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Akpu, an acid-fermented cassava product traditionally produced and consumed in Nigeria and other West African countries and hence it is necessary that microbiological study is varied out to evaluate its consumption safety and quality the isolated organisms can play an important role in industrial processes. This study looks into the possibility of utilizing cassava waste water as a source of industrial isolate for further purpose; it involves isolating and identifying the organisms present during the akpu production so as to make and ensure a safe product. The cassava tubers were harvested, peeled and soaked in the water for 4 days. The retting was closely monitored for the 4day period after which the mash was cultured on appropriate media to determine the organisms present. The methods used involve traditional retting method to ret the tubers in the laboratory. Isolation and identification of microorganism associated with fermented cassava for the production of akpu was examined. During the 4th day of retting process a total of seven microorganisms were isolated from the retting water. Three bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus aureus, while fungi and yeasts isolated were Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida tropicalis, Aspergillusspp and Rhizopusstolonifer. The presence, number and the kind of microorganisms during the fermentation to Akpu could be as a result processing contamination and microbial flora present in the cassava tuber. The consumption of akpu is very high in Nigeria and hence safety in the production process should be considered.

Smart cities essentially require the state-of-the-art technologies that can provide smart service in various aspects, and robotic systems are one of the key solutions for such requirements. Time is a critical issue when dealing with people who experience a sudden cardiac arrest that unfortunately could Die due to inaccessibility of the emergency treatment. Therefore, an immediate treatment using automated external defibrillator (AED) must be administered to the victim within a few minutes after collapsing. Hence, we have designed and developed the ambulance robot, which brings along an AED in a sudden event of cardiac arrest and facilitates various modes of operation from manual to autonomous functioning to save someone’s lives in smart cities. The details of the design and development of such robot are presented in this paper.

The world is moving fastly towards automation. People have less time to handle any work so automation is simple way to handle any device or machine will work to our desire. This paper aim is to develop and design a Home automation using Arduino with Bluetooth module. Home automation system gives a simple and reliable technology with Android application. Home appliances like fan, Bulb, AC, automatic door lock are controlled by Home automation system using Arduino Uno with Bluetooth module. The paper mainly focuses on the monitor and control of smart home by Andorid phone and provide a security based smart home, when the people does not present at home. This paper motive is controlled home appliances in smart home with user friendly, design at low cost, simple installation.

The natural signals are mostly analogue in nature, but because of the benefits of digital processing of these signals: flexibility, accuracy, storage and low cost; processing these signals digitally is often preferred. But the existing analogues to digital converters are efficient in processing signals with small to medium bandwidths, but inefficient for signals with large bandwidths. The real-time processing of these signals with large bandwidths are done analogically or optically at the cost of the aforementioned advantages of digital processing of these signals. This paper is aimed at solving the real-time challenge of processing these extremely wide bandwidth signals digitally using a compressive sensing (CS) algorithm, with specific detail on the ways the application of CS will enhance the energy efficiency of wireless communication devices. Consequently, determine the throughput at which the use of CS is energy efficient for wireless devices using energy-efficient compressive sensing throughput (EECST) model. The simulation results show that the throughput requirements for introducing CS in any machine to machine (M2M) / internet of things (IoT) communication application to be energy efficient are minimum of 54bits per second and 317 bits per second when the required number of clock cycles for performing various device applications is 20,000 and 50000 respectively.

Traumatic neuroma (TN), represents a reactive proliferation of neural tissue following damage to an adjacent nerve. Clinically, patients usually present with inimitable pain, oral lesions appearing as nodule of size less than 2 cm with normal or greyish white smooth surface mostly involving the mental foramen, tongue or the lower lip. We report a rare case of an upper lip traumatic neuroma, in an uncommon age group and uncommon location, which was clinically thought to be hemangioma. Histopathologically, excision biopsy specimen showed haphazard proliferation of fascicles of nerve fibres. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed strong cytoplasmic positivity for S100 and was negative for SMA and CD34, affirming the neural origin of the lesion. TN could be considered as a differential in cases of soft tissue swelling from uncommon location in the oral region especially in the pediatric age group, where a clear trauma history cannot always be illustrated.

