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Apert syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited mandibulofacial dysostosis characterized by craniosynostosis, syndactyly, high forehead, broad nose, maxillary hypoplasia, synostosis of cervical vertebrae, organ malformations, and mental retardation. It is rarely encountered and as there is little knowledge of the anesthesia practice for this syndrome in the literature, we present our anesthesia experience of a case undergoing bilateral syndactyly surgery. © 2018 by The Medical Bulletin of University of Health Sciences Haseki Training and Research Hospital.

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Single-crystalline ZnO thin films have been grown on sapphire substrates and implanted by 40 keV Ni+ ions with a dose of 0.25-1.25 × 1017 ions/cm2. After implantation the samples have been annealed at T = 1000°C for 30 minutes in air. Both as-prepared and annealed nickelimplanted ZnO samples have been investigated by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and optical techniques. SEM studies reveal that the surface of non-implanted ZnO thin film is very smooth, while microcracks are present in the Ni-implanted ZnO samples. Annealing after implantation recovers the surface of the implanted ZnO. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy shows that the Ni concentration increases with increasing the implantation dose. Optical measurements of the Ni-implanted ZnO thin films indicate that annealing results in formation of a new phase. This phase is attributed to NiO that appears due to redistribution and oxidation of the implanted Ni ions in the ZnO matrix. Magnetic measurements show that both as-implanted and annealed samples exhibit roomtemperature ferromagnetism. VSM data indicate that annealing procedure results in decreasing the magnetic moment per Ni atom and higher coercivity at low temperatures. Magnetic-resonance studies reveal highly anisotropic FMR signal in the as-implanted Ni:ZnO samples starting from the dose of 0.5 × 10 17 ions/cm2. We also observe a step-wise increase of the effective magnetization at the dose of 1.0 × 1017 ions/cm 2, which is explained by magnetic percolation of the Ni nanoparticles. Narrow resonance signals with unusual angular dependence are observed in magnetic-resonance studies of the annealed Ni:ZnO samples, which have been related to the formation of a system of non-percolated NiO-coated Ni nanoparticles as a result of annealing in air. We did not observe experimental evidence for intrinsic ferromagnetism in the Ni-implanted ZnO thin films. © Springer-Verlag 2011.

Atopik dermatit kaşıntılı ve egzamatöz cilt lezyonları ile karakterize kronik inflamatuar bir deri hastalığıdır. Günümüzde sıklığı giderek artmakta olan bu hastalığın patogenezi oldukça kompleks ve tam aydınlatılamamış olup, hastalığın gelişiminde pek çok genetik ve çevresel faktör arasındaki etkileşim önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, AD patogenezinde oksidatif stres önemli bir rol oynadığından, antioksidan yollarda işlev gören GST genlerindeki GSTT1 ve GSTM1 polimorfizmlerinin AD gelişiminde bir risk faktörü olup olmadığını ve hastalık şiddeti ve seyri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı amaçladık.Çalışmamıza Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Allerji Polikliniğine başvuran ve/veya takipte olan Hanifin ve Rajka kriterlerine göre atopik dermatit tanısı konulan 114 hasta ile kontrol grubu olarak herhangi bir allerjik hastalığı olmayan 63 hasta alındı. Çalışmada hasta ve kontrol grubundan izole edilen DNA'larda GSTM1 ve GSTT1 polimorfizmlerini belirlemek için multipleks PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) yöntemi kullanılarak genotipleme yapıldı. Agaroz jeldeki bantlara göre genotipler belirlendi. İstatiksel analizde p0.05).Çalışmamızda atopik dermatit ile GSTT1 ve GSTM1 null delesyonları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptamamakla birlikte diğer gen polimorfizmlerinin de çalışmalarla desteklenmesi gerekmektedir. Hastalığın fizyopatolojik özelliklerini aydınlatmak için daha geniş olgu sayılı ve diğer gen polimorfizmlerini de içeren daha ileri çalışmalara gereksinim vardır.Anahtar kelimeler: Atopik dermatit, GSTT1, GSTM1, polimorfizm. Atopic dermatitis is an itchy, chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized with eczematous skin lesions. Recently an increasing incidence of this disease has a very complex and not fully clarified pathogenesis and the interaction between many genetic and environmental factors play an important role in the development of the disease. In this study, due to the important role of the oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of AD, our objective was to investigate the effect of GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms of GST genes, that function in antioxidant pathways, on disease severity and course and whether there is a risk factor in the development of AD.Our study includes 114 patients who were diagnosed with atopic dermatitis at Uludag University Medicine Faculty Department of Pediatrics at Allergy Clinics according to Hanifin ve Rajkac criteria and 63 patients without any allergic disease as a control group. In this study the multiplex PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction) method was used and genotyped to determine the GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms at DNA?s which were isolated from the patients and control group. Genotypes were determined according to the tapes at agorose jell. The value of p0.05).Although any significant relation between atopic dermatitis and GSTM1 and GSTT1 null deletions was not determined in our study, the studies should be supported with the other gene polymorphisms. To clarify the physiopathological properties of the disease, further studies with a more extensive phenemonen and including the other gene polymorphisms are needed.Key words: Atopic dermatitis, GSTT1, GSTM1, polymorphism 68

