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A variety of factors impacts the transition from childhood to adulthood for persons with special health care needs or disabilities. Among these are the barriers in care coordination associated with our bifurcated health care delivery system in which pediatric medicine does not smoothly link up with the medical care received by adults. After reviewing the literature, we discuss the strong case to be made for reconceptualizing the medical home model, introducing a life span perspective to resolve the postpediatrician transition. Rather than a “hand off” from pediatrician to adult provider, this approach provides a pathway to fully integrating this patient population into our evolving health care system.

Interpersonal communication: theory and life (Межличностная коммуникация: теория и жизнь /Mezhlichnostnaya kommunikatsia: teoria i zhizn), edited by Olga Matyash, authored by Olga Matyash, Valentin...

This essay introduces a special issue of the Russian Journal of Communication on “New Directions in Russian Interpersonal Communication Research”. The essay includes a brief overview of the field of interpersonal communication and discussion of a component often absent from its conceptualization, culture. The authors offer a new way of treating interpersonal communication, focusing on the situated study of interactional forms, structures, their cultural functions and meanings. Synopses of the five articles in the special issue are given, with these used to illustrate distinctive features of Russian interpersonal communication in some scenes and how interpersonal communication is culturally patterned and shaped.

Significant others are often crucial for suicidal persons or suicide attempters’ access to care, yet little is known about their efforts to seek help. This article presents the findings of a qualitative pilot study carried out in Switzerland on the help-seeking process of 18 significant others, their perception of the care received by their loved one, and the interactions and collaboration they experienced with professionals. Most significant others repeatedly sought out support for their loved one and themselves. The help-seeking process seemed mostly difficult, was seldom successful on the first attempt, and was filled with multiple difficulties, such as availability and continuity of care and cooperation issues with professionals. Two-thirds of participants were not satisfied with the care provided to their loved ones and half of them faced challenges in their cooperation with professionals, i.e., poor sharing of information or not being acknowledged as partners or supported by professionals. Based on their experience, providing education about suicidal crises and care programs to significant others might lighten their burden and improve their cooperation with professionals, who in turn may benefit from training in communication issues and specific methods of cooperation with significant others in suicidal situations.

Background: Individuals share information and form relationships to improve collaboration and joint organisational performance. However, managing these interpersonal relationships within a supply chain management perspective is one of the lesser understood and researched areas within this discipline.Objectives: The research was aimed to investigate the negative effects of interpersonal relationships between those individuals who represent organisations that buy and supply logistics services.Method: The research was carried out by the use of a descriptive qualitative research design. Eighteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 suppliers and 8 buyers of logistic services within the South African third party logistics industry.Findings: Firstly, the results indicate that the primary reason for interpersonal relationships is firstly for improved professional interest and secondly for genuine friendships. Without continuing commitment or intention to maintain the interpersonal relationship between these individuals, it is not possible to sustain the associated benefits of forming interpersonal relationships. Secondly, the findings indicate that enhanced trust, within interpersonal relationships, is similar to business-to-business partnerships which evolve through stages of exploration, formalisation and maturity. Organisations should rather focus to improve competence-based trust than individual interpersonal trust. Thirdly, relationship asymmetry, gender differences and the aptitude to adjust to disparate personalities may steer the interpersonal relationship towards the dark side. Lastly, the benefits of interpersonal relationships have been proven; however, these interpersonal relationships may be difficult to manage over time and can also be the foundation of suboptimal decisions if the relationship takes precedence over business interest.Conclusion: Managers should not underestimate the potential hegemony between individuals who have interpersonal relationships. Relationships require upkeep, personal involvement, attention and trust. Interpersonal relationship intentions without formal safety measures, such as organisational governance and policies, can expose and even diminish the strongest organisational alliances to suboptimal performance and reduced profitability.