Introduction: Blepharoptosis is drooping of the upper eyelid in a primary position, causing the narrowing of the palpebral fissure. This condition can partially or completely cover the visual axis. Establishing the diagnosis of ptosis requires a comprehensive eye examination, including history taking, physical examination, and examination of the eyelids in ptosis patients. The majority of patients with ptosis require surgery, and clinical characteristics play an important role in classifying the type of ptosis and then formulating a detailed treatment plan strategy so that a better outcome is obtained. Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was conducted from medical records of post-surgical ptosis patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang from January 2016 to December 2021. The data taken included age, gender, the onset of occurrence, laterality, type of ptosis based on the onset, vertical palpebral fissure (FPV), horizontal palpebral fissure (FPH), margin-reflex distance (MRD), margin limbal distance (MLD), lid lag, bell's phenomenon levator muscle function, type of ptosis surgery and postoperative condition. This study aims to determine the clinical characteristics of patients with ptosis at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang. Results: Of the 57 ptosis patients in this study, the majority of patients were male, as many as 32 patients (56.1%) with the age category >40 years, as many as 24 patients (42.1%) with unilateral lateral ptosis as many as 50 patients (87.7%) with the more frequent comparison was the left eye in 29 patients (58%). Acquired ptosis was the most common cause in this study in as many as 46 patients (80.7%), and the most common mechanism of acquired ptosis was neurogenic (33.3%). The majority of patients had no previous surgical history of 41 patients (71.9%), moderate levator function of as many as 42 (73.7%), and frontal suspension surgery technique with synthetic materials as many as 17 (34%) patients. the mean FPV was 5.08±2.627 with a median of 5.00 (0-11), FPH 25.94±1.726 with a median of 26.00 (20-29), MRD 0.246±1.78 with a median of 0.00 (-4 -5), MLD 4.789±2.801 with a median of 5.00 (-4-11) and LA 7.16±4.083 with a median of 7.00 (0-14). Ptosis patients had negative lid lag in 47 patients (82.5%) and positive bell's phenomenon in 49 patients (86%). The postoperative condition of ptosis patients was satisfactory where there was no recurrence and reoperation of ptosis, postoperative complications as many as 1 (1.8%) patients experienced overcorrection, 6 (10.5%) patients experienced lagophthalmos, and 2 (3.5%) patients had an outcome. asymmetric. Conclusion: Clinical characteristics of ptosis patients can determine the diagnosis and treatment that will be given to the patient.

This article meticulously discuss on the theme of flipped classroom in learning chemistry at the secondary level by adopting an experimental design with a sample of 40 students. Exclusively this study has used pre test-post test control group design. The main objective of this study is to test the flipped classroom method, specialized for learning chemistry at the secondary level .Also this study has proved that there is a significant relationship exists among those hypotheses tested. Hence this piece of research throws light on the impact of flipped classroom in learning chemistry at the secondary level. KEY WORDS: Flipped Classroom Method, Secondary School, Achievement in Chemistry.

Preventing the leak of sensitive information, also popularly known as data leak or data loss to an unauthorized recipient, is the primary goal of an organization's information security system. A data leak can occur through multiple channels. While it may not always be possible to prevent it entirely, measures can be taken to minimize the possibility of the occurrence. Like all other financial institutions, TI companies collect sensitive personal information of their customers for business purposes. This information is often categorized into three primary types; NPI, PII, and PI are the designated types in the descending order of sensitivity. The detection of sensitive documents and redaction of sensitive information is required if it is needed to be shared. Inspection of such digital documents to find any sensitive information is by far a human-driven process, and thus time-consuming and costly. An and costly. An intelligent and robust system is required where the content is analysed by state-of-the-art data mining, statistical and machine learning techniques from various data dimensions. An AI based self-learning Intelligent Information Leak Protection System using LSTM is proposed in the project that mines and extracts information and categorizes the document images, to SD or NSD, based on the presence of NPI and PII semantic signatures without any explicit rule configuration. The system is designed to be used proactively as an early warning system to tag the SD images while resting in the data store. It can also act as a real-time checkpoint for the information loss by the documents in transit or use. The proposed model prescribes an information loss protection mechanism using a binary classifier based on the state-of-the-art LSTM technique within the paradigm of Artificial Intelligence.

In this paper an attempt is made to do an in-depth study about the factors influencing automation and robotics in construction industry and what best strategy can be developed to overcome it So, in this research work the progress is going to be Identify the factors influencing automation and robotics in construction industry by literature review study so the different type of factors has been identified for automation and robotics & identify reason for the effective usage of automation and robotics in construction field and conceptual framework will be developed. The conceptual framework can be developed after analysing the survey responses. Automation and robotics technology is expected to improve the productivity of the construction industry as well as to solve problems such as labour shortage and safety risks.

In this paper we would be discussing about online shaming and analyse different type of shaming and how to deal with it. The task of public shaming detection in social media is automated from the perspective of victims. It explores primarily about two aspects, namely, events and shamers. Based on classification of shaming tweets, a web application has been designed and deployed especially for one type of shaming tweet that of sarcasm, and the website also provide information about shamer who has used abusive comments under the user profile more than three time and sent alert message to user about the informing about the shamer

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya pemahaman siswa tentang materi teks anekdot, sehingga siswa kesulitan untuk menentukan struktur dan kebahsan yang ad dalam teks anekdot. Penyebabnya kurangnya minat siswa dalam membaca, serta kurangnya waktu yang dimiliki siswa untuk membaca. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan hubungan minat baca dengan kemampuan menulis teks anekdot pada siswa kelas X SMA Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian korelasional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 orang siswa kelas X. data penelitian ini berupa skor tes angket minat baca dan skor menulis teks anekdot pada siswa kelas X SMA Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan sebagai berikut. Pertama, minat baca siswa kelas X SMA Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP memperoleh nilai rata-rata 65,36 dengan kualifikasi cukup (c). Kedua, kemampuan menulis teks anekdot siswa kelas X SMA Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP diperoleh nilai rata-rata 73,05 dengan kualifikasi lebih dari cukup (ldc). Ketiga, ada hubungan yang signifikan antara minat baca dengan kemampuan menulis teks anekdot pada siswa kelas X SMA Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP. Dilihat dari hasil pengujian yang membuktikan bahwa thitung>ttabel yaitu 5,32 > 1,70.