In this paper, we describe an annotation environment developed for the marking of discourse structures in Turkish, and the kinds of discourse relation configurations that led to its design.

Single crystals of Mn-implanted TiO2 rutile have been investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique at room temperature. We have observed an EPR signal on Mn4+ ions (S=frac(3, 2)) in the manganese-implanted single crystal TiO2 plates. Besides, weaker EPR signals due to Fe3+(S=frac(5, 2), L=0) and Cr3+(S=frac(3, 2)) ions have also been observed. Characteristic six-line splitting of the manganese EPR lines due to hyper-fine interaction with 55Mn nuclei (spin I=frac(5, 2)) has also been observed. Analysis of the EPR spectra shows that the manganese, iron and chromium ions substitute for Ti4+ ions in the TiO2 rutile host. Two structurally equivalent groups of the centers have been observed in the EPR spectra in correspondence with two octahedral positions of the Ti ions in the rutile structure. Spin Hamiltonian parameters for the crystal field of orthorhombic symmetry on the Mn4+, Fe3+ and Cr3+ centers have been obtained as result of computer modelling. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Single crystals of manganese-implanted TiO2 rutile have been investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique at room temperature. ESR spectra have been interpreted to correspond to the transitions among the spin multiplet (S=3/2) of the paramagnetic Mn4+ ion. Characteristic six-line hyper-fine splitting of the ESR spectra resulting from the spin I=5/2 of the Mn55 nucleus has been observed. Analysis of EPR spectra shows that manganese in TiO2 rutile host substitutes for Ti4+ ions. Two equivalent Mn4+ centers have been observed in the EPR spectra in correspondence with two equivalent octahedral positions of Ti ions in the rutile structure. Parameters of the crystal field of orthorhombic symmetry on the Mn4+ centers have been obtained as result of computer modelling. © 2009 IOP Publishing Ltd.

We have studied the magnetic properties of the Co-implanted TiO2 thin films by magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) techniques. The single-crystalline (1 0 0), (0 0 1) and (1 1 0) TiO2 substrates of rutile structure have been heavily irradiated by Co+ ions with an energy of 40 keV to a dose of 1.5×1017 ion/cm2. Both techniques revealed strong room-temperature ferromagnetism, with magnetic parameters depending on the crystallographic orientation of the substrate. It has been observed by MOKE that the angular dependencies of the magnetic remanence and of the coercive field indicate a two-fold in-plane anisotropy for the (1 0 0) and (1 1 0) substrate and a four-fold in-plane anisotropy for the (0 0 1) substrate samples. SQUID measurements at room and low temperatures confirm the MOKE results. We also discuss the origin of the ferromagnetism emerging in dielectric and diamagnetic single-crystalline TiO2 substrates after Co-ion implantation. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Magnetic anisotropy of cobalt implanted single-crystalline rutile has been studied by means of magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) techniques. We observed for the first time strong angular dependence of the remanent magnetization and coercive field in the plane of the implanted surface: twofold anisotropy for the (100)-substrate and fourfold anisotropy for the (001)-substrate samples. The observation opens up new possibilities to tailor magnetic anisotropies of the material. Possible origins of ferromagnetism and anisotropies in dielectric and diamagnetic single-crystalline TiO2 samples after Co-ion implantation are discussed. © 2005 IOP Publishing Ltd.

