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Objective: Sinonasal inverted papillomas are benign neoplasms of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. They have characteristic features such as a high risk of recurrence and possible malignant transformation. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between sinonasal inverted papilloma and inflammatory blood markers. Patients and Methods: Sixty-five patients who were diagnosed histologically as having sinonasal inverted papilloma and 65 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included in the study. Inflammatory blood markers such as neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR), red cell distribution width (RDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) of the patient and control groups were compared. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the patients and controls for white blood cell, platelet, hemoglobin, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts ( P > .05). No statistically significant difference was found between the patients and controls for NLR, PLR, RDW, MPV, and PDW ( P > .05). In the logistic regression analysis model, which was created to investigate the effects of inflammatory blood markers in determining the patient group, the increase in the NLR and decrease in the PLR were found to be statistically significant factors ( P = .008, P = .039). Conclusion: This is the first study in the literature to investigate the relationship between sinonasal inverted papilloma and inflammatory blood markers, and the results suggest that NLR and PLR may be used to distinguish patients with sinonasal inverted papilloma from controls.

Ovarian tumours are common neoplasms in females and have diverse histopathological entities as they are derived from different cells of origin. Histopathological patterns and incidence of 121 ovarian tumours were studied in Department of Pathology, JJMMC Davangere, during the period from January 2015 to December 2016. The age of the study subjects varied from 15 to 65 years, and the most common age group was between 31-40 years. Among the ovarian tumours 70.30% were benign neoplasms and 29.3 were malignant. The most common among the ovarian tumours was surface epithelial tumours which constitutes 74.4% of all ovarian tumours followed by germ cell tumours constituting 18.8% of all cases. The determination of these patterns is important for diagnosis, management and prognosis. Keywords: Benign tumours, Germ cell tumours, Malignant tumours, Ovarian tumours, Surface epithelial tumours.

INTRODUCTION: The epidemiological survey of the maxillofacial pathologies is of fundamental importance to prevention and treatment of these lesions. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to collect and analyze histopathological reports of biopsies sent to the Pathology Department, School of Dentistry from EBMSP. METHODS: A retrospective study of biopsies realized from 2001 to 2019 was conducted and the diagnoses of oral neoplasms and epithelial dysplasias were collected and analyzed. Data related to sex and age of the patients, location of the lesions, and clinical and histopathological diagnosis were recovered. RESULTS: From the total of 3.068 biopsies received in this period, the oral neoplasms corresponded to 7,31% of this total. Patients of the female sex (55,3%) and individuals between 25 and 64 years of age (60,3%) were most affected by neoplasms. The most common diagnosis among benign neoplasms was the ameloblastoma (20,3%) and the squamous cells carcinoma (67,2%) was the most frequent diagnosis in the group of malignant neoplasms. The anatomical location most affected by the neoplasms was the jaw (36,7%). The epithelial dysplasias corresponded to 3,8% of the sample, with a higher occurrence in the male sex (50,8%) and the age group between 25 and 64 years (61%); the anatomical location most affected was the palate (22,8%), and the mild epithelial dysplasia (68,6%) was the most common diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The present study highlights the importance of the epidemiological surveys to prevention and treatment of the maxillofacial lesions and emphasizes the necessity of the appropriate filling out of biopsies files.

