Search

Correction to: I Nature Communications i https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36271-z, published online 14 February 2023 The original version of this Article contained an error in Fig. This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article. [Extracted from the article]

Objective Methods Results Conclusion The craniovertebral junction (CVJ) presents intricate anatomical challenges. In severe or irreducible malformations, complications such as reduction loss and fixation failure may occur, necessitating revision surgery. The posterior facet joint distraction and fusion (PFDF) technique, offers a solely posterior approach for revisions. Hence, we delineate varied revision scenarios, proposing surgical strategies and technical details to enhance outcomes and mitigate risks, thereby enriching the neurosurgical community's repertoire.This was a retrospective cohort study, analyzed patient data from Xuanwu Hospital, between 2017 to 2023. All patients had a history of surgical treatment for CVJ malformations, and experienced failure or loss of reduction. The distance from the odontoid process tip to the Chamberlain's line (DCL), the atlantodental interval (ADI), clivus‐canal angle, cervicomedullary angle, width of subarachnoid space, CVJ area, and width of syrinx were used for radiographic assessment. Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores and SF‐12 scores were used for clinical assessment. Independent sample t‐tests were employed. A significance level of p < 0.05 indicates statistically significant differences.We analyzed data from 35 patients. For patients who underwent PFDF, the postoperative DCL, ADI, and clivus‐canal angle significantly improved. For all patients, the postoperative cervicomedullary angle, width of subarachnoid space, CVJ area, and width of syrinx all demonstrated significant improvement, indicating the relief of neural compression. All patients showed significant improvement in both symptoms and clinical assessments.Severe atlantoaxial joint locking or ligament contracting are the fundamental cause of reduction and fixation failure. Anterior odontoidectomy is indicated for patients with robust bony fusion of the atlantoaxial joint in an unreduced position. The PFDF technique is safe and effective for patients with incomplete atlantoaxial bony fusion. Preoperative assessment of surgical feasibility and vertebral artery status ensures surgical safety and efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The performance of Mn-Na 2 WO 4 /SiO 2 catalysts in CL-OCM can be significantly improved by cofed water. • Water does not alter the scheme of product formation but influences their kinetics. • Water facilitates the releasability of lattice oxygen. • The role of MnO x and Na 2 WO 4 is shown by in situ XRD and UV–vis spectroscopy. The oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) to C 2 H 6 and C 2 H 4 (C 2 -hydrocarbons) is an industrially attractive reaction, which has not yet been commercialized. Apart from the low selectivity to C 2 -hydrocarbons at high degrees of CH 4 conversion, another substantial drawback is the necessity to use pure O 2 when this oxidant and methane are cofed. Original OCM studies used an approach called chemical looping OCM (CL-OCM) that consists of alternating feeding of methane and air for product formation and catalyst reoxidation, respectively. The developed catalysts, however, suffer from their low ability to provide lattice oxygen for the desired reaction. Herein, we demonstrate that this catalyst property can be significantly improved when performing CL-OCM over Mn-Na 2 WO 4 /SiO 2 catalysts in the presence of water. In comparison to water-free CL-OCM, both methane conversion and C 2 -hydrocarbons selectivity increase resulting in at least doubling of the yield of these products. The selectivity to ethylene of about 53 % was obtained at about 24 % CH 4 conversion. The total selectivity to C 2 -hydrocarbons was about 76 %. The analysis of selectivity-conversion relationships for C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 6 , CO and CO 2 proved that water does not alter their general formation pathways but influences the kinetics of their formation. In situ X-ray diffraction, in situ UV–vis spectroscopic, and temperature-programmed tests (H 2 -TPR and O 2 -TPD with or without cofed H 2 O) showed that Mn 2 O 3 acts as the oxygen carrier in CL-OCM. In-situ DRIFTS proved the presence of O 2 – and O 2 2–. They can interact with water yielding OH radicals that accelerate CH 4 conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Metallic Co0 species in situ formed are suggested to be the main active sites for PDH. • CoO x but not Co0 is responsible for the formation of undesired products. • Transformation of CoO x to Co0 depends on the strength of CoO x -support