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Coins foreign to Marseilles mint discovered at the hill-fort of La Cloche, in Les Pennes-Mirabeau (B.-du-Rh.) The La Cloche hill-fort, situated near Marseilles has yielded since the beginning of the discoveries in 1967, close to a thousand coins essentially produced in the Greek city. Through this article L. Chabot gives a complete inventory of the coins that are foreign to the Marseilles mint. This amounts to 82 specimens which are carefully described and illustrated. The coins are presented according to their region of origine (Italy, Cyrenaica, Ibiza, Narbonnaise Gaul, Gallia Comata, Celtic Gaul). Their presence in this settlement violently destroyed about 50 B. C, and never reoccupied, enables interesting associations and chronological precisions concerning their date of appearance throughout the first century B. C., L'oppidum de La Cloche, situé non loin de Marseille, a fourni depuis le début des recherches en 1967, près d'un millier de monnaies, pour l'essentiel émises par la cité grecque. Cet article permet à L. Chabot de faire l'inventaire total du monnayage étranger au domaine de cette dernière, soit 82 exemplaires qui sont minutieusement décrits et illustrés. Ces monnaies sont présentées selon leur région d'origine (Italie, Cyrénaïque, Ibiza ; Gaule Narbonnaise, Gallia Comata, Gaule celtique). Leur présence dans cet habitat détruit brutalement vers 50 av. J.-C. et non réoccupé, permet d'obtenir d'intéressantes associations et des précisions chronologiques quant à leurs dates d'apparition au cours du Ier s. av. J.-C., Chabot Louis. Monnaies étrangères aux émissions massaliètes découvertes sur l'oppidum de La Cloche, aux Pennes-Mirabeau (B.-du-Rh.). In: Documents d'Archéologie Méridionale, vol. 8, 1985. pp. 49-65.

Specialised ceramics from Gaul were imported into late Iron Age Britain, and their forms copied in native techniques. Roman technology was introduced after the Conquest, and involved changes in paste preparation, surface coating and firing techniques that allowed increases in the scale, standardisation and quality of the production.

Two plain settlements of the late Iron Age in the Malgoirès area (Gard) : Pont-Cabanel at Sauzet and Pont-du-Clapas at Saint-Bauzély. The autors makes an analysis of the pottery discovered in the past, in surface survey on the two plain settlements in the Malgoirès area. The material is a complementary testimony of the occupation of this Eastern Languedoc region throughout the 2nd and the 1st centuries B.C., L'auteur analyse des mobiliers céramiques anciennement découverts en plaine sur deux gisements du Malgoirès (Gard). Ces documents apportent des témoignages complémentaires à l'occupation de cette région du Languedoc oriental durant les IIème et Ier s. av. J.-C., Dedet Bernard. Deux gisements de plaine de la fin de l'Age du Fer en Malgoirès (Gard) : Pont-Cabanel à Sauzet et Pont-du-Clapas à Saint-Bauzély. In: Documents d'Archéologie Méridionale, vol. 10, 1987. pp. 115-119.

Apresentam-se os resultados das campanhas de escavação promovidas pelo MAEDS no Castro de Chibanes (Sector Ocidental) entre 2012 e 2017. Confirmam-se as três grandes fases de ocupação fortificada deste arqueossítio (Calcolítico-Bronze inicial, II Idade do Ferro e Período Romano Republicano), bem como a diferenciação desta última fase nas subfases IIIA e IIIB. Do 3º milénio BC, foi posto a descoberto um novo troço de muralha que integra o complexo defensivo da extremidade ocidental do povoado. Durante a II Idade do Ferro foram construídos compartimentos de planta rectangular dispostos ao longo da muralha sidérica. Esta serviu, em parte, de embasamento, após destruição parcial, a muro de delimitação do povoado tardo-republicano. A estrutura urbanística e a tipologia das construções do Período Romano Republicano parecem ter seguido as da II Idade do Ferro., The main results of the fieldwork seasons between 2012 and 2017, promoted by the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography of the District of Setúbal, are presented in this paper. The three major phases of occupation are confirmed (Chalcolithic-early Bronze Age, late Iron Age, Roman-Republican Period), as well as the differentiation of this last phase, in sub-phases IIIA and IIIB. Although acess to the area of the Chalcolithic period was restricted, it has been identified a new wall (that integrated the western end of the defensive complex). During the late Iron Age they have been built, along the wall, contiguous compartments with rectangular plans. After partial destruction of the Iron Age wall probably by the Roman army, it had been reused to install a new delimitation wall of the late republican settlement. The urban structure and the typology of the buildings from the Roman Republican Period seem to have followed that of the late Iron Age.