Introducción: el uso de la teledermatología como herramienta diagnóstica está introduciéndose en la práctica diaria del dermatólogo. Múltiples factores explican el gran potencial que la teledermatología tiene en un país como el nuestro. Al momento, existen pocos estudios publicados acerca del tema y ninguno de ellos describe la aplicación y el impacto que generan los programas de teledermatología en nuestro medio. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional-retrospectivo, realizado en el programa de Teledermatología de la Universidad de Caldas entre 2002 y 2012. Se describieron las características sociodemográficas, la frecuencia de enfermedades, la concordancia entre los diagnósticos emitidos por el médico general y el dermatólogo, la capacidad resolutiva, los motivos de derivación a la consulta presencial y los problemas para emitir un diagnóstico. Resultados: se analizaron 4333 teleconsultas y 4713 diagnósticos. Los grupos de enfermedades más frecuentes en la teleconsulta fueron las enfermedades inflamatorias (49%), seguidos por las neoplasias benignas (19%). La concordancia diagnóstica fue del 52,4%. La capacidad resolutiva fue del 68,5%. El motivo de derivación más frecuente fue la confirmación diagnóstica. El 2,2% de los casos presentó dificultades en la teleconsulta. El principal motivo fueron los problemas con las imágenes fotográficas. Conclusión: las características sociodemográficas y las enfermedades consultadas presentan una distribución similar a la de otros estudios. La capacidad resolutiva es alta y evita más de la mitad de las derivaciones a la consulta presencial. En pocos casos se tuvieron inconvenientes para realizar la teleconsulta. El grado de concordancia con el diagnóstico del médico general es adecuado.

Human dirofilariasis is a parasitic disease, transmissible helminthiasis caused by parasitizing nematodes of the genus Dirofilaria, most often D. repens and D. immitis which occurs with a predominant lesion of the skin (63%), conjunctiva (50%), mucous membranes, subcutaneous tissue and less often – internal organs. The most frequent incidence of dirofilariasis is observed in regions with a warm, humid climate, and at temperatures below 14℃, dirofilariae stop developing. Human cutaneous dirofilariasis on the European continent is most often diagnosed in representatives of southern and eastern Europe. There are confirmed cases of dirofilariasis on the territory of the Republic of Belarus and neighboring countries. Quite often, this disease affects the maxillofacial region. The purpose of the work was to initiate infectious alertness when planning operations for the removal of benign neoplasms in the maxillofacial region and inform medical specialists about the possibility of developing dirofilariasis of the specified localization, its clinical manifestations and objective diagnostic methods. Material and methods. The object of observation was a 34-year-old female patient R. with maxillofacial dirofilariasis. The subject of the study is the medical record of an inpatient patient R. Results and discussion. At the pre-hospital stage, patient R. underwent a general clinical examination. All indicators of the tests were within the age norm. According to the results of radiation examination methods, no data confirming the parasitic etiology of the disease was obtained. Taking into account the presence of a rounded formation about 1.0-1.2 cm in diameter which is slightly displaced relative to the underlying and surrounding soft tissues, the patient was offered surgical treatment. During the operation, a rounded self-moving helminth was extracted from the formation, about 11.0 cm long and 0.15 cm in diameter. After the helminth was identified, the patient was diagnosed with dirofilariasis. This should be taken into account in the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects when working with patients who have tumor processes in the maxillofacial region. Conclusion. The presented clinical observation shows that in the practice of a dental surgeon and a maxillofacial surgeon, it is increasingly possible to deal with the localization of helminth in the maxillofacial region which simulates a neoplasm which must be taken into account when conducting diagnostics, differential diagnosis and preoperative preparation. The results of the described case are aimed at developing infectious alertness when planning surgical interventions to remove benign neoplasms in the maxillofacial region, developing a rational diagnostic scheme and differential diagnosis for patients with suspected dirofilariasis and other parasitic lesions of the maxillofacial region

Background The aims of this study were to describe the clinical findings of patients that suffered teeth displacement into the maxillary sinus, and to report the surgical technique used to solve this complication. Material and Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted involving patients that suffered a displacement of teeth into the maxillary sinus. Demographic and clinical data were recorded from the affected patients and a descriptive statistical analysis was made of the study variables. Results A total of nine patients were enrolled, six males (66.7%) and three females (33.3%), with a mean age of 36.0 years (range 22-54). In five patients (55.5%) the displaced teeth remained asymptomatic; however, dental fragments were retrieved from the maxillary sinus using Caldwell-Luc technique or endoscopic approach. Conclusions Dental displacement into the maxillary sinus during the extraction manoeuvres is an uncommon finding. Even in asymptomatic cases, these displaced teeth should be extracted in order to avoid the development of sinus pathology. Key words:Maxillary sinus, dental root fragment, accidental tooth displacement, extraction, surgical complications, Caldwell-Luc.