interactions. • Co/Silicalite-1 showed the C 3 H 6 space time yield of 1.50 kg·h−1·kg cat −1 at 550 °C. Although Co-containing catalysts show attractive performance in the non-oxidative propane dehydrogenation to propylene (PDH), their tailored development is hindered by the ambiguity in the kind of active sites (Co0 or Co2+O x) responsible for selective and unselective pathways. Herein, we demonstrate that supported CoO x species expends its lattice oxygen through oxidation of C 3 H 8 to CO 2 /C 3 H 6 and are accordingly transformed into Co0 species. The latter are decisive for the selective dehydrogenation of propane to propylene with high activity. The ability of CoO x to in situ form Co0 is affected by metal-oxide-support interactions (MOSI). In addition to the kind of support, defective OH groups (OH nests) in ZSM-5-type zeolites seem to be relevant for the MOSI effect. In comparison with previous studies highlighting the importance of the size of CoO x species and their acidity for coke formation, we could not establish any direct correlation. Nevertheless, the presence of CoO x seems to be relevant for this undesired reaction because the formation of coke is hindered when CoO x species are transformed to Co0 species. Catalyst acidic sites are responsible for cracking reactions. Thus, the derived mechanistic insights reveal the nature of active sites both for selective and unselective pathways and provide fundamentals for catalyst development. From an industrial viewpoint, the developed Co/Silicalite-1 (Co/S-1) catalyst with the weakest MOSI and accordingly highest fraction of Co0 showed the space time yield of propylene formation of 1.50 kg·h−1·kg cat −1 at 67 % equilibrium propane conversion and propylene selectivity of 95.3 % and the Co-related TOF value of 0.145 s−1 at 550 °C. These both activity values exceed those of the state-of-the-art Co-containing catalysts. The productivity of Co/S-1 is comparable or even higher than that of industrially relevant Pt- or Cr-containing catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the research progress of the coracoid transfer surgery using suture button fixation, particularly focusing on the technique known as Chinese unique Inlay Bristow (Cuistow surgery)., Methods: Extensive literature review was conducted to summarize and analyze the utilization of suture button fixation in the Cuistow surgery, comparing its biomechanical and clinical outcomes with those of traditional screw fixation., Results: Utilizing suture button fixation in coracoid transfer surgery helps circumvent certain metal-related complications associated with traditional screw fixation. While its biomechanical stability and effectiveness have been preliminarily confirmed, debates persist regarding its graft healing rate and postoperative recurrence rate compared to traditional screw fixation. The Cuistow surgery based on the Inlay structure is a solution to improve the healing rate of graft after suture button fixation., Conclusion: Suture button fixation, as a novel approach in coracoid transfer surgery, remains to have its advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional screw fixation not entirely elucidated, underscoring the need for further in-depth clinical and fundamental research. Cuistow surgery is the Chinese experience of coracoid transfer surgery, and its biomechanical stability and clinical advantages have been preliminarily confirmed.

This study aims to prevent ice accumulation on the surface of drilling tools by investigating the effectiveness of hydrophobic coatings, which is one of the most promising methods to solve drilling difficulties in warm ice. Herein, four types of hydrophobic organic coatings that can be used on metal surfaces were tested to evaluate their anti-icing performance, service durability, and friction properties. All of them possess rough surfaces with microstructure characteristics such as pores, stripes, or micropapillae. They also exhibit hydrophobicity, with water contact angles of 101.6°, 100.0°, 103.1°, and 108.5°. They can significantly prolong the required freezing time of water droplets on their surfaces, effectively reduce ice adhesion, and decrease the friction between ice and their surface. The ice adhesion in the axial, tensile, and tangential directions can be reduced by 65.64 %, 56.31 %, and 72.11 %, respectively, for the coating with silicon (Si)-based and fluorine (F)-containin compounds (coating- C ) at -30 °C; while it can be reduced by 85.05 %, 73.9 %, and 94.2 %, respectively, for the coatings with Si-based and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) compounds (coating- D ). The two coatings mentioned above lose their anti-icing performance after 20 icing and de-icing cycles, and their hydrophobicity after 120 abrasion cycles under a load of 6 N., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors.)