Dalam proses belajar-mengajar di sekolah, sering dijumpai beberapa masalah, di antaranya yaitu terlalu menekankan pada pengujian melalui tes, sehingga siswa hanya terpaku untuk menghafal teks yang ada di buku tanpa bisa mengembangkan pengetahuannya. Kemudian ketidakmampuan siswa dalam memahami pelajaran yang diberikan oleh guru di sekolah. Hal itu dikarenakan guru dalam mengajar lebih memilih menerapkan metode dan cara mengajar yang cenderung monoton dan membosankan, sehingga menyebabkan siswa kurang termotivasi dan guru kurang mendapat perhatian dari siswa di kelas yang berujung pada dampak hasil belajar mata pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam (SKI) semakin rendah dan tujuan pembelajaran di sekolah tidak tercapai. Oleh karena itu guru dituntut kreatif. Kreativitas guru berhubungan dengan merancang dan mempersiapkan bahan ajar/materi pelajaran, mengelola kelas, menggunakan metode yang variatif, memanfaatkan media pembelajaran, sampai dengan mengembangkan instrumen evaluasi, sehingga prestasi belajar siswa meningkat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan Kreativitas dan Motivasi Guru secara bersama-sama terhadap Prestasi Belajar siswa Madrasah Aliyah (MA) se-KKMA Kecamatan Cisaat Kabupaten Sukabumi. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan nilai Fhitung = 14,866>Ftabel = 3,354, dan nilai sig 0,000 < 0,05. Yang berarti benar bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan variabel bebas Kreativitas dan Motivasi Guru secara bersama-sama terhadap variabel terikat Prestasi Belajar, yaitu sebesar 52,4%. In the teaching-learning process in schools, there are often a number of problems, including the emphasis on testing through tests, so that students are only fixated on memorizing text in their books without being able to develop their knowledge. Then the inability of students to understand the lessons given by the teacher at school. That is because teachers in teaching prefer to apply methods and methods of teaching that tend to be monotonous and boring, causing students to be less motivated and less attentive to students in the classroom which results in lower social studies learning outcomes and school learning objectives not achieved. Therefore teachers are required to be creative. Teacher's creativity is related to designing and preparing teaching materials / subject matter, managing classes, using varied methods, utilizing learning media, and developing evaluation instruments, so that student achievement increases. Based on the results of the study that there is a significant effect of Teacher Creativity and Teacher Motivation together on Student Achievement of MA in KKMA Cisaat District, Sukabumi Regency. This is evidenced by the value of Fcount = 14,866> Ftable = 3,354, and the value of sig 0,000

Medical image fusion can combine multi-modal images into an integrated higher-quality image, which can provide more comprehensive and accurate pathological information than individual image does. Traditional transform domain-based image fusion methods usually ignore the dependencies between coefficients and may lead to the inaccurate representation of source image. To improve the quality of fused image, a medical image fusion method based on the dependencies of quaternion wavelet transform coefficients is proposed. First, the source images are decomposed into low-frequency component and high-frequency component by quaternion wavelet transform. Then, a clarity evaluation index based on quaternion wavelet transform amplitude and phase is constructed and a contextual activity measure is designed. These measures are utilized to fuse the high-frequency coefficients and the choose-max fusion rule is applied to the lowfrequency components. Finally, the fused image can be obtained by inverse quaternion wavelet transform. The experimental results on some brain multi-modal medical images demonstrate that the proposed method has achieved advanced fusion result.

In this modern world, all the people were used ATM machines to withdrawal and transfer cash. This research based on implementing Fingerprint mechanism in the ATM System. We were selected this area to increase save and secure for all customers to make easy to do the transaction. The fingerprint minutiae features are different for each human being. There is no worry of losing ATM card and no need to carry ATM card with you always. By comparing different technologies that are used for ATM security, it observes that fingerprint technology performs better and safer than other technologies. Which is making easy and secure transaction also maintaining user-friendly environment with user and ATM machine. This is most promising technology at electronic money transaction.

Slaughterhouses has a very important role in the chain system for the availability of meat procurement. This research aims to analyze the level of knowledge of animal welfare and implementing it in Medan City Slaughter House. This research was conducted at the Medan City Slaughterhouse located on Jalan Rumah Potong Hewan, Mabar Hilir Village, Medan Deli Subdistrict, Medan City, North Sumatra in August 2021. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive research method.The results showed that the level of knowledge was already in the category of very good. The group of slaughterer respondents had the highest percentage of answer scores at 100% followed by animal controllers at 95.36% and cattle traders at 88.62%. The application of animal welfare aspects in the process of slaughtering cattle in Medan City Slaughterhouse is already in the category of very good with the percentage of conformity rate based on the regulations and provisions of Meat and Livestock Australia ranging from 80% to 100%.

