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101. Terrestrial deuterium-to-hydrogen ratio in water in hyperactive comets

Author: Lis, Dariusz C., primary, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, additional, Güsten, Rolf, additional, Biver, Nicolas, additional, Stutzki, Jürgen, additional, Delorme, Yan, additional, Durán, Carlos, additional, Wiesemeyer, Helmut, additional, and Okada, Yoko, additional
Published: 2019
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102. An Evolutionary Turbulent Model of Saturn's Subnebula: Implications for the Origin of the Atmosphere of Titan

Author: Mousis, Olivier, Gautier, Daniel, and Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique
Published: 2002
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103. THERMAL INFRARED SPECTRA OF COMET HALE–BOPP AT HELIOCENTRIC DISTANCES OF 4 AND 2.9 AU

Author: DAVIES, JOHN K., GEBALLE, THOMAS R., HANNER, MARTHA S., WEAVER, H. A., CROVISIER, JACQUES, and BOCKELÉE-MORVAN, DOMINIQUE
Published: 1997

104. Post-perihelion SWAS Observations of Water Vapor in the Coma of Comet C/1999 H1 (Lee)

Author: Chiu, Kuenley, Neufeld, David A., Bergin, Edwin A., Melnick, Gary J., Patten, Brian M., Wang, Zhong, and Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique
Published: 2001
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105. Rapidly Varying Anisotropic Methanol (CH3OH) Production in the Inner Coma of Comet 46P/Wirtanen as Revealed by the ALMA Atacama Compact Array.

Author: Roth, Nathan X., Milam, Stefanie N., Cordiner, Martin A., Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, DiSanti, Michael A., Boissier, Jérémie, Biver, Nicolas, Crovisier, Jacques, Russo, Neil Dello, Bonev, Boncho P., Chunhua Qi, Remijan, Anthony J., Charnley, Steven B., Gibb, Erika L., de Val-Borro, Miguel, and Jehin, Emmanuël
Published: 2021
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106. Pluto's atmosphere with ALMA: disk-resolved observations of CO and HCN, and first detection of HNC

Author: Lellouch, Emmanuel, Gurwell, Mark A., Moreno, Raphaël, Lavvas, Panayiotis, Butler, Bryan J., Strobel, Darell, Fouchet, Thierry, Moullet, Arielle, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Biver, Nicolas, and Henry, Florence
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: Following our detection of HCN(4-3) and CO(3-2) in 2015 (Lellouch et al. 2017), we pursued our exploration of Pluto's atmosphere with ALMA. On July 30, 2017, we obtained maps of these CO and HCN emissions, with a 96 x 54 mas beam providing some spatial resolution of the Pluto disk in the North-South direction. On April 27, 2017, we explored portions of the 256.1-259.1 and 271.9-273.8 GHz spectrum, searching for HNC, CH3CN, and H13CN in disk-averaged observations. The highlight of this search was the detection of the HNC(3-2) line at 271.98 GHz, which appears as a narrow emission with a 15 mJy contrast. This first identification of HNC in Pluto's atmosphere reinforces the similarity to Titan's upper atmosphere, where HNC has been also observed (Moreno et al. 2011). Data interpretation in terms of (i) the spatial distribution of CO and HCN emissions (ii) the HNC abundance/vertical distribution, including comparison with photochemical models, will be presented.
Published: 2018

107. Interpretation of VIRTIS/Rosetta surface spectra of comet 67P from laboratory reflectance measurements of cometary analogues, including iron sulfides

Author: Rousseau, Batiste, Erard, Stéphane, Beck, P., Quirico, Éric, Schmitt, Bernard, Brissaud, O., Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Filacchione, Gianrico, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Leyrat, Cédric, Ciarniello, Mauro, Raponi, Andrea, Kappel, David, Arnold, Gabriele, Moroz, Lyuba V., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, INAF (IAPS), and Institute of Planetary Research, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
Subjects: Asteroiden und Kometen, 67P, composition, Leitungsbereich PF, Rosetta, VIRTIS, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], laboratory
Abstract: The Rosetta spacecraft has been orbiting the comet 67P from August 2014 to September 2016 with the aim to understand better the activity, the evolution and the surface processes of the nucleus. The VIRTIS spectrometer [1] has acquired reflectance spectra from two channels: VIRTIS-M, an imaging-spectrometer, ranging from 0.25 μm to 5.1 μm with ~2 nm and ~10 nm resolution (resp. in the VIS and IR) and VIRTIS-H, a point spectrometer ranging from 1.9 μm to 5.1 μm with a ~10 times higher spectral resolution than VIRTIS-M. The goal of this study is to reproduce the spectral behavior of the surface as observed by VIRTIS in the range 0.4 μm - 2.7 μm. For this purpose, we measured reflectance spectra of cometary analogs produced in the lab from iron sulphides, coal and silicates.
Published: 2017

108. Laboratory spectral reflectance studies aimed at providing clues to composition of refractory phases of comet 67P/CG's nucleus

Author: Moroz, Lyuba V., Markus, Kathrin, Arnold, Gabriele, Henkel, D., Kappel, David, Schade, Ulrich, Ciarniello, Mauro, Rousseau, Batiste, Quirico, Éric, Schmitt, Bernard, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Filacchione, Gianrico, Erard, Stéphane, Leyrat, Cédric, Longobardo, Andrea, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Institute of Planetary Research, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (HZB), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, INAF (IAPS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
Subjects: Asteroiden und Kometen, 67P, Leitungsbereich PF, Rosetta, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Composition, Laboratory
Abstract: International audience; We present 0.3-5 micron reflectance spectra of well-characterized powdered crystalline materials (Fe-sulfides, Mg-silicates), natural complex hydrocarbons and their mixtures that can serve as spectral analogues of comet 67P/CG's refractory phases. We study the ability of Fe-sulfides to suppress absorption bands of other cometary refractory components and to affect spectral slopes and reflectance values of the 67P/CG surface at different wavelengths from the near-UV to the IR. We investigate the evolution of organic absorption bands as a function of sulfide content in the mixtures and the possibility for detection of individual C-H stretching bands in reflectance spectra of 67P/CG.
Published: 2017