Benign or malignant tumors of the epididymis are extremely rare. Fibroids of the epididymis and scrotal tissues are rare benign neoplasms. Over the past 10 years, there have been isolated cases in the medical literature describing fibroids of the epididymis and testicular membranes. This article describes a clinical case of surgical treatment of a tumor of the epididymis.

Benign neoplasms of the bladder are a rare pathology. Non-epithelial benign tumors of the bladder (fibromas, fibromyxomas, fibromyomas, hemangiomas, rhabdomyomas, leiomyomas, etc.) account for less than 0.5% of all that affect this organ. The analyzed literature describes about 250 cases of bladder leiomyoma. This article describes the clinical case of surgical treatment of bladder leiomyoma.

Glomus tumors or paragangliomas are rare benign neoplasms which are very uncommon in the head and neck region. They grow slowly from paraganglion cells, which serve various regulatory tasks in the body and form the basis of the extra-adrenal neuroendocrine system. They have benign properties, but tend to cause local invasion and expansion to adjacent anatomic structures. The majority of glomus tumor cases are incidental findings, since the clinical symptoms are mostly absent. The purpose of this paper is to distinguish the ultrasonographic features of different glomus tumors located within the neck region, based on their varying anatomical location and space occupying behavior.

Elastofibroma dorsi (ED) is a rare, benign soft tissue tumor which often occurs in the subscapular region of elderly individuals and shows a female predominance. While many patients remain asymptomatic, ED can cause pain in the periscapular region. The clinical signs of ED are non-specific and variable which can result in misdiagnoses; it is often confused with rotator cuff and cervical spine pathologies. In this article, we present the case of a 78-year-old female patient with persistent back and shoulder pain. The patient was admitted to various clinics over a number of years for diagnostic investigations and treatment. However, the true etiology of back pain was never established and treatments were applied without any positive effect. Finally, when the patient presented to our clinic, a mass was detected in the right subscapular region. Thoracic computed tomography imaging was consistent with a diagnosis of ED. Due to the patient's persistent back pain, surgical excision of the tumor was performed. The pathology report confirmed the diagnosis. This case emphasizes the importance of a thorough examination in patients who may initially only have very subtle signs of the underlying pathology. This case also highlights the importance of re-visiting initial evaluations and differential diagnoses when faced with a difficult case of persistent back and shoulder pain so to avoid misdiagnoses and unnecessary treatments.

Glomus tumors are rare, benign neoplasms arising from components of the glomus apparatus. They are uncommon in the foot, often leading to misdiagnosis or a delay in diagnosis. This can have a significant impact on a patient’s quality of life and may result in incorrect surgical procedures being performed. Correct recognition leads to timeous diagnosis and marginal excision, which is curative. A glomus tumor should be considered in patients with no obvious cause for localized, severe foot pain. We report two different presentations of a glomus tumor in the foot. Level of Evidence V; Therapeutic Studies; Expert Opinion.

Purpose of review Uterine fibroids are the most common benign neoplasms of the female reproductive tract and one of the major public health concerns. Although most women with uterine fibroids are asymptomatic, over 30% of them will present with varying symptoms. This review focuses on the role of non-hormonal mediators and pathways in uterine fibroid biology. Furthermore, it provides data regarding the most recent findings in the field of compounds, which use those non-hormonal pathways in the medical therapy of uterine fibroids. Recent findings Complex signaling pathway alterations are crucial for uterine fibroid development. The topic of the pathophysiology of uterine fibroids focuses mostly on steroids and other hormones. However, other very important pathways exist, and some of them are independent of hormones. Some of the most important pathways, which are non-hormonal, but in some cases still hormone-depended, include growth factors, cytokines and inflammation, Smad proteins, wingless type/β-catenin and others. Summary Much more is known about hormonal than about non-hormonal signaling in uterine fibroids. Growth factors, early life exposure and inflammation are key factors in uterine fibroid biology. Numerous agents depend on those pathways and may find their place in the current and future therapy of uterine fibroids.