Slaughterhouse produce alot of contaminated waste. This study aims to determine the process of waste management and test the content of wastewater in the Regional Slaughterhouse Company of Medan City. This research was conducted from August to September 2021. This research was a descriptive quantitative and laboratory tests were carried out. The population in this study were 30 employees or workers at the Medan City slaughterhouse and the entire population was sampled because the number was relatively small. The research indicators were the inlet, waste treatment tub, the water, the utilization of algae, and the outlet. Analysis of research data using a quantitative approach (descriptive statistics) and laboratory test to determine the content of BOD, COD, TSS, oil or fat, NH3-N, and the pH of wastewater. The results showed that the waste management process at the Medan City Slaughterhouse Regional Company was in the good category, which means that the waste management at the slaugterhouse was adequate because it had met the requirements for the slaughtering process at the slaugterhouse. However, in the process of cleaning and routine maintenance on the oxidation pond, the slaughterhouse is in the fairly good enough category. The quality status of the outlet wastewater (oxidation pond) is in the good category and has met the quality standards. Based on the results of Multiple Linear Regression analysis that waste management at the inlet (X1), waste treatment tub (X2), water (X3) and algae (X4) affects the outlet (Y) in the City Slaughterhouse Regional Company. Medan

Deli Serdang Regency is one of the largest sheep-producing areas in North Sumatra Province. Analysis of the potential for sheep development in the area needs to be done, to achieve various goals. This study aims to identify livestock resources, base or non-base areas and sheep capacity as well as to find the right strategy for the development of a sheep business in Deli Serdang Regency. The method used in this research is the stratified sampling method in all districts in Deli Serdang Regency and purposive sampling method in three districts, namely, Percut Sei Tuan, Hamparan Perak, and Galang as a method of determining the area. Interviews with 10 breeders from each sub-district were conducted to gather information related to sheep farming in the area. Data analysis was performed with descriptive analysis, location quation (LQ), animal density, analysis of feed concentration index , and capacity analysis for Livestock Population Increase (LPIC). The results showed that the livestock resources in Deli Serdang Regency have the potential to develop sheep farming businesses. There are 13 districts which are base areas with a capacity of livestock unit.

Business productivity at the farm level is still low when compared to commercial businesses both in terms of business management, quality and quantity of production.This study aims to analyze financial aspects of laying ducks on community farms. The research was conducted in Pantai Labu District, Deli Serdang Regency in November until October 2021. The samples were determined by stratified sampling, namely dividing three business scales based on the number of livestock ownership, i.e small-scale business (300-500 ducks), medium scale business (800 ducks) and the highest scale business(3.000-10.000 ducks) with the number of respondents per business scale of 3 breeders. Parameters were production cost, income. revenue, R/C, BEP, Net B/C, Gross B/C, NPV, IRR, and PP. The results of the study showed that the average income per period per business scale was Rp. 104.736.666, - Rp. 170.320.457, - and Rp. 1.606.308.080. R/C value> 1, the value of BEP production is smaller than the amount of egg production, BEP price is smaller than the selling price of eggs per egg, the value of Net B/C and Gross B/C> 1, the NPV value> 0 or positive, the IRR value with an interest rate of 16.75%, respectively, is 55%, 50% and 55% greater than the interest rate and PP, respectively 10,15,8 months.

The article deals with the role of foresight method in two dimensions via planned and pursued perspectives in education. The authors present trends in identifying VUCA world as the opposition and inevitable part of SPOD world penetrating into the process of training students of humanitarian sphere. The experimental work over surveys among students of the Foreign Languages Department (92 students of 2019–2020 academic year) showed the following results: Students see the potential for self-development and self-education, but do not associate it with the educational system at the university because of its weak focus on the challenges of modern times in the VUCA world; the education system in the modern period of its development should take the development of flexible skills of a universal plan for the development of sociability, readiness to change and think critically into account; the foresight method is relevant in the formation of the image of a future specialist on the basis of existing realities, making it possible to see the existing disadvantages of education. The authors suggest elaborating the modernized educational programme based on foresight method as means for developing required soft skills of students in humanitarian sphere. The article contains the existing international experience in the focus of research.

Data security plays a major role in computer network. Because it helps to transmit data in secure way over the Internet. So we need to use strong security method for secure data transaction. Cryptography is a security tool which helps to transmit information from one place to another place over computer network. Cryptography follows encryption and decryption methods for data transmission. Cryptographic technique is completely based on key generation because it needs keys to transmit data between users. However cryptography works well in secure data transmission but it needs keys to provide security for data. In cryptography generation of keys taking more time than transmission of data. So in this paper we discuss about Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP) which is also based on cryptographic technique. ZKP is also useful in secure data transmission without sharing key values between users. This paper tells about overview of ZKP and how it is useful in data transmission.