109. Summer outbursts in the coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as observed by VIRTIS-M

Author: Rinaldi, Giovanna, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Ciarniello, Mauro, Tozzi, Gian Paolo, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Filacchione, Gianrico, Fink, Uwe, Doose, Lyn, Raponi, Andrea, Capria, Maria Teresa, Erard, Stéphane, Leyrat, Cédric, Longobardo, Andrea, Taylor, Frederic W., IAPS-INAF, C.F. 97220210583, Roma, Italy, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Firenze, Italy, Lunar Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA, and Oxford University
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; In this work, we present an analysis of the outbursts observed by VIRTIS-M for the dates of August 10, September 13 and 14 2015, when the comet was at heliocentric distances of -1.2 AU (inbound) to 1.3 AU (outbound), 2 day before and one month after the perihelion passage respectively. They are characterized by a sudden and short increase of the dust emission, from localized areas with variable degree of collimation, followed by a sweet decrease of activity. The lifetime is between 5 and 15 minutes and the corresponding radiance at 0.55 mum is typically of the order of 10-2 - 1 Watt/m2/str/mum, i.e. 10-20 times larger than the surrounding coma. VIRTIS-M identified 2 main dust plumes morphologies associated to these events: a narrow jet and a broad plumes. We found clear evidence of different colour values in the ouburst with respect to the surrounding coma. This implies that we observed dust with different physical characteristics both in the structures and in the coma. The comparison between IR (VIRTIS-H) and VIS (VIRTISM) observations allows to derive the projected velocity of the small dust grain obtaining 23 -40 m/s. It is also possible to estimate the total mass loss in the outburst, by converting the radiance over an image to a dust cross section, and then to mass assuming a dust size distribution with a power law index of -3. For September 14 large event we estimated a total ejected dust mass of few tens tons as found by Vincent et al. 2016.
Published: 2017

110. Photometry as indicator of comets' surface roughness

Author: Longobardo, Andrea, Palomba, Ernesto, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Ciarniello, Mauro, Tosi, Federico, Mottola, Stefano, Moroz, Lyuba V., Filacchione, Gianrico, Raponi, Andrea, Quirico, Éric, Zinzi, Angelo, Capria, Maria Teresa, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Erard, Stéphane, Leyrat, Cédric, Rinaldi, Giovanna, Dirri, F., Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana-Science Data Center (ASI-ASDC), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; We study the photometric behavior of the 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko comet by means of Rosetta/VIRTIS data. Comparison with other comets and among different regions of 67P/CG shows a relation between steepness of phase function and surface roughness.
Published: 2017

111. Spectral analyses of asteroids' linear features

Author: Longobardo, Andrea, Palomba, Ernesto, Scully, J. E. C., de Sanctis, Maria Cristina, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Tosi, Federico, Zinzi, Angelo, Galiano, A., Ammannito, Eleonora, Filacchione, Gianrico, Ciarniello, Mauro, Raponi, Andrea, Zambon, F., Capria, Maria Teresa, Erard, Stéphane, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Leyrat, Cédric, Dirri, F., Nardi, L., Raymond, Carol A., Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), ASDC-ASI, Rome, Italy, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (JPL)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; Linear features are commonly found on small bodies and can have a geomorphic or tectonic origin. Generally, these features are studied by means of morphological analyses. Here we propose a spectroscopic analyses of linear features of different asteroids visited by space missions, in order to search for correspondence between spectral properties and origin of linear features.
Published: 2017

112. Water and carbon dioxide production in 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko: comparison with VIRTIS-M observations

Author: Capria, Maria Teresa, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Filacchione, Gianrico, Migliorini, Alessandra, de Sanctis, Maria Cristina, Ciarniello, Mauro, Formisano, Michelangelo, Longobardo, Andrea, Piccioni, Giuseppe, Raponi, Andrea, Tosi, Federico, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Erard, Stéphane, Leyrat, Cédric, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; The VIRTIS spectrometer on the Rosetta mission performed infrared observations of the coma of the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, detecting water and carbon dioxide emissions. Through the use of a thermophysical model, we are willing to see if the different behaviour of water and carbon dioxide outgassing above the surface, seen in the VIRTIS data, might be indicative of a different thermal history of the northern and southern hemispheres of 67P or reflects instead a primordial compositional difference. Preliminary analysis suggest that the internal composition is quite homogeneous, and that the differences observed by VIRTIS and other instruments can be interpreted and reproduced by considering the thermal and illumination history of the comet along its orbit.
Published: 2017

113. The temporal evolution of exposed water ice-rich areas on the surface of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko: thermal analysis

Author: Raponi, Andrea, Filacchione, Gianrico, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Tosi, Federico, Ciarniello, Mauro, Formisano, Michelangelo, de Sanctis, Maria Cristina, Capria, Maria Teresa, Barucci, Maria Antonella, Longobardo, Andrea, Palomba, Ernesto, Erard, Stéphane, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Leyrat, Cédric, IAPS - INAF, Roma, Italy, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; We perform a thermal analysis of three icy patches on the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in order to derive the total mass of water ice sublimated, and the thickness of the ice-rich layer. We obtained an upper limit of 200 kg per square meter. The mass sublimated expressed as thickness of a pure water ice layer is about 20 cm.
Published: 2017

114. The composition of comets : clues to solar system formation

Author: Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

115. Correlation of Comet 67P/CG'S Morphology with the Occurrence of Exposed Water Ice Patches

Author: Arnold, Gabriele, Weller, D., Zeilinger, G., Kappel, David, Hviid, Stubbe F., Kührt, Ekkehard, Moroz, Lyuba V., Markus, Kathrin, Henckel, D., Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Filacchione, Gianrico, Erard, Stéphane, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, DLR, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, INAF (IAPS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; Introduction: Comet 67P's surface is quite homogeneously covered by dark refractory materials rich in organics [1,2]. Rare water ice expo- sures on the surface, most likely originating from sub-surface layers, have recently been discovered [3,4]. Such H2O ice patches on 67P's Imhotep region in the pre-perihelion phase were ex- amined and related to the local morphology to understand the exposure mechanisms [5]. Methods: H2O ice was identified in two study areas using characteristic H2O spectral features observed by the VIRTIS-M instrument [1]: absorption bands at 1.04, 1.25, 1.52, 2.02, 2.96 mum, and the VIS spectral slope (0.5-0.8 mum). Corresponding normalized spectral indicators were projected onto a 3D digital shape model (DSM) of 67P [6], along with high spatial resolution images acquired by OSIRIS [7] for morphological context. Results and conclusions: The 2.0-mum absorption band proved to be the most sensitive H2O indicator in the IR. Flat (bluer) normalized VIS slopes correlate very well with depths of H2O ice absorption bands. The DSM projections show a significant spatial correlation between spectral H2O indicators and morphological features. H2O ice deposits were identified in two areas, each extending over hundreds of square meters. Both are located at the bases of steep-sloped (>60°) walls of Consolidated Cometary Material (CCM) on debris falls that came to rest on moderately inclined (20°-30°) terrain, pointing towards gravitational lows. Both deposits are located in poorly illuminated areas due to shadowing from close-by steep walls. The morphological and photometrical properties of these deposits appear to be stable over months. Spectral modeling [3,4] indicated the presence of large (mm-sized) H2O ice grains. Such grains form through vapor diffusion in ice-rich colder layers or by sintering and are exposed by erosion [3]. The CCM in both study areas was fractured and weakened by thermal fatigue and sublimation, leading to the collapse of overhangs in one single event or in small steps over a longer time. For study area 1 this interpretation is supported by a small remnant H2O ice patch in the upper part of the steep wall indicating the original location of the collapse overhang. Sinkhole-structures on the CCM in study area 2 indicate sub-surface activity connected to ice sublimation, thermal stress, and occasional outbursts. Even though the nucleus structure probably is mostly homogeneous and primordial, the variable size and irregular distribution of sink-holes and erosional features strongly imply a highly active and heterogeneous sub-surface layer of at least tens of meters [8,9]. References: [1] Capaccioni F. et al. (2015) Sci- ence, 347, 628. [2] Quirico E. et al. (2016) Ica- rus, 272, 32-47. [3] Filacchione G. et al. (2016) Nature, 529, 368-372. [4] Barucci A. et al. (2016) A&A, 595, A102. [5] Weller D. (2016) Master thesis, University of Potsdam. [6] Preusker F. et al. (2015) A&A, 583, A33. [7] Keller H. et al. (2007) Space Sci. Rev., 128(1), 433-506. [8] Thomas N. et al. (2015) Science, 347, 440. [9] Vincent J.B. et al. (2015) Nature, 523, 63-66.
Published: 2017