This paper reflects on the methodological complexities of producing emotionally-sensed knowledge about responses to family deaths in urban Senegal. Through engaging in 'uncomfortable reflexivity', we critically explore the multiple positionings of the research team comprised of UK, Senegalese and Burkinabé researchers and those of participants in Senegal and interrogate our own cultural assumptions. We explore the emotional labour of the research process from an ethic of care perspective and reflect on how our multiple positionings and emotions influence the production and interpretation of the data, particularly exemplified through our differing responses to diverse meanings of 'family' and religious refrains. We show how our approach of 'uncomfortable reflexivity' helps to reveal the work of emotions in research, thereby producing 'emotionally sensed knowledge' about responses to death and contributing to the cross-cultural study of emotions.

This chapter discusses corporate governance practices from the ethics of care perspective. The literature reviewed was selected based on several aspects, outlined as follows: 1. A review of previous studies that investigated, theoretically or empirically, corporate governance using the ethics of care. These include the discussion of the shareholder or stakeholder model, which best describes corporate governance from the ethics of care perspective. 2. A review of previous research that studied the risk management, enabling the possibility to undertake an analysis from an ethics of care perspective. 3. The interpretation of corporate governance practices from the feminist ethics of care perspective was applied in developing a financial planning model. Therefore, previous studies that have discussed accounting and financial reporting using the ethics of care were also reviewed. This is because the financial projection required accounting data from the financial reports as inputs for the model.

The purpose of this chapter is to study the elements of communication, and to explore the interrelations of interpersonal communication and effective leadership applications. Thanks to the leadership evolution, divergent leadership methodologies have rejuvenated classical studies. An empirical analysis of leadership traits, behaviors, characteristics, types, and styles (e.g., approaches) will be reviewed. Given the theories of leadership, a critical analysis on power and influence are also necessary to understand the sensitivities and delicacies of the leader-follower relationships. Because speaking, listening, writing, and reading are the basic forms of communication, the dynamics of communication is fundamental and an integral element to effective leadership application. Executives, directors, mangers, other leadership staffers, will find this chapter interesting as it aims to link the ideologies of communication-centered and interpersonal trust perspectives to leadership theologies. When analyzing the pragmatics of interpersonal communication, this chapter will examine the behavioral, attitudinal, cognitive-perceptual, and psychosocial processes that attribute to the communicable factors of one's thoughts, ideas, feelings, emotions, motives, attitudes, behaviors, and actions. This chapter may assist leaders in developing social and emotional intelligences. With the relentless pressure to change an organization, emotional and social intelligences give us an entirely new way of looking at the root causes of organizational dysfunctions. The scope and depth of EI and SI, employs interpersonal interactions that cultivates trust and continuity through an exchange of meaningful messages.

This chapter provides information regarding the importance of interpersonal communication in work settings. Whether in corporations or in educational settings, effective interpersonal communication is paramount, and required to ensure that pertinent information is properly conveyed. This is important to strategic leadership in that much thought and discussion must be focused on how, when, where, and what leaders communicate. If these elements are properly considered, organizations will be better positioned to benefit from positive outcomes yielded from a strategic approach to communication. Interpersonal communication is an abstract element that has significant implications for all organizations.

Background A link between ‘quality of life’ and ‘connectedness’ is emerging in the literature. However, there has been little debate on what ‘connectedness’ means and how it can be fostered in long-term care settings. This review examines the meaning of ‘connectedness’ in long-term care. Aim This paper critically examines the meaning of ‘connectedness’ in the context of its contribution to the quality of life of older people living in long-term care settings. Method Key databases (CINAHL, PsychInfo and Medline) were searched systematically. Fourteen papers and two book chapters met the inclusion criterion of papers exploring ‘connectedness for older people in residential care’. Conclusions The experience of connectedness for older people in long-term care settings is linked with quality of life and successful ageing. Fundamental prerequisites of connectedness for older people are: self-awareness, meaningful relationships with family and friends, involvement in meaningful activities and connections with wider society. However, barriers to these prerequisites are evident for many residents in long-term care settings. Implications for practice Register and Herman (Advances in Nursing Science, 33, 2010, 53) identify six connections that combine to generate connectedness for older people. These connections are representative of the factors associated with increased quality of life for residents living in long-term care settings. The six connections are helpful in identifying areas to focus on when planning person-centred care.