In this article, the modified Kratzer plus screened Coulomb potential is scrutinized taking into consideration the effects of magnetic and AB flux fields within the non-relativistic regime using the Nikiforov-Uvarov-Functional Analysis method (NUFA) method. The energy equation and wave function of the system are obtained in close form. We find that the totality of effects these fields result in removal of degeneracy and raising the bound state energy of the system. More so, it could be concluded that to control the energy spectra of this system, the AB-flux and magnetic field will do so greatly. The results from this study can be applied in condensed matter physics, atomic and molecular physics.

One of the dreadful parasitic infection that ravages the lives of the very young and old in Sub-Saharan Africa is Malaria. It is a serious public health problem. Although interventions to curtail and curb it prevalence at various tiers of government local, state and federal were enforced, however, such strategy is not well disposed of in the citadel of learning –university amongst the students This form the basis of the objective of the study and why it is conducted. Method: We examined the prevalence of malaria infection among students of the Federal university of Technology, Akure. Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from 300 patients between April 2019 to September 2019. Aged between 15 -30 years that visited the Medical centre with complaints and symptoms ranging from headache, body pains, undulating high temperature, nausea and vomiting abdominal cramps etc. Antimalarial drugs were not administered until outcome of laboratory result is available within a short while. Result: A total number of three hundred (300) subjects were screened for malaria infection 183 (61%) were male while 117 (39%) were female. The number of individuals with malaria infection were 242 (80.6%) of the 300 subjects screened for malaria. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of students infected with malaria parasitaemia is 80.6% of the student populace screened in the university under the study which indicated a high rate of prevalence of malaria. lt is therefore exigent to execute strategic interventions through health education in form of seminars/ workshop for the students and ways of prevention and elimination of the vector – anopheles mosquito in the environment.

Drought is one of the most hazardous natural disasters in terms of the number of people directly affected. An important characteristic of drought is the prolonged absence of rainfall relative to the long-term average. The intrinsic persistence of drought conditions continuing from one month to the next can be utilized for drought monitoring and early warning systems. This study sought to better understand drought probabilities and baselines for two agriculturally important rainfall regions in the Western Cape, South Africa – one with a distinct rainfall season and one which receives year-round rainfall. The drought indices, Standardised Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI), were assessed to obtain predictive information and establish a set of baseline probabilities for drought. Two sets of synthetic time-series data were used (one where seasonality was retained and one where seasonality was removed), along with observed data of monthly rainfall and minimum and maximum temperature. Based on the inherent persistence characteristics, autocorrelation was used to obtain a probability density function of the future state of the various SPI start and lead times. Optimal persistence was also established. The validity of the methodology was then examined by application to the recent Cape Town drought (2015–2018). Results showed potential for this methodology to be applied in drought early warning systems and decision support tools for the province.

This study was conducted to estimate the repeatability and phenotypic correlation of reproductive traits of zebrafish Danio rerio, in captive condition. Breeding trials were conducted on 10 breeding pairs (2 male:1 female). The data on fecundity, fertility, hatchability and survival rate were recorded. The repeatability values were computed as a measure of consistency using the intra-class correlation coefficient. The repeatability estimates for fecundity, fertility, hatchability of total eggs, hatchability of fertilised eggs, survival rate of total eggs and survival rate of larvae were 0.701, 0.406, 0.336, 0.049, 0.295 and 0.314, respectively. Most of the reproductive traits analysed had moderate repeatability values barring the hatchability of fertilised eggs. The phenotypic correlation was calculated using the Pearson correlation method. The phenotypic correlations of fertility with hatchability of fertilised eggs; hatchability of total eggs; survival rate of total eggs and survival rate of larvae were highly significant (p≤0.01). This study provided valuable information on the consistency of reproductive parameters which would serve as model for conducting research in other fish species. Keywords: Genetic parameters, Phenotypic correlation, Repeatability, Reproductive traits, Zebrafish

Sixty days feeding trial was conducted to study the effect of dietary soy-lecithin (phosphatidylcholine) as a source ofphospholipids on the growth performance of Penaeus monodon (Fabricius, 1798) reared at hyperosmotic stress conditions(40‰) in indoor tanks. Four experimental diets viz., DL-1 (Control), DL-1.5, DL-2 and DL-2.5 were formulated by includingsoy-lecithin at the rate of 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5%, respectively. The results revealed that the daily growth coefficient (DGC)significantly (p0.05) and cholesterol (p>0.05) were not affected. The inclusion levels of soy-lecithin had no significant influence on thefatty acid composition of P. monodon except for C16:0 and C18:2c, which were high (p2.5% in the diet of P. monodon. Keywords: Carcass composition, Hyperosmotic stress, Penaeus monodon, Phospholipids, Salinity, Soy-lecithin