116. Constraints on the Formation of Comets from D/H Ratios Measured in H 2O and HCN

Author: Mousis, Olivier, Gautier, Daniel, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Robert, François, Dubrulle, Bérengère, and Drouart, Antoine
Published: 2000
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117. The Philae lander reveals low-strength primitive ice inside cometary boulders.

Author: O'Rourke, Laurence, Heinisch, Philip, Blum, Jürgen, Fornasier, Sonia, Filacchione, Gianrico, Van Hoang, Hong, Ciarniello, Mauro, Raponi, Andrea, Gundlach, Bastian, Blasco, Rafael Andrés, Grieger, Björn, Glassmeier, Karl-Heinz, Küppers, Michael, Rotundi, Alessandra, Groussin, Olivier, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Auster, Hans-Ulrich, Oklay, Nilda, Paar, Gerhard, and Perucha, Maria del Pilar Caballo
Abstract: On 12 November 2014, the Philae lander descended towards comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, bounced twice off the surface, then arrived under an overhanging cliff in the Abydos region. The landing process provided insights into the properties of a cometary nucleus1–3. Here we report an investigation of the previously undiscovered site of the second touchdown, where Philae spent almost two minutes of its cross-comet journey, producing four distinct surface contacts on two adjoining cometary boulders. It exposed primitive water ice—that is, water ice from the time of the comet's formation 4.5 billion years ago—in their interiors while travelling through a crevice between the boulders. Our multi-instrument observations made 19 months later found that this water ice, mixed with ubiquitous dark organic-rich material, has a local dust/ice mass ratio of 2.3 − 0.16 + 0.2 : 1 , matching values previously observed in freshly exposed water ice from outbursts4 and water ice in shadow5,6. At the end of the crevice, Philae made a 0.25-metre-deep impression in the boulder ice, providing in situ measurements confirming that primitive ice has a very low compressive strength (less than 12 pascals, softer than freshly fallen light snow) and allowing a key estimation to be made of the porosity (75 ± 7 per cent) of the boulders' icy interiors. Our results provide constraints for cometary landers seeking access to a volatile-rich ice sample. When the Philae lander bounced on the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, it exposed primitive icy-dust material within cometary boulders; the intrinsic strength and porosity of this material is reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2020
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118. Water and Carbon Dioxide Ices-Rich Areas on Comet 67P/CG Nucleus Surface

Author: Filacchione, Gianrico, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Raponi, Andrea, de Sanctis, Maria Cristina, Ciarniello, Mauro, Barucci, Maria Antonella, Tosi, Federico, Migliorini, Alessandra, Capria, Maria Teresa, Erard, Stéphane, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Leyrat, Cédric, Arnold, Gabriele, Kappel, David, Mccord, Thomas B., ITA, USA, FRA, DEU, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, INAF (IAPS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Bear Fight Institute, and Henry, Florence
Subjects: Asteroiden und Kometen, 67P, Leitungsbereich PF, Rosetta, comets, VIRTIS, [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], water ice, carbon dioxide ice
Abstract: International audience; So far, only two ice species have been identified by Rosetta/VIRTIS-M [1] on the surface of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko during the pre-perihelion time: crystalline water and carbon dioxide ice. Water ice has been spectroscopically identified in three distinct modalities: 1) On the active areas of Hapi region where water ice changes its abundance with local time and illumination conditions, condensing during the night hours and sublimating during daytime [2]; 2) On recent debris fields collapsed from two elevated structures in the Imhotep region where more fresh and pristine material is exposed [3]; 3) On eight bright areas located in Khonsu, Imhotep, Anhur, Atum and Khepry regions [4] where single or multiple grouped icy patches with sizes ranging between few meters to about 60 m are observed. Carbon dioxide ice has been detected only in a 60-80 m area in Anhur region while it was exiting from a four year-long winter-night season [5]. This ice deposit underwent a rapid sublimation, disappearing in about one month after its initial detection. While water and carbon dioxide ice appear always mixed with the ubiquitous dark material [6,7], there are no evidences of the presence of water and carbon dioxide ices mixed together in the same area. If observed, ices always account for very small fraction (few percent) with respect to the dark material. Moreover, the surface ice deposits are preferentially located on the large lobe and the neck while they are absent on the small lobe. Apart from these differences in the spatial distribution of ices on the surface, a large variability is observed the mixing modalities and in the grain size distributions, as retrieved from spectral modeling [8]: 1) very small Îm-sized water ice grains in intimate mixing with the dark terrain are detected on Hapi active regions [2]; 2) two monodispersed distributions with maxima at 56 Îm and at 2 mm, corresponding to the intimate and areal mixing classes, are observedon the Imhotep debris fields ice grains [3]; 3) different combinations of water ice and dark terrain in intimate mixing with small grains (tens of microns) or in areal mixing with large grains (mm- sized) are seen on the eight bright areas discussed in [4]; 4) the CO2 ice in the Anhur region appears grouped in areal patches made of 50 mum sized grains [5]. While the spectroscopic identification of water and carbon dioxide ices is made by means of diagnostic infrared absorption features, their presence cause significant effects also at visible wavelengths, including the increase of the albedo and the reduction of the spectral slope which results in a more blue color [9,10]. In summary, thermodynamic conditions prevailing on the 67P/CG nucleus surface allow the presence of only H2O and CO2 ices. Similar properties are probably common among other Jupiter family comets.
Published: 2017

