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Resumo A reforma administrativa no Brasil, iniciada com a Constituição de 1988, permitiu a efetivação de políticas públicas descentralizadas, incluindo a municipalização do setor saúde e participação popular. Objetivando apreender como essas mudanças democráticas ecoaram na literatura internacional, o artigo analisou a produção científica da administração pública da saúde no Brasil, adotando o estudo de redes sociais. A pesquisa foi feita na base do Web of Science, utilizando termos relacionados com administração, delimitada por “Brazil” e “health”, e softwares auxiliares BibExcel e Ucinet. A rede de publicações da administração se mostrou coesa, com práticas de democracia deliberativa e participação social. Ao incluir o termo “saúde”, houve maior variação de temas, com destaque para a Reforma Sanitária e descentralização do Sistema Único de Saúde, de forma crítica e reflexiva, e notada ausência do controle social.

This article investigates the formation of compadrazgo networks in the parish of Viamão in the 18th century. It focuses on how they reproduced dynamics of differentiation, hierarchy and interdependence constituted by individuals from families of the region. According to João Fragoso, the society constituted in Brazil from the colonial period was marked by a "customary social hierarchy", constituted by intricate relationships among individuals from different social strata. This article was divided in three parts: in the first, we will present the method adopted; next, is a brief review of studies on compadrazgo in Brazil. Finally, the mapping of these networks was carried out, through the systematization of baptismal records of the Viamão region from 1747 to 1759, and using the tools of the Social Network Analysis methodology to perform the analysis of the results.

This work has investigated the academic relationships of five classes, 185 students, from an Undergraduate Business Administration course, on-site. The Social Network Analysis (SNA) research technique has been used. The results show that homophilia is predominant in the formation of groups. Only in one class does performance have a greater influence. The "cliques" were more clearly defined in only one class. The analysis of the results also indicates that students with social brokerage roles perform better than their peers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a social network analysis (SNA) of Rio de Janeiro's drug trafficking in the early 1970s. After presenting an overview of organized crime theory and the place of SNA in it, I show how the network was constructed. The remaining parts explores the social embeddedness of the network, its topology, and how it behaves in response to attack strategies. The findings show that the network organized itself through a modular topology with small-world effects and a small to moderate social embeddedness, which is potentially resilient to attack strategies. In conclusion, I outline some of the implications for sociological theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the configuration of the social network of co-authorship of Brazilian stricto sensu Postgraduate Programs in Accounting, in the 2013-2016 quadrennium, based on the production of papers published in journals of their permanent teachers. A documentary study was performed using sociometric tools to analyze 21 programs and 291 curricula, with master's and doctorate. The main results of the research show a low density of social networks of document co-authorships. However, there is an increase in this density, when compared with previous similar studies, indicating a historical increase in co-authorship. It was found that individual characteristics of teachers influence their potential to contribute to fostering partnerships, between authors and between postgraduate programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literature of business clusters has been studied in the last 30 years. However, the influence of networks' social relations on local retail clusters is not known, and what impacts they have on the economic development of their regions. This article explored the existing social relations between companies belonging to local retail clusters and regional economic developments in the Rio Grande do Sul. For this, 558 managers of companies belonging to 20 local retail clusters were interviewed. This study used a quantitative methodology. Structural properties of social relations were mapped using the UCINET software. Business clusters were grouped. The SNA measures and economic performances of such groups were analyzed and compared using the SPSS software, showing differences between them by applying the Teste Anova. We observed that business clusters with higher economic performance showed weak social relations in terms of density, number of ties, reciprocity, out-degree, indegree, and greater average distance. This article contributes to the literature of business clusters by investigating the social relations of local retail clusters using the SNA method. It also contributes to regional development by exploring the relationship between business clusters and regional service's gross value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Purpose -- The objective of the research was to analyze informal social networks that are part of the informal organization of a restaurant, specifying relational and structural aspects of the networks of friendship, trust and learning established amongst its workers. Design/methodology/approach -- The approach of Social Networks Analysis was used, which adopts as a principle the perspective that the actors and their actions are interdependent and they establish connections amongst themselves. The study counted on the participation of 24 workers from a restaurant in the city of Fortaleza-CE, Brazil, whose social networks were mapped and analyzed with the help of Ucinet and NetDraw software. Findings -- As a result, it was found that informal networks are quite active in the restaurant. Their formation and functioning are part of the work culture of the informal organization, and do not necessarily have a direct association with formal positions and sectors. Informal organization assumes a certain independence from the formal structure, but not entirely, since the configuration of the friendship, trust and learning networks are associated with the dynamics of the restaurant's operation and the relevance of the activities performed by the workers. Originality/value -- The research shows that the analysis of social networks allows a better understanding of the relationships established between workers, as well as the intermediated content, formation of informal groups, identification of actors who are leaders and mapping of information flows, contributing to the understanding of the informal organization of work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Resumo Introdução Este artigo objetiva identificar a relação entre o desempenho de um Programa de Controle da Hanseníase (PCH) e a sua relação com a rede social, em um município brasileiro. Método Foram realizadas coleta de dados secundários, visitas para observação e entrevistas com o coordenador local do programa (PCH), o secretário de saúde, outros dois coordenadores e com profissionais por estes citados, seguindo a técnica de gerador de nomes. Dezesseis entrevistas originaram a elaboração de seis redes individuais e três coletivas, configurando três momentos: (I) identificação do problema, (II) demonstração do problema e (III) tentativa de reestruturação. Resultados Observou-se uma centralidade de cliques, em que o coordenador do PCH e o da Vigilância Epidemiológica compartilhavam funções no PCH, com fortes laços pessoais. As demais ligações identificadas foram caracterizadas como fortes ou frágeis, e profissionais. Conclusão Foi identificada relação entre o desempenho do PCH (indicadores) e os diferentes tempos das redes sociais, o que acabou por influenciar no funcionamento deste.

As ecovilas desenvolvem práticas relacionadas às dimensões ecológica, social/comunitária e cultural/espiritual da sustentabilidade. Associadas com o movimento hippie da década de 1970, tendem a ser vistas como comunidades isoladas da sociedade mais ampla. Este artigo questiona essa suposição e busca investigar se o nicho das ecovilas no Brasil é um conjunto de comunidades isoladas ou se estabelecem relações entre si e com outros atores da sociedade para trocas de informações sobre práticas socioambientais e desenvolvimento sustentável. A partir de um levantamento das ecovilas no território brasileiro e da análise de suas redes sociais, descobriu-se que as ecovilas brasileiras trocam informações com diversos setores da sociedade. Os resultados deste estudo demonstram que o nicho das ecovilas no Brasil, embora crie “espaços protegidos”, não está isolado dos processos políticos e sociais dos regimes, sendo atores importantes a serem incluídos nos debates sobre os rumos para o desenvolvimento sustentável.

This paper analyzes the dissemination of an unofficial negative campaign on Twitter, during the 2016 mayoral election campaign in Rio de Janeiro. The sponsorship of attack messages in electoral races by groups not officially linked to parties and candidates is a strategy little studied in Brazil. To fill this gap, we analyzed the messages posted on Twitter during the second round of that election by the partisans from the main candidates Marcelo Crivella (PRB) and Marcelo Freixo (PSOL), as well as by networks supporting and attacking them. The methodology includes Content Analysis, Social Network Analysis and statistical analysis of an initial sample of 530,000 tweets gathered through Twitter Search API, reaching a final sample of 11,407 posts classified as negative. The results show that the main negative campaign agents have different roles and profiles on Twitter, being identified as influencers or disseminators of attack contents.

Analisar a adoção da estratégia de campanha negativa não oficial no Twitter na disputa pela Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro em 2016 é o objetivo deste artigo. Esse fenômeno, caracterizado pela promoção de ataques em períodos eleitorais por grupos independentes das coligações oficiais, é pouco estudado na literatura brasileira. A fim de ajudar a preencher essa lacuna, analisam-se as mensagens postadas no microblog durante o segundo turno do aludido pleito por eleitores e redes de apoio e ataque aos principais candidatos Marcelo Crivella (PRB) e Marcelo Freixo (PSOL). A metodologia usa técnicas de análise de conteúdo, análise de redes sociais e análise estatística de um corpus inicial de 530 mil tweets coletados por meio da Twitter Search API, resultando em uma amostra final de 11.407 postagens classificadas como negativas. Entre as conclusões é possível afirmar que os principais agentes de campanha negativa não oficial no Twitter apresentam funções e perfis distintos, podendo ser divididos entre os influenciadores e os disseminadores de publicações de ataque.

