after stroke, and SHS-induced pain significantly hampers patients’ overall recovery. As an alternative therapy for pain relief, acupuncture has certain advantages in alleviating pain caused by SHS after stroke. However, choosing the best treatment plan from a variety of acupuncture options is still a serious challenge in clinical practice. Therefore, we conducted this Bayesian network meta-analysis to comprehensively compare the effectiveness of various acupuncture treatment methods.MethodsWe systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture treatment in patients with post-stroke SHS published in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science until 9 March 2023. We used the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool to assess the bias risk in the included original studies.ResultsA total of 50 RCTs involving 3,999 subjects were included, comprising 19 types of effective acupuncture interventions. Compared to single rehabilitation training, the top three interventions for VAS improvement were floating needle [VAS = −2.54 (95% CI: −4.37 to −0.69)], rehabilitation + catgut embedding [VAS = −2.51 (95% CI: −4.33 to −0.68)], and other multi-needle acupuncture combinations [VAS = −2.32 (95% CI: −3.68 to −0.94)]. The top three interventions for improving the Fugl–Meyer score were eye acupuncture [Meyer = 15.73 (95% CI: 3.4627.95)], other multi-needle acupuncture combinations [Meyer = 12.22 (95% CI: 5.1919.34)], and traditional western medicine + acupuncture + traditional Chinese medicine [Meyer = 11.96 (95% CI: −0.59 to 24.63)].ConclusionMultiple acupuncture methods are significantly effective in improving pain and upper limb motor function in post-stroke SHS, with relatively few adverse events; thus, acupuncture can be promoted.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, CRD42023410957.
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- 2023
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83. Unveiling the molecular structure and role of RBBP4/7: implications for epigenetic regulation and cancer research
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Lize Cai, Bin Liu, Yufei Cao, Ting Sun, and Yanyan Li
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RBBP4 ,RBBP7 ,epigenetic complex ,scaffold protein ,cancer metabolism ,targeted therapy ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Retinoblastoma-binding protein (RBBP) family is a class of proteins that can interact with tumor suppressor retinoblastoma protein (pRb). RBBP4 and RBBP7 are the only pair of homologous proteins in this family, serving as scaffold proteins whose main function is to offer a platform to indirectly connect two proteins. This characteristic allows them to extensively participate in the binding of various proteins and epigenetic complexes, indirectly influencing the function of effector proteins. As a result, they are often highlighted in organism activities involving active epigenetic modifications, such as embryonic development and cancer activation. In this review, we summarize the structural characteristics of RBBP4/7, the complexes they are involved in, their roles in embryonic development and cancer, as well as potential future research directions, which we hope to inspire the field of epigenetic research in the future.
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- 2023
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84. Optimal starting age of endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer in China: A multicenter prospective cohort study
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Ru Chen, Lizhou Dou, Jiachen Zhou, Guohui Song, Bianyun Li, Deli Zhao, Zhaolai Hua, Xinzheng Wang, Jun Li, Changqing Hao, Yanyan Li, Xiang Feng, Lin Li, Wenqiang Wei, and Guiqi Wang
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cohort ,endoscopic screening ,esophageal cancer ,high risk areas ,starting age ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Although endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer has been performed in high‐risk areas in China for decades, there is limited and inconsistent evidence regarding the starting age for individuals participating in screening. The aim of this study is to investigate the optimal starting age of esophageal cancer screening. Methods This study is based on a multicenter prospective cohort consisting 338,017 permanent residents aged 40–69 years in six high‐risk areas of esophageal cancer in China. The participation rate, detection rate, hazard ratios (HRs), cumulative incidence and mortality and number needed to screen (NNS) were calculated in each age group. Screening burden, benefit and risk were compared among screening strategies with different initiation ages to explore the optimal starting age for population‐based screening in high‐risk areas. Results Individuals aged 50–69 had a higher participation rate, a higher detection rate and improved screening effectiveness than those aged 40–49. The endoscopic screening had no significant effect on reducing the incidence of esophageal cancer in individuals under 55 and mortality in individuals under 45. Increasing the starting age to 50 years reduced the screening demand and NNS by 40% and 55%, and resulted in 12% of detectable positive cases, 16% of preventable incident cases, and 14% of preventable deaths being missed. Conclusions Postponing the starting age of endoscopic screening to 50 years might yield a more‐favorable balance between screening benefit and burden in high‐ risk areas with limited resources.