A variety of conditions may mimic hepatic malignancy at MRI. These include benign hepatic tumors and tumor-like entities such as focal nodular hyperplasia-like lesions, hepatocellular adenoma, hepatic infections, inflammatory pseudotumor, vascular entities, and in the cirrhotic liver, confluent fibrosis, and hypertrophic pseudomass. These conditions demonstrate MRI features that overlap with hepatic malignancy, and can be challenging for radiologists to diagnose accurately. In this review we discuss the MRI manifestations of various conditions that mimic hepatic malignancy, and highlight features that may allow distinction from malignancy. Level of Evidence 5 Technical Efficacy Stage 3.

A 43-year-old white male sought treatment for swelling of the left brow, which started after sustaining direct blunt trauma to the left bony orbit 6 months prior. Magnetic resonance imaging with contrast showed a 5.6 × 2.7 mm T1 bright focus at the anterior aspect of the left supraorbital rim. On the postgadolinium fat-saturated axial T1 images, the lesion demonstrated fat signal but was not suppressed in T1 with fat suppression. Upon excision, the lesion was found to be an encapsulated orbital rim lipoma, which was unexpected given the hyperintensity on T1 with fat suppressed magnetic resonance imaging. The lesion did not return after excision. Orbital lipomas are rare benign neoplasms with only a handful of cases in literature. This is the first report of a posttraumatic encapsulated lipoma presenting on the brow or orbit. Although rare, lipomas should be on the differential of post-traumatic lesions affecting the orbit and the orbital rim.

Purpose To describe the incidence and risk factors of communication, swallowing, and orofacial myofunctional disorders in a cohort of children and adolescents with cancer and benign neoplasms. Methods A prospective cohort study conducted with children aged ⩾ 2 years and adolescents of both genders admitted at the Pediatric Oncology Department of the Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA) between March 2014 and April 2015. Study participants were submitted to a Speech-Language Pathology (SLP) assessment at three different times: (T1) at hospital admission; (T2) six months after admission; (T3) one year after admission. Results One hundred and sixty individuals were evaluated. At the time of hospital admission, 68 individuals (42.5%) presented with some type of SLP disorder. After one year of follow-up, 22.8% of the patients had developed new impairments. The occurrence of new speech-language disorders had a statistically significant association with the tumor site. In the risk analysis for the development of speech-language disorders with respect to the primary tumor site, compared to other sites, the central nervous system (CNS) tumor group was 8.29 times more likely to present some new alterations, while the head and neck (HN) tumor group had a 10.36-fold higher risk. Conclusion An incidence of 22.8% for communication, swallowing, and orofacial myofunctional disorders was observed. The development of these disorders was greater in individuals with tumors in the CNS and in the HN region.

Intra-abdominal fibromatosis is uncommon benign neoplasms which originate from musculoaponeurotic structures of the body and primarily affect the mesentery or retroperitoneum. However, rarely, they can arise from the intestinal wall and mimic gastrointestinal malignant neoplasm. A rare case of proliferative fibroblastic lesion involving the appendix and mesoappendix presenting as RIF mass with its origin, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis as a case is discussed here.

Granular cell tumours (GCTs) are generally benign neoplasms, which are believed to be of neural origin. They are uncommon in the gastrointestinal tract. They are rarely found in the colon and even more rarely found to be multiple. We present a case of a man who underwent a right hemicolectomy for a submucosal lesion and polyps and was found to have multiple nodules diagnosed as caecal GCTs with cellular atypia. While uncommon, this case shows it remains an important differential due to implications for patient management, given the often benign nature of disease.