This paper presents the zooarchaeological observations on animal remains of Alaybeyi Hoyuk unearthed from 2016 and 2017 excavation sessions. Dated to 4721-4553 cal. BC, Alaybeyi stands so far as the oldest archaeological settlement discovered in northeast Anatolia. Therefore, the faunal assemblage at Alaybeyi offers great opportunity to study the status of animals and their relationships with humans in the largely unexplored Kars-Erzurum plateau covering a period from the Chalcolithic to Late Iron Age. Taxonomic and osteometric analyses show that, like the present day, cattle were dominant over caprines, revealing extensive cattle pastoralism in the region for at least about 7 millennia. While caprines too were significant in the subsistence strategy of local humans, there was not any sign of raising pigs. Significant numbers of wild species including carnivores, aquatic mammals, and rodents, as well as resident and migratory birds, were also hunted by Alaybeyi people. Additionally, horse burials, horse cult, dog burials, and a rich number of dog bones present animals as versatile actors in various ritual and symbolic practices at the site.

This paper presents the findings from an investigation of organic residues extracted from pottery sherds from Late Iron Age and Norse phases from Bornais, South Uist, and the Late Norse period from Jarlshof on Shetland. These data confirm intensive and/or specialized processing of marine products in pottery on Shetland, either for consumption or other uses, such as rendering of oil from fish livers. In contrast, at Bornais, little increase in the intensity of marine product exploitation can be identified between the residues from the Later Iron Age and Norse phases; however, an emphasis on dairy products is identifiable throughout all phases and pottery types. While the findings from these two sites clearly cannot be extrapolated as entirely representative of the wider respective regions, what emerges is further evidence for diverse economic or cultural patterns at different locations within Scandinavian Scotland.

In this paper, we use a combination of evolutionary theory, ethnographic data, written sources, and archaeological evidence to develop a new explanation for the origins of Viking raiding. Our argum ...

Institut za arheologiju u Zagrebu, u suradnji s Institutom za arheologiju Sveučilišta Kardinal Stefan Wyszyński u Varšavi proveo je geofizička istraživanja i geološka uzorkovanja na nalazištima Slavonski Brod – Galovo, Vinkovci – Sopot, Vinkovci – Blato, Marinci – Segetac i Bršadin – Pašnjak pod selom te uz Sovsko jezero u travnju 2016. godine. Tom su prilikom prikupljeni geološki uzorci koji će se koristiti u rekonstrukciji ekoloških i klimatskih uvjeta prostora sjeverne Hrvatske. Korištenjem više neinvazinih geofizikalnih metoda potvrđeno je postojanje novih kulturnih slojeva ili arheoloških cjelina na pojedinim lokalitetima., Durin April 2016, the Zagreb Institute of Archaeology, in cooperation with the Institute of Archaeology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, conducted geophisical survey and geological sampling at Slavonski Brod – Galovo, Vinkovci – Sopot, Vinkovci – Blato, Marinci – Segetac i Bršadin – Pašnjak pod selom atchaeological sites together with Sovsko jezero position. During the survey geological samples were collected which will be used for the reconstruction of paeloecological and paleoclimate conditions for the area of northern Croatia. By using multiple non-invasive geophysical methods, the existence of new cultural layers (at Galovo, Sopot, Segetac and Pašnjak pod selom sites) or archaeological features (for ex. the existence of a new ditch around the western part of the Sopot site or the eastern ditch around part of the Segetac site with possible remains of wooden houses on the same site) has been confirmed. The use of geophysical methods has proven to be extremely useful in the discovery of archeological features which are not visible at the surface of the sites or parts of the sites not archaeologically explored. With these methods, it is possible to obtain results that can serve as guidance for future archeological research or site protection with fewer resources in the shorter periods of time. Geological sampling at or near sites enables the reconstruction of ecological conditions at the time the sites were settled and the reconstruction of paleoclimate indicators. These indicators will later be compared with the known paleoclimate proxies for the Northern Hemisphere and will thus contribute to a better understanding of climate events in the past.