Background: Rotator cuff tendinopathy (RCT) is a widespread musculoskeletal disorder and a primary cause of shoulder pain and limited function. The resulting pain and limited functionality have a detrimental impact on the overall quality of life. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of the effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) for RCT., Methods: The literature search was conducted on the following databases from inception to February 20, 2024: PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBSCO, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were checked to identify the potential studies exploring the effect of ESWT for the treatment of Rotator cuff tendinopathy (Calcification or non-calcification), control group for sham, other treatments (including placebo), without restriction of date, language. Two researchers independently screened literature, extracted data, evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies, and performed meta-analysis using RevMan 5.3 software., Results: A total of 16 RCTs with 1093 patients were included. The results showed that compared with the control group, ESWT for pain score Visual Analogue Scale/Score (VAS) (SMD = -1.95, 95% CI -2.47, -1.41, P < 0.00001), function score Constant-Murley score (CMS) (SMD = 1.30, 95% CI 0.67, 1.92, P < 0.00001), University of California Los Angeles score (UCLA) (SMD = 2.69, 95% CI 1.64, 3.74, P < 0.00001), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons form (ASES) (SMD = 1.29, 95% CI 0.93, 1.65, P < 0.00001), Range of motion (ROM) External rotation (SMD = 1.00, 95% CI 0.29, 1.72, P = 0.02), Total effective rate (TER) (OR = 3.64, 95% CI 1.85, 7.14, P = 0.0002), the differences in the above results were statistically significant. But ROM-Abduction (SMD = 0.72, 95% CI -0.22, 1.66, P = 0.13), the difference was not statistically significant., Conclusion: Currently limited evidence suggests that, compared with the control group, ESWT can provide better pain relief, functional recovery, and maintenance of function in patients with RCT., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

The dry reforming of methane provides an attractive route to convert greenhouse gases (CH 4 and CO 2 ) into valuable syngas, so as to resolve the carbon cycle and environmental issues. However, the development of high-performance catalysts remains a huge challenge. Herein, we report a 0.6% Ir/CeO 2-x catalyst with a metal-support interface structure which exhibits high CH 4 (~72%) and CO 2 (~82%) conversion and a CH 4 reaction rate of ~973 μmol CH4 g cat -1 s -1 which is stable over 100 h at 700 °C. The performance of the catalyst is close to the state-of-the-art in this area of research. A combination of in situ spectroscopic characterization and theoretical calculations highlight the importance of the interfacial structure as an intrinsic active center to facilitate the CH 4 dissociation (the rate-determining step) and the CH 2 * oxidation to CH 2 O* without coke formation, which accounts for the long-term stability. The catalyst in this work has a potential application prospect in the field of high-value utilization of carbon resources., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of arthroscopic surgery combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) compared with arthroscopic surgery alone in the treatment of patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears., Methods: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, EBSCO, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Database were systematically searched from inception to November 2023. Subject words combined with free words were used to collect randomized controlled trials focusing on arthroscopic surgery combined with PRP in the treatment of full-thickness rotator cuff tears. The assessment of evidence quality employed the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool, and data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software., Results: A total of 9 studies with 537 patients were included. The meta-analysis revealed that compared with the arthroscopic surgery alone group, the summary result of University of California Los Angeles score scores in the arthroscopic combined with PRP group was (mean difference [MD] = 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.19∼1.97, P = .02), subgroup analysis of surgical suture method visual analog scale (VAS) single-row (MD = -1.00, 95% CI -1.50 to -0.50, P < .0001), VAS double-row (MD = -0.10, 95% CI -0.17 to -0.02, P = .02), and Constant-Murley score single-row (MD = 3.49, 95% CI 0.32∼6.66, P = .03), the difference was statistically significant, and the differences in VAS, Constant-Murley score, and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand, complications, and retear rate were not statistically significant., Conclusions: Patients undergoing arthroscopic repair combined with PRP treatment showed no difference