Patients with non-supernumerary ring chromosome 7 syndrome have an increased incidence of hemangiomas, cafe-au-lait spots, and melanocytic nevi. The mechanism for the increased incidence of these benign neoplasms is unknown. We present the case of a 22-year-old man with ring chromosome 7 and multiple melanocytic nevi. Two nevi, one on the right ear and the other on the right knee, were biopsied and diagnosed as desmoplastic Spitz nevi. Upon targeted next-generation DNA sequencing, both harbored BRAF fusions. Copy number alterations and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for BRAF suggested that the fusions arose on the ring chromosome 7. Hence, one reason for increased numbers of nevi in patients with non-supernumerary ring chromosome 7 syndrome may be increased likelihood of BRAF fusions, due to the instability of the ring chromosome.

Optic nerve sheath meningiomas (ONSM) are benign neoplasms found surrounding the optic nerve that can affect vision, and potentially lead to blindness. The use of radiotherapy has been advocated to improve visual outcomes and minimize the risk of complications. We present a case of a 58-year-old woman who was treated with a second course of radiotherapy 27-years after initial radiotherapy for recurrent ONSM. The patient responded well to the second course of radiotherapy with good clinical and visual outcomes. This case report supports evidence that treatment with radiotherapy can improve visual outcomes in patients with recurrent ONSM with mild to moderate re-irradiation-related side effects.

Intracranial mature cystic teratomas are benign neoplasms that commonly occur at the midline. Mature cystic teratomas at the cerebellopontine (CP) angle are very rare. They are unique germ cell tumours curable by safe total surgical resection and have good prognosis. This case report documents the clinical, radiological, histological features and operative findings of mature cystic teratoma at CP angle.We present a rare case of a mature cystic teratoma at the CP angle in a 24-year-old woman who presented with brainstem compression and cranial nerve deficits. Brain MRI showed atypical findings like hyperintense areas in both T1 and T2 weighted images, calcification and diffusion restriction in part of the lesion. She underwent near total resection of the tumour via right retrosigmoid approach. Intraoperatively, the lesion was intra-arachnoidal unlike schwannomas and the cyst contained sebum-like material, fibrous areas with calcification which are unusual features of common CP angle tumours. Histopathological examination showed well differentiated mature tissues from all three germinal layers and confirmed the diagnosis of a mature cystic teratoma arising from the right CP angle. Patient had good outcome with neurologic recovery.Mature cystic teratoma is a rare clinical entity and should be considered in patients with CP angle tumours when there are atypical findings in brain MRI imaging. Cysts with sebum-like material, fibrous areas with calcification and poor tumour-arachnoid plane intraoperatively strongly suggest the possibility of mature cystic teratoma.

We report a case of multiple bilateral pulmonary myofibromas in an asymptomatic 76-year-old man, who was referred to our institution for investiagtion of incidentally discovered pulmonary nodules, orginially suspected to represent pulmonary metastases. Myofibromas are unusual benign neoplasms, infrequent in adults, and rarely affecting the lungs. Pulmonary neurofibromas can mimic lung metastases and their diagnosis requires histopathological assessment.

Background Adult intussusception is a relatively rare clinical entity. The majority of cases of intussusception in adults are due to a pathologic condition that serves as a lead point and requires surgery. Small bowel intussusception is usually caused by benign or malignant neoplasms appearing at the head of the invagination. Inflammatory fibroid polyp (IFP) of the small bowel is an unusual benign neoplastic lesion that has been rarely reported to cause intussusception, especially in the jejunum. Case presentation We present a rare case of adult intussusception who presented with a triad of intestinal obstruction. Computed tomography revealed small bowel intussusception with bowel ischemia. Intraoperatively, she required resection of the small bowel and primary anastomosis. Macroscopic examination revealed a single pedunculated polyp, which is the lead point of intestinal obstruction and confirmed histologically. Conclusion Inflammatory fibroid polyp should be considered as a cause of intussusception among adults with small bowel obstruction., Highlights • IFP must be considered among adults with small bowel intussusception. • Surgery is the mainstay of treatment in obstructed small bowel intussusception. • Histological examination with immunohistochemistry is warranted to establish the final diagnosis.

Tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TGCTs) are benign neoplasms that arise from the synovium of tendon sheaths, bursae, and joints. We report a rare presentation of TGCT involving the suboccipital spine.

Introduction Adrenal myelolipoma is a rare, non-functional, benign neoplasm which is constituted of mature haematopoietic elements and adipose tissues in various proportions. It is diagnosed accidentally and frequently with the widespread use of imaging modalities. Presentation of case We report a 63-year-old lady with incidental findings of adrenal tumour on computed tomography (CT) scan during a routine medical check-up. She underwent tumour resection in view of a large tumour of 7 cm in size. Discussion CT scan is sensitive to diagnose adrenal myelolipoma in view of its fat-laden property and useful to monitor the tumour progress. Even previously she opted for conservative management; the decision for surgery was made in view of enlarging tumour and risk of surrounding tissue compression. Conclusion With increased awareness, the detection rate of this tumour is improving, hence able to prevent the complications of a large tumour such as compression, bleeding and tumour necrosis.

There are many diagnostic methods to assist clinicians in assessing adnexal masses on ultrasound. After suggesting a standardized terminology and measurement technique to evaluate adnexal masses, the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) group has developed different strategies such as the Simple Rules and Assessment of Different Neoplasias in the adneXa (ADNEX) model, which have been shown to outperform other available methods. Besides differentiating between benign neoplasms and malignancies, the ADNEX model can also give the predicted risk for different subtypes of malignant adnexal masses, which is clinically very relevant for guiding patient management.

espanolIntroduccion. La patologia quirurgica que comprende a la glandula tiroides en pacientes pediatricos es poco frecuente, pero de presentarse se debe considerar la posibilidad de neoplasias malignas que es mas probable en la edad pediatrica. Objetivo. Describir las caracteristicas pre y post quirurgicas de los pacientes pediatricos operados de la glandula tiroides. Metodos. Se revisaron las historias clinicas de los pacientes intervenidos quirurgicamente con patologia quistica, neoplasica o inflamatoria de la glandula tiroides entre enero del 2008 a enero del 2017. Resultados. Se intervinieron 60 casos, siendo el sexo femenino el predominante con el 80% de los casos y el 56,6% entre 13 a 16 anos. Las neoplasias benignas correspondieron al 51,7% del total. La cirugia mas realizada fue la hemitiroidectomia con el 60% y en segundo lugar la reseccion de la glandula remanente para completar la tiroidectomia total. Hubo dos casos con hipocalcemia transitoria, y un caso con hipocalcemia permanente y ademas paralisis de cuerdas vocales que requirio traqueostomia. Conclusion. El tratamiento de las neoplasias o quistes tiroideos es eminentemente quirurgico, con una minima morbilidad y menor mortalidad. Los tumores de la glandula tiroides no son de presentacion excepcional en pacientes pediatricos. EnglishIntroduction. The surgical pathology that involves the thyroid gland in pediatric patients has less presentation that adults, but if presented, the possibility of malignancies should be taken into consideration despite the age of the patient. Objective. To describe the previous and posterior surgical characteristics of the pediatric patients who underwent thyroid gland surgery. Methods. Clinical histories of the patients surgically treated with cystic, neoplastic or inflammatory pathology of the thyroid gland between january 2008 and january 2017 were reviewed. Results. Sixty cases were intervened, being the female sex the predominant with 80% of the cases and 56,6% between 13 to 16 years. The benign neoplasms correspond to 51,7% of the total. The hemithyroidectomy was the most realized surgery with 60% of the cases and in second place the resection of the remaining gland to complete the total thyroidectomy. We had two cases with transient hypocalcemia, and in one case permanent hypocalcemia with vocal cord paralysis, that required a tracheotomy. Conclusion. The treatment of neoplasms or thyroid cysts is eminently surgical, with minimal morbidity and lower mortality. Tumors of the thyroid gland are not exceptional presentation in pediatric patients.