This study explores whether or not technology-mediated interpersonal communication activities with co-ethnics weakens the vital role that direct social engagements with members of the host society play in the cross-cultural adaptation process. Grounded in Kim's integrative theory of cross-cultural adaptation, this study addresses this question through a detailed examination of the extent to which non-natives participate in face-to-face and mediated “host interpersonal communication” and “ethnic interpersonal communication” through dyadic relationships and organizational affiliations. The analysis utilizes portions of the quantitative and qualitative data obtained from in-depth interviews with 51 relatively well-educated foreign-born residents in the United States. The results indicate that: (1) technology-mediated forms of communication such as email and the Internet serve as the primary means for maintaining contacts with family and friends who remain in the country of origin; (2) non-natives are engaged predominantly in activities of host interpersonal communication rather than ethnic interpersonal communication; and (3) non-natives’ involvements in direct host interpersonal communication, but not their ethnic interpersonal communication, are significantly correlated with their functional and psychological well-being. These and related findings suggest the continuing primacy of non-natives’ direct social engagement with members of the host society in the cross-cultural adaptation process.

Background A women-centered approach can improve the quality of patient care. Objective To review issues in the provision of obstetric care from a patient-centered care perspective in Nigeria. Search strategy Using terms related to maternal and perinatal mortality, in combination with “Nigeria”, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Knowledge, and African Journal Online were searched, between December 1, 2013 and January 31, 2014, for articles in any language. Selection criteria Articles published in a Nigerian setting after 2000 that investigated causes of and circumstance surrounding maternal deaths and complications, or clinical practice related to maternal care were included. Data collection and analysis Data were extracted by two reviewers using a standardized abstraction form and were analyzed from a patient-centered perspective. Main results The analysis included 57 studies. Clandestine induced abortions, lack of prenatal care, delays in seeking care, and the use of spiritual churches for delivery were found to contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions Healthcare systems respond inadequately to patients' needs in terms of abortion care, information sharing, transitioning between prenatal and obstetric care, and patients' non-medical needs. Data from clinician-led maternal death audits provided insights into how women-centered care can be provided; nonetheless, more-focused studies from a primarily patient-centered perspective are warranted.

Resumo Pretende-se analisar os saberes e práticas de psicólogos que atuam na rede de Saúde Mental, bem como seus efeitos na produção do cuidado e modos de implicação destes profissionais com o processo de Reforma Psiquiátrica em curso no país. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, com uso de entrevista semiestruturada (n = 29) e observação dos processos de trabalho e organização dos serviços localizados em Teresina-PI: CAPS, Unidades Básicas de Saúde, serviços ambulatoriais, hospitais psiquiátricos e gerência de Saúde Mental. Os resultados indicam que a formação graduada e pós-graduada aporta poucos conhecimentos teóricos e práticos para os psicólogos atuarem na Saúde Mental. Os norteadores teórico-técnicos e prático-profissionais escolhidos pelos entrevistados indicam um compromisso com o saber-fazer clássico do psicólogo, pouco consoante com a perspectiva da Atenção Psicossocial, e consequentemente, com a sustentação política do processo de Reforma Psiquiátrica e Luta Antimanicomial. Abstract The objective is to analyze the knowledge and the practices of psychologists acting in Mental Health, as well as its effects on the care production and in the ways as those professionals are implicated on the Psychiatric Reform process undergoing in the country. It is a qualitative study, using semi-structured interview (n = 29) and observing the work processes and services organization: CAPS, primary health unities and outpatient services, psychiatric hospitals and mental health management. Results indicated that undergraduate and postgraduate formation favored little support for Piauí psychologists to act in Mental Health. The theoretical-technical and practical-professional guiding chosen by the respondents qualify them as well committed professional with the classic know-how of what defines the psychologist nature of work; on the other hand, they place us little consonant with the psychosocial care perspective, consequently, with political sustentation for the process of psychiatric reform underway in the country.