Coral reefs are disappearing worldwide because of mass bleaching, natural disasters, diseases and anthropogenic stressors.This leaves a large area of unutilised substratum, to which other benthic organisms, like corallimorpharians (CMs),anemones and macroalgae, can move in. In this article, we describe, for the first time, the competition for space betweena CM and the hard corals in Kavaratti Atoll in the Indian Ocean. This is the first reported instance of an invasion of CM inthe entire Lakshadweep Islands. The CM Rhodactis bryoides Haddon and Shackleton, 1893, is identified by morphologicaland molecular analysis. The species has not so far been reported from the western Indian Ocean area. We monitored the rateof invasion for six months to figure out the growth rate of CMs. This area did not have any prominent causative factors forCM outbreaks, such as external disturbances and nutrient enrichment. Yet our study showed that CMs are successful in thecompetition for space. More research needs to be done into the biology of this species, how it interacts with other benthicgroups and how the environment facilitates its spread. Keywords: Bioinvasion, Coral reefs, Corallimorpharia, Phase shift, Rhodactis bryoides

North Bandung Cattle Ranching Cooperative (KPSBU) Lembang is a single primary business cooperative that acts as a distributor of fresh milk produced by cows owned by its member breeders. The distribution of fresh milk from farmers to cooperatives is a movement of material flow from suppliers to factories known as inbound logistics. This study was aimed to analyze the inbound logistics performance of fresh milk at KPSBU Lembang, its value added for the farmer, as well as the nutritional and microbiological quality. SCOR-AHP was used to analyse inbound logistics performance. The Hayami method was used to analyse value added of fresh milk for the farmer. Fresh milk quality indicators were total solid, protein, fat, pH, specific gravity and total plate count. Obtained data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that fresh milk inbound logistics performance at KPSBU Lembang was 92.77% (above average). The added value obtained by breeders based on concentrate input amounted to Rp. 8.464 per cow with a value-added ratio of 73.83%. The quality of fresh milk during inbound logistics fulfilled national standard SNI 3141.1.2011.

Recent advances in nanomaterials have been led by new synthetic methods that provide control over size, morphology and crystal quality of material. In the present study, the effect of ultrasonic waves on characteristics and crystal quality of ZnO quantum dots (QDs) is evaluated by comparing two samples prepared by sonochemical and conventional methods. Ultrasonic waves cause to the production of smaller QDs in a fast time scale with improved morphology and crystal quality. Also, the growth of ZnO QDs is tried to discuss by study of crystal growth kinetic. Then, the performance of two hybrid devices constituted from poly (N-vinylcarbazol) and two types of ZnO is examined by current voltage curves. The device fabricated from ultrasonic-prepared ZnO shows larger photocurrent density indicating the enhancement of its applicability to be used as UV light switches or photodetectors.

A randomized controlled trial was conducted on three formulas of an herbal drink containing green “gamboeng” tea fortified with bay leaf and cinnamon bark at various concentrations. One gram of mixed formula was brewed in hot water at 700 C-90 0C for 10–15 minutes, and the yield of each plant was determined. We also determined the phenolic content and lipase inhibition activity of each formula. We obtained a yield of each plant with green “gamboeng” tea (66.2 %), bay leaves (10.7 %), and cinnamon bark (44.8 %). Green “gamboeng” tea has the highest percentage of phenolic compound 30.25 ± 1.201 %. Inhibition lipase activity was calculated using an Elisa reader at  =405 nm. We have three formulas with the highest lipase inhibition activity. For the three formulas, a mixture of green “gamboeng” tea, bay leaf, and cinnamon bark was F-3.2 (80.598%), F-4.1(74.306), and F-5.2 (80.299%). We also conducted acute toxicity for the formulas above using rats as an animal model. We observed the body weight, organ weight, motoric, and mortality of rats during 14 days of observation, after using the formula with the concentration of 3.75, 7.5, and 15 g/kg body weight. We also used a control group of rats in this experiment. The results of acute toxicity showed no mortality of rats from the lowest to the highest doses. We concluded that LD50 of the three formulas was > 15 g/kg body weight. Between the treated groups and the control groups for organ weight and motoric activity showed no significant difference. Our conclusion is that this herbal formula drink has an activity for lipase inhibition, and is also safe for consumption by humans that suffer from obesity.

The process of separating tea leaves caffeine, as well as the enzymes inactivating the polyphenol oxidase and hydro peroxidase were carried out through a dipping process. This study aimed to de-caffeine green tea extracts and focus on maximizing the catechin content and minimizing the caffeine and phenolic contents during the dipping stage. The result showed that the provided variable was 75.25 C, 0.072 leave-to-water ratio, and 9.13 min of dipping time. The response of total phenolic, catechin and caffeine contents are 406.02 mg/g, 27.05 mg/ml, and 0.028 mg/ml, respectively. The highest catechin indicated the minimum polyphenol oxidase performed.