Objective Enchondromas are the commonest tumors of the bones of the hand. Treatment approaches vary. The present article presents the characteristics of the tumors, diagnostic methods, and treatments. Methods We discuss the approach used in our institution, where we have treated 48 patients with enchondromas of the hand between 1996 and 2016. Our technique of treatment, which has remained the same over 2 decades, comprises the use of curettage, high-speed burr, and autologous bone graft (harvested with a minimally invasive technique, using a Craig biopsy needle). Results Pain and fractures were the most common symptoms leading the patients to consultation, at frequencies of 33.3% and 31.3%, respectively. A total of 27.1% of the cases were asymptomatic, and their lesions were discovered incidentally. The mean age was 34.4 years (SD = 12.9 years). Tumors were more frequently presented in the ulnar side of the hand, in the fifth ray (41.5%) and in the proximal bones (in the proximal phalanges [43.8%], and in the metacarpal [33.3%]). The size of the tumors ranged from 0.2 cm 2 to 5.7 cm 2 , with a mean of 1.7 cm 2 (standard deviation [SD] = 1.0 cm 2 ) and were not associated with fracture ( p = 0.291). Fracture was also not associated with any of the symptoms, neither with the age of the patients ( p = 0.964). After the treatment, most patients achieved full range of motion (91.7%), with good integration of the bone graft. Three patients presented deficit in range of motion (6.3%) and the incidence of complications was also 6.3% (3 patients). At the end, after the needed surgical revisions, these three patients also recovered full function. They achieved full bone graft integration, regained full range of motion and returned to work. There was no tumor recurrence case during the follow-up period evaluated. For all cases, no donor site complications occurred. Conclusion Our method of treatment has consistently provided good outcomes, with only a few minor complications. Therapeutic level of evidence: IV.

Cystic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is almost certainly overdiagnosed and overtreated. Efforts to diagnose and treat RCC at a curable stage result in many benign neoplasms and indolent cancers being resected without clear benefit. This is especially true for cystic masses, which compared with solid masses are more likely to be benign and, when malignant, less aggressive. For more than 30 years, the Bosniak classification has been used to stratify the risk of malignancy in cystic renal masses. Although it is widely used and still effective, the classification does not formally incorporate masses identified at MRI or US or masses that are incompletely characterized but are highly likely to be benign, and it is affected by interreader variability and variable reported malignancy rates. The Bosniak classification system cannot fully differentiate aggressive from indolent cancers and results in many benign masses being resected. This proposed update to the Bosniak classification addresses some of these shortcomings. The primary modifications incorporate MRI, establish definitions for previously vague imaging terms, and enable a greater proportion of masses to enter lower-risk classes. Although the update will require validation, it aims to expand the number of cystic masses to which the Bosniak classification can be applied while improving its precision and accuracy for the likelihood of cancer in each class.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a rare medical condition that raises the probability of having distinct types of malignant and benign neoplasms. Nevertheless, the association with breast cancer is rare, and metachronic neoplasia with a distinct histologic subtype is an association that has never been reported before. Here we describe a case of a primary breast tumor, with posterior development of basal cell carcinoma of the skin, and a low-grade peripheral nerve sheath sarcoma.

