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Understanding soil phosphorus (P) distribution and its key drivers is fundamental for sustainable P management. In this study, a 21-year fertilization experiment on black soil was carried out, setting up five fertilization treatments: unfertilized control (CK), nitrogen and potassium (NK), nitrogen, P and potassium (NPK), NPK plus straw (NPKS), and NPK plus manure (NPKM). The distribution and effecting factors of P pools within soil aggregates were investigated. Compared to CK, the NK and NPK treatments decreased calcium-associated P concentration in all aggregate fractions. Meanwhile, the NPK treatment significantly increased the organic P extracted from NaOH in unaggregated particles (<0.053 mm). This was mainly due to the reduction in soil pH. The NPKS and NPKM treatments increased almost all P forms in aggregates, especially Ca-P. For the NPKM treatment, inorganic P extracted from resin, NaHCO3, and NaOH increased as aggregate size increased. This was mainly because straw or manure addition promoted soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in aggregates, creating more sorption sites via association with amorphous metallic minerals, and, thus, facilitating P accumulation. In conclusion, decreasing soil pH by chemical fertilizers is an effective strategy for mobilizing soil P, whereas increasing SOC by straw or manure facilitates P accumulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reveal the dose-effect relationship of edible fungi via low-energy heavy-ion implantation, the conidia of three species of edible fungi were irradiated with 15 keV nitrogen ions at different dosages (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14)×1015 cm-2. The effects of heavy ions on the etching, survival rate, and growth of mycelium in a plate culture and the biomass and polysaccharide content of mycelium in shake flask fermentation were studied. The results showed that low-energy heavy-ion implantation could evidently etch the conidia of edible fungi, and the survival rate curve showed a “saddle-shaped” dose effect as the implantation dose increased. Compared with those without ion implantation, the growth rate and density of mycelium in the plate culture were significantly different at each dose, and the diameter of the colony was more than 8.20 cm at the peak dose of the survival rate curve. There was a delayed effect of mycelium aging—particularly, there was no crust—on the 7th day of the plate culture at the peak dose of the survival rate curve. The biomass and polysaccharide content of mycelium in flask fermentation were different at each dose. The polysaccharide content of mycelium was generally high, and the biomass of mycelium reached a maximum at the peak dose of the survival rate curve, which was more than 15.30 g∙L-1 . This study provides an experimental basis and a methodological reference for the low-energy heavy-ion mutation breeding of edible fungi.

Objective To investigate the effect of methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3) on the migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and explore the underlying mechanism preliminarily. Methods The sgRNA targeting the first exon of METTL3 was designed with aid of online platform and synthesized, and then inserted into the lentiCRISPR v2 vector. Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were used to determine the protein expression of METTL3. Cell migration were detected by cell scratch test and transwell chamber assay. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation was employed to detect m6A modification of cell migration related gene, tyrosine kinase, LYN mRNA. And fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR) was adopted to detect the mRNA level of LYN. After recognition proteins IGF2BP1 and IGF2BP2 were knocked down with shRNA technique and YTHDF2 with siRNA, the expression levels of the 3 knockdown molecules and LYN were detected by qPCR. The interaction between LYN mRNA with IGF2BP2 was verified by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. qPCR was used to detect the half-life of LYN mRNA after actinomycin D was employed to inhibit the process of transcription. Results The HUVECs with METTL3 stable knockdown were successfully generated by CRISPR-Cas9. METTL3 knockdown resulted in obviously inhibited cell migration (P0.05), while knockdown of IGF2BP2 decreased the LYN mRNA level (P

This article aims at the deficiencies in the teaching of object-oriented programming courses in our school, guided by the OBE teaching concept, and aimed at cultivating applied talents. On the one hand, carry out teaching reform and practice, and carry out the design of the ideological and political education system of the course,so as to fully mobilize the initiative and enthusiasm of students,stimulate students' innovative ability, effectively cultivate students' innovative thinking ability and unity and cooperation ability, and then improve students' ability to solve problems.To provide guarantee for improving the quality of personnel training.

Sudan I is a cancer-causing chemical synthetic dye that is often illegally added to foods as a colorant. In this manuscript, based on molecularly imprinted polymers coated carbon dots (CDs@SiO2@MIPs), a novel fluorescence sensor is reported for the selective and sensitive determination of Sudan I. The sensor was prepared upon the surface of silica-coated carbon dots (CD@SiO2) by a one-pot sol-gel method using Sudan I as the template, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) as the monomer, and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as the crosslinker. Due to fluorescence resonance energy transfer, quenching occurred when CDs@SiO2@MIPs combined with Sudan I. The established sensor showed excellent recognition and performance for Sudan I with a wide linear range (1 to 120 μM) and low detection limit (0.61 μM). Furthermore, the sensor was successfully applied to determine Sudan I in chili powder and ketchup with recoveries from 89.7 to 101.7%. This work provides broad applications of fluorescence sensors based on CDs@SiO2@MIPs for the rapid analysis of food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the portfolio selection problem considering the uncertain investment time horizon. We employ the Period Value at Risk (PVaR) to characterise the risk in the special cases and establish a fundamental mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model to obtain the optimal portfolio solutions. Identifying that the symmetric property of PVaR can significantly reduce the computation burden of the CPLEX solver, an enhanced MILP model is proposed. To verify the quality of obtained solutions, we also develop fast lower and upper bound estimation schemes respectively. Using the real-world data sets from NYSE and NASDAQ stock markets, numerical results are provided to show the efficiency of the enhanced model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two rice genotypes Huanghuazhan (HHZ, heat-resistant) and IR36 (heat-susceptible) were subjected to high-temperature (HT, 40 °C) and normal-temperature (NT, 32 °C) treatments at the spikelet differentiation stage. HT treatment inhibited spikelet differentiation, aggravated spikelet degeneration, reduced spikelet size, and disordered carbohydrate allocation. Meanwhile, HT treatment increased nonstructural carbohydrate content in leaves, but decreased that in stems and young panicles, and the same tendencies of sucrose and starch contents were observed in leaves and stem. However, HT treatment significantly increased the sucrose content and sharply decreased the glucose and fructose contents in young panicles. Lower activity levels of soluble acid invertase (EC3.2.1.26) and sucrose synthase (EC2.4.1.13) were observed under HT treatment. Moreover, HT treatment reduced the activities of key enzymes associated with glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, which indicated sucrose consumption was inhibited in young panicles under HT treatment. Exogenous glucose and fructose applied under HT treatment increased the spikelet number more than exogenous sucrose. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that the reduction of spikelet number under high temperature was more affected by the decrease in sugar consumption than the blocking of sucrose transport. The impairment of sucrose hydrolysis was the main reason for the inhibition of sugar utilization. Keywords: Rice, High temperature, Panicle development, Spikelet number, Carbohydrate allocation, Sugar consumption