The magnetic anisotropy of thin epitaxial films of chromium dioxide (CrO2) has been studied as a function of the film thickness by the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) technique. CrO2 films with various thicknesses in the range from 27 to 535 nm have been grown on (100)-oriented TiO2 substrates by chemical vapor deposition using CrO3 as a solid precursor. In a series of CrO2 films grown on the substrates cleaned by etching in a hydrofluoric acid solution, the FMR signal exhibits anisotropy and is strongly dependent on the film thickness. The magnetic properties of CrO2 films are determined by a competition between the magnetocrystalline and magnetoelastic anisotropy energies, the latter being related to elastic tensile stresses caused by the lattice mismatch between the film and the substrate. In the films of minimum thickness (27 nm), this strain-induced anisotropy is predominant and the easy magnetization axis switches from the [001] crystallographic direction (characteristic of the bulk magnet) to the [010] direction. © 2005 Pleiades Publishing, Inc.

The ion implantation technique has been used to fabricate a Co-rich layer in rutile: single-crystalline TiO2 substrates were heavily irradiated by Co+ ions with energy of 40 keV. The magnetic properties of as-prepared and post-annealed samples were studied by both inductive and Faraday magnetometry as well as ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). A ferromagnetic Curie temperature as high as 700 K was measured in our samples. The analysis of the magnetic hysteresis loop, the temperature dependence of the saturation magnetization, and strong out-of-plane anisotropy of the FMR spectra allow us to suppose that the origin of the macroscopic high-temperature ferromagnetism is the exchange interaction mediated by oxygen vacancies.

Co:TiO2 thin films prepared by reactive co-sputtering deposition were studied by electron spin resonance (ESR) technique. Magnetization measurements showed hysteretic behavior with the coercive field between 55 and 65 Oe and the saturation magnetization at room temperature ranging from 7 (2.2% Co) to 28 emu/cm3 (8.5% Co). ESR measurements at X-band (9.5 GHz) revealed an anomaly in the temperature behavior of the absorption intensity near the temperature at 60 K. This behavior is attributed to an unconventional spin-glass-like behavior, which results from competition of long-range dipole-dipole interaction and anisotropy fields in ferromagnetic Co nanoparticles. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Epitaxial (100) thin films of CrO2 of various thickness were fabricated by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) at atmospheric oxygen pressure onto (100) TiO2 single-crystal substrates. Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurements were performed at the X-band (9.5 GHz) at room temperature. The angular dependencies of the FMR spectra in both "in-plane" and "out-of-plane" geometries were measured. The directions of easy and hard axes of magnetization were determined from the in-plane measurements, when the DC magnetic field was rotated in the film plane. It was established that, at room temperature, the easy axis of magnetization is parallel to the c-axis of the CrO2 rutile structure. Splitting of the FMR signal into surface and bulk modes was observed due to surface pinning of magnetization at interfaces of the CrO2 films. The magnetoelastic anisotropy was observed to be enhanced with decreasing film thickness. The values of the room temperature effective magnetization and parameters of the anisotropy field were obtained from analysis of the FMR data. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Polyimide foils were implanted with 40 keV Fe+ and Co + to doses of 0.25-1.5×1017 ions/cm2. Electron microscopy studies showed the formation of iron and cobalt nanoparticles in the implanted polymer layer with a thickness of about 70 nm. The size and shape of the ion-synthesized metal nanoparticles depend on the implantation parameters and subsequent thermal annealing. A ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) response was found in the iron-implanted samples as well as in the annealed cobalt and iron samples. The effective magnetization values of the metal/polymer composite layers were extracted from the FMR spectra and plotted as a function of implantation dose. The magnetic properties of the iron and cobalt nanoparticles in polyimide are compared and discussed. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

I. Avrasya Nükleer Bilimler ve Uygulamaları Konferansı : 23-27 Ekim 2000. İzmir, Türkiye. Thin metal-polymer composite films were synthesized by high-dose implantation of 40 keV Fe+ and Co+ ions into epoxy and silicone polymers. The influence of both an initial relaxation state (viscosity) of polymer target and a dose of implantation on microstructures and magnetic properties of ion synthesized composite materials was investigated. The process of nucleation and growth of metal nanophase in polymer volume with dose increasing were observed by transmission electron microscopy. It was shown that various metal nanostructures (isolated particles with different morphology and sizes, multi-particles clusters, fractal-type agglomerates) and quasi-continuous monocrystalline films are formed at different initial viscosity of the targets, kinds of implanted ions and doses of implantation. Magnetic properties of metal-polymer composite films were studied by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) method. The observed FMR spectra and their orientation dependencies reflect the essential differences in the magnetic properties of the composite films formed in the epoxy and silicone substrates at different viscosity and doses. The dose dependencies of effective magnetization are presented for iron-implanted silicone films synthesized at different relaxation state of polymer substrate. The dependence of FMR spectra on a type of implanted atoms (iron or cobalt) is also discussed.