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- 2023
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85. Characterization of genome-wide STR variation in 6487 human genomes
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Yirong Shi, Yiwei Niu, Peng Zhang, Huaxia Luo, Shuai Liu, Sijia Zhang, Jiajia Wang, Yanyan Li, Xinyue Liu, Tingrui Song, Tao Xu, and Shunmin He
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Science - Abstract
Abstract Short tandem repeats (STRs) are abundant and highly mutagenic in the human genome. Many STR loci have been associated with a range of human genetic disorders. However, most population-scale studies on STR variation in humans have focused on European ancestry cohorts or are limited by sequencing depth. Here, we depicted a comprehensive map of 366,013 polymorphic STRs (pSTRs) constructed from 6487 deeply sequenced genomes, comprising 3983 Chinese samples (~31.5x, NyuWa) and 2504 samples from the 1000 Genomes Project (~33.3x, 1KGP). We found that STR mutations were affected by motif length, chromosome context and epigenetic features. We identified 3273 and 1117 pSTRs whose repeat numbers were associated with gene expression and 3′UTR alternative polyadenylation, respectively. We also implemented population analysis, investigated population differentiated signatures, and genotyped 60 known disease-causing STRs. Overall, this study further extends the scale of STR variation in humans and propels our understanding of the semantics of STRs.
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- 2023
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86. Prevalence and associated factors of smoking among chinese adolescents: a school-based cross-sectional study
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Bingliang Lin, Xin Liu, Wenlong Lu, Xiaobing Wu, Yanyan Li, Ziyang Zhang, Rongyin Fu, Luge Zhang, and Jingfan Xiong
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Adolescents ,Smoking ,Prevalence ,Associated factors ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Shenzhen has made great efforts to address the tobacco epidemic in the past decade. This study aims to evaluate the current status of the tobacco epidemic among adolescent in Shenzhen, China. Methods The multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used in the school-based cross-sectional study in 2019 and a total of 7,423 junior and high school (both senior and vocational) students were recruited. Information on cigarette use was collected by the electronic questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations between current cigarette use and associated factors. ORs with their 95% CIs were reported. Results The prevalence of current cigarette use among adolescents was 2.3%, with boys (3.4%) significantly higher than girls (1.0%). Smoking rates in junior high schools, senior high schools, and vocational senior high schools were 1.0%, 2.7%, and 4.1%, respectively. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that gender, age, parental smoking, teachers smoking in schools, friends smoking, exposure to tobacco marketing, and misconceptions about cigarette use were associated factors for adolescent smoking behaviour. Conclusions The prevalence of current smoking was relatively low among adolescent in Shenzhen, China. Personal characteristics, family, and school were associated with current adolescent smokers.
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- 2023
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87. Anatomical and Biomechanical Stability of Single/Double Screw‐Cancellous Bone Fixations of Regan–Morry Type III Ulnar Coronoid Fractures in Adults: CT Measurement and Finite Element Analysis
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Hao Ye, Yongchao Yang, Tingyang Xing, Guirong Tan, Shuxun Jin, Zhichao Zhao, Weikang Zhang, Yanyan Li, Lei Zhang, Jianshun Wang, Rongmei Zheng, Yun Lu, and Lijun Wu
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Anatomical and Biomechanical Stability ,Digital Orthopaedics Surgery ,Finite Element Method ,Smart Screw Internal Fixation ,Ulnar Coronoid Fracture ,Orthopedic surgery ,RD701-811 - Abstract
Objective At present, it is still uncertain whether single screw has the same stability as double screws in the treatment of ulnar coronal process basal fracture (Regan–Morry type III). So, we aimed to compare the pull‐out force and anti‐rotation torque of anterior single/double screw‐cancellous bone fixation (aSSBF, aDSBF) in this fracture, and further study the influencing factors on anatomical and biomechanical stability of smart screw internal fixations. Methods A total of 63 adult volunteers with no history of elbow injury underwent elbow CT scanning with associated three‐dimensional reconstruction that enabled the measurements of bone density and fixed length of the proximal ulna and coronoid. The models of coronal process basal fracture, aSSBF and aDSBF, were developed and validated. Using the finite element model test, the sensitivity analysis of pull‐out force and rotational torque was carried out. Results The pull‐out force of aSSBF model was positively correlated with the density of the cancellous bone and linearly related to the fixed depth of the screw. The load pattern of pull‐out force of aDSBF model was similar to that of aSSBF model. The ultimate torque of aDSBF model was higher than that of aSSBF model, but the load pattern of ultimate torque of both models was similar to each other when the fracture reset was satisfactory, and the screw nut attaches closely to coronoid process. Moreover, with enhancement of initial pre‐tightening force, the increase of ultimate torque of both models was small. Conclusions In addition to three pull‐out stability factors of smart screw fixations, fracture surface fitting degree and nut fitting degree are the other two important anatomical and biomechanical stability factors of smart screw fixations both for rotational stability. When all pull‐out stability and rotational stability factors meet reasonable conditions simultaneously, single or double screw fixation methods are stable for the treatments of ulnar coronoid basal fractures.