Melanocytic tumors are a type of cancer that is most commonly found on the skin. The melanoma prevalence rate has risen dramatically over the last 50 years. As a result, the discovery of new therapeutic agents is critical. The BRAF kinase is one of the receptors involved in cell apoptosis. Dabrafenib is a selective BRAF inhibitor with common side effects such as rash, photosensitivity, and hyperkeratosis. Meanwhile, Acalypha indica is a plant that has been widely reported as a source of antiproliferative and proapoptotic compounds. However, the phytochemicals in A. indica that play an important role in melanocytic tumors have yet to be discovered. Molecular docking is a structure-based drug design method that is used to identify potential hits during the drug discovery process. The aims of this study are to obtain candidate lead compounds for BRAF kinase based on binding mode interaction and binding stability by using AutoDock 4.2 and GROMACS 2019.6, respectively, for molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD). The native ligand, SM5, has estimated free energy of binding and an inhibitory constant of -5.93 kcal/mol and 45.30 µM, respectively. 2-Methyl anthraquinone, chrysin, stigmasterol, and γ-sitosterol have higher binding energy, with an estimated free energy of binding of -6.24, -6.67, -6.35, and -6.14 kcal/mol, respectively. According to the MD simulation, stigmasterol and γ-sitosterol will be more effective at stabilizing the 6XFP complex during 100 ns. Finally, stigmasterol and γ-sitosterol are potential lead compounds as BRAF inhibitors.

The lip mucosa's wound healing process necessitates using a material that can reduce inflammation, prevent infection, expedite wound closure, and inhibit scar formation. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a crucial modulator of the wound-healing process. Cinnamon is a natural resource with various chemical compounds and pharmacological activities, including wound healing mediated by proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6. This research aims to identify the lead compounds for IL-6 from Cinnamon based on binding affinity, mode interaction, and stability utilizing molecular docking and dynamics. After categorizing variables such as binding energy and molecular interactions, including hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, the docking process revealed the potential of the Epicatechin, Catechin, Coumarinic acid, 1,4-benzene dicarboxylic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, and Coumarin to interact with IL-6 binding pocket. Furthermore, the stability of these compounds was assessed during a 200 ns simulation, offering satisfactory results with similar profiles based on RMSD, RMSF, SASA, Rg, and intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bond parameters. Catechin, Coumarin, and Epicatechin are the most potential candidates based on their affinities calculated by the MM-PBSA approach of -56.847 kJ/mol, -42.573 kJ/mol, and -38.246 kJ/mol, respectively. These are preliminary findings that may be appropriate for additional experimental investigation.

Studies on composite proton-conducting membranes made of human hair keratin and bacterial cellulose have been done. Keratin from human hair is produced through hydrolysis using NaOH as a solvent. Composite membranes constructed of bacterial cellulose and human hair keratin had mass variations of 4.5/0.5, 4.7/0.3, and 4/1. At temperatures of 25 ºC, 40 ºC, 60 ºC, and 80 ºC, the proton-conducting composite membrane was evaluated for Fourier Transform InfraRed, X-Ray Diffraction, degree of swelling, and proton conductivity. The interaction of bacterial cellulose and human hair keratin appeared at the peak of 3000-3500 cm-1, as evidenced by functional group analysis of bacterial cellulose and human hair keratin composite membranes from Fourier Transform InfraRed. The produced composite membrane was semicrystalline in each mass variation, according to the results of the X-Ray Diffraction examination. The variant of bacterial cellulose and human hair keratin 4/1 showed the highest degree of swelling (34.09%). The composite membrane keratin made of bacterial cellulose and human hair had the maximum proton conductivity, with a variation of 4/1 and a value of 3.673 x 10-5 S/cm at a temperature of 25 ºC.

Kombucha is a long-established healthy drink produced by the fermentation of tea leaves with sucrose, bacteria, and yeasts. The usage of different kinds of tea leaves and carbon sources can also be brewed to cultivate Kombucha. This research aimed to target the antioxidant and phytochemical properties of soursop leaves Kombucha with galactomannan as an alternative carbon source evaluated against different soursop leaves concentrations with a particular fermentation time. The earlier kombucha broth 20 % (v/v) was inoculated with 0.5 g of galactomannan and various concentrations of soursop leaves. Moreover, Kombucha was fermented and analyzed with an interval of 0, 7, and 14 days in triplicate, respectively. Bioactive compounds were analyzed using UV-spectrophotometer, and 1.5% (w/v) soursop leaves Kombucha accord the best results than the lower concentration. GC-MS analysis for kombucha cultivar after 14 days of fermentation contained longer chain organic acids such as pentanoic acid, butanoic acid, and propanoic acid.