in pain, function, complications, and retear rate compared with those treated with arthroscopic surgery alone., Level of Evidence: Level II, systematic review and meta-analysis of Level I and II evidence., Competing Interests: Disclosures The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: supported by the Key Laboratory of Sports Medicine of Sichuan Province, Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University (No. 2023-A060), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82172423), the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (7222209), and the Clinical queue construction project of Peking University Third Hospital (BYSYDL2022006). All other authors (X.X., X.Y., Q.S., A.K., Z.D., and G.C.) declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper, (Copyright © 2024 Arthroscopy Association of North America. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM) was an important functional outcome measure specifically designed for spinal cord injury (SCI) patients, with the self-reported version of SCIM (SCIM-SR) published in 2013. This study aims to translate the SCIM-SR into Chinese, and to investigate the validity of Chinese SCIM-SR among SCI patients. This Chinese version of SCIM-SR was translated into Chinese in a standardized approach, and then filled out by a sample of patients with SCI (n = 205) within 3 days after admission. Validity of Chinese SCIM-SR was then analyzed using Rasch analysis and principal component analysis. The subscale Selfcare and subscale Mobility showed good fit to the Rasch model, with no significance found in Chi-square test results for item-trait interaction, using Bonferroni adjustment for the significant level (χ 2 =18.125, P = 0.111; χ 2 =33.629, P = 0.006). Mean fit residual for items and persons of each subscale were within ± 2.5. The model fit of the subscale of Respiration and Sphincter Management was not satisfactory even after deleting one item and merging two items with local dependence. However, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test was > 0.50 in total score and all the subscales of Chinese SCIM-SR, and P < 0.05 in the Bartlett's test. There was no differential item functioning for gender, time post injury, age, and etiology in any of the three subscales. An online version of Chinese SCIM-SR was also developed. It is concluded that the SCIM-SR in Chinese is valid for application in individuals with SCI. SCIM-SR is considered as an important tool for self-reporting functional status from SCI individuals' perspective., Competing Interests: No conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the author(s)., (© 2024 The Authors.)

Background: Compared with the Latarjet procedure, the Bristow procedure has a lower screw-related complication rate but poor bone healing. A modified Inlay Bristow procedure has been reported to significantly improve the bone healing rate, but the biomechanical mechanism is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical stability of the bone graft between a modified Inlay Bristow procedure and the classic Bristow procedure., Methods: Sixteen left scapula models (Sawbones, Composite Scapula, and fourth generation) were randomly divided into 2 groups (8:8). The bone graft in the first group was fixed with a 3.5 mm screw using the Inlay structure. The bone graft in the second group was fixed with a 3.5 mm screw via the traditional method. The maximum cyclic displacement, ultimate failure load and stiffness were evaluated biomechanically. The failure type was recorded for each model., Results: Cyclic loading tests demonstrated that the maximum cyclic displacement of the Inlay procedure was significantly smaller (P = .001) than that of the classic procedure. The Inlay Bristow technique resulted in a significantly higher (P = .024) ultimate failure load than the classic Bristow technique. The stiffness of the classic group was 19.17 ± 4.01 N/mm and that of the inlay group was 22.34 ± 5.35 N/mm (P = .232). Failure was mainly due to bone graft fractures through the drill hole or glenoid bone fractures., Conclusion: Inlay Bristow fixation of the bone graft in a Sawbones model provides significantly stronger fixation and better time point zero stability than classic Bristow fixation, suggesting a higher likelihood of graft union., (Copyright © 2023 Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Board of Trustees. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: To compare clinical and computed tomography outcomes between the arthroscopic Latarjet procedure and the arthroscopic Bristow procedure., Methods: Patients who underwent arthroscopic Latarjet or Bristow procedures with at least 2 years of follow-up were retrospectively reviewed. Thirty-eight shoulders were included in the Latarjet group, and 34 were included in the Bristow group. Recurrence of dislocation, clinical scores, rate of return to sports (RTS), and computed tomography assessment findings (position of transferred coracoid, graft healing, graft absorption, and glenohumeral degenerative osteoarthritis [OA]) were obtained at final follow-up., Results: No recurrent dislocation occurred in either group, and no significant differences in clinical scores were found between the 2 procedures, with a mean follow-up period of 3.4 years. The operative time in the Bristow group was significantly shorter than that in the Latarjet group (P < .001). The transferred coracoid had healed in 94.7% of the patients in the Latarjet group and 85.3% in the Bristow group at final follow-up (P = .01). No significant difference in graft absorption or the degree of glenohumeral OA was detected between the 2 groups. However, moderate to severe OA only occurred in the Latarjet group at final follow-up (4 of 38 shoulders, 10.5%). The postoperative external rotation angle and level of RTS favored the Latarjet procedure (P = .030 and P = .034, respectively)., Conclusions: Both the arthroscopic Latarjet and arthroscopic Bristow procedures led to good clinical scores with no new dislocation episodes. The Bristow group showed significantly less graft healing than the Latarjet group. However, the arthroscopic Bristow procedure took less operative time and showed a lower rate of early moderate to severe glenohumeral OA, better range of motion, and a higher rate of RTS., Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative therapeutic trial., (Copyright © 2023 Arthroscopy Association of North America. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: This study aims to determine the rate of different levels of return to sports (RTS) in athletes undergoing the modified arthroscopic Bristow procedure and the factors associated with the level of RTS., Methods: The study was performed retrospectively on patients with traumatic anterior shoulder instability who underwent the modified arthroscopic Bristow procedure with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. The RTS rate, the level of return and the timing of return were assessed. Additionally, factors such as preoperative basic information, clinical outcomes, graft position, graft healing and graft absorption were analysed to investigate their correlation with the level of RTS. Multivariate regression models were used to evaluate the factors affecting the level of RTS., Results: In total, this study included 182 shoulders of 177 athletes undergoing the modified arthroscopic Bristow procedure. Of these patients, 142 (78.0%) shoulders of 137 athletes were enrolled, with a mean of 3.3-year follow-up. At the final follow-up, 134 (94.4%) shoulders were able to RTS, 123 (86.6%) shoulders were able to RTS to the pre-injury level, 52 (36.6%) shoulders could be completely "forgotten" without any psychological barrier during exercise. The multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the variable associated with RTS at the pre-injury level as previously failed arthroscopic Bankart repair (p < 0.001). As for the "forgetting" operated shoulder, the duration from first dislocation to surgery was a significant independent predictor (p = 0.034)., Conclusion: Although a large majority of athletes were able to RTS at the pre-injury level after the modified arthroscopic Bristow procedure, about two-thirds of the athletes felt difference in shoulders on both sides and could not completely "forget" the operated shoulder during exercise. Previously failed Bankart repair and the duration from first dislocation to surgery were the risk factors associated with the level of RTS after the modified arthroscopic Bristow procedure., Level of Evidence: IV., (© 2023. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery, Arthroscopy (ESSKA).)

Objective: To review the research progress of the biomechanical study of the Bristow-Latarjet procedure for anterior shoulder dislocation., Methods: The related biomechanical literature of Bristow-Latarjet procedure for anterior shoulder dislocation was extensively reviewed and summarized., Results: The current literature suggests that when performing Bristow-Latarjet procedure, care should be taken to fix the bone block edge flush with the glenoid in the sagittal plane in the direction where the rupture of the joint capsule occurs. If traditional screw fixation is used, a double-cortical screw fixation should be applied, while details such as screw material have less influence on the biomechanical characteristics. Cortical button fixation is slightly inferior to screws in terms of biomechanical performance. The most frequent site of postoperative bone resorption is the proximal-medial part of the bone block, and the cause of bone resorption at this site may be related to the stress shielding caused by the screw., Conclusion: There is no detailed standardized guidance for bone block fixation. The optimal clinical treatment plan for different degrees of injury, the factors influencing postoperative bone healing and remodