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102. The loop homology algebra of discrete torsion

Author

Asao, Yasuhiko

Subjects
Mathematics - Algebraic Topology
Abstract

We show that Lupercio-Uribe-Xicot\'{e}ncatl's orbifold loop product and coproduct can be described by a group cohomology class in some cases. By computing this cohomology class, we show that in some cases the orbifold loop product is trivial., Comment: There is a crucial mistake in Proposition 4.2 where constructing a cocycle

Published
2018

103. The changing GMC population in galaxy interactions

Author

Pettitt, Alex R., Egusa, Fumi, Dobbs, Clare L., Tasker, Elizabeth J., Fujimoto, Yusuke, and Habe, Asao

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

With the advent of modern observational efforts providing extensive giant molecular cloud catalogues, understanding the evolution of such clouds in a galactic context is of prime importance. While numerous previous numerical and theoretical works have focused on the cloud properties in isolated discs, few have looked into the cloud population in an interacting disc system. We present results of the first study investigating the evolution of the cloud population in galaxy experiencing an M51-like tidal fly-by using numerical simulations including star formation, interstellar medium cooling and stellar feedback. We see the cloud population shift to large unbound clouds in the wake of the companion passage, with the largest clouds appearing as fleeting short-lived agglomerations of smaller clouds within the tidal spiral arms, brought together by large scale streaming motions. These are then sheared apart as they leave the protection of the spiral arms. Clouds appear to lead diverse lives, even within similar environments, with some being born from gas shocked by filaments streaming into the spiral arms, and others from effectively isolated smaller colliding pairs. Overall this cloud population produces a shallower mass function than the disc in isolation, especially in the arms compared to the inter-arm regions. Direct comparisons to M51 observations show similarities between cloud populations, though models tailored to the mass and orbital models of M51 appear necessary to precisely reproduce the cloud population., Comment: 21 pages, 25 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS July 25 2018

Published
2018
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105. Contrasting Computational Models of Mate Preference Integration Across 45 Countries

Author

Conroy-Beam, Daniel, Buss, David M, Asao, Kelly, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Sorokowski, Piotr, Aavik, Toivo, Akello, Grace, Alhabahba, Mohammad Madallh, Alm, Charlotte, Amjad, Naumana, Anjum, Afifa, Atama, Chiemezie S, Duyar, Derya Atamturk, Ayebare, Richard, Batres, Carlota, Bendixen, Mons, Bensafia, Aicha, Bizumic, Boris, Boussena, Mahmoud, Butovskaya, Marina, Can, Seda, Cantarero, Katarzyna, Carrier, Antonin, Cetinkaya, Hakan, Croy, Ilona, Cueto, Rosa Mari­a, Czub, Marcin, Dronova, Daria, Dural, Seda, Duyar, Izzet, Ertugrul, Berna, Espinosa, Agustín, Estevan, Ignacio, Esteves, Carla Sofia, Fang, Luxi, Frackowiak, Tomasz, Garduno, Jorge Contreras, Gonzalez, Karina Ugalde, Guemaz, Farida, Gyuris, Petra, Halamová, Mária, Herak, Iskra, Horvat, Marina, Hromatko, Ivana, Hui, Chin-Ming, Jaafar, Jas Laile, Jiang, Feng, Kafetsios, Konstantinos, Kavcic, Tina, Kennair, Leif Edward Ottesen, Kervyn, Nicolas, Thi Khanh Ha, Truong, Khilji, Imran Ahmed, Kobis, Nils C, Lan, Hoang Moc, Lang, Andras, Lennard, Georgina R, Leon, Ernesto, Lindholm, Torun, Thi Linh, Trinh, Lopez, Giulia, Van Luot, Nguyen, Mailhos, Alvaro, Manesi, Zoi, Martinez, Rocio, McKerchar, Sarah L, Mesko, Norbert, Misra, Girishwar, Monaghan, Conal, Mora, Emanuel C, Moya-Garofano, Alba, Musil, Bojan, Natividade, Jean Carlos, Niemczyk, Agnieszka, Nizharadze, George, Oberzaucher, Elisabeth, Oleszkiewicz, Anna, Omar-Fauzee, Mohd Sofian, Onyishi, Ike E, Özener, Baris, Pagani, Ariela Francesca, Pakalniskiene, Vilmante, Parise, Miriam, Pazhoohi, Farid, Pisanski, Annette, Pisanski, Katarzyna, Ponciano, Edna, Popa, Camelia, Prokop, Pavol, Rizwan, Muhammad, Sainz, Mario, Salkicevic, Svjetlana, Sargautyte, Ruta, Sarmany-Schuller, Ivan, Schmehl, Susanne, Sharad, Shivantika, Siddiqui, Razi Sultan, Simonetti, Franco, Stoyanova, Stanislava Yordanova, and Tadinac, Meri

Published
2019

106. A phase II study of carboplatin and etoposide plus durvalumab for previously untreated extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) patients with a poor performance status (PS): NEJ045A study protocol

Author

Tetsuhiko Asao, Satoshi Watanabe, Takahiro Tanaka, Satoshi Morita, and Kunihiko Kobayashi

Subjects
Small-cell lung cancer, Poor performance status, Immune checkpoint inhibitor, Anti-PD-L1, Durvalumab, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for 12–15% of lung cancers and has a limited prognosis, with approximately one-third of SCLC patients having a poor performance status (PS). Patients with extensive-stage (ES) SCLC and a poor PS have a poor prognosis. For this population, overall survival from carboplatin and etoposide treatment is 7–8 months, and treatment development is an unmet medical need. Recently, the combination of an anti-PD-L1 (a ligand for programmed cell death 1) antibody and platinum-based chemotherapy has become the standard of care for ES-SCLC patients with a good PS (PS 0–1). We hypothesized that the combination of the anti-PD-L1 antibody durvalumab with carboplatin and etoposide would be feasible and effective for such patients. Methods We initiated a multicenter phase II study of durvalumab combined with carboplatin and etoposide in previously untreated ES-SCLC patients with a poor PS (PS 2–3). Eligible patients will receive durvalumab plus carboplatin and etoposide every 3 to 4 weeks for up to 4 cycles, followed by durvalumab every 4 weeks until progression or unacceptable toxicity. The dosages of carboplatin and etoposide for the second and subsequent cycles will be adaptively determined based on the adverse events of the first cycle. A total of 56 patients (43 patients with a PS of 2 and 13 patients with a PS of 3) will be enrolled in this study, with a 24-month enrollment period and a 12-month follow-up. The primary endpoint is the tolerability of carboplatin and etoposide plus durvalumab in previously untreated ES-SCLC patients with a poor PS. The secondary endpoints are the 1-year survival rate, objective response rate, progression-free survival, overall survival, ratio of PS improvement, and safety. Discussion The results of this study are intended to establish the safety and efficacy of carboplatin and etoposide plus durvalumab in patients with ES-SCLC and a poor PS. Trial registration Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCT), jRCTs031200319. Registered 21 January 2021, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCTs031200319

Published
2022
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107. Massive expansion of multiple clones in the mouse hematopoietic system long after whole-body X-irradiation

Author

Kengo Yoshida, Yasunari Satoh, Arikuni Uchimura, Munechika Misumi, Seishi Kyoizumi, Masataka Taga, Yukiko Matsuda, Asao Noda, and Yoichiro Kusunoki

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is prevalent in the elderly and associates with hematologic malignancy and cardiovascular disease. Although the risk of developing these diseases increases with radiation doses in atomic-bomb survivors, the causal relationship between radiation exposure and CH is unclear. This study investigated whether radiation exposure induces CH in mice 12–18 months after 3-Gy whole-body irradiation. We found radiation-associated increases in peripheral blood myeloid cells and red blood cell distribution width (RDW). Deep sequencing of bone marrow and non-hematopoietic tissue cells revealed recurrent somatic mutations specifically in the hematopoietic system in 11 of 12 irradiated mice but none in 6 non-irradiated mice. The irradiated mice possessed mutations with variant allele frequencies (VAFs) of > 0.02 on an average of 5.8 per mouse; mutations with VAFs of > 0.1 and/or deletion were prevalent. Examining hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in two irradiated mice revealed several mutations co-existing in the same clones and multiple independent clones that deliver 60–80% of bone marrow nuclear cells. Our results indicate development of massive CH due to radiation exposure. Moreover, we have characterized mutations in radiation-induced CH.

Published
2022
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108. Association between the efficacy and immune-related adverse events of pembrolizumab and chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients: a retrospective study

Author

Kana Kurokawa, Yoichiro Mitsuishi, Naoko Shimada, Yuta Kawakami, Keita Miura, Taichi Miyawaki, Tetsuhiko Asao, Ryo Ko, Takehito Shukuya, Rina Shibayama, Shuko Nojiri, and Kazuhisa Takahashi

Subjects
Non‐small cell lung cancer, Immune-checkpoint inhibitors, Combination therapy, Immune-related adverse events, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background The combination of immune-checkpoint inhibitors with chemotherapy has become the standard of treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, the association between therapeutic efficacy and the development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) remains unclear in patients treated with combination therapy. We aimed to investigate the frequency of irAEs, and the association between therapeutic efficacy and the development of irAEs in patients with NSCLC. Materials and methods We retrospectively surveyed patients with chemo-naïve advanced NSCLC who received pembrolizumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy or pembrolizumab monotherapy at Juntendo University Hospital, Japan, between February 2017 and May 2021. Results Among 148 patients (median [range] age, 68 (33–85) years; 107 men [72.3%] and 41 women [27.7%]), 74 each received pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy and pembrolizumab monotherapy. IrAEs were observed in 46 (62.2%) and 41 patients (55.4%) in the combination therapy and monotherapy group, respectively. Patients with irAEs showed significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) than those without irAEs in the combination therapy group (8.9 vs. 5.7 months; Hazard Ratio [HR], 0.53; 95% CI, 0.29–0.98; P = 0.041) and monotherapy group (11.7 vs. 5.0 months; HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.22–0.70; P = 0.001). In the multivariable analysis, development of irAEs was positively associated with PFS in both the groups (HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.26–0.89; P = 0.019 and HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.21–0.68; P

Published
2022
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111. Place of death from dementia as an underlying cause during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: a cross-sectional study from national death certificates

Author

Miharu Nakanishi, Syudo Yamasaki, Mai Sakai, Hatsumi Yoshii, Asao Ogawa, and Atsushi Nishida

Subjects
Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has challenged palliative end-of-life care for people with dementia. The site of death can be considered as an end-of-life care quality indicator. Most people with dementia prefer to die at nursing or private homes; however, in Japan, they are often hospitalized in psychiatric hospitals for management of neuropsychiatric symptoms. As palliative end-of-life care for older adults with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias has been further challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic, little is known about its effects on the place of death in patients with dementia. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the shifts in place of death from dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Changes throughout the pandemic were compared between deaths from dementia and from senility. Design: Cross-sectional. Methods: Death certificate data of individuals aged 65 years or older who died in Japan between 1 January 2018, and 31 December 2021, were used to extract the cause and place of death. Differences in place of death between the periods were estimated using multinomial logistic analysis with reference to death in private homes. Results: Deaths from dementia mostly occurred in hospitals (59%), while deaths from senility were most frequent in nursing homes (37%). After adjusting for patient characteristics, the likelihood of hospital deaths significantly increased for patients with dementia during the pandemic. Meanwhile, the likelihood of senility deaths decreased in hospitals but increased in nursing homes during the pandemic. Conclusion: The shift to hospital deaths since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic was uniquely observed in deaths from dementia. This hospital shift likely involved increased transfers from nursing and private homes to psychiatric hospitals. Further investigation is needed to examine the association between the pandemic-related change in long-term care workforce and palliative care practice in people with dementia.

Published
2023
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112. Novel oral SPT inhibitor CH5169356 inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation and ameliorates hepatic fibrosis in mouse models of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)

Author

Natsuko Hada, Asao Katsume, Kawasaki Kenichi, Chihiro Endo, Naoshi Horiba, and Masayuki Sudoh

Subjects
CH5169356, fibrosis, hepatic stellate cell, NASH, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Abstract Ceramide is a central molecule of sphingolipid metabolism and is involved in the development of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). It has already been reported that the inhibition of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), the rate‐limiting enzyme in the sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway, has an inhibitory effect on hepatic lipidosis, but its effect on severe hepatic fibrosis is not clear. In this study, we examined whether a SPT inhibitor could suppress the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and ameliorate the progression of NASH. Effects on sphingolipid metabolism and HSC activation marker genes by NA808, a SPT inhibitor, were evaluated in an immortalized HSC cell line (E14C12). NA808 decreased sphingolipid synthesis and the expression of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and collagen 1A1 mRNA in HSC. We identified a novel oral SPT inhibitor, CH5169356, which is a prodrug of NA808. CH5169356 was administered in the Ath+HF model, a NASH mouse model with liver fibrosis induced by atherogenic and high‐fat content diets. CH5169356 showed a significant decrease in the expression of α‐SMA and collagen 1A1 mRNA in the liver and an inhibition of liver fibrosis progression. CH5169356 was also evaluated in a Stelic animal model (STAM), a NASH mouse model induced through a different mechanism than that of the Ath+HF model, and showed a significant anti‐fibrotic effect. In conclusion, CH5169356 could inhibit the progression of hepatic fibrosis in the pathogenesis of NASH by suppressing HSC activation, suggesting that CH5169356 would be a potential oral NASH therapeutic agent.

Published
2023
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114. Sex differences in human mate preferences vary across sex ratios

Author

Walter, Kathryn V., Conroy-Beam, Daniel, Buss, David M., Asao, Kelly, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Sorokowski, Piotr, Aavik, Toivo, Akello, Grace, Alhabahba, Mohammad Madallh, Alm, Charlotte, Amjad, Naumana, Anjum, Afifa, Atama, Chiemezie S., Duyar, Derya Atamtürk, Ayebare, Richard, Batres, Carlota, Bendixen, Mons, Bensafia, Aicha, Bizumic, Boris, Boussena, Mahmoud, Butovskaya, Marina, Can, Seda, Cantarero, Katarzyna, Carrier, Antonin, Cetinkaya, Hakan, Croy, Ilona, Cueto, Rosa María, Czub, Marcin, Dronova, Daria, Dural, Seda, Duyar, Izzet, Ertugrul, Berna, Espinosa, Agustín, Estevan, Ignacio, Esteves, Carla Sofia, Fang, Luxi, Frackowiak, Tomasz, Garduño, Jorge Contreras, González, Karina Ugalde, Guemaz, Farida, Gyuris, Petra, Halamová, Mária, Herak, Iskra, Horvat, Marina, Hromatko, Ivana, Hui, Chin-Ming, Jaafar, Jas Laile, Jiang, Feng, Kafetsios, Konstantinos, Kavčič, Tina, Kennair, Leif Edward Ottesen, Kervyn, Nicolas, Ha, Truong Thi Khanh, Khilji, Imran Ahmed, Köbis, Nils C., Lan, Hoang Moc, Láng, András, Lennard, Georgina R., León, Ernesto, Lindholm, Torun, Linh, Trinh Thi, Lopez, Giulia, Van Luot, Nguyen, Mailhos, Alvaro, Manesi, Zoi, Martinez, Rocio, McKerchar, Sarah L., Meskó, Norbert, Misra, Girishwar, Monaghan, Conal, Mora, Emanuel C., Moya-Garófano, Alba, Musil, Bojan, Natividade, Jean Carlos, Niemczyk, Agnieszka, Nizharadze, George, Oberzaucher, Elisabeth, Oleszkiewicz, Anna, Omar-Fauzee, Mohd Sofian, Onyishi, Ike E., Özener, Baris, Pagani, Ariela Francesca, Pakalniskiene, Vilmante, Parise, Miriam, Pazhoohi, Farid, Pisanski, Annette, Pisanski, Katarzyna, Ponciano, Edna, Popa, Camelia, Prokop, Pavol, Rizwan, Muhammad, Sainz, Mario, Salkičević, Svjetlana, Sargautyte, Ruta, Sarmány-Schuller, Ivan, Schmehl, Susanne, Sharad, Shivantika, Siddiqui, Razi Sultan, Simonetti, Franco, Stoyanova, Stanislava Yordanova, Tadinac, Meri, Varella, Marco Antonio Correa, Vauclair, Christin-Melanie, Vega, Luis Diego, Widarini, Dwi Ajeng, Yoo, Gyesook, Zaťková, Marta Marta, and Zupančič, Maja

Published
2021

115. Large velocity dispersion of molecular gas in bars of strongly barred galaxies, NGC 1300 and NGC 5383

Author

Maeda, Fumiya, Ohta, Kouji, Fujimoto, Yusuke, Habe, Asao, and Baba, Junichi

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We carried out $^{12}$CO(J = 1 -0) observations toward bar and arm regions of strongly barred galaxies, NGC 1300 and NGC 5383, with the Nobeyama 45-m radio telescope (beamsize of 1-2 kpc in the galaxies). The aim of the observations is to qualitatively examine a new scenario for the suppression of star formation in bars based on recent high-resolution numerical simulations: higher speed collisions between molecular clouds in the bar region compared with the arm region suppress the massive star formation. CO emissions were detected from all the regions, indicating the presence of the molecular gases in the strong bars without associating clear HII regions. In both galaxies, the velocity width of the CO line profile tends to be larger in the bar region than in the arm region, which is qualitatively consistent with the new scenario., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in the PASJ

Published
2018
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118. Continuous high-soy protein soymilk intake affects ordinary walking speed in the Japanese pre-frail and frail elderly: a randomized controlled trial.

Author

Sato, Nene, Terashima, Yuji, Sugawara, Makoto, Unno, Ryoichi, Asao, Hiroaki, Iwasaki, Mitsuhiro, Watanabe, Tomoyuki, Uno, Tomoko, and Maruyama, Mitsuo

Subjects
WALKING speed, FRAIL elderly, FRAILTY, SOY proteins, GRIP strength
Abstract

Background: To investigate whether continuous intervention using soymilk containing high soy protein improves physical frailty, a randomized controlled trial was conducted among the Japanese pre-frail and frail elderly. Methods: Japanese pre-frail and frail elderly participants (n = 73) were randomly assigned to the high-soy protein and control groups, who then ingested soymilk containing 14.5 g/200 ml and 3.2 g/200 ml of soy protein, respectively. Before and after the 12-week intervention, walking speed, skeletal muscle mass, grip strength, and the revised Japanese CHS questionnaire regarding fatigue and physical activity were examined to evaluate the impact of each soymilk on physical frailty and compare the variation between the two groups. Physical activity (monitored using a pedometer), dietary intake (determined by questionnaire), and estimated protein intake (determined by casual urine testing) were also recorded before and after the intervention. Results: For the final analysis of the entire cohort (n = 70), there were no significant differences in the endpoints between the two groups. In the subgroup analysis, among participants with a walking speed of at least 1 m/s (n = 35, P = 0.012) and at least 5,000 steps/day before intervention (n = 27, P = 0.0083), the variation in walking speed after the 12-week intervention was significantly higher in the high-soy protein group than in the control group. Estimated protein intake was also significantly higher in the high-soy protein group than in the control group after the intervention. Regarding physical activity and dietary intake, no significant differences were observed between the groups before or after the intervention. Conclusion: The continuous 12-week intervention of high soy protein increased the walking speed among the Japanese pre-frail and frail elderly participants who had an ordinarily high walking speed and high step counts. Trial registration: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, UMIN000044999. Registered July 29, 2021; https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000051409. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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119. Genome-scale evolution in local populations of wild chimpanzees.

Author

Hayakawa, Takashi, Kishida, Takushi, Go, Yasuhiro, Inoue, Eiji, Kawaguchi, Eri, Aizu, Tomoyuki, Ishizaki, Hinako, Toyoda, Atsushi, Fujiyama, Asao, Matsuzawa, Tetsuro, Hashimoto, Chie, Furuichi, Takeshi, and Agata, Kiyokazu

Subjects
GENETIC techniques, OLFACTORY receptors, TASTE receptors, BITTERNESS (Taste), CHIMPANZEES
Abstract

Analysis of genome-scale evolution has been difficult in large, endangered animals because opportunities to collect high-quality genetic samples are limited. There is a need for novel field-friendly, cost-effective genetic techniques. This study conducted an exome-wide analysis of a total of 42 chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) across six African regions, providing insights into population discrimination techniques. Wild chimpanzee DNA was extracted noninvasively from collected fecal samples using the lysis-buffer storage method. To target genome-scale regions of host DNA, exome-capture sequencing was performed using cost-effective baits originally designed for humans (closely related to chimpanzees). Multivariate analysis effectively discriminated differences in local populations, aiding in the identification of samples' geographical origins. Exome-wide heterozygosity was negatively correlated significantly with genome-wide nonsynonymous–synonymous substitution ratios, suggesting that mutation loads exist at the local population level. Exome sequences revealed functional diversity and protein-coding gene divergence. Segregating pseudogenes were comprehensively annotated, with many being population-specific and others shared among populations. Focusing on multicopy chemosensory receptor genes, the segregating pseudogenes OR7D4 (an olfactory receptor) and TAS2R42 (a bitter taste receptor) were shared among western and eastern chimpanzees. Overall, our analytical framework offers ecological insights into chimpanzees and may be applicable to other organisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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120. Large-scale CO J=1-0 observations of the giant molecular cloud associated with the infrared ring N35 with the Nobeyama 45-m telescope

Author

Torii, Kazufumi, Fujita, Shinji, Matsuo, Mitsuhiro, Nishimura, Atsushi, Kohno, Mikito, Kuriki, Mika, Tsuda, Yuya, Minamidani, Tetsuhiro, Umemoto, Tomofumi, Kuno, Nario, Hattori, Yusuke, Yoshiike, Satoshi, Ohama, Akio, Tachihara, Kengo, Shima, Kazuhiro, Habe, Asao, and Fukui, Yasuo

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We report an observational study of the giant molecular cloud (GMC) associated with the Galactic infrared ring-like structure N35 and two nearby HII regions G024.392+00.072 (HII region A) and G024.510-00.060 (HII region B), using the new CO J=1-0 data obtained as a part of the FOREST Unbiased Galactic Plane Imaging survey with the Nobeyama 45-m telescope (FUGIN) project at a spatial resolution of 21". Our CO data revealed that the GMC, with a total molecular mass of 2.1x10^6Mo, has two velocity components over ~10-15km/s. The majority of molecular gas in the GMC is included in the lower-velocity component (LVC) at ~110-114km/s, while the higher-velocity components (HVCs) at ~118-126km/s consist of three smaller molecular clouds which are located near the three HII regions. The LVC and HVCs show spatially complementary distributions along the line-of-sight, despite large velocity separations of ~5-15km/s, and are connected in velocity by the CO emission with intermediate intensities. By comparing the observations with simulations, we discuss a scenario where collisions of the three HVCs with LVC at velocities of ~10-15km/s can provide an interpretation of these two observational signatures. The intermediate velocity features between the LVC and HVCs can be understood as broad bridge features, which indicate the turbulent motion of the gas at the collision interfaces, while the spatially complementary distributions represent the cavities created in the LVC by the HVCs through the collisions. Our model indicates that the three HII regions were formed after the onset of the collisions, and it is therefore suggested that the high-mass star formation in the GMC was triggered by the collisions., Comment: 30 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ

Published
2017
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121. The effect of photoionising feedback on star formation in isolated and colliding clouds

Author

Shima, Kazuhiro, Tasker, Elizabeth J., Federrath, Christoph, and Habe, Asao

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We investigate star formation occurring in idealised giant molecular clouds, comparing structures that evolve in isolation versus those undergoing a collision. Two different collision speeds are investigated and the impact of photoionising radiation from the stars is determined. We find that a colliding system leads to more massive star formation both with and without the addition of feedback, raising overall star formation efficiencies (SFE) by a factor of 10 and steepening the high-mass end of the stellar mass function. This rise in SFE is due to increased turbulent compression during the cloud collision. While feedback can both promote and hinder star formation in the isolated system, it increases the SFE by approximately 1.5 times in the colliding case when the thermal speed of the resulting HII regions matches the shock propagation speed in the collision., Comment: 19 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in PASJ

Published
2017
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122. Formation of Massive, Dense Cores by Cloud-Cloud Collisions

Author

Takahira, Ken, Shima, Kazuhiro, Tasker, Elizabeth J., and Habe, Asao

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We performed sub-parsec ($\sim$ 0.014 pc) scale simulations of cloud-cloud collisions of two idealized turbulent molecular clouds (MCs) with different masses in the range of $0.76 - 2.67 \times 10^4$M$_{\odot}$ and with collision speeds of 5 $-$ 30 km/s. Those parameters are larger than Takahira, Tasker and Habe (2014) (paper I) in which the colliding system showed a partial gaseous arc morphology that supports the NANTEN observations of objects indicated to be colliding MCs by numerical simulations. Gas clumps with density greater than $10^{-20}$ g cm$^{-3}$ were identified as pre-stellar cores and tracked through the simulation to investigate the effect of mass of colliding clouds and collision speeds on the resulting core population. Our results demonstrate that smaller cloud property is more important for results of cloud cloud collisions. The mass function of formed cores can be approximated by a power law relation with index $\gamma$ = -1.6 in slower cloud cloud collisions ($v \sim 5 $ km/s), in good agreement with observation of MCs. A faster relative velocity increases the number of cores formed in the early stage of collisions and shortens gas accretion phase of cores in the shocked region, leading to suppression of core growth. The bending point appears in the high mass part of the core mass function and the bending point mass decreases with increasing of the collision velocity for the same combination of colliding clouds. The high mass part of the core mass function than the bending point mass can be approximated by a power law with $\gamma$ = -2.3 that is very similar to the power index of the massive part of the observed initial stellar mass function. We discuss implication of our results for the massive star formation in our Galaxy., Comment: 15 pages, 15 figures, PASJ in press

Published
2017
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123. CO observations of the molecular gas in the galactic HII region Sh2-48; Evidence for cloud-cloud collision as a trigger of high-mass star formation

Author

Torii, Kazufumi, Hattori, Yusuke, Matsuo, Mitsuhiro, Fujita, Shinji, Nishimura, Atsushi, Kohno, Mikito, Kuriki, Mika, Tsuda, Yuya, Minamidani, Tetsuhiro, Umemoto, Tomofumi, Kuno, Nario, Yoshiike, Satoshi, Ohama, Akio, Tachihara, Kengo, Fukui, Yasuo, Shima, Kazuhiro, Habe, Asao, and Haworth, Thomas J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Sh2-48 is a Galactic HII region located at 3.8 kpc with an O9.5-type star identified at its center. As a part of the FOREST Unbiased Galactic plane Imaging survey using the Nobeyama 45-m telescope (FUGIN) project, we obtained the CO J=1-0 dataset for a large area of Sh2-48 at a spatial resolution of 21"(~0.4 pc), which we used to find a molecular cloud with a total molecular mass of ~3.8x10^4 Mo associated with Sh2-48. The molecular cloud has a systematic velocity shift within a velocity range ~42-47 km/s . On the lower velocity side the CO emission spatially corresponds with the bright 8 {\mu}m filament at the western rim of Sh2-48, while the CO emission at higher velocities is separated at the eastern and western sides of the 8{\mu}m filament. This velocity change forms V-shaped, east-west-oriented feature on the position-velocity diagram. We found that these lower and higher-velocity components are, unlike the infrared and radio continuum data, physically associated with Sh2-48. To interpret the observed V-shaped velocity distribution, we assessed a cloud-cloud collision scenario and found from a comparison between the observations and simulations that the velocity distribution is an expected outcome of a collision between a cylindrical cloud and a spherical cloud, with the cylindrical cloud corresponding to the lower-velocity component, and the two separated components in the higher-velocity part interpretable as the collision-broken remnants of the spherical cloud. Based on the consistency of the ~1.3Myr estimated formation timescale of the HII region with that of the collision, we concluded that the high-mass star formation in Sh2-48 was triggered by the collision., Comment: 26 pages, 18 figures, Accepted for publications in the PASJ

Published
2017
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124. High-mass star formation in Orion triggered by cloud-cloud collision II, Two merging molecular clouds in NGC2024

Author

Ohama, Akio, Tsutsumi, Daichi, Sano, Hidetoshi, Torii, Kazufumi, Nishimura, Atsushi, Shima, Kazuhiro, Yamamoto, Habe Asao Hiroaki, Tachihara, Kengo, Hasagawa, Yutaka, Kimura, Kimihiro, Ogawa, Hideo, and Fukui, Yasuo

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We analyzed the NANTEN2 13CO (J=2-1 and 1-0) datasets in NGC 2024. We found that the cloud consists of two velocity components, whereas the cloud shows mostly single-peaked CO profiles. The two components are physically connected to the HII region as evidenced by their close correlation with the dark lanes and the emission nebulosity. The two components show complementary distribution with a displacement of 0.4 pc. Such complementary distribution is typical to colliding clouds discovered in regions of high-mass star formation. We hypothesize that cloud-cloud collision between the two components triggered the formation of the late O stars and early B stars localized within 0.3 pc of the cloud peak. The collision timescale is estimated to be ~ 10^5 yrs from a ratio of the displacement and the relative velocity 3-4 km s-1 corrected for probable projection. The high column density of the colliding cloud 1023 cm-2 is similar to those in the other massive star clusters in RCW 38, Westerlund 2, NGC 3603, and M42, which are likely formed under trigger by cloud-cloud collision. The present results provide an additional piece of evidence favorable to high-mass star formation by a major cloud-cloud collision in Orion., Comment: 24 pages, 10 figures, submitted for publication in PASJ (cloud-cloud collision special issue)

Published
2017

125. High-mass star formation in Orion possibly triggered by cloud-cloud collision III, NGC2068 and NGC2071

Author

Fujita, Shinji, Tsutsumi, Daichi, Ohama, Akio, Habe, Asao, Sakre, Nirmit, Okawa, Kazuki, Kohno, Mikito, Hattori, Yusuke, Nishimura, Atsushi, Torii, Kazufumi, Sano, Hidetoshi, Tachihara, Kengo, Kimura, Kimihiro, Ogawa, Hideo, and Fukui, Yasuo

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Using the NANTEN2 Observatory, we carried out a molecular line study of high-mass star forming regions with reflection nebulae, NGC 2068 and NGC 2071, in Orion in the 13CO(J=2-1) transition. The 13CO distribution shows that there are two velocity components at 9.0 and 10.5 km/s . The blue-shifted component is in the northeast associated with NGC 2071, whereas the red-shifted component is in the southwest associated with NGC 2068. The total intensity distribution of the two clouds shows a gap of ~1 pc, suggesting that they are detached at present. A detailed spatial comparison indicates that the two show complementary distributions. The blue-shifted component lies toward an intensity depression to the northwest of the red-shifted component, where we find that a displacement of 0.8 pc makes the two clouds fit well with each other. Furthermore, a new simulation of non-frontal collisions shows that observations from 60 degrees off the collisional axis agreed well with the velocity structure in this region. On the basis of these results, we hypothesize that the two components collided with each other at a projected relative velocity 3.0 km/s estimated to be 0.3 Myr for an assumed axis of the relative motion 60 degrees off the line of sight. We assume that the two most massive early B-type stars in the cloud, illuminating stars of the two reflection nebulae, were formed by collisional triggering at the interfaces between the two clouds. Given the other young high-mass star forming regions, namely, M42, M43, and NGC 2024 (Fukui et al. 2018b; Ohama et al. 2017a), it seems possible that collisional triggering has been independently working to form O-type and early B-type stars in Orion in the last Myr over a projected distance of ~80 pc., Comment: 20 peges, 7 figures

Published
2017
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126. On the effective turbulence driving mode of molecular clouds formed in disc galaxies

Author

Jin, Keitaro, Salim, Diane M., Federrath, Christoph, Tasker, Elizabeth J., Habe, Asao, and Kainulainen, Jouni T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We determine the physical properties and turbulence driving mode of molecular clouds formed in numerical simulations of a Milky Way-type disc galaxy with parsec-scale resolution. The clouds form through gravitational fragmentation of the gas, leading to average values for mass, radii and velocity dispersion in good agreement with observations of Milky Way clouds. The driving parameter (b) for the turbulence within each cloud is characterised by the ratio of the density contrast (sigma_rho) to the average Mach number (Mach) within the cloud, b = sigma_rho/Mach. As shown in previous works, b ~ 1/3 indicates solenoidal (divergence-free) driving and b ~ 1 indicates compressive (curl-free) driving. We find that the average b value of all the clouds formed in the simulations has a lower limit of b > 0.2. Importantly, we find that b has a broad distribution, covering values from purely solenoidal to purely compressive driving. Tracking the evolution of individual clouds reveals that the b value for each cloud does not vary significantly over their lifetime. Finally, we perform a resolution study with minimum cell sizes of 8, 4, 2 and 1 pc and find that the average b value increases with increasing resolution. Therefore, we conclude that our measured b values are strictly lower limits and that a resolution better than 1 pc is required for convergence. However, regardless of the resolution, we find that b varies by factors of a few in all cases, which means that the effective driving mode alters significantly from cloud to cloud., Comment: 12 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS, more info: https://www.mso.anu.edu.au/~chfeder/pubs/turb_driv_gal/turb_driv_gal.html

Published
2017
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127. Usefulness of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) Tools in Pediatric Dentistry.

Author

Kusaka, Satoru, Akitomo, Tatsuya, Hamada, Masakazu, Asao, Yuria, Iwamoto, Yuko, Tachikake, Meiko, Mitsuhata, Chieko, and Nomura, Ryota

Subjects
GENERATIVE artificial intelligence, NATURAL language processing, PEDIATRIC dentistry, ARTIFICIAL intelligence, DENTAL assistants
Abstract

Background/Objectives: Generative artificial intelligence (AI) such as ChatGPT has developed rapidly in recent years, and in the medical field, its usefulness for diagnostic assistance has been reported. However, there are few reports of AI use in dental fields. Methods: We created 20 questions that we had encountered in clinical pediatric dentistry, and collected the responses to these questions from three types of generative AI. The responses were evaluated on a 5-point scale by six pediatric dental specialists using the Global Quality Scale. Results: The average scores were >3 for the three types of generated AI tools that we tested; the overall average was 3.34. Although the responses for questions related to "consultations from guardians" or "systemic diseases" had high scores (>3.5), the score for questions related to "dental abnormalities" was 2.99, which was the lowest among the four categories. Conclusions: Our results show the usefulness of generative AI tools in clinical pediatric dentistry, indicating that these tools will be useful assistants in the dental field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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128. Leaf nonstructural carbohydrate residence time, not concentration, correlates with leaf functional traits following the leaf economic spectrum in woody plants.

Author

Asao, Shinichi, Way, Danielle A., Turnbull, Matthew H., Stitt, Mark, McDowell, Nate G., Reich, Peter B., Bloomfield, Keith J., Zaragoza‐Castells, Joana, Creek, Danielle, O'Sullivan, Odhran, Crous, Kristine Y., Egerton, John J.G., Mirotchnick, Nicholas, Weerasinghe, Lasantha K., Griffin, Kevin L., Hurry, Vaughan, Meir, Patrick, Sitch, Stephen, and Atkin, Owen K.

Subjects
*PHOTOSYNTHETIC rates, *WOODY plants, *PHYSIOLOGY, *PHOTOSYNTHESIS, *CARBOHYDRATES, *RESPIRATION
Abstract

Summary Nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations might reflect the strategies described in the leaf economic spectrum (LES) due to their dependence on photosynthesis and respiration. We examined if NSC concentrations correlate with leaf structure, chemistry, and physiology traits for 114 species from 19 sites and 5 biomes around the globe. Total leaf NSC concentrations varied greatly from 16 to 199 mg g−1 dry mass and were mostly independent of leaf gas exchange and the LES traits. By contrast, leaf NSC residence time was shorter in species with higher rates of photosynthesis, following the fast‐slow strategies in the LES. An average leaf held an amount of NSCs that could sustain one night of leaf respiration and could be replenished in just a few hours of photosynthesis under saturating light, indicating that most daily carbon gain is exported. Our results suggest that NSC export is clearly linked to the economics of return on resource investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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130. Kidney Disease, Hypertension Treatment, and Cerebral Perfusion and Structure

Author

Whelton, Paul, Johnson, Karen C., Snyder, Joni, Bild, Diane, Bonds, Denise, Cook, Nakela, Cutler, Jeffrey, Fine, Lawrence, Kaufmann, Peter, Kimmel, Paul, Launer, Lenore, Moy, Claudia, Riley, William, Ryan, Laurie, Tolunay, Eser, Yang, Song, Reboussin, David, Williamson, Jeff, Ambrosius, Walter T., Applegate, William, Evans, Greg, Foy, Capri, Freedman, Barry I., Kitzman, Dalane, Lyles, Mary, Pajewski, Nick, Rapp, Steve, Rushing, Scott, Shah, Neel, Sink, Kaycee M., Vitolins, Mara, Wagenknecht, Lynne, Wilson, Valerie, Perdue, Letitia, Woolard, Nancy, Craven, Tim, Garcia, Katelyn, Gaussoin, Sarah, Lovato, Laura, Newman, Jill, Lovato, James, Lu, Lingyi, McLouth, Chris, Russell, Greg, Amoroso, Bobby, Davis, Patty, Griffin, Jason, Harris, Darrin, King, Mark, Lane, Kathy, Roberson, Wes, Steinberg, Debbie, Ashford, Donna, Babcock, Phyllis, Chamberlain, Dana, Christensen, Vickie, Cloud, Loretta, Collins, Christy, Cook, Delilah, Currie, Katherine, Felton, Debbie, Harpe, Stacy, Howard, Marjorie, Lewis, Michelle, Nance, Pamela, Puccinelli-Ortega, Nicole, Russell, Laurie, Walker, Jennifer, Craven, Brenda, Goode, Candace, Troxler, Margie, Davis, Janet, Hutchens, Sarah, Killeen, Anthony A., Lukkari, Anna M., Ringer, Robert, Dillard, Brandi, Archibeque, Norbert, Warren, Stuart, Sather, Mike, Pontzer, James, Taylor, Zach, Soliman, Elsayed Z., Zhang, Zhu-Ming, Li, Yabing, Campbell, Chuck, Hensley, Susan, Hu, Julie, Keasler, Lisa, Barr, Mary, Taylor, Tonya, Bryan, R. Nick, Davatzikos, Christos, Nasarallah, Ilya, Desiderio, Lisa, Elliott, Mark, Borthakur, Ari, Battapady, Harsha, Erus, Guray, Smith, Alex, Wang, Ze, Doshi, Jimit, Wright, Jackson T., Jr., Rahman, Mahboob, Lerner, Alan J., Still, Carolyn, Wiggers, Alan, Zamanian, Sara, Bee, Alberta, Dancie, Renee, Thomas, George, Schreiber, Martin, Jr., Navaneethan, Sankar Dass, Hickner, John, Lioudis, Michael, Lard, Michelle, Marczewski, Susan, Maraschky, Jennifer, Colman, Martha, Aaby, Andrea, Payne, Stacey, Ramos, Melanie, Horner, Carol, Drawz, Paul, Raghavendra, Pratibha P., Ober, Scott, Mourad, Ronda, Pallaki, Muralidhar, Russo, Peter, Raghavendra, Pratibha, Fantauzzo, Pual, Tucker, Lisa, Schwing, Bill, Sedor, John R., Horwitz, Edward J., Schellling, Jeffrey R., O’Toole, John F., Humbert, Lisa, Tutolo, Wendy, White, Suzanne, Gay, Alishea, Clark, Walter, Jr., Hughes, Robin, Dobre, Mirela, Still, Carolyn H., Williams, Monique, Bhatt, Udayan, Hebert, Lee, Agarwal, Anil, Murphy, Melissa Brown, Ford, Nicole, Stratton, Cynthia, Baxter, Jody, Lykins, Alicia A., McKinley Neal Leena Hirmath, Alison, Kwame, Osei, Soe, Kyaw, Miser, William F., Sagrilla, Colleen, Johnston, Jan, Anaya, Amber, Mintos, Ashley, Howell, Angel A., Rogers, Kelly, Taylor, Sara, Ebersbacher, Donald, Long, Lucy, Bednarchik, Beth, Schnall, Adrian, Smith, Jonathan, Peysha, Lori, Leach, Lisa, Tribout, Megan, Harwell, Carla, Ellington, Pinkie, Banerji, Mary Ann, Ghody, Pranav, Rambaud, Melissa Vahídeh, Townsend, Raymond, Cohen, Debbie, Huan, Yonghong, Duckworth, Mark, Ford, Virginia, Leshner, Juliet, Davison, Ann, Veen, Sarah Vander, Gadegbeku, Crystal A., Gillespie, Avi, Paranjape, Anuradha, Amoroso, Sandra, Pfeffer, Zoe, Quinn, Sally B., He, Jiang, Chen, Jing, Lustigova, Eva, Malone, Erin, Krousel-Wood, Marie, Deichmann, Richard, Ronney, Patricia, Muery, Susan, Trapani, Donnalee, Rocco, Michael, Goff, David, Rodriguez, Carlos, Coker, Laura, Hawfield, Amret, Yeboah, Joseph, Crago, Lenore, Summerson, John, Hege, Anita, Diamond, Matt, Mulloy, Laura, Hodges, Marcela, Collins, Michelle, Weathers, Charlene, Anderson, Heather, Stone, Emily, Walker, Walida, McWilliams, Andrew, Dulin, Michael, Kuhn, Lindsay, Standridge, Susan, Lowe, Lindsay, Everett, Kelly, Preston, Kelry, Norton, Susan, Gaines, Silena, Rizvi, Ali A., Sides, Andrew W., Herbert, Diamond, Hix, Matthew M., Whitmire, Melanie, Arnold, Brittany, Hutchinson, Philip, Espiritu, Joseph, Feinglos, Mark, Kovalik, Eugene, Gedon-Lipscomb, Georgianne, Evans, Kathryn, Thacker, Connie, Zimmer, Ronna, Furst, Mary, Mason, MaryAnn, Powell, James, Bolin, Paul, Zhang, Junhong, Pinion, Mary, Davis, Gail, Bryant, Winifred, Phelps, Presley, Garris-Sutton, Connie, Atkinson, Beatrice, Contreras, Gabriele, Suarez, Maritza, Schulman, Ivonne, Koggan, Don, Vassallo, Jackie, Peruyera, Gloria, Whittington, Sheri, Bethea, Cassandra, Gilliam, Laura, Pedley, Carolyn, Zurek, Geraldine, Baird, Miriam, Herring, Charles, Smoak, Mary Martha, Williams, Julie, Rogers, Samantha, Gordon, Lindsay, Kennedy, Erin, Belle, Beverly, McCorkle-Doomy, Jessica, Adams, Jonathan, Lopez, Ramon, Janavs, Juris, Rahbari-Oskoui, Frederic, Chapman, Arlene, Dollar, Allen, Williams, Olubunmi, Han, Yoosun, Haley, William, Fitzpatrick, Peter, Blackshear, Joseph, Shapiro, Brian, Harrell, Anna, Palaj, Arta, Henderson, Katelyn, Johnson, Ashley, Gonzalez, Heath, Robinson, Jermaine, Tamariz, Leonardo, Denizard, Jennifer, Barakat, Rody, Krishnamoorthy, Dhurga, Greenway, Frank, Monce, Ron, Church, Timothy, Hendrick, Chelsea, Yoches, Aimee, Sones, Leighanne, Baltazar, Markee, Pemu, Priscilla, Jones, Connie, Akpalu, Derrick, Cheung, Alfred K., Beddhu, Srinivasan, Chelune, Gordon, Childs, Jeffrey, Gren, Lisa, Randall, Anne, Dember, Laura, Soares, Denise, Yee, Jerry, Umanath, Kausik, Ogletree, Naima, Thaxton, Schawana, Campana, Karen, Sheldon, Dayna, MacArthur, Krista, Muhlestein, J. Brent, Allred, Nathan, Clements, Brian, Dhar, Ritesh, Meredith, Kent, Le, Viet, Miner, Edward, Orford, James, Riessen, Erik R., Ballantyne, Becca, Chisum, Ben, Johnson, Kevin, Peeler, Dixie, Chertow, Glenn, Tamura, Manju, Chang, Tara, Erickson, Kevin, Shen, Jenny, Stafford, Randall S., Zaharchuk, Gregory, Del Cid, Margareth, Dentinger, Michelle, Sabino, Jennifer, Sahay, Rukmani, Telminova, Ekaterina, Weiner, Daniel E., Sarnak, Mark, Chan, Lily, Civiletto, Amanda, Heath, Alyson, Kantor, Amy, Jain, Priyanka, Kirkpatrick, Bethany, Well, Andrew, Yuen, Barry, Chonchol, Michel, Farmer, Beverly, Farmer, Heather, Greenwald, Carol, Malaczewski, Mikaela, Lash, James, Porter, Anna, Ricardo, Ana, Rosman, Robert T., Cohan, Janet, Barrera, Nieves Lopez, Meslar, Daniel, Meslar, Patricia, Conroy, Margaret, Unruh, Mark, Hess, Rachel, Jhamb, Manisha, Thomas, Holly, Fazio, Pam, Klixbull, Elle, Komlos-Weimer, Melissa, Mandich, LeeAnne, Vita, Tina, Toto, Robert, Van Buren, Peter, Inrig, Julia, Cruz, Martha, Lightfoot, Tammy, Wang, Nancy, Webster, Lori, Raphael, Kalani, Stults, Barry, Zaman, Tahir, Simmons, Debra, Lavasani, Tooran, Filipowicz, Rebecca, Wei, Guo, Miller, Gracie Mary, Harerra, Jenice, Christensen, Jeff, Giri, Ajay, Chen, Xiaorui, Anderton, Natalie, Jensen, Arianna, Lewis, Julia, Burgner, Anna, Dwyer, Jamie P., Schulman, Gerald, Herrud, Terri, Leavell, Ewanda, McCray, Tiffany, McNeil-Simaan, Edwina, Poudel, Munmun, Reed, Malia, Sika, Mohammed, Woods, Delia, Zirkenbach, Janice L., Raj, Dominic S., Cohen, Scott, Patel, Samir, Velasquez, Manuel, Bastian, Roshni S., Wing, Maria, Roy-Chaudhury, Akshay, Depner, Thomas, Dalyrymple, Lorien, Kaysen, George, Anderson, Susan, Nord, John, Ix, Joachim H., Goldenstein, Leonard, Miracle, Cynthia M., Forbang, Nketi, Mircic, Maja, Thomas, Brenda, Tran, Tiffany, Rastogi, Anjay, Kim, Mihae, Rashid, Mohamad, Lizarraga, Bianca, Hocza, Amy, Sarmosyan, Kristine, Norris, Jason, Sharma, Tushar, Chioy, Amanda, Bernard, Eric, Cabrera, Eleanore, Lopez, Christina, Nunez, Susana, Riad, Joseph, Schweitzer, Suzanne, Sirop, Siran, Thomas, Sarah, Wada, Lauren, Kramer, Holly, Bansal, Vinod, Taylor, Corliss E., Segal, Mark S., Hall, Karen L., Kazory, Amir, Gilbert, Lesa, Owens, Linda, Poulton, Danielle, Whidden, Elaine, Wiggins, Jocelyn, Blaum, Caroline, Nyquist, Linda, Min, Lillian, Gure, Tanya, Lewis, Ruth, Mawby, Jennifer, Robinson, Eileen, Oparil, Suzanne, Lewis, Cora E., Bradley, Virginia, Calhoun, David, Glasser, Stephen, Jenkins, Kim, Ramsey, Tom, Qureshi, Nauman, Ferguson, Karen, Haider, Sumrah, James, Mandy, Jones, Christy, Renfroe, Kim, Seay, April, Weigart, Carrie, Thornley-Brown, Denyse, Rizik, Dana, Cotton, Bari, Fitz-Gerald, Meredith, Grimes, Tiffany, Johnson, Carolyn, Kennedy, Sara, Mason, Chanel, Rosato-Burson, Lesa, Willingham, Robin, Judd, Eric, Breaux-Shropshire, Tonya, Cook, Felice, Medina, Julia, Ghazi, Lama, Bhatt, Hemal, Lewis, James, Brantley, Roman, Brouilette, John, Glaze, Jeffrey, Hall, Stephanie, Hiott, Nancy, Tharpe, David, Boddy, Spencer, Mack, Catherine, Womack, Catherine, Asao, Keiko, Griffin, Beate, Hendrix, Carol, Johnson, Karen, Jones, Lisa, Towers, Chelsea, Punzi, Henry, Cassidy, Kathy, Schumacher, Kristin, Irizarry, Carmen, Colon, Ilma, Colon-Ortiz, Pedro, Colón-Hernández, Pedro J., Carrasquillo-Navarro, Orlando J., Carrasquillo, Merari, Vazquez, Nivea, Sosa-Padilla, Miguel, Cintron-Pinero, Alex, Ayala, Mayra, Pacheco, Olga, Rivera, Catalina, Sotomayor-Gonzalez, Irma, Claudio, Jamie, Lazaro, Jose, Arce, Migdalia, Heres, Lourdes, Perez, Alba, Tavarez-Valle, Jose, Arocho, Ferlinda, Torres, Mercedes, Vazquez, Melvaliz, Aurigemma, Gerard P., Takis-Smith, Rebecca, Andrieni, Julia, Bodkin, Noelle, Chaudhary, Kiran, Hu, Paula, Kostis, John, Cosgrove, Nora, Bankowski, Denise, Boleyn, Monica, Casazza, Laurie, Giresi, Victoria, Patel, Tosha, Squindo, Erin, Wu, Yan, Henson, Zeb, Wofford, Marion, Lowery, Jessica, Minor, Deborah, Harkins, Kimberley, Auchus, Alexander, Flessner, Michael, Adair, Cathy, Asher, Jordan, Loope, Debbie, Cobb, Rita, Venegas, Reiner, Bigger, Thomas, Bello, Natalie, Homma, Shunichi, Donovan, Daniel, Lopez-Jimenez, Carlos, Tirado, Amilcar, Getaneh, Asqual, Tang, Rocky, Durant, Sabrina, Maurer, Mathew, Teruya, Sergio, Helmke, Stephen, Alvarez, Julissa, Campbell, Ruth, Pisoni, Roberto, Sturdivant, Rachel, Brooks, Deborah, Counts, Caroline, Hunt, Vickie, Spillers, Lori, Brautigam, Donald, Kitchen, Timothy, Gorman, Timothy, Sayers, Jessica, Button, Sarah, Chiarot, June, Fischer, Rosemary, Lyon, Melissa, Resnick, Maria, Hodges, Nicole, Ferreira, Jennifer, Cushman, William, Wall, Barry, Nichols, Linda, Burns, Robert, Martindale-Adams, Jennifer, Berlowitz, Dan, Clark, Elizabeth, Walsh, Sandy, Geraci, Terry, Huff, Carol, Shaw, Linda, Servilla, Karen, Vigil, Darlene, Barrett, Terry, Sweeney, Mary Ellen, Johnson, Rebecca, McConnell, Susan, Salles, Khadijeh Shahid, Watson, Francoise, Schenk, Cheryl, Whittington, Laura, Maher, Maxine, Williams, Jonathan, Swartz, Stephen, Conlin, Paul, Alexis, George, Lamkin, Rebecca, Underwood, Patti, Gomes, Helen, Rosendorff, Clive, Atlas, Stephen, Khan, Saadat, Gonzalez, Waddy, Barcham, Samih, Kwon, Lawrence, Matar, Matar, Adhami, Anwar, Basile, Jan, John, Joseph, Ham, Deborah, Baig, Hadi, Saklayen, Mohammed, Yap, Jason, Neff, Helen, Miller, Carol, Zheng-Phelan, Ling, Gappy, Saib, Rau, Shiva, Raman, Arathi, Berchou, Vicki, Jones, Elizabeth, Olgren, Erin, Marbury, Cynthia, Yudd, Michael, Sastrasinh, Sithiporn, Michaud, Jennine, Fiore, Jessica, Kutza, Marianne, Shorr, Ronald, Mount, Rattana, Dunn, Helen, Stinson, Susan, Hunter, Jessica, Taylor, Addison, Bates, Jeffery, Anderson, Catherine, Kirchner, Kent, Stubbs, Jodi, Hinton, Ardell, Spencer, Anita, Sharma, Santosh, Wiegmann, Thomas, Mehta, Smita, Krause, Michelle, Dishongh, Kate, Childress, Richard, Gyamlani, Geeta, Niakan, Atossa, Thompson, Cathy, Moody, Janelle, Gresham, Carolyn, Whittle, Jeffrey, Barnas, Gary, Wolfgram, Dawn, Cortese, Heidi, Johnson, Jonette, Roumie, Christianne, Hung, Adriana, Wharton, Jennifer, Niesner, Kurt, Katz, Lois, Richardson, Elizabeth, Brock, George, Holland, Joanne, Dixon, Troy, Zias, Athena, Spiller, Christine, Baker, Penelope, Felicetta, James, Rehman, Shakaib, Bingham, Kelli, Watnick, Suzanne, Cohen, David, Weiss, Jessica, Johnston, Tera, Giddings, Stephen, Yamout, Hala, Klein, Andrew, Rowe, Caroline, Vargo, Kristin, Waidmann, Kristi, Papademetriou, Vasilios, Elkhoury, Jean Pierre, Gregory, Barbara, Amodeo, Susan, Bloom, Mary, Goldfarb-Waysman, Dalia, Treger, Richard, Kashefi, Mehran, Huang, Christina, Knibloe, Karen, Ishani, Areef, Slinin, Yelena, Olney, Christine, Rust, Jacqueline, Fanti, Paolo, Dyer, Christopher, Bansal, Shweta, Dunnam, Monica, Hu, Lih-Lan, Zarate-Abbott, Perla, Kurella Tamura, Manjula, Pajewski, Nicholas M., Zaharchuk, Greg, Rapp, Stephen R., Auchus, Alexander P., Haley, William E., Kendrick, Jessica, Roumie, Christianne L., Williamson, Jeff D., Detre, John A., Dolui, Sudipto, and Nasrallah, Ilya M.

Published
2022
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132. Two novel high-risk adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia subtypes with high expression of CDX2 and IDH1/2 mutations

Author

Yasuda, Takahiko, Sanada, Masashi, Kawazu, Masahito, Kojima, Shinya, Tsuzuki, Shinobu, Ueno, Hiroo, Iwamoto, Eisuke, Iijima-Yamashita, Yuka, Yamada, Tomomi, Kanamori, Takashi, Nishimura, Rieko, Kuwatsuka, Yachiyo, Takada, Satoru, Tanaka, Masatsugu, Ota, Shuichi, Dobashi, Nobuaki, Yamazaki, Etsuko, Hirose, Asao, Murayama, Tohru, Sumi, Masahiko, Sato, Shinya, Tange, Naoyuki, Nakamura, Yukinori, Katsuoka, Yuna, Sakaida, Emiko, Kawamata, Toyotaka, Iida, Hiroatsu, Shiraishi, Yuichi, Nannya, Yasuhito, Ogawa, Seishi, Taniwaki, Masafumi, Asou, Norio, Hatta, Yoshihiro, Kiyoi, Hitoshi, Matsumura, Itaru, Horibe, Keizo, Mano, Hiroyuki, Naoe, Tomoki, Miyazaki, Yasushi, and Hayakawa, Fumihiko

Published
2022
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137. Decadal biomass increment in early secondary succession woody ecosystems is increased by CO2 enrichment.