Anastomotic leak after bariatric surgery is a rare complication with a recent prevalence ranging from 0.8% to 1.5%. The complication nevertheless can result in morbidity and even mortality. The purpose of this paper is to present a patient who suffered from an anastomotic leak presenting 2 days after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in our intensive care unit. Review of the current literature regarding this complication from critical care perspective is also attempted.

Interpersonal care is positively associated with patient satisfaction; however, patients may not be able to appreciate their caregivers' technical skills. This cross-sectional telephone survey of trauma patients examined the relationships between patient perceptions of interpersonal care (PIC) and perceived technical care (PTC) and global satisfaction (GS). Structural equation modeling indicated a significant direct effect of PIC on PTC and PTC on GS. Fit indices showed the hypothesized paths significantly improved the model. Strong positive relationships exist between patients' PIC and PTC and GS. Patients unacquainted with technical aspects of health care may make judgments based on satisfaction with perceived interpersonal care.

This survey explored the perceptions of South African professional accountants regarding the phenomenon interpersonal communication within their day-to-day experiences within their organisational settings and the perceived role of interpersonal communication in organisations. The literature on the concepts interpersonal communication, organisational communication and perception as elements of communication theory and the findings of the survey revealed that (1) interpersonal communication, as a relational process, assumes the middle ground between its transactional and relational nature. The social relational model describes interpersonal communication from a social point of view, whereas accountants refer to its relational nature only on a professional basis or when it concerns business; (2) accountants do not necessarily define themselves in terms of human communication but rather on the work that they do, and as such, whenever accountants are dealt with or addressed on their relations in the work place, their work should be the point of departure; and (3) interpersonal communication is perceived to have an important role not only in enhancing the human element in the profession but also as a primary basis of individuals' professional and personal identity. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

People often adopt self-image goals to increase others' regard for them and perhaps their own self-esteem. But do these impression management goals achieve their intended result in close relationships? And do they endure over time? We suggest that self-image goals predict decreased self-esteem and close others' regard for the self through decreased responsiveness to others. In contrast, compassionate goals, which reflect a genuine concern for others' well-being, predict increased self-esteem and others' regard through increased responsiveness. We tested these hypotheses in a longitudinal study of college roommates followed across a semester. Path analyses supported both predictions, suggesting a paradox for interpersonal goals in close relationships: explicit attempts to increase close others' regard for the self backfire and damage self-esteem, but having goals to meet others' needs result in others' positive regard and promote self-esteem. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The adoption of personalisation as the principle on which policy and practices for social care in England should be developed has been hailed as marking a fundamental transformation in the nature of social care and the experiences of service users. This article examines both the discourse of personalisation and the practices that are being adopted to implement this from an ethic of care perspective. It adopts an approach based on Sevenhuijsen's ‘Trace’ analysis to trace the normative frameworks in key policy documents (in particular Putting People First), noting that critics of care have largely succeeded in relegating care to a marginal position within policy discourse and that a relational sensibility is largely absent within this. The article considers the practices associated with personalisation in relation to the moral principles of an ethic of care and conceptions of the ‘individual’ within these. It addresses the implications of this approach for broader political and policy issues: the universali...

Objectives: To have students identify and explain concepts of communication, self-disclosure and empowerment, and promote engagement of self and others through performing narratives of real-life experiences. Courses: Interpersonal Communication, Advanced Interpersonal Communication, Cross Cultural Communication, Communication and Performance

The concept of communication competence has developed in the area of nonmediated interpersonal communication. With the advent of digital media, interpersonal communication has been heavily dependent on interpersonal media. The sharp distinction between theories for nonmediated communication and mediated communication is disappearing. The interconnectedness of face-to-face communication and mediated interpersonal communication is a salient current phenomenon. To explore the relation between two communication types this study investigated the relevance of the concept of communication competence with the interpersonal digital media; mobile phone, SMS, and instant messenger. Three facets were examined in particular: namely, the direct effects of communication competence and the indirect effects through individuals' cognitive process for interpersonal media and individuals' characteristics in interpersonal communication. The hypothesized model of mediated interpersonal communication competence was analyzed using structural equation model. The results revealed that communication competence was positively associated with mediated interpersonal communication competence. The indirect effects of communication competence through media efficacy and social presence were empirically supported. Relationship maintenance was found to mediate the effect of communication competence on mediated interpersonal communication competence. The links of two different communication fields and the theoretical implications of the findings were further discussed.