Aims & Objectives:(1) To know about various histopathological types of ovarian lesions presented and diagnosed at our institute. (2) To study the incidence of ovarian lesions with respect to patient’s age. (3) To study the frequency of ovarian lesions in terms of non-neoplastic or neoplastic, benign or malignant, unilateral or bilateral, etc. Materials & Methods: The present study was performed at the Department of Pathology, GMERS Medical College & Hospital-Junagadh (Gujarat, India) from January 2015 to December 2018 and includes 100 cases of ovarian lesions diagnosed on both clinical & histopathological basis. We have received ovarian specimens and performed routine grossing and H& E staining procedure. We have included parameters like Age wise incidence, Nature of Lesion, Frequency & Laterality in this present study. Results: Out of100 cases, 89% are unilateral and 11% are bilateral. 52% lesions are Benign Neoplasms, 44% lesions are Non-neoplastic Cysts and 4% lesions are Borderline & Malignant Neoplasms. Majority of cases (58%) belong to age group of 20-39 years. Among Non-neoplastic Lesions, Follicular Cyst is common & frequently bilateral while among Benign Neoplasms, Serous Cystadenoma is common & frequently bilateral. Conclusion: Ovarian Lesions both non-neoplastic and neoplastic include a variety of morphological features and show a particular age wise incidence. Role of histopathological evaluation remains always important in both diagnosis & management of such cases, particularly in cases of Malignant Lesions in order to save the patient’s life.

Proliferating tricholemmal tumors (PTTs) are rare benign neoplasms that arise from the outer sheath of a hair follicle. Occasionally, these PTTs undergo malignant transformation to become malignant proliferating tricholemmal tumors (MPTTs). Little is known about the molecular alterations, malignant progression, and management of MPTTs. Here, we describe the case of a 58-year-old female that had a widely metastatic MPTT that harbored an activating PIK3CA mutation and was sensitive to the PI3K inhibitor, alpelisib (BYL719). We review the available literature on metastatic MPTT, detail the patient’s course, and present a whole genome analysis of this rare tumor.

Background To describe the epidemiology of surgically treated meningiomas and compare the results with previously published studies. Methods We processed the French medico-administrative national hospital discharge summary database, Programme de Medicalisation des Systemes d’Information (PMSI) using an algorithm combining the type of surgical procedure and codes from the International Classification of Diseases to retrieve appropriate cases of meningiomas operated between 2008 and 2016. Results This nationwide study found 25,737 cases of operated meningiomas. Global incidence of operated meningiomas equals 4.51, 95%CI[4.46–4.57] for 100 000 person-years and increased over the last 9 years. Benign neoplasms account for 91.3%, neoplasms of uncertain or unknown behaviour for 6.2% and malignant for 2.5%. There is a decrement of female over male ratios as the malignancy potential progresses. Incidence of operated meningiomas was 3 times more frequent in women than men. Mean age at surgery was 57.6 years for women and 59.5 for men. The incidence of meningioma surgery increases with age and is maximal for the 60–64 years category. Only 0.4% of operated patients were under 18 years. Meningioma surgeries of the cranial convexity and the middle skull base are the most common. Conclusion The PMSI database is a reliable and effective source for studying the epidemiology of surgically treated meningiomas, including the precise location of the tumour. Our findings comfort previous studies and are comparatively correlated. This may assert the usefulness of such a database to investigate the patients’ outcome after meningioma surgery.

Middle ear adenomatous neuroendocrine tumors (MEANT) are rare, mainly benign neoplasms and account for less than 2% of the middle and inner ear neoplasms. There are no specific radiological or clinical findings; therefore, the diagnosis is often difficult. Biopsy prior to surgery is often proposed. The definite treatment is the complete surgical resection. We present an uncommon clinical report of a MEANT, which was treated successfully with surgical excision.

Mature teratomas are unique and generally benign neoplasms. They are derived from embryonic tissues and typically located within the gonadal region. Primary retroperitoneal teratomas are uncommon in adults and often challenging to treat, given their location and size. Here, we offer a rare case of a large primary retroperitoneal mature cystic teratoma, detected on abdominal ultrasound during the work-up of abdominal bloating and nausea and treated with robot-assisted laparoscopic excision in a 58-year-old male. In this report, we sought to describe the evaluation, treatment, and follow-up of this condition, as well as review the associated literature.