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- 2023
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88. A model-free direct predictive grid-current control strategy for grid-connected converter with an inductance-capacitance-inductance filter
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Leilei Guo, Mingzhe Zheng, Changzhou Yu, Haizhen Xu, and Yanyan Li
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grid-connected converter (gcc) ,model-free predictive current control (mfpcc) ,parameter mismatch ,robustness ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
The disadvantages of the conventional model predictive current control method for the grid-connected converter (GCC) with an inductance-capacitance-inductance (LCL) filter are a large amount of calculation and poor parameter robustness. Once parameters of the model are mismatched, the control accuracy of model predictive control (MPC) will be reduced, which will seriously affect the power quality of the GCC. The article intuitively analyzes the sensitivity of parameter mismatch on the current predictive control of the conventional LCL-filtered GCC. In order to solve these issues, a model-free predictive current control (MFPCC) method for the LCL-filtered GCC is proposed in this paper. The contribution of this work is that a novel current predictive robust controller for the LCL-filtered GCC is designed based on the principle of the ultra-local model of a single input single output system. The proposed control method does not require using any model parameters in the controller, which can effectively suppress the disturbances of the uncertain parameter variations. Compared with conventional MPC, the proposed MFPCC has smaller current total harmonic distortion (THD). When the filter parameters are mismatched, the control error of the proposed method is smaller. Finally, a comparative experimental study is carried out on the platform of Typhoon and PE-Expert4 to verify the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed MFPCC method for the LCL-filtered GCC.
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- 2023
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89. Organizational slack, entrepreneurial orientation, and corporate political activity: From the behavioral theory of the firm
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Yanyan Li, Yu Gao, and Shanxing Gao
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History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Social Sciences - Abstract
Abstract As a popular non-market strategy, corporate political activity (CPA) benefits a firm’s risk management and competitive advantage. However, the mechanism of promoting firms to engage in corporate political activity remains obscure. Based on the behavioral theory of the firm, this research develops a mediation model containing organization slack, entrepreneurial orientation, and corporate political activity to investigate the prediction effect of different types of slack, as well as the mediation effect of different dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation. Based on the multiple informant data from 303 firms in China, this research conducted ordinary least-squares estimation with SPSS and post hoc analysis with PROCESS. The results support the main and key hypotheses. First, entrepreneurial orientation plays a mediation effect between slack and corporate political activity. Second, financial slack provides stronger support to develop certain capabilities than operational slack. Third, two sub-dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation play heterogeneous mediation effects according to their different emphasis. Managerial attitude also mediates the effect of entrepreneurial behavior effect toward CPA. This research enriches the antecedent research of CPA, deepens our understanding of the CPA engagement mechanism, and extends the behavioral theory of the firm.
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- 2023
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90. Influence of Specimen Size on the Compressive Strength of Wood
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Chuan Zhao, Degui Liu, Chuntao Zhang, Yanyan Li, and Yuhao Wang
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specimen size ,wood ,compressive strength ,influence ,finite element simulation ,Building construction ,TH1-9745 - Abstract
This study aimed to discuss the influence of specimen sizes on the compressive strength parameters of wood, specifically focusing on their compression strength, elastic modulus, and Poisson’s ratio. Therefore, three different-sized specimens (20 mm × 20 mm × 30 mm, 40 mm × 40 mm × 60 mm, 60 mm × 90 mm × 90 mm) were manufactured and tested in the longitudinal, radial, and tangential directions, following the standard testing method for acquiring the compressive strength of wood. Subsequently, based on the experimental results, compressive parameters, failure mechanisms, load–displacement curves, and stress–strain relationships were systematically analyzed for the three different-sized specimens. Meanwhile, the influence of specimen size on the compressive strength parameters of wood was also evaluated through finite element numerical simulations, utilizing the obtained mechanical parameters. The results revealed a significant correlation between compressive strength and specimen size, indicating a decrease in compressive strength with an increasing specimen size. Conversely, the elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio exhibited less sensitivity to specimen size changes. Notably, the compressive strength parameters derived from small-sized specimens (20 mm × 20 mm × 30 mm) exhibited a lack of rationality, while those obtained from medium-sized (40 mm × 40 mm × 60 mm), and large-sized specimens (60 mm × 90 mm × 90 mm) demonstrated greater reliability, providing precise results in finite element numerical simulations.