119. Emission from Pluto and Charon at Long Wavelengths: Observations using ALMA, SMA, and VLA

Author: Butler, Bryan J., Gurwell, Mark A., Lellouch, Emmanuel, Moullet, Arielle, Biver, Nicolas, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Boissier, Jérémie, Fouchet, Thierry, Lis, Darek C., Moreno, Raphaël, Stansberry, John A., Stern, S. A., Young, E. F., Young, Leslie A., Weaver, Harold A., and Henry, Florence
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: We report on the first Earth-based observations of thermal emission from the surfaces of Pluto and Charon where the two are resolved from each other. Observations at wavelengths from 0.8 mm to 0.9 cm with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), Submillimeter Array (SMA), and Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) provide separate, high SNR flux densities for both bodies, which are converted into brightness temperatures. These observations have been presented separately previously [1-3] but here we combine them for the first time and extend the analysis. For Pluto, brightness temperatures range from 31--33 K, and for Charon from 42--45 K, over the full range of observed wavelengths. These brightness temperatures are significantly lower than observed surface temperatures for both bodies. While hinted at from unresolved observations of the pair, this is the first definitive observation showing both bodies have depressed brightness temperatures. These low brightness temperatures are likely due to a combination of low thermal inertia, and subsurface scattering, with a larger depression for Pluto than for Charon.[1] Butler et al. 2015, BAAS #47, id.210.04. [2] Gurwell et al. 2011, DPS/EPSC, p271. [3] Butler et al. 2011, DPS/EPSC, p. 1670.
Published: 2017

120. CHEMISTRY OF COMETS

Author: Biver, Nicolas, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Moreno, Raphaël, Crovisier, Jacques, Colom, Pierre, Boissier, Jérémie, Lis, Darek C., Paubert, Gabriel, Milam, Stefanie N., Dello Russo, Neil, Vervack Jr., Ron J., Weaver, Harold A., Kawakita, Hideyo, Henry, Florence, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de RadioAstronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Radio Astronomía Milimétrica (IRAM), NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA/GSFC), Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, and Koyama Astronomical Observatory, Kyoto Sangyo University, Motoyama, Kamigamo
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

121. Cometary activity described by chain dust modeling applied to the VIRTIS and GIADA data in the coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author: Ivanovski, Stavro L., Capria, Maria Teresa, Della Corte, Vincenzo, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Filacchione, Gianrico, Rotundi, Alessandra, Rinaldi, Giovanna, Tosi, Federico, de Sanctis, Maria Cristina, Erard, Stéphane, Longobardo, Andrea, Ciarniello, Mauro, Raponi, Andrea, Zinzi, Angelo, Palomba, Ernesto, Colangeli, Luigi, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Leyrat, Cédric, and Henry, Florence
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: We study the dust dynamical properties in dependence on the surface illumination conditions and on the hidden under-near-surface activity, using two models (a nucleus thermal model and aspherical dust dynamical model) calibrated by the observational data of the VIRTIS and GIADA instruments. After applying our models to observational data acquired before 67P/C-G perihelion, we obtain grain speeds ranging from ˜ 1 m/s to ˜ 150 m/s for grain masses of 10-6 kg and 10-16 kg, respectively. The number of rotations per seconds for ellipsoidal isothermal grains varies from 1 per hundred seconds up to 10 per second.
Published: 2017

122. Compositional maps of 67P/CG nucleus surface after perihelion passage by Rosetta/VIRTIS

Author: Filacchione, Gianrico, Ciarniello, Mauro, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Raponi, Andrea, de Sanctis, Maria Cristina, Tosi, Federico, Migliorini, Alessandra, Piccioni, Giuseppe, Cerroni, Priscilla, Capria, Maria Teresa, Erard, Stéphane, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Leyrat, Cédric, Arnold, Gabriele, Barucci, Maria Antonella, Schmitt, Bernard, Quirico, Éric, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, INAF (IAPS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), ITA, FRA, DEU, and Henry, Florence
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; Moving after perihelion passage (August 13th 2015), VIRTIS-M the 0.25-5.0 mum imaging spectrometer on board Rosetta has mapped again the north and equatorial regions of 67P/CG's nucleus with the scope to trace color and composition evolution of the surface. With the loss of the IR channel due to the active cryogenic cooler failure occurred in May 2015, VIRTIS-M has observed only with the VIS channel in the 0.25-1.0 Îm spectral range. Despite this limitation, the returned data are valuable in performing a comparison of surface properties between pre and post-perihelion times. Approaching perihelion passage, 67P/CG's nucleus has experienced a general brightening due to the removal of the surficial dust layer caused by the more intense gaseous activity with the consequent exposure of a larger fraction of water ice. Coma observations by VIRTIS during pre-perihelion have shown a correlation between the areas of the nucleus where gaseous activity by water ice sublimation is more intense with the surface brightening caused by dust removal. After having applied data calibration and photometric correction, VIRTIS data are projected on the irregularly shaped digital model6 of 67P/CG with the aim to derive visible albedo and colors maps rendered with a spatial resolution of 0.5×0.5 deg in latitude-longitude, corresponding to a sampling of about 15 m/pixel. Dedicated mapping sequences executed at different heliocentric distances, are employed to follow the dynamical evolution of the surface. Direct comparison between compositional maps obtained at the same heliocentric distances along inbound and outbound orbits allows to evidence the changes occurred on the same areas of the surface. In this context, the first VIRTIS-M maps, obtained in August 2014 at heliocentric distance of 3.4 AU along the inbound orbit with a solar phase angle of about 30-45° are compared with the last ones, taken in June 2016 at 3.2 AU from the Sun on the outbound trajectory at solar phases of about 40-50°. In particular we focus our investigation on the two large Bright Albedo Patches (BAPs) where water ice exposures have been detected before perihelion. The availability of these datasets acquired with unprecedented spatial and spectral resolutions gives us the opportunity to study temporal changes occurring on a comet's nucleus during the perihelion passage.
Published: 2016