Trata-se de estudo exploratório descritivo realizado em uma Instituição de Educação Superior (IES) brasileira com a participação dos coordenadores por sua importância nas ações conjuntas entre cursos. Foram analisados os relacionamentos entre coordenadores e o quanto estes conhecem e promovem ações interdisciplinares tendo por base os Projetos e Atividades Especiais (PAEs) desenvolvidos na instituição. Também foram avaliadas, pelos pesquisados, dimensões consideradas essenciais para o sucesso dos trabalhos de grupos interdisciplinares. Os dados do questionário respondido pelos coordenadores foram interpretados por meio da Análise de Redes Sociais (ARS) com uso do software UciNet V6. Concluiu-se que ações interdisciplinares são incipientes entre os coordenadores. A dimensão “Comunicação eficaz” recebeu a melhor pontuação entre os respondentes para a consolidação da interdisciplinaridade entre os cursos. Já a dimensão “Características individuais” teve a menor pontuação. Notam-se ações individuais para promover e divulgar atividades interdisciplinares e que a interdisciplinaridade está na pauta da IES pesquisada, mas não se evidencia ação institucional para fortalecimento dos relacionamentos entre coordenadores. Características do coordenador e ou do curso fazem com que determinados cursos se mostrem como “ilhas de conhecimento”.

Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo geral analisar a composição, a organização e o funcionamento do Circuito Turístico Caminho Novo-MG (CTCN), dentro do contexto das políticas públicas de turismo, apoiado na teoria dos sistemas complexos e utilizando como suporte teórico o paradigma da complexidade proposto por Edgar Morin, o modelo do SISTUR de Beni (1998) e sua reconstrução proposta por Moesch e Beni (2015, 2017). Como ferramentas metodológicas utilizou-se o método bola de neve aplicado em três etapas, a análise de redes sociais com foco na Teoria dos Laços fracos e Laços fortes de Granovetter (1973, 1983) e dos buracos estruturais de Burt (1992), aliadas à análise de conteúdo adaptada de Bardin (2011) e a elaboração de sociogramas das relações mantidas entre os agentes sociais. Como principais re-sultados destacamos a inexistência de uma rede regional capaz de produzir resulta-dos efetivos, o baixo entendimento dos municípios sobre as políticas públicas de turismo, uma forte ingerência municipal e regional atrelada a um cenário de descon-tinuidade da gestão pública e uma postura competitiva com reduzida participação dos agentes sociais para trabalhar em rede.

Segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) na última década houve aumento na busca nos países desenvolvidos de terapias alternativas, incluindo a fitoterapia. A OMS estima que 80% da população mundial utilize fitoterapia. Por esses motivos a OMS preconiza a implantação de Programas de Fitoterapia eficazes como uma questão global de saúde. A partir do estudo quanti-qualitativo, com abordagem na ARS realizou-se entrevistas, construção e análise das redes pessoais de usuários de fitoterapia de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde no Rio de Janeiro. O serviço de fitoterapia é mais indicado na rede pessoal (84,62%) que por profissional de saúde, o serviço público representa 8,97% do total de referenciados da rede, contra 91,03% de indicações privadas. A rede dos usuários de fitoterapia é fragmentada. Os profissionais de saúde da UBS investigada têm baixa centralidade de intermediação na rede. Nossos achados sugerem que o acesso à informação sobre a prática da fitoterapia e a indicação para o serviço de fitoterapia é mais referenciado na rede pessoal do que por profissional de saúde. Essas informações são fundamentais para o planejamento, avaliação e eventual reformulação das estratégias de acesso ao programa de fitoterapia e podem ser aplicadas a demais programas de saúde.

RESUMO:Este artigo visa identificar a dinâmica de interação de comunidades globais de RecursosEducacionais Abertos (REA) na rede social Twitterno período de2012 a 2017. Buscamos evidenciar, por meio da Análise de Redes Sociais (SCOTT, 2012; RECUERO, 2014), os nós mais bem posicionados e que servem como pontes para troca de informação entre comunidades centrais e periféricas dentro da rede de REA. Para isso, foram produzidos três grafos a partir de métricas de centralidade de intermediação, de grau de entrada e de saída. Os resultados revelaram cinco pontes e sete grandes comunidades que se destacam nas interações dentro da rede. As cinco pontes são fundamentais na manutenção do fluxo de informação que parte das sete comunidades principais para regiões mais periféricas do circuito de REA. Seis comunidades e quatro pontes estão localizadas no Norte Global e uma comunidade e uma ponte encontram-se no Sul Global. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: comunidades e atores de RecursosEducacionais Abertos (REA); Twitter; análise de redes sociais; grafos de redes. ABSTRACT:This article aims at identifying the interaction dynamics of Open Educational Resources (OER) global communities on Twitter, from 2012 to 2017. Our purpose is to identify, by using Analysis of Social Networks (SCOTT, 2012; RECUERO, 2014), the best positioned nodes that serve as bridges for information exchange among central and peripheral OER communities within the network. Three graphs based on metrics of betweenness centrality, indegree and outdegree centralityare produced. The results show that five bridges and seven large communities prevail in interactions within the network. The five bridges are fundamental in maintaining the flow of information that emanates from the seven communities to more peripheral regions of the OER circuit. Six communities and four bridges are located in Global North and one community and one bridge are based in the Global South. KEYWORDS: Open Educational Resources (OER) communities and actors; Twitter; social network analysis; network graphs.