Within the framework of constructivism, and more specifically personal construct psychology, the current research aims at exploring self-construction and interpersonal relationships of juveniles living in residential communities. It proposes a method of doing so that is coherent with the framework adopted. Repertory grids were used with 59 youths, ages 9 to 20 years, and 176 significant others (father, mother, houseparent, and a teacher or employer); interpersonal distances were measured. Identification with others and an authority, perceived change, self and social acceptance, social negativity, self-fulfillment, commonality, and sociality led to the discrimination of different profiles that indicate different (inter)personal configurations.

Aim: This article is a report of a study of the experiences of expert critical care nurses in their transition to the role of advanced nurse practitioner within an intensive care unit (ICU) setting. Background: The advanced nurse practitioner role was developed to support the ICU team and to undertake many of the roles traditionally associated with junior medical staff in this specialized area. The impetus for this study therefore was generated from the need to explore the role development experiences of trainee advanced nurse practitioners to inform future developments and practice. Methods: This study used grounded theory methodology to conduct and analyse data from 25 participants. The data were collected between March 2010 and August 2010, using interview format. Data collection and analysis was conducted simultaneously using methods associated with grounded theory, theoretical sampling and the constant comparative method. Results:‘Staying the course to advanced nursing practice’ emerged as the core category, with four related major categories and substantive codes. In conjunction, the substantive theory explaining the essential processes involved comprised of three inextricably linked processes: situational, development and conceptual meaning. The developed conceptual model captures the unique experiences of expert critical care nurses during their transition to confident and competent advanced nurse practitioners. Conclusion: This study provides an account of the role transition from expert critical care nurse to advanced nurse practitioner, specifically the synthesis of expert nursing practice with traditional medical values. The conceptual model has the potential to be utilized as a framework for others embarking upon similar projects, informing advanced nurse practitioner roles within and out with critical care settings.

This article examines what an ethic of care could offer to discussions about Europe's increasing cultural diversity by analyzing the important White Paper on Intercultural Dialogue published by the Council of Europe in 2008. The authors consider the White Paper from the perspective of the political ethic of care and thus examine its adequacy in dealing with issues of care. Their point of departure is that policy texts display normative ways of speaking about certain issues – in this case, issues of diversity, multiculturalism and citizenship in Europe. They first contextualize the discussions for promoting intercultural dialogue in the Council of Europe and analyze the normative framework of the White Paper. Then, they use the care perspective as a lens to comment on notions of diversity, multiculturalism and citizenship. Finally, they discuss how the notion of care as a citizenship issue could contribute towards further development of discussions on citizenship education and intercultural dialogue in Europe.

Courses: Interpersonal Communication, Communication and Conflict Objectives: Students will develop theoretical knowledge of specific student-selected interpersonal communication theories and concepts. Students will apply theoretical knowledge to their own communication practices and track improvement over time.

El artículo tiene como objetivo problematizar las relaciones micropolíticas producidas en el Centro de Atención Psicosocial (caps) de Alegrete-RS, enfoncando los principios éticos de las relaciones de los trabajadores con la clientela y en el trabajo en equipo, identificando las aproximaciones y los distanciamientos con las propuestas de atención psicosocial. Se trata de un estudio de abordaje cualitativo, descriptivo y analítico. Se realizaron entrevistas con los usuarios y trabajadores, y observación participante. Se encontraron aspectos de movilización subjetiva, innovación y creación de relaciones que producen rupturas en las prácticas institucionales, potencializando la subjetivación, los agenciamientos, las resistencias y la invención de diversos dispositivos de relación e interacción en la sociedad, produciendo territorios existenciales en la perspectiva de la atención psicosocial. Las relaciones micropolíticas trabajan para agenciar procesos de producción de sentido y valorización de los saberes, caracterizando una postura ética en el ámbito de las relaciones