123. The composition of comets

Author: Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

124. VIRTIS-M observations of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko at low phase angle

Author: Ciarniello, Mauro, Filacchione, Gianrico, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Raponi, Andrea, de Sanctis, Maria Cristina, Tosi, Federico, Piccioni, Giuseppe, Migliorini, Alessandra, Cerroni, Priscilla, Capria, Maria Teresa, Erard, Stéphane, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Leyrat, Cédric, Arnold, Gabriele, Barucci, Maria Antonella, Schmitt, Bernard, Quirico, Éric, Taylor, Frederic W., Kappel, David, Longobardo, Andrea, Rosetta Virtis, Team, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, INAF (IAPS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), DLR,Institute of Planetary Research, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Flat Wavefronts, and Henry, Florence
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; On 9-10 of April 2016, the Rosetta orbiter completed a close flyby around the nucleus of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (CG), when the comet was at heliocentric distance of 2.76 AU, along the outbound leg of its orbit around the Sun. This allowed the VIRTIS imaging spectrometer to observe the surface of CG at visible wavelengths (0.2-1 µm) in the 0.93°-89.7° phase angle range with a spatial resolution ranging from 7 to 46 m/pix, resulting in a total of 105 hyperspectral images. Previous observations of the comet at low phase angle where acquired by VIRTIS during the approach phase on July 2014 (3.7 AU), with pixel resolution varying from 450 to 3200 m/pix, preventing disk-resolved imaging. The April 2016 observations fill this gap, allowing us to constrain the spectrophotometric properties of the surface at higher spatial resolution in the opposition surge geometry, therefore investigating both the 'shadow hiding' and 'coherent backscattering' opposition effect. Extrapolation to 0° phase angle of the reflectance measured during the flyby at latitude between -10° and 30°indicates a surface normal albedo of 0.06 at 0.55 µm. This result is close to the previous average value derived by Ciarniello et al. (2015) from a full-disk analysis giving 0.062 /-0.002 (3.7 AU, inbound orbit). Subsequent measurements by Filacchione et al. (2016) and Ciarniello et al. (in preparation), derived from pre-perihelion observations at lower heliocentric distances, revealed a progressive enrichment of water ice abundance on the nucleus, in northern hemisphere regions, with a consequent brightening of the surface. The measured normal albedo derived from the 9-10 April 2016 dataset seems to indicate that during the post-perihelion phase the northern hemisphere has returned to albedo values compatible to the ones measured during the inbound part of the orbit, when the comet was at 3.7 AU from the Sun. This could be an indication that the northern hemisphere has been either covered by dust emitted by the southern hemisphere during the very active perihelion phase, or that dehydration of the upper surface layers has taken place.
Published: 2016

125. Rosetta and comet ices

Author: Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

126. Solar System science in the Far Infrared

Author: Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

127. Activity of comets : clues from comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author: Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

128. Seasonal effects on the nucleus of comet 67P revealed by Rosetta/VIRTIS

Author: TOSI, Federico, CAPACCIONI, FABRIZIO, FILACCHIONE, GIANRICO, Erard, Stéphane, Rouseeau, Batiste, Combe, Jean-Philippe, CAPRIA, MARIA TERESA, Leyrat, Cédric, LONGOBARDO, ANDREA, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Kappel, David, Arnold, Gabriele, Fonti, Sergio, MANCARELLA, FRANCESCA, Kuehrt, Ekkehard, Mottola, Stefano, ITA, USA, FRA, and DEU
Subjects: Asteroiden und Kometen, 67P, Leitungsbereich PF, Rosetta, temperature, VIRTIS
Abstract: We describe thermal effects on the nucleus of comet 67P. Due to the overall low thermal inertia of the nucleus surface, the surface temperature is essentially dominated by the instantaneous value of the solar incidence angle and the heliocentric distance. However, for each location, the smallest achievable value of insolation angle depends on the season and topography. Given the substantial obliquity of comet 67P, seasons are such that the northern hemisphere is mainly illuminated at aphelion while the southern hemisphere receives most insolation soon after perihelion. In addition, the heliocentric distance strongly affects the surface temperature, all other parameters being equal. This is a larger effect in comets than in asteroids, due to the wide range of heliocentric distance values spanned by comets. When Rosetta started its global mapping observation campaign, in early August 2014, hyperspectral images acquired by the VIRTIS imaging spectrometer onboard the Rosetta Orbiter covered only the northern regions of the cometary surface, and the equatorial belt became gradually unveiled, while the southern region has been revealed from 2015 onwards. In parallel, the comet’s heliocentric distance has been decreasing from 3.6 AU down to 1.24 AU, the distance at which the perihelion passage occurred on 13 August 2015. By relating surface temperatures as measured by VIRTIS to three variables: solar incidence angle, true local solar time and heliocentric distance, we aim to separate the relative contributions due to season and to the heliocentric distance. To do this, we use both VIRTIS-M data (namely data from the mapping spectrometer covering the 1-5 µm range, available up to April 2015, i.e. before the failure of the IR cryocooler) and VIRTIS-H data (namely data from the high-resolution point spectrometer covering the 2-5 µm range), and we focus in particular on three regions: one in the northern hemisphere, one in the equatorial region and one in the southern hemisphere. These three regions are chosen so as to be relatively smooth at the spatial resolution that is achieved from a distance of about 100 km (25 m/px for VIRTIS-M, 50x150 m/px for VIRTIS-H), in order to limit the effects of large-scale surface roughness. Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank the following institutions and agencies, which supported this work: Italian Space Agency (ASI - Italy), Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES- France), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR-Germany), National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA-USA) Rosetta Program, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK). VIRTIS has been built by a consortium, which includes Italy, France and Germany, under the scientific responsibility of the Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali of INAF, Italy, which guides also the scientific operations. The VIRTIS instrument development has been funded and managed by ASI, with contributions from Observatoire de Meudon financed by CNES, and from DLR. The computational resources used in this research have been supplied by INAF-IAPS through the DataWell project.
Published: 2016

129. Water in Comets: New Insights from the Rosetta Mission

Author: Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

130. Coma composition in comets from remote sensing

Author: Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

131. Relationship between inner coma water emissions and ice deposits in comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author: MIGLIORINI, Alessandra, FILACCHIONE, GIANRICO, DE SANCTIS, MARIA CRISTINA, CAPACCIONI, FABRIZIO, PICCIONI, GIUSEPPE, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Erard, Stephane, Leyrat, Cedric, CIARNIELLO, Mauro, Combi, Michael, Fougere, Nicolas, and Taylor, Fred
Abstract: Data acquired in April 2015 with the VIRTIS spectrometer on board the Rosetta mission provided information on the possible correlation between the H2O emission in the inner coma and the exposed water deposits detected in the Hapi region on the 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko surface (Migliorini et al. submitted). Further bright spots attributed to exposed water ice have been identified in other regions by OSIRIS at visible wavelengths (Pommerol, et al., 2015) and confirmed in the infrared by VIRTIS-M in the Imothep region (Filacchione et al., 2016). Furthermore, new water ice deposits have been identified in regions located both at the equator and at southern latitudes. These regions might be localised sources of water emissions in the inner coma of 67P/C-G. The present investigation seeks to identify the spatial and temporal correlations between the H2O emissions in the inner coma and the water ice rich deposits on the surface in order to identify the mechanisms operating at the surface-coma interface. It extends the study already carried out for a limited region located in the comet's neck, and identifies how the observed emissions and deposits evolve with the heliocentric distance, as observed by VIRTIS during the Rosetta escort phase mission.
Published: 2016