Coumarins are heterocyclic compounds naturally found in plants. Coumarin-derived compounds have been commonly synthesized and some have exhibited a wide range of bioactivities. In searching for coumarins-based antioxidants and antibacterial, in this study, various 4-methyl coumarins have been synthesized by reacting ethyl acetoacetate with several phenol compounds, e.g. resorcinol, catechol, hydroquinone, α-naphthol, and β-naphthol, catalyzed by multiple Lewis acids, e.g. SnCl2, SnCl2.2H2O, ZnCl2, and AlCl3, using microwave irradiation via the Pechmann condensation. The antioxidant activities of synthesized compounds were tested using the DPPH method, while the antibacterial activities were measured using the disc diffusion method. Of the five phenol and four Lewis acid variations, only resorcinol catalyzed by SnCl2.2H2O and AlCl3 produced the targeted coumarin, 7-hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin, in a pure compound. The synthesized compound was obtained with an optimum yield of 55.25% by reacting resorcinol/ethyl acetoacetate 1:1 (mol/mol) and 10 mol% SnCl2.2H2O for 260 s reaction time under solvent-free conditions. This compound was identified by TLC, melting point apparatus, and then further characterized using FTIR, UV-Vis, and NMR instruments. The antioxidant activity of 7-hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin showed moderately active towards DPPH with an IC50 value of 99.69 ppm. This compound also displayed moderate activity against E. coli with 9 mm of inhibition zone in 125 ppm. However, 7-hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin was inactive against S. aureus at all tested concentrations. This study reveals that various phenols and Lewis acids can affect coumarins-based antioxidant and antibacterial synthesis.

Petrocelinum crispum leaves have Furocoumarin as an antimicrobial agent. In this present research, we examine the inhibitory activity of Parsley leaves fractions against Malassezia furfur by disc diffusion paper methods, determine the metabolite contents by LC-MS, and predict the biological activity and toxicity by in silico PASS Prediction. The inhibitory activity of both ethyl acetate and hexane fractions gave medium inhibition at concentrations of 0.15g/ml and 0.3g/ml, respectively. The metabolite contents were revealed by LC-MS, and the PASS prediction showed that the metabolite compounds identified have good biological activity and the xanthotoxin compound has shown nontoxic effects on the skin surface. Concluded that the ethyl acetate fraction showed better inhibition on the growth of Malassezia furfur by moderate category. The stigmastan-3,6-dione and aviprin metabolites were considered the most important metabolites on inhibitory activity predict by PASS prediction, and the xanthotoxin was considered important because of the non-toxic effects

Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng is an invaded species found in the Western Ghats region, which is used for many diseases in our traditional medicinal system. The essential oil of the plant leaves was examined by Gas chromatography-Mass spectroscopy and evaluated for its biological performance. The antioxidant capacity was found by DPPH radical and ABTs assays. The anticancer activity was determined by MTT assay by using Jurkat E 6.1 cancer cell line along with commercial cancer drug Etoposide. Camphene (11.34%), Bornyl acetate (8.09%), Sabinene (6.75%), Iso borneol (7.96%), were identified as major constituents. It showed remarkable antioxidant performance against DPPH radical and ABTs with IC50 values of 66.7g/mL and70.1g/mL respectively. Essential oil exhibited the strongest cytotoxic effect on Jurkat E6.1cancer cells with an IC50 value of 29g/mL compared to commercial cancer drug Etoposide with an IC50 value of 30g/mL. This one is the first type of report on the chemical constituents of E. adenophorum leaves from the Western Ghats region and its pharmacological activities. E. adenophorum plant is existing throughout the year and is easily available for essential oil isolation.

This is the first study on the antioxidant activity and chemical analysis with PyGCMS of leave extract (B. pilosa, H. corymbosa, and P. pellucida) originating from the Sumenep regency, Indonesia. The higher yield extracts were B-1 and P-1, about 19.33% and 20.27%. The result of the DPPH test revealed that B-1 was the highest antioxidant properties, with an IC50 value of about 6.43%. The antioxidant properties were affected by the high phenolic content of B-1 (112.20%) and the absence of hydrolyzed tannins. The H-1 has higher phenolic content than B-1 but is contrarily in antioxidant activity. The carbohydrates derivatives were easier extracted in aqua dest extract has decreased antioxidant activity at H-1. In addition, as reported by GCMS, PyGCMS also showed terpenoid compounds, tannins, and flavonoids. The interaction between compounds in plant extracts plays a more critical role in antioxidant activity than certain compounds. B-1 extract has the potential as an antioxidant additive in the food, cosmetic, or advanced materials industry

Synthesis and characterization of BiVO4 thin film as photoanode of PEC water splitting and degradation of methylene blue had been successfully carried out. BiVO4 was obtained from the electrodeposition of BiOI and VO(acac)2. Variations in potential and deposition time were carried out to obtain optimum performance results. BiVO4 results from a potential of -0.2 V for 10 minutes gave the highest photocurrent. Characterization using XRD and SEM showed that the thin film had nanoporous properties. In addition, analysis with UV-Vis DRS obtained a band gap of 2.51 eV. The application of PEC water splitting was carried out with a tandem dual absorber system, BiVO4 as a photoanode, and CuInS2 photocathode providing an operating current of about 0.5 mA/cm2 . The effect of modification with FeOOH catalyst gave a lower photocurrent compared to using a hole-sacrificing agent. In addition, this system can also produce 99.7% degradation of methylene blue. This showed that BiVO4 had a good potency as PEC water splitting material for hydrogen production and dye waste degradation.