Author

Walker, Anthony P, De Kauwe, Martin G, Medlyn, Belinda E, Zaehle, Sönke, Iversen, Colleen M, Asao, Shinichi, Guenet, Bertrand, Harper, Anna, Hickler, Thomas, Hungate, Bruce A, Jain, Atul K, Luo, Yiqi, Lu, Xingjie, Lu, Meng, Luus, Kristina, Megonigal, J Patrick, Oren, Ram, Ryan, Edmund, Shu, Shijie, Talhelm, Alan, Wang, Ying-Ping, Warren, Jeffrey M, Werner, Christian, Xia, Jianyang, Yang, Bai, Zak, Donald R, and Norby, Richard J

Subjects
Trees, Carbon Dioxide, Ecosystem, Biomass, Climate, Photosynthesis, Wood
Abstract

Increasing atmospheric CO2 stimulates photosynthesis which can increase net primary production (NPP), but at longer timescales may not necessarily increase plant biomass. Here we analyse the four decade-long CO2-enrichment experiments in woody ecosystems that measured total NPP and biomass. CO2 enrichment increased biomass increment by 1.05 ± 0.26 kg C m-2 over a full decade, a 29.1 ± 11.7% stimulation of biomass gain in these early-secondary-succession temperate ecosystems. This response is predictable by combining the CO2 response of NPP (0.16 ± 0.03 kg C m-2 y-1) and the CO2-independent, linear slope between biomass increment and cumulative NPP (0.55 ± 0.17). An ensemble of terrestrial ecosystem models fail to predict both terms correctly. Allocation to wood was a driver of across-site, and across-model, response variability and together with CO2-independence of biomass retention highlights the value of understanding drivers of wood allocation under ambient conditions to correctly interpret and predict CO2 responses.

Published
2019

138. Rudimentary modeling of acceptability judgement from a large scale, unbiaseddata

Author

Kuroda, Kow, Yokono, Hikaru, Abe, Keiga, Tsuchida, Tomoyuki, Asao, Yoshihiko, Kobayashi, Yuichiro, Kanamaru, Toshiyuki, and Tagawa, Takumi

Abstract

Acceptability Rating Data for Japanese (ARDJ) is a project that explores the true nature of acceptability judgement basedon a large-scale survey using theoretically unbiased stimuli. Its main survey was carried out in 2018 in two phases withcarefully constructed 300 stimulus sentences: Phrase 1 was a smaller scale experiment with roughly 300 college students;Phase 2 was a large scale web survey with over 1,600 participants.This paper reports on phase 2 and provides two results: Analysis 1 brought us a good typology of 300 sentences; Analysis2 implements explicit modeling of acceptability judgement using Semi-supervised local Fisher discriminant analysis.The results, if combined, suggest that i) acceptability is not a simple dichotomous partitioning of stimuli; ii) acceptabilityis a complex property that emerges through an interplay among the three factors: 1) degree or strength of deviance, 2)syntactic and/or semantic complexity of stimulus, and 3) localizability of deviance.

Published
2019

139. Development of computer adaptive testing for measuring depression in patients with cancer

Author

Ken Kurisu, Masayuki Hashimoto, Tetsuro Ishizawa, Osamu Shibayama, Shuji Inada, Daisuke Fujisawa, Hironobu Inoguchi, Haruki Shimoda, Shinichiro Inoue, Asao Ogawa, Tatsuo Akechi, Ken Shimizu, Yosuke Uchitomi, Yutaka Matsuyama, and Kazuhiro Yoshiuchi

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract The usefulness of depression scales for patients with cancer based on item response theory (IRT) and computer adaptive testing (CAT) has not yet been fully explored. This study thus aimed to develop an IRT-based tool for measuring depression in patients with cancer. We analyzed data from 393 patients with cancer from four tertiary centers in Japan who had not received psychiatric treatment. They answered 62 questions across five categories regarding their psychiatric status over the previous week. We selected 28 items that satisfied the assumptions of IRT, fitted a graded response model to these items, and performed CAT simulations. The CAT simulation used an average of 6.96 items and showed a Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.916 (95% confidence interval, 0.899–0.931) between the degree of depression estimated by simulation and that estimated using all 28 items. The measurement precision of CAT with only four items was superior to that of the estimation using the calibrated Patient Health Questionnaire-9. These results imply that this scale is useful and accurate for measuring depression in patients with cancer.

Published
2022
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140. Survival past five years with advanced, EGFR-mutated or ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer—is there a 'tail plateau' in the survival curve of these patients?

Author

Shoko Sonobe Shimamura, Takehito Shukuya, Tetsuhiko Asao, Daisuke Hayakawa, Kana Kurokawa, Shiting Xu, Keita Miura, Yoichiro Mitsuishi, Ken Tajima, Rina Shibayama, Naoko Shimada, Fumiyuki Takahashi, and Kazuhisa Takahashi

Subjects
EGFR mutation, ALK rearrangement, NSCLC, Long survival, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background The prognosis of patients with NSCLC harboring oncogenic driver gene alterations, such as EGFR gene mutations or ALK fusion, has improved dramatically with the advent of corresponding molecularly targeted drugs. As patients were followed up for about five years in most clinical trials, the long-term outcomes beyond 5 years are unclear. The objectives of this study are to explore the clinical course beyond five years of chemotherapy initiation and to investigate factors that lead to long-term survival. Methods One hundred and seventy-seven patients with advanced, EGFR-mutated or ALK-rearranged NSCLC who received their first chemotherapy between December 2008 and September 2015 were included. Kaplan Meier curves were drawn for the total cohort and according to subgroups of patients’ characteristics. Results Median OS in the total cohort was 40.6 months, the one-year survival rate was 89%, the three-year survival rate was 54%, and the five-year survival rate was 28%. Median OS was 36.9 months in EGFR-mutated patients and 55.4 months in ALK-rearranged patients. The OS curve seemed to plateau after 72 months, and most of the patients who were still alive after more than five years are on treatment. Female sex, age under 75 years, an ECOG PS of 0 to 1, ALK rearrangement, postoperative recurrence, and presence of brain metastasis were significantly associated with longer OS. Conclusions A tail plateau was found in the survival curves of patients with advanced, EGFR-mutated and ALK-rearranged NSCLC, but most were on treatment, especially with EGFR-mutated NSCLC.

Published
2022
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142. Elements of the Theory of Boson Fock Spaces

Author

Arai, Asao, Dito, Giuseppe, Series Editor, Frenkel, Edward, Series Editor, Gukov, Sergei, Series Editor, Kawahigashi, Yasuyuki, Series Editor, Kontsevich, Maxim, Series Editor, Landsman, Nicolaas P., Series Editor, Nachtergaele, Bruno, Series Editor, and Arai, Asao

Published
2020
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143. Representations of CCR with Infinite Degrees of Freedom

Author

Arai, Asao, Dito, Giuseppe, Series Editor, Frenkel, Edward, Series Editor, Gukov, Sergei, Series Editor, Kawahigashi, Yasuyuki, Series Editor, Kontsevich, Maxim, Series Editor, Landsman, Nicolaas P., Series Editor, Nachtergaele, Bruno, Series Editor, and Arai, Asao

Published
2020
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146. Time Operators

Author

Arai, Asao, Dito, Giuseppe, Series Editor, Frenkel, Edward, Series Editor, Gukov, Sergei, Series Editor, Kawahigashi, Yasuyuki, Series Editor, Kontsevich, Maxim, Series Editor, Landsman, Nicolaas P., Series Editor, Nachtergaele, Bruno, Series Editor, and Arai, Asao

Published
2020
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147. Elements of the Theory of Fermion Fock Spaces

Author

Arai, Asao, Dito, Giuseppe, Series Editor, Frenkel, Edward, Series Editor, Gukov, Sergei, Series Editor, Kawahigashi, Yasuyuki, Series Editor, Kontsevich, Maxim, Series Editor, Landsman, Nicolaas P., Series Editor, Nachtergaele, Bruno, Series Editor, and Arai, Asao

Published
2020
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149. Physical Correspondences in Quantum Field Theory

Author

Arai, Asao, Dito, Giuseppe, Series Editor, Frenkel, Edward, Series Editor, Gukov, Sergei, Series Editor, Kawahigashi, Yasuyuki, Series Editor, Kontsevich, Maxim, Series Editor, Landsman, Nicolaas P., Series Editor, Nachtergaele, Bruno, Series Editor, and Arai, Asao

Published
2020
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150. Mathematical Preliminaries

Author

Arai, Asao, Dito, Giuseppe, Series Editor, Frenkel, Edward, Series Editor, Gukov, Sergei, Series Editor, Kawahigashi, Yasuyuki, Series Editor, Kontsevich, Maxim, Series Editor, Landsman, Nicolaas P., Series Editor, Nachtergaele, Bruno, Series Editor, and Arai, Asao

Published
2020
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