132. VIRTIS observations of the nucleus of 67P/Churyumov=Gerasimenko at low phase angle

Author: Ciarniello, Mauro, Filacchione, Gianrico, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Raponi, Andrea, de Sanctis, Maria Cristina, Tosi, Federico, Piccioni, Giuseppe, Migliorini, Alessandra, Cerroni, Priscilla, Capria, Maria Teresa, Erard, Stéphane, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Leyrat, Cédric, Arnold, Gabriele, Barucci, Maria Antonella, Schmitt, Bernard, Quirico, Éric, Taylor, Frederic W., Kappel, David, Longobardo, Andrea, Henry, Florence, ITA, GBR, FRA, DEU, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, INAF (IAPS), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institute for Planetary Research, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) Berlin, Germany, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Oxford University
Subjects: 67P, Rosetta, spectrophotometry, comets, VIRTIS, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; On 9-10 of April 2016, the Rosetta orbiter completed a close flyby around the nucleus of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, when the comet was at heliocentric distance of 2.76 AU, along the outbound leg of its orbit around the Sun. This allowed the VIRTIS-M imaging spectrometer to observe the surface of 67P at visible wavelengths (0.2-1 mum) in the 0.93°-89.7° phase angle range with a spatial resolution ranging from 7 to 46 m/pix, resulting in a total of 105 hyperspectral images. Previous observations of the comet at low phase angle were acquired by VIRTIS-M during the approach phase on July 2014 (3.7 AU), with pixel resolution varying from 450 to 3200 m/pix, preventing disk-resolved imaging. The April 2016 observations fill this gap, allowing us to constrain the spectrophotometric properties of the surface at higher spatial resolution in the opposition surge geometry, therefore investigating both the 'shadow hiding' and 'coherent backscattering' opposition effect. Extrapolation to 0° phase angle of the reflectance measured during the flyby at latitude between -10° and 30° indicates a surface normal albedo of 0.06 at 0.55 mum. This result is close to the previous average value derived by Ciarniello et al. (2015) from a full-disk analysis giving 0.062 /-0.002 (3.7 AU, inbound orbit). Subsequent measurements by Filacchione et al. (2016) and Ciarniello et al. (submitted), derived from pre-perihelion observations at lower heliocentric distances, revealed a progressive enrichment of water ice abundance on the nucleus, in northern hemisphere regions, with a consequent brightening of the surface. The measured normal albedo derived from the 9-10 April 2016 dataset seems to indicate that during the post-perihelion phase the northern hemisphere has returned to albedo values compatible to the ones measured during the inbound part of the orbit, when the comet was at 3.7 AU from the Sun. This could be an indication that the northern hemisphere has been either covered by dust emitted by the southern hemisphere during the very active perihelion phase, or that dehydration of the upper surface layers has taken place.
Published: 2016

133. Bright ice spots on the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as observed by Rosetta OSIRIS and VIRTIS instruments

Author: Barucci, Maria Antonella, Fulchignoni, Marcello, Pommerol, Antoine, Erard, Stéphane, Oklay, Nilda, Tosi, Federico, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Sierks, Holger, Filacchione, Gianrico, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Guettler, Carsten, Fornasier, Sonia, Raponi, Andrea, Deshapriya, J. D. P., Feller, Clément, Ciarniello, Mauro, Leyrat, Cédric, ITA, FRA, DEU, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: Since the Rosetta mission arrived at the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67/P C-G) on August 2014, the comet nucleus has been mapped by both OSIRIS (Optical, Spectroscopic, and Infrared Remote Imaging System), and VIRTIS (Visible Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer) acquiring a huge quantity of surface's images and spectra, producing the most detailed maps at the highest spatial resolution of a cometary nucleus. The OSIRIS imaging system (NAC & WAC) has a set of filters at different wavelengths from the ultraviolet (269 nm) to the near-infrared (989 nm). The OSIRIS imaging system has been the first instrument with the capability to map a comet surface at a high resolution reaching a maximum resolution of 11cm/px during the closest fly-by on February 14, 2015 at a distance of about 6 km from the nucleus surface while the VIRTIS spectro-imager (with two channels M and H) operates from 0.25 to 5m with medium and high spectral resolution. The spectral analysis on global scale from the VIRTIS data indicates that the nucleus presents different terrains covered by a very dark and dehydrated organic-rich material [1]. OSIRIS images indicate a morphologically complex and dark surface with a variety of terrain types and several intricate features [2]. The surface shows albedo variation and from the spectrophotometric analysis a large heterogeneity on the surface properties [3, 4, 5]. Limited evidences of exposed H2O ice have been found on the surface of 67/P C-G up to now [6, 7, 8], even though ices are considered to be a major constituent of cometary nuclei. The aim of this work is, taking advantage of the high resolution of the OSIRIS images, i) to detect the bright spots at all dimensions by albedo and spectral slope analyses, ii) to select those spots which could be resolved by VIRTIS and iii ) to deeply analyse the corresponding spectra. The OSIRIS analysis has been carried out on the colours and spectrophotometry of the whole 67/P C-G nucleus from images acquired since the first Rosetta bound orbits in August 2014 up to the end of 2015. The bright spots are spread everywhere on the surface. The analysis of the VIRTIS spectra on the selected positions by OSIRIS allowed us to detect eight spots with positive H2O ice signatures detection. The obtained results with the computed models will be presented and discussed. References : [1] Capaccioni et al. 2015. Science 347, DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa0628 [2] Sierks et al. 2015. Science 347, DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa1044 [3] Fornasier et al. 2015. A&A, 583, A30 [4] Ciarniello et al., 2015, A&A, 583, A31 [5] Oklay et al. 2016. A&A 586, A80 [6] Pommerol et al. 2015. A&A, 583, A25 [7] De Sanctis et al. 2015. Nature 525, 500 [8] Filacchione et al. 2016. Nature 529, 368.
Published: 2016

134. Erratum: Comet 67P outbursts and quiescent coma at 1.3 AU from the Sun: dust properties from Rosetta/VIRTIS-H observations

Author: Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, primary, Rinaldi, G, additional, Erard, S, additional, Leyrat, C, additional, Capaccioni, F, additional, Drossart, P, additional, Filacchione, G, additional, Migliorini, A, additional, Quirico, E, additional, Mottola, S, additional, Tozzi, G, additional, Arnold, G, additional, Biver, N, additional, Combes, M, additional, Crovisier, J, additional, Longobardo, A, additional, Blecka, M, additional, and Capria, M-T, additional
Published: 2017
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135. How pristine is the interior of the comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko?