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- 2024
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91. Preparation of Poly(Butadiene–Styrene–Vinyl Pyridine)/Poly(Acrylonitrile–Butadiene) Core–Shell Nanoparticles by Intermittent Seeded Emulsion Polymerization and Their Catalytic Latex Hydrogenation
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Fei Yuan, Xudong Li, Jianying Dou, Baojia Zhang, Xueling Song, Lin Li, Junjie Liu, Yanyan Li, Yigao Jiang, and Hui Wang
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core–shell nanoparticles ,seed emulsion polymerization ,catalytic latex hydrogenation ,particle size ,latex stability ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Seed emulsion polymerization was an effective modification method to improve not only the properties of polymers but also the compatibility between different polymers by designing special core-shell structures. In this study, poly (butadiene-styrene-vinyl pyridine) (VPR)/poly (acrylonitrile-butadiene) (NBR) core–shell nanoparticles (VPR/NBR) were prepared by seed emulsion polymerization using VPR as seed emulsion and butadiene and acrylonitrile as monomers. Subsequently, HVPR/HNBR was obtained by direct hydrogenation of the core–shell nanoparticles in latex using Wilkinson’s catalyst under high temperature and H2 pressure. It is noteworthy that the unsaturated C=C double bonds in the core (VPR) and shell (NBR) of HVPR/HNBR nanoparticles were reduced simultaneously during the hydrogenation process without obvious sequence. The particle size and size distribution of the particles remained consistent before and after hydrogenation, indicating that the synthesized core-shell nanoparticles have excellent stability. This study provides a new perspective on the chemical modification of NBR and promises an environmentally friendly “green” process for the industrial hydrogenation of unsaturated elastomers.
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- 2024
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92. Author Correction: Skiing economy and kinematic during a field double poling roller skiing among novice and experienced cross-country skiers
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Yang Zhu, Zhiqiang Wang, Ruoyang Li, Yanyan Li, Peng Bai, Weifeng Gao, and Yaping Zhong
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Medicine ,Science - Published
- 2024
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93. FEM Simulation of Fault Reactivation Induced with Hydraulic Fracturing in the Shangluo Region of Sichuan Province
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Yujie He and Yanyan Li
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fluid–solid coupling ,Coulomb failure stress ,hydraulic fracturing ,seismic simulation ,fault slip ,Technology - Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing operations possess the capacity to induce the reactivation of faults, increasing the risk of fault slip and seismic activity. In this study, a coupled poroelastic model is established to characterize the distribution and movement of fluids within rock formations in the Shangluo region of Sichuan province, China. The effect of hydraulic fracturing projects on the variations of pore pressure and Coulomb effective stress within a high-permeability fault is analyzed. The potential fault-slip mechanism is investigated. The results show that the fault plays different roles for fluid movement, including the barrier, fluid transport channel, and diversion channel, which is related to injection–production schemes. In addition, fluid injection leads to a high probability of fault reactivation. We find that increasing the injection time and fluid injection rate can result in larger slip distances. The injection production scenarios influence the fault-slip mechanism, resulting in a normal fault or reverse fault. However, the arrangement of production wells around the injection can effectively reduce the risk of fault reactivation.