Purpose of review There is considerable interest in glutamine and selenium in critical care as both offer the potential to enhance host defences, through different but complimentary mechanisms and may reduce subsequent infections and mortality. The SIGNET trial (randomized controlled factorial trial) is the largest, critical care study of both supplements. The data have been presented publicly, but the data are not published or available for review and will therefore not be discussed fully in this update. In the present review I will explore the recently available (past 1-2 years) published literature. Recent findings The current literature demonstrates that there are currently insufficient data to enable confident recommendations on the optimal route, timing, duration and dosage of each of these nutritional supplements. The pending results of SIGNET, the largest critical care trial of parenteral nutrition supplemented by glutamine and or selenium promises to clarify some of the current ambiguities and inform future practice. Summary To be able to confidently establish or refute the hypothesis that either glutamine or selenium alone or in combination improves outcome in critical care requires a well designed prospective randomized controlled trial. To design such a trial we require the optimal dose and duration of the nutritional supplement (balancing efficacy and toxicity, ease of administration and cost) and then conduct an adequately powered trial. Such a trial is still lacking for these two agents. There are some supportive data for selenium but the case is less strong for parenteral glutamine and weakest for enteral glutamine.

Challenges with an ageing population are increasingly becoming a reality in the Western world. Since cognitive impairment increases with age, we can expect an increasing number of older people in need of care. The aim of this article is to describe, analyse and compare different focuses on care of older people with dementia, using examples from France, Portugal and Sweden. The questions are principally focused on the participants’ view about their tasks, the organisation of work, the professional role and cooperation with other professions. Everyday care was studied through observations and participant observations and the staff's opinion was explored by means of interviews. Twenty-two care settings for older people were included. The findings showed that France provided mainly ‘health care’, Sweden ‘social care’ and Portugal an integrated ‘health care and social care’. In a comparative perspective the Portuguese general care of older people, which focuses on integration of health care, social care and so...

Courses: Interpersonal Communication, Basic Course Objective: To identify and analyze interpersonal communication concepts in everyday interactions

In health care teams, lack of collaboration or inability to collaborate undermines the goal of providing holistic and comprehensive geriatric care. This study examines relational communication control used by hospice interdisciplinary team members in their attempt to share information and contribute to decision making in team meetings. Eighty-one hospice team discussions were coded for message control types. Analysis of the data found that the nurse’s role as primary reporter implicitly created a struggle for relational control among other team members within the meeting. This study concluded that a majority of interpersonal communication in the team meetings was aimed at gaining control of the information exchange. Future attention should be given to organizational policy aimed at shaping the structure of team meetings.

This article gives an overview of the nursing ethics arguments on euthanasia in general, and on nurses' involvement in euthanasia in particular, through an argument-based literature review. An in-depth study of these arguments in this literature will enable nurses to engage in the euthanasia debate. We critically appraised 41 publications published between January 1987 and June 2007. Nursing ethics arguments on (nurses' involvement in) euthanasia are guided primarily by the principles of respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence and justice. Ethical arguments related to the nursing profession are described. From a care perspective, we discuss arguments that evaluate to what degree euthanasia can be considered positively or negatively as a form of good nursing care. Most arguments in the principle-, profession- and care-orientated approaches to nursing ethics are used both pro and contra euthanasia in general, and nurses' involvement in euthanasia in particular.

All critically ill patients are at risk for hematological complications during their hospitalization. It is essential that critical care nurses understand the hematological system and common complications. The purpose of this article is to briefly review some basic hematologic concepts involving each of the 3 cell lines: the white blood cell, the red blood cell, and platelets. The content focuses on how to assess these cell lines when there is dysfunction. Examples of disease processes involving the increased and decreased production of each cell line as well as destruction processes are discussed from a critical care perspective. The critical care nurse needs to continually incorporate this information into practice as research continues to formulate critical care practice.

