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Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of superior mesenteric artery (SMA)-oriented laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision (CME) with a medial-to-lateral approach in the treatment of right colonic cancer., Methods: A total of 166 patients with right colonic cancer who were admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2015 to December 2016 underwent SMA-oriented laparoscopic CME by the same surgical team. Clinical data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed., Results: All the 166 cases were enrolled in this study, including 96 male and 70 female patients. Right colon adenocarcinoma was diagnosed by preoperative colonoscopy, enhanced computerized tomography(CT) and pathological examination, and the tumor was resectable. There were no emergency surgery patients for bowel obstruction or perforation, no patients with multiple primary cancers, and no stage IIII( patients with liver or lung metastasis. All the patients underwent SMA-oriented laparoscopic CME successfully, without conversion to laparotomy. No ureteral injury, duodenal injury, and superior mesenteric vein injury occurred during the operation. R0 resections were performed in all the cases. The average operation time was (102.4±28.3) min, blood loss was (67.2±26.3) ml, number of lymph nodes retrieved was 20.5±7.6, postoperative anal exhaust time was (2.1±1.1) d, postoperative hospital stay was (7.9±1.4) d. There was no perioperative death or anastomotic leakage. Two patients with small bowel obstruction were readmitted within 30 days after operation. The postoperative complications occurred in 15.1%(25/166) of the patients, including wound infection (2 cases), chylous fistula (20 cases), anastomotic bleeding (1 case), small bowel obstruction (2 cases). A total of 161 patients (97.0%) were followed up for 1 to 24 months, and 10 patients had distant metastasis during the follow-up period. The 2-year overall survival (OS) rate was 96.4%., Conclusion: Superior mesenteric artery-oriented laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision with a medial-to-lateral approach for right colonic cancer has good short-term efficacy.

Carbon nanotubes have many material properties that make them attractive for applications. In the context of nanoelectronics, interest has focused on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) because slight changes in tube diameter and wrapping angle, defined by the chirality indices (n, m), will shift their electrical conductivity from one characteristic of a metallic state to one characteristic of a semiconducting state, and will also change the bandgap. However, this structure-function relationship can be fully exploited only with structurally pure SWNTs. Solution-based separation methods yield tubes within a narrow structure range, but the ultimate goal of producing just one type of SWNT by controlling its structure during growth has proved to be a considerable challenge over the last two decades. Such efforts aim to optimize the composition or shape of the catalyst particles that are used in the chemical vapour deposition synthesis process to decompose the carbon feedstock and influence SWNT nucleation and growth. This approach resulted in the highest reported proportion, 55 per cent, of single-chirality SWNTs in an as-grown sample. Here we show that SWNTs of a single chirality, (12, 6), can be produced directly with an abundance higher than 92 per cent when using tungsten-based bimetallic alloy nanocrystals as catalysts. These, unlike other catalysts used so far, have such high melting points that they maintain their crystalline structure during the chemical vapour deposition process. This feature seems crucial because experiment and simulation both suggest that the highly selective growth of (12, 6) SWNTs is the result of a good structural match between the carbon atom arrangement around the nanotube circumference and the arrangement of the catalytically active atoms in one of the planes of the nanocrystal catalyst. We anticipate that using high-melting-point alloy nanocrystals with optimized structures as catalysts paves the way for total chirality control in SWNT growth and will thus promote the development of SWNT applications.

Fimbrial adhesin plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-induced piglet diarrhoea. Lactococcus lactis is an attractive food-grade host for the production of heterologous antigens. We previously demonstrated that fimbrial adhesin FaeG was expressed in L. lactis and that oral immunization in mice with recombinant L. lactis expressing FaeG induced F4-specific mucosal and systemic immune responses. In the present study, we explored the immune responses of piglets induced by intramuscular vaccination with recombinant L. lactis expressing rFaeG. Intramuscular vaccination resulted in significantly elevated serum IgG level and modest increases in serum IgA and IgM levels. In addition, IgG, IgA, and IgM antibody secreting cells were induced in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, and jejunum. The growth performance of piglets was not influenced by intramuscular vaccination. The results suggest that L. lactis expressing FaeG is a promising candidate vaccine against ETEC., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

We examined the influence of an antecedent communication intervention on challenging behavior for three students with developmental disorders. Students were taught to request tangible items that were identified as reinforcers for challenging behavior in a prior functional analysis. Individual participant multielement and reversal designs were used to compare the effects of the antecedent communication intervention versus a no antecedent communication intervention condition. Immediately following the antecedent manipulations students were exposed to the tangible condition of the functional analysis. Results indicate that the antecedent communication intervention reduced challenging behavior in the subsequent tangible test condition for all three students. The importance of examining antecedent interventions to treat challenging behavior from a function analytic perspective is discussed., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)