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- 2024
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94. Steamed broccoli sprouts alleviate DSS-induced inflammation and retain gut microbial biogeography in mice
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Johanna M. Holman, Louisa Colucci, Dorien Baudewyns, Joe Balkan, Timothy Hunt, Benjamin Hunt, Marissa Kinney, Lola Holcomb, Allesandra Stratigakis, Grace Chen, Peter L. Moses, Gary M. Mawe, Tao Zhang, Yanyan Li, and Suzanne L. Ishaq
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inflammatory bowel disease ,ulcerative colitis ,broccoli sprouts ,sulforaphane ,glucoraphanin ,gut microbiota ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
ABSTRACT Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are devastating conditions of the gastrointestinal tract with limited treatments, and dietary intervention may be effective and affordable for managing symptoms. Glucosinolate compounds are highly concentrated in broccoli sprouts, especially glucoraphanin (GLR), and can be metabolized by certain mammalian gut bacteria into anti-inflammatory isothiocyanates, such as sulforaphane. Gut microbiota exhibit biogeographic patterns, but it is unknown if colitis alters these or whether the location of glucoraphanin-metabolizing bacteria affects anti-inflammatory benefits. We fed specific pathogen-free C57BL/6 mice either a control diet or a 10% steamed broccoli sprout diet and gave a three-cycle regimen of 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in drinking water over a 34-day experiment to simulate chronic, relapsing ulcerative colitis (UC). We monitored body weight, fecal characteristics, lipocalin, serum cytokines, and bacterial communities from the luminal- and mucosal-associated populations in the jejunum, cecum, and colon. Mice fed the broccoli sprout diet with DSS treatment performed better than mice fed the control diet with DSS, and had significantly more weight gain, lower Disease Activity Index scores, lower plasma lipocalin and proinflammatory cytokines, and higher bacterial richness in all gut locations. Bacterial communities were assorted by gut location but were more homogenous across locations in the control diet + DSS mice. Importantly, our results showed that broccoli sprout feeding abrogated the effects of DSS on gut microbiota, as bacterial richness and biogeography were similar between mice receiving broccoli sprouts with and without DSS. Collectively, these results support the protective effect of steamed broccoli sprouts against dysbiosis and colitis induced by DSS. IMPORTANCE Evaluating bacterial communities across different locations in the gut provides a greater insight than fecal samples alone and provides an additional metric by which to evaluate beneficial host-microbe interactions. Here, we show that 10% steamed broccoli sprouts in the diet protects mice from the negative effects of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis, that colitis erases biogeographic patterns of bacterial communities in the gut, and that the cecum is not likely to be a significant contributor to colonic bacteria of interest in the DSS mouse model of ulcerative colitis. Mice fed the broccoli sprout diet during colitis performed better than mice fed the control diet while receiving DSS. The identification of accessible dietary components and concentrations that help maintain and correct the gut microbiome may provide universal and equitable approaches to IBD prevention and recovery, and broccoli sprouts represent a promising strategy.
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- 2023
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95. The mediating role of physical activity and health status between a health-supportive environment and well-being: a cross-sectional study
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Yi Liao, Xiaoyu Cheng, Zhuangzhuang Li, and Yanyan Li
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environment and public health ,built environment ,social environment ,well-being ,physical activity ,health status ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
ObjectiveBased on the social-ecological systems theory and social support theory, this study aims to explore the relationship between a health-supportive environment and well-being among residents. It further examined the mediating role of physical activity and health status in the pathway between a health-supportive environment and well-being.MethodsThe study utilized data from 2,717 samples of the China General Social Survey (2021) and conducted multiple regression analysis and mediation analysis using statistical software Stata 16.0 and SPSS PROCESS 3.3.Results(1) A health-supportive environment had a significant impact on residents’ well-being (t = 8.476, p
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- 2023
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96. How can COVID-19 vaccines benefit people? A study based on the theory of the commons
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Yiqing Su, Yanyan Li, Shifei Zhang, and Xiaohan Chen
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covid-19 vaccines ,common pool resources ,developing countries ,china ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
COVID−19 vaccination is a fundamental step toward controlling the COVID−19 pandemic and defusing the public health crisis it has caused. Existing studies have demonstrated that equitable distribution of COVID−19 vaccines can only be achieved if these vaccines are treated as public goods. The question remains how to transform COVID−19 vaccines into public goods. In this paper, based on the theory of commons governance, the theoretical mechanism is analyzed to realize the adequate distribution of COVID−19 vaccines. Furthermore, feasible methods on how COVID−19 vaccines can benefit the people through the successful popularization of these vaccines in China are summarized. The results show that to ensure adequate supply of COVID−19 vaccines, government intervention is required because the government can expand the supply of the vaccine by balancing individual benefits for producing enterprises and the overall benefits for society. The government can also guarantee the right of every member in society to receive COVID−19 vaccines, thus enabling these vaccines to benefit the whole nation. By analyzing how COVID−19 vaccines benefit the people, this paper further verifies that national intervention plays an essential role in the supply and distribution of COVID−19 vaccines in both developed and developing countries. It may further mean that state intervention can play an essential role in continuing to respond to major public health events in the possible future.