O que aprendemos a respeito da utilização de robôs nas redes sociais e seus efeitos comunicacionais? Considerando as práticas midiáticas contemporâneas, os estudos críticos algorítmicos vêm debatendo uma transformação nos regimes de visibilidade (Magalhães, 2018). Esse artigo retoma um estudo de caso das eleições presidenciais de 2014 sobre o uso de bots no Twitter como agentes de expressão. Ao coletar dados digitais do Twitter, partiu-se de uma técnica quali-quantitativa de análise das redes sociais para cartografar as estratégias de compuatacionais de propaganda. Assim, sob efeito dos bots, as modulações produzidas da interação entre atores humanos e não humanos fornecem novos parâmetros para compreender fenômenos políticos-comunicacionais.

O presente artigo busca debater, por meio de estudo de caso, as cascatas das chamadas fake news de cunho político no Twitter. Para tanto, examinam-se fake news que circularam durante dois eventos, o julgamento e a prisão do ex-presidente Lula. Para tal análise, utilizam-se métodos de coleta de dados automatizados, análise de redes e uma análise qualitativa. Os principais resultados apontam para uma circulação limitada dessas notícias, principalmente dentro de núcleos ideológicos favoráveis e uma forte ação de determinados tipos de usuários no seu espalhamento.

This paper aims to analyze the discourse on democracy on Twitter the day before the 2018 Brazilian elections. We use mixed methods based on Social Network Analysis and Critical Discourse Analysis to analyze 25.138 tweets. The main results point toward a discursive struggle between two groups: one of them tries to frame democracy as opposite to dictatorship and point Bolsonaro as a threat to it; the other reinforce the neoliberal discourse to point Workers' Party as anti-democrats. Democratic dimensions are peripheral in this struggle, in which both groups try to disqualify their adversary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aimed to analyze the process of information dissemination in socioecological systems. System Dynamics, Agent-Based Modeling, and Social Network Analysis approaches were used for the construction of a hybrid simulation model. An analysis of the characteristics and structural aspects of social networks of the Gorutuba Irrigation Perimeter, in Minas Gerais, was performed. We observed that the most central agents are in key positions for the fl ow of information or on compulsory routes for their spread, thus allowing them to fi lter, retain, or even distort the knowledge. We conclude that policies to improve the fl ow of information to increase resilience should be based on targeting leading agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The application of Social Network Analysis (SNA) techniques to investigate interorganizational networks for the development of innovations has attracted growing scientific and empirical interest. In this sense, patents are recognized as an important measure of innovation with valuable information, which are publicly available worldwide, allowing them to be applied to investigate these collaborative innovation networks. However, the information on patents made available by patent authorities in different countries varies in format, which could compromise the application of SNA and the interpretation of analyses. To solve this problem, this study aims to select, develop and present techniques for organizing and preparing a large amount of patent data, allowing data enrichment and enabling the construction and analysis of these networks. This study contributes to the dissemination of studies and applications of SNA in interorganizational innovation networks, supporting researchers and professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This scientometric study describes the central characteristics of the production on deliberative democracy present in highly qualified Brazilian academic journals and identifies the most relevant institutional poles, in order to outline this research field. By means of social network analysis (SNA), the study also aims at mapping relationships within the field to understand their structures and hierarchies. Our analytical corpus comprehends articles released between 2000 and 2016 in journals indexed on Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online). The main results are the quantitative growth of production over the analyzed period as well as the improvement of co-authorship pari passu that of empirical research; the geographical and institutional concentration; and, the distribution of production in different areas of knowledge, but with a preponderance of Political Science and low articulation between different disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The present article aims to analyze the insertion of tilapia tank-nets producers in social networks and their influence on the information transfer within the network, from a group of fish farmers located in a reservoir in southeastern Brazil. Exploratory methods characterize this research, which has a qualitative approach based on a multi-case study. Roster method conducts the network research taking into account the limited number of actors in the network and the identification of all. This article allows an understanding of the influence of frequency, time and value attributed to the exchange of information among fish farmers. The trust degree in the relationships between fish farmers was measured through a Social Network Analysis (SNA) with the help of the UCINET® software. The results show that the transmitters of more information are the same that present themselves as central in the network and those who have the most valuable information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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