In the Journal of Moral Education, Sherblom (2008) examined several empirical and conceptual claims related to gender and morality and re‐envisioned the legacy of Gilligan's ‘care challenge’. He concluded that the moral and scientific legitimacy of the ethic of care has been established. However, his apologetic is flawed in major ways and scholarly integrity demands a rebuttal. This article exposes how Sherblom's analysis misconstrues some of the empirical claims, fails to present relevant data, entails an incomplete reading of Kohlberg's theory, imputes an impact on moral/character education that is unwarranted, disregards some significant problems in the conceptualisation of the ethic of care and draws conclusions that are indefensible. The primary claims of the care perspective have generally been discredited and Sherblom's attempt to advance its legacy fails. The time has come to move beyond these notions of a gendered moral psychology.

Course: Any undergraduate interpersonal communication course Objective: Students will apply interpersonal communication concepts and theories to their readings of short stories; the goal is for students to see the utility of course material for understanding human interaction.

Interpersonal communication is sometimes defined quantitatively (i.e., discourse between 2 and 4 interactants), though it may be defined qualitatively: Unlike mass-mediated communication, which is characterized by interactant anonymity and interchangeability, interpersonal communication hinges on the once-occurrence and noninterchangeability—the existential particularity—of interactants and interaction. Accordingly, this article advances a communicological orientation toward interpersonal communication by focusing on those aspects and dimensions of communication that critically depend on the once-occurrence and noninterchangeability of interactants and their interaction. I begin by exploring some main obstacles to recognizing particularity. Next, I examine how agency and efficacy in interpersonal communication amount to reckoning with once-occurrence and noninterchangeability. Finally, I illustrate the vitality of particularity in two domains of interpersonal communication: face-to-face conversation and f...

The predominant utilitarian conceptualization of stakeholder management within construction is reviewed. Utilitarianism will be contrasted with an ethics of nurture and care perspective. A credibility gap is identified in the utilitarian approach whereby individual parties in positions of power are unable to maximize net well‐being. The relationship management concept will be outlined and located within the ethics of care, showing how aggregated behaviours can be linked to this approach. Behaviours that management can facilitate will be outlined and links made with the ethics of care concerning stakeholder management. The analysis will conceptually establish how the credibility gap in stakeholder management can be bridged. Research into relationships within PPP/PFI projects will be explored. The relationships between the SPV and the public sector will provide a particular focus. Recommendations for practice and future research will draw the analysis to a conclusion.

This article examines the opportunities and obstacles for vulnerable and victimized children's participation in family law proceedings. With the help of a set of interviews with children, a framework for the analysis of vulnerable and victimized children's participation is outlined with reference to, on the one hand, the childhood studies debates concerning children's participation and, on the other hand, the contemporary debates about children as victims of crime when exposed to men's violence to women in their family. The authors argue that participation can be viewed as central not simply to a rights perspective on children, but also to a care perspective.

Purpose – Care process quality (i.e. how care is enacted by a care worker toward a client at the interpersonal level) is a strong predictor of satisfaction in a wide range of health care services. The purpose of this paper is to describe the basic elements of care process quality as user-oriented care. Specifically, the questions of how and why quality in user-oriented care varies were investigated in the context of elderly care. Design/methodology/approach – Two municipalities were selected for in-depth field studies. First, in each municipality, the authors interviewed and observed care workers’ interactions with the older persons in both home care and nursing homes during two weeks (Study 1). Second, in an attempt to gain a deeper understanding of why process quality in terms of user-oriented care varies, the authors conducted interviews with care workers and care unit managers (Study 2). Findings – A new taxonomy for categorizing process quality variation, the Big Five of user-oriented care (task-focus, person-focus, affect, cooperation, and time-use), is proposed. In addition, the perceived reasons for process quality variation are reported in our own developed Quality Agents Model, suggesting that variations in care process evaluations may be explained from different perspectives at multiple levels (i.e., older person, care worker-, unit-, department-, and municipality level). Originality/value – The proposed taxonomy and model are useful for describing user-oriented care quality and the reasons for its variations. These findings are of relevance for future quality developments of elderly care services, but also may be adapted to applications in any other enterprise employing a user-oriented approach.