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- 2023
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97. P518: VENETOCLAX AND AZACITIDINE COMBINED WITH CHIDAMIDE (VAC) FOR THE TREATMENT OF NEWLY DIAGNOSED ACUTE MONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA PATIENTS
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Zheng LI, Hao Zhang, Yanyan LI, Lulu Chen, Haiping Dai, Haixia Zhou, Mingzhu Xu, Tongtong Zhang, Chongsheng Qian, Wenjie Gong, Qiaocheng Qiu, Aining Sun, Depei Wu, and Shengli Xue
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Published
- 2023
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98. MARL-Based Multi-Satellite Intelligent Task Planning Method
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Guohui Zhang, Xinhong Li, Gangxuan Hu, Yanyan Li, Xun Wang, and Zhibin Zhang
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MARL ,multi-satellite intelligent task planning ,Markov game ,MAPPO ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
In this article, we propose a solution to multi-satellite intelligent task planning using the multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) method. Fristly, we have developed a multi-satellite task planning model based on the Markov game framework. Furthermore, we have computationally designed a satellite state transition function to address the task planning problem and successfully solved it using the multi-agent proximal policy optimization (MAPPO) algorithm. Our experimental results demonstrate that the MARL method exhibits remarkable convergence speed and performance, delivering significant rewards in multi-scale task planning scenarios. Consequently, it proves to be a highly suitable approach for multi-satellite intelligent task planning.
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- 2023
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99. A Fast and Accurate Small Target Detection Algorithm Based on Feature Fusion and Cross-Layer Connection Network for the SAR Images
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Ming Sun, Yanyan Li, Xiaoxuan Chen, Yan Zhou, Jinping Niu, and Jianpeng Zhu
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Attentional feature fusion ,cross-layer connection ,deep learning (DL) ,small target detection ,synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images ,Ocean engineering ,TC1501-1800 ,Geophysics. Cosmic physics ,QC801-809 - Abstract
Target detection technology has been greatly improved for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images recently, due to the advancement in the deep learning domain. However, because of the existence of clutter in the SAR images, it is still a challenge to detect small targets with high accuracy and low computational complexity. To solve this problem, a detection algorithm based on a feature fusion and cross-layer connection network is proposed in this article. First, attention feature fusion is applied to improve the feature fusion ability for the small targets by allocating weights to various feature maps adaptively. Meanwhile, the depthwise separable convolution (DW-Conv) is used to reduce the computational complexity caused by the increasement of network layers. Then, a cross-layer connection (Cross-Connect) submodule is proposed to fuse shallow features with deep features further. Finally, a multiscale target detection (Multi-Detect) submodule is designed to improve the detection ability for small targets. We compare the proposed algorithm with the other representative methods on the SAR-Ship-Dataset and SSDD, quantitative evaluations show that our proposed algorithm can reach the highest computational efficiency. Therefore, because of the superior performance in terms of accuracy and efficiency, the algorithm proposed in this article is more suitable to detect small targets for the SAR images.
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- 2023
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100. Biologics-induced immunophenotypic cross-switching in patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis
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Yanyan Li, Hong Liu, and Furen Zhang
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biological agents ,eczematous paradoxical reactions ,phenotypic switch ,psoriasiform paradoxical reactions ,Dermatology ,RL1-803 - Abstract
Antibody-based therapies that inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine signalling are commonly used in dermatology. Paradoxically, these biological agents may induce or exacerbate paradoxical reactions. Recently, it has been reported that the treatment of eczema with dupilumab can lead to the development of psoriasiform eruptions, which we called psoriasiform paradoxical reactions (P-PRs). Conversely, cases of eczematous paradoxical reactions (E-PRs) have also been described in patients with psoriasis treated with biologics. To summarise the case characteristics and disease features of phenotypic transition between psoriasis and eczematoid dermatitis, and to explore the mechanism or connection related to biological agents or patients' genetic characteristics, a systematic review was conducted for P-PRs in atopic dermatitis and E-PRs in patients with psoriasis treated with corresponding biological agents, respectively. We identified a series of P-PRs in 42 atopic dermatitis cases treated with dupilumab. The time to onset of P-PRs typically ranged from weeks to months, with a mean latency period of 22.65 weeks. Almost all patients presented with new-onset P-PRs. Simultaneously, we reviewed 22 articles reporting 51 patients with psoriasis with biological agent-induced E-PRs, which occurred on average at 24.47 weeks, 72.55% of them induced by IL-17A inhibitors. 48.98% (24/49) of cases reported a positive personal history of atopy, which may suggest an increased risk of biological agent-induced paradoxical eruptions. Overall, the improvement or resolution upon discontinuation of the inciting biologics was relatively common, and further studies are needed to estimate the real prevalence and unveil the pathophysiological mechanisms of these paradoxical events.
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- 2023
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