Author: Capria, Maria Teresa, primary, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, additional, Filacchione, Gianrico, additional, Tosi, Federico, additional, De Sanctis, Maria Cristina, additional, Mottola, Stefano, additional, Ciarniello, Mauro, additional, Formisano, Michelangelo, additional, Longobardo, Andrea, additional, Migliorini, Alessandra, additional, Palomba, Ernesto, additional, Raponi, Andrea, additional, Kührt, Ekkehard, additional, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, additional, Erard, Stéphane, additional, Leyrat, Cedric, additional, and Zinzi, Angelo, additional
Published: 2017
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136. Modeling of the Inner Coma of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko Constrained by VIRTIS and ROSINA Observations

Author: Fougere, Nicolas, Combi, Michael, Tenishev, Valeriy, Bieler, André, Migliorini, Alessandra, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Toth, Gabor, Huang, Zhenguang, Gombosi, Tamas I., Hansen, Kenneth, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Filacchione, Gianrico, Piccioni, Giuseppe, Debout, Vincent, Erard, Stéphane, Leyrat, Cedric, Fink, Uwe, Rubin, Martin, Altwegg, Kathrin, Tzou, Chia-yu, Le Roy, Léna, Calmonte, Ursina, Berthelier, Jean-Jacques, Rème, Henri, Hässig, Myrtha, Fuselier, Stephen, Fiethe, Björn, De Keyser, Johan, Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson] (LPL), University of Arizona, Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Center for Space and Habitability (CSH), University of Bern, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Science Division [San Antonio], Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Institute of Computer and Network Engineering [Braunschweig] (IDA), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Universität Bern [Bern], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), IMPEC - LATMOS, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] ( AOSS ), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali ( IAPS ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique ( LESIA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson], Center for Space and Habitability ( CSH ), Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie ( IRAP ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] ( SwRI ), Institute of Computer and Network Engineering [Braunschweig] ( IDA ), and Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB )
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], [ SDU.ASTR.IM ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], [ SDU.ASTR.EP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], [ SDU.ASTR.SR ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract: International audience; As it orbits around comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (CG), the Rosetta spacecraft acquires more information about its main target. The numerous observations made at various geometries and at different times enable a good spatial and temporal coverage of the evolution of CG’s cometary coma. However, the question regarding the link between the coma measurements and the nucleus activity remains relatively open notably due to gas expansion and strong kinetic effects in the comet’s rarefied atmosphere.In this work, we use coma observations made by the ROSINA-DFMS instrument to constrain the activity at the surface of the nucleus. The distribution of the H2O and CO2 outgassing is described with the use of spherical harmonics. The coordinates in the orthogonal system represented by the spherical harmonics are computed using a least squared method, minimizing the sum of the square residuals between an analytical coma model and the DFMS data.Then, the previously deduced activity distributions are used in a Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) model to compute a full description of the H2O and CO2 coma of comet CG from the nucleus’ surface up to several hundreds of kilometers. The DSMC outputs are used to create synthetic images, which can be directly compared with VIRTIS measurements.The good agreement between the VIRTIS observations and the DSMC model, itself constrained with ROSINA data, provides a compelling juxtaposition of the measurements from these two instruments.
Published: 2015

137. Outgassing and chemical evolution of C/2012 S1 (ISON)

Author: Dello Russo, Neil, Vervack, Ron, Jr., Kawakita, Hideyo, Cochran, Anita L., Mckay, Adam J., Harris, Walter M., Weaver, Harold A., Lisse, Carey M., Disanti, Michael A., Kobayashi, Hitomi, Biver, Nicolas, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Crovisier, Jacques, Opitom, Cyrielle, Jehin, Emmanuel, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2015

138. Complex molecules in comets

Author: Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2015

139. Water and carbon dioxide sources on comet 67P nucleus as measured from the VIRTIS-H instrument aboard Rosetta

Author: Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Debout, Vincent, Erard, Stéphane, Leyrat, Cédric, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Filacchione, Gianrico, Drossart, Pierre, Fougere, N., Combi, M., Arnold, Gabriele, Biver, Nicolas, Crovisier, Jacques, Encrenaz, Thérèse, Schmitt, Bernard, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: 67P, Leitungsbereich PF, Rosetta, water, carbon dioxide, VIRTIS, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: Using the high spectral-resolution channel of the Visible InfraRed Thermal Imaging Spectrometer (VIRTIS-H) onboard Rosetta, we observed the ν3 vibrational bands of H2O and CO2 at 2.67 and 4.27 μm in comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Observations were undertaken in limb viewing geometry with various line-of-sight (LOS) orientations in the body-fixed frame. A geometry tool is used to characterize the position of the LOS with respect to geomorphologic regions and the illumination properties of these regions. We will present the heliocentric evolution, diurnal variations and distribution of H2O and CO2 production. Inhomogeneities in the CO2/H2O relative production rates will be discussed.
Published: 2015

140. A molecular survey of comet C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy) at radio wavelengths

Author: Biver, Nicolas, Moreno, Raphaël, Boissier, Jérémie, Lis, Darek C., Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Crovisier, Jacques, Colom, Pierre, Paubert, Gabriel, Milam, Stefanie N., Sandqvist, Aage, Hjalmarson, Åke, Lundin, Stefan, Karlsson, T., Battelino, M., Frisk, Urban, Murtagh, Donal, Nordh, H. Lennart, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2015

141. Photometric study of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as seen by VIRTIS-H onboard Rosetta

Author: Rousseau, Batiste, Erard, Stéphane, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Filacchione, Gianrico, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Leyrat, Cédric, Ciarniello, Mauro, Longobardo, Andrea, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Instituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali (IAPS)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; In this study we present an analysis of the large dataset from H channel of VIRTIS (Visible Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer) onboard ESA's Rosetta spacecraft.We focus on photometric properties of the nucleus since there are many different observation geometries and illumination conditions available. Variations of the signal with phase are reproduced with a Lommel-Seeliger model. This allows to retrieve phase function and then, by fitting the data, the single scattering albedo and asymmetry parameter for every wavelength.
Published: 2015

142. Observations of the 18-cm lines of the OH radical in comets

Author: Crovisier, Jacques, Colom, Pierre, Biver, Nicolas, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2015

143. Apparent and real temporal variability of surface components of 67P/CG nucleus with Rosetta VIRTIS

Author: Combe, Jean-Philippe, Mccord, Thomas B., Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Filacchione, Gianrico, Raponi, Andrea, Tosi, Federico, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Erard, Stéphane, Leyrat, Cédric, Stephan, Katrin, Bear Fight Institute, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, INAF (IAPS), Instituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali (IAPS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Institute of Planetary Research, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; The surface material of comet nucleus 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko contains components with a broad absorption band between 2900 and 3600 nm [1] that was revealed by the Visible and Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer (VIRTIS, [2]) on the Rosetta spacecraft. Absorptions in this range of wavelengths are likely due to C-H and/or O-H chemical groups in various compounds [1, 3, 4]. In this study we investigate the distribution of this absorber across the surface of the comet nucleus, and apparent temporal variability on areas where the absorption band is the strongest.
Published: 2015

144. Highlights of early VIRTIS/ROSETTA observations: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko seen from orbit

Author: Erard, Stéphane, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Filacchione, Gianrico, Arnold, Gabriele, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Capria, Maria Teresa, de Sanctis, Maria Cristina, Leyrat, Cédric, Tosi, Federico, Drossart, Pierre, Ciarniello, Mauro, Raponi, Andrea, Quirico, Éric, Schmitt, Bernard, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), INAF / IAPS, DLR, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; VIRTIS is the imaging spectrometer of the Rosetta mission, devoted to remote sensing studies of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (1). The instrument is made of a mapping channel covering the 0.3-5 mum range at moderate spectral resolution (VIRTIS-M), and of a cross-dispersion spectrometer covering the 2-5um range with resolution ~3000 (VIRTIS-H). The most recent results will be presented at the meeting; early ones are discussed here.The nucleus is observed from a wide range of illumination conditions and spatial resolution (down to 2.5 m). Albedo, spectral parameters, and compositional maps have been derived for areas out of the polar night. The nucleus surface appears to be extremely homogeneous and dark. The inferred normal albedo is 0.060 ± 0.003 at 0.55 mum (2), with distinct spectral slopes in the VIS and IR regions (5-25 and 1.5-5 % kÅ-1 respectively). The main spectral feature is a ubiquitous absorption in the 2.9-3.6 mum range, consistent with non-volatile organic macromolecular materials (2,3). The most likely absorbents include carboxylic groups, alcoholic OH, and possibly NH4 ions. However, the low albedo and marked slope suggest a mixture with opaque minerals (e.g. sulfides) or Fe-Ni alloys in the refractory crust. Ice is so far marginally detected in areas just emerging from shadow (4).The surface temperature is measured on the dayside as a function of local time and heliocentric distance. A maximum of 220K has been derived, with fast variations controlled by low thermal inertia. This is consistent with a surface covered by a porous crust, mainly devoid of water ice (5,6).Water vapor and carbon dioxide have been observed in the coma and their variability with altitude, geographic location and heliocentric distance has been studied. CO2/H2O ratio averages to 3-7%, but both species display different distributions. This suggests either different source regions, or seasonal variability (7).1- Coradini et al, SSR, 20072- Capaccioni et al., Science, 20153- Quirico et al, LPSC 20154- De Sanctis et al, LPSC 20155- Tosi et al, LPSC 20156- Leyrat et al, EGU 20157- Bockelée-Morvan et al, this meeting
Published: 2015

145. Measuring the Distribution and Excitation of Cometary CH3OH Using ALMA

Author: Cordiner, M. A., Charnley, Steven B., Mumma, Michael J., Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Biver, Nicolas, Villanueva, Gerónimo L., Paganini, Lucas, Milam, Stefanie N., Remijan, Anthony J., Lis, Darek C., Crovisier, Jacques, Boissier, Jérémie, Kuan, Yi-Jehng, Coulson, I. M., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2015

146. Comets and Lab

Author: Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2015

147. The Nautilus mission

Author: Vernazza, Pierre, Beck, Pierre, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Castillo-Rogez, Julie, Chaussidon, Marc, Cottin, Herve, De Sanctis, Maria Cristina, Hartogh, Paul, Lamy, Philippe, Langevin, Yves, Mousis, Olivier, Ulamec, Stephan, and Wieczorek, Mark
Subjects: Nautilus Mission, Nutzerzentrum für Weltraumexperimente (MUSC)
Published: 2015

148. IAU Division III Commission 15: Physical Studies of Comets and Minor Planets

Author: Tedesco, Edward F., Huebner, Walter F., Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Harris, Alan W., Kiselev, N. N., Mcfadden, Lucy-Ann A., Michalowsky, T., Muinonen, Karri, Reitsema, H. J., Ma, Y., Schulz, Rita, Sykes, M. V., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: The report of Commission 15 was prepared primarily by the chairpersons of its two working groups: the Minor Planet Working Group and the Comet Working Group. In particular, the Minor Planet section was created by A. Cellino with a little help from E. Tedesco and the Comet section by T. Yamamoto with the assistance of D. Bockelée-Morvan, W. Huebner, A. Bhardwaj, D. Biesecker, L. Jorda, H. Kawakita, H. U. Keller, H. Kimura, A. Kouchi, and D. Prialnik. E. Tedesco was responsible for the Introduction, final editing, and merging of the two reports.
Published: 2005
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149. Comet 67P/CG as Seen by VIRTIS-M Onboard Rosetta: Photometric Correction

Author: Ciarniello, Mauro, Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Filacchione, Gianrico, Erard, Stéphane, Leyrat, Cédric, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Raponi, Andrea, de Sanctis, Maria Cristina, Tosi, Federico, Capria, Maria Teresa, Piccioni, Giuseppe, Palomba, Ernesto, Longobardo, Andrea, Drossart, Pierre, Quirico, Éric, Beck, P., Schmitt, Bernard, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Planétologie de Grenoble (LPG), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2015

150. Water vapour and carbon dioxide IR emissions in 67P/CG coma: first detection by Rosetta/VIRTIS-M

Author: Capaccioni, Fabrizio, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Filacchione, Gianrico, Erard, Stéphane, Leyrat, Cédric, de Sanctis, Maria Cristina, Piccioni, Giuseppe, Crovisier, Jacques, Tosi, Federico, Capria, Maria Teresa, Ciarniello, Mauro, Raponi, Andrea, Drossart, Pierre, Arnold, Gabriele, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: 67P, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Leitungsbereich PF, Rosetta, water, carbon dioxide, VIRTIS, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: Taking advantage of Rosetta’s terminator orbits around 67P/CG nucleus in December 2014, VIRTIS-M, the mapping channel of the Visible and Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer has carried out systematic observations of the comet limb in the 0.25-5 μm spectral range with the aim to detect fluorescence emissions of gas species like water vapour and carbon dioxide. We report about the first detections of these molecules by VIRTIS-M and correlate them with respect to the nucleus orientation at the time of the observation. These features appear variable in time, depending on numerous parameters like comet’s activity state, relative position of the spacecraft with respect to the nucleus, tangent altitude of the line of sight above the limb, heliocentric distance and solar phase. Water vapour emission at 2.7 μm appears considerably more intense in correspondence of the jets emitted by the active regions in the neck while carbon dioxide emission at 4.25 μm increases in limb observations taken above the head and body regions.
Published: 2015

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