Communication is the act of sharing information and it generally involves the use of oral or written symbols and, in other circumstances, it covers different types of nonverbal symbols such as body language, painting, music, crafts, sculpture or gestures. Building effective communication skills and relationships is often challenging, being the medium for group interactions, public relations and family. This study explores the interpersonal relationships of immigrants and it properly is a current topic because immigration to the European Union states has rapidly increased and immigrant groups are more diverse than ever before. The purpose is to analyze the immigrants attitudes, experiences but also expectations of their interpersonal communication and relationships and the way they expand and maintain them, and also to understand how interpersonal communication affects the immigrants adaptation to the new environment. The main rule of mutual respect is the basis for success in communication and relationships, as well as accepting and understanding cultural differences and the new language without judging them. Cultural differences are often easily identified and therefore, easy to adapt to, but others are considerably more difficult. In this respect, I considered as opportune to bring into question and compare important theories provided and investigated by specialists in interpersonal communication. They offer a clear overview and examination of understanding the immigrants participation to the process of interpersonal communication in the host country.

From a feminist care perspective, this article analyses how literary and ethnographic approaches represent care work and the relationship between the domestic employee and the employer, thus contributing to make visible the subaltern position of the careworker. The work of literature is illustrated through the example of the novel The Door by Magda Szabò. In this novel the starting point is the will of the writer to repair her betrayal towards the domestic worker Emerenc. Writing a novel, telling Emerenc ‘s life story, thus making her visible, is the way for Szabò to accomplish this reparation. Does this reparation comes from heroisation? In care novels, care-givers occupy the main stage: they are heroines, not in the sense of universal male heroism, but in one that emerges from the care stories read from a gender perspective. The ethnographic approach is considered through the work of Caroline Ibos Qui gardera nos enfants? This fieldwork is an inquiry about the relationship between Ivorian nannies and woman employers in the Paris region. The book relies mainly on the way the nannies tell their lives and migration. It shows why and how the employers need to keep invisible the daily presence of the foreign care worker in order to maintain intact the symbolic order of their appartement.; A partir de la perspective féministe du care, cet article propose une analyse mettant en regard la façon dont les approches littéraire et ethnographique parviennent à représenter la position subalterne de la travailleuse du care et la relation de care entre l’employée et l’employeuse domestique. Le travail de la littérature est étudié à partir du roman La Porte de Magda Szabò. Dans cet ouvrage, le déclenchement de l’histoire est la volonté de la part de l’écrivaine de réparer sa trahison envers l’employée domestique Emerenc. Cette réparation consiste pour Szabò dans l’écriture du récit de l’histoire de la vie d’Emerenc, qui devient ainsi visible. On se demande ensuite si cette réparation passe à travers une héroïsation du personnage de la travailleuse. Dans les romans de care les femmes care-givers occupent la scène principale: elles sont des héroïnes, non pas dans le sens de l’héroïsme universel masculin, mais de celui qui émerge des récits de care au prisme du genre. L’approche ethnographique est considérée à partir du livre de Caroline Ibos Qui gardera nos enfants? Cette enquête de terrain sur les relations entre nounous ivoiriennes et employeuses, en région parisienne laisse une large place aux paroles des nounous. Elle montre comment l’invisibilisation de la travailleuse du care répond à la nécessité pour l’employeuse de garder intact l’ordre symbolique de son appartement en dépit du passage quotidien de la femme étrangère.

This chapter describes the five moral elements of the political ethics of care—attentiveness, responsibility, competence, responsiveness and trust, as developed by Tronto (1993, 2013) and shows their relevance for methodologies in studying emotions in education. The political ethics of care is defined and described and contrasted to principle ethics. The five phases of care and the accompanying moral elements of these phases is presented, with each moral element in the normative framework being elaborated and described in detail in the chapter. To illustrate how the moral elements in the political ethics of care are important in investigating emotions, an example of South African social work students conducting research interviewing their own family members is used.