Rytų Lietuvos pilkapių kultūros reikšme Lietuvos valstybės kūrimosi procese neabejojama. Tačiau vienas iš tebekeliančių diskusijas klausimų yra jos išnykimo laikas ir pobūdis. Istoriografijoje yra nusistovėjusi gana dirbtina data (XII a. pabaiga arba XIII a. pradžia). Straipsnyje mėginama patikslinti šio proceso chronologiją. Vėlyviausių tyrinėtų pilkapių ir kapuose aptiktų radinių apžvalga nesuteikia duomenų apie masinį laidojimą pilkapiuose XII a. Daugumos tiksliau datuotų radinių viršutinė chronologinė riba yra XI a. Būdingi vėlyvojo geležies amžiaus dirbiniai pilkapiuose aptinkami palyginti retai arba jų apskritai nerandama. Tiksliai XIII a. pirmąja puse datuotų piliakalnių bei vėlyvųjų pilkapių radinių kompleksai ryškiai skiriasi. Taigi tradicinė pilkapių išnykimo Rytų Lietuvoje data yra ankstintina. Laidojimas pilkapiuose nustotas praktikuoti dar XII a. pradžioje arba XI a. pabaigoje. Tiktai pavienius pilkapius galima priskirti XII ar netgi XIII a. Galbūt šis laidojimo būdas ilgiau išliko kultūros periferijoje. Nuo XII a. Rytų Lietuvoje mirusiuosius greičiausiai imta laidoti plokštiniuose degintiniuose kapinynuose. Tačiau šių paminklų chronologija yra veikiau hipotetinė. Griautinė laidosena kapinynuose greičiausiai plito nuo XIII a. Taip manyti leidžia ankstyviausių griautinių kapų ir Rytų slavų XIII a. pilkapių inventoriaus panašumas. Inhumacijos plitimą lėmė kontaktai su Krikščionybe ir praktiniai sumetimai. Anksčiausiai ji įsivyravo miestuose, o kaimuose kremacija išliko ilgiau. Nobody doubts the importance of the East Lithuanian barrow culture in the process of creation of the Lithuanian State. However, one of the issues that still raises discussions is the time and nature of its disappearance. A rather artificial date (the end of the 12th or the beginning of the 13th century) is indicated in historiography. The article tries to make the chronology of this process more exact. A review of the latest barrows investigated and the findings found in the graves provides no data about mass burial in barrows in the 12th century. The upper chronological margin of most of the findings that were dated more exactly is the 11th century. Items characteristic of the Late Iron Age are rarely or not at all found in barrows. Assemblages of the findings from the hill forts dated exactly to the first half of the 13th century and those from the late barrows differ considerably. Hence, a traditional date of disappearance of barrows in Eastern Lithuania should be made earlier. Burial in barrows was discontinued to be practised as early as the beginning of the 12th or the end of the 11th century. Only single barrows could be attributed to the 12th or even the 13th century. Beginning with the 12th century the dead most probably were started to be buried in flat cremation burial grounds. However, chronology of these monuments is sooner hypothetical. Inhumation burial in flat cemeteries most probably started in the 13th century. The spread of inhumation was determined by contacts with Christianity and practical purposes. First of all it became prevalent in towns, in villages cremation was practiced for a longer time.

High in the mountains between Norway and Sweden, archaeological survey has brought to light a trail marked by standing stones at regular intervals and tall enough to show above the winter snows. In the absence of any cultural material, the erection of the stones was dated by the diameter of the lichen spreads upon them, and corroborated by a study of the documents and radiocarbon dates. The authors argue that this was not an indigenous trail but one constructed by a Norse chieftain probably around the ninth century AD to gain safe access to the fur-trading Sami.

Since 1974, over 100 greensand querns of a type common in late Iron Age and early Romano-British contexts have been collected by five different people from the foreshore at East Wear Bay, situated on the east side of the Channel port of Folkestone, on the coast of south-east Kent (FIGS, ia and ib). The majority of these has been recovered by local enthusiast, Mr M. Dugdale, who reported his findings to the writer. This article is intended as an interim statement to place on record these findings and seeks to show that a major quern-production site was situated hereabouts, which was active during the late Iron Age and early Roman periods.

In 1980, during British Museum excavations at Stonea Grange, Cambs., a group of metal finds collected over a number of years in the fields surrounding the site, were shown to the writer. They included two examples (FIG. 1) of an enigmatic class of small cast bronze object first discussed more than sixty years ago by Reginald Smith. They are still ill-understood, but not uncommon; the present catalogue, certainly incomplete, contains 99 examples.

Reconnaissance in the Molepo tribal area south-east of Pietersburgrevealed a large number of smelting sites. One of these was selected for excavation, while the others were only visually inspected. The excavated site was dated to AD 1530 + 50 (Pta-4180). On the basis of this investigation it was possible to distinguish between two different types of fumace in the same geographical area. By using ethnographic information, the possible relationship between the people currently inhabiting the area and the smelting sites is discussed.

The subject of this thesis is the painted pottery from Aulnat, France. The site was partially excavated by Dr. Collis of Sheffield University. The site is thought to be that of an industrial village complex which dated from the Early La Tene period to the Roman occupation. The painted pottery was only one type of pottery excavated from this site. The first chapter gives a brief overview of the Late Iron Age period of temperate European prehistory, highlighting the limit of our current knowledge. The second chapter briefly puts the excavation at Aulnat into context, both historically and geographically, and within its research design. It also outlines Collis' excavation. The methodological considerations of this thesis are discussed in the third chapter. The approaches chosen for this data base were firstly to describe it and to characterise its nature, and secondly to investigate the pottery as it progressed through its cycle from production to discard. The fourth and fifth chapters describe the recording techniques used and the results obtained, respectively. The sixth chapter suggests some interpretations of the results and further possible research considerations. Â

A Roman Villa at Weekley in Northamptonshire (SP 885 818) was first referred to by eighteenth-century antiquaries, who stated that ‘pavements, foundations, pottery and a great deal of money’ had been ploughed up in a field known as Castle Hedges. The site of these discoveries is one mile north-east of what appears to be a fairly extensive Roman settlement on the northern outskirts of Kettering. The area is now under threat from ironstone-quarrying, and preliminary surveys were carried out during 1970 both from the air and on the ground. These indicate that the site began in the late Iron Age with a series of enclosures and occupation subsequently continued into the Roman period. A number of pottery kilns were found which probably date to the third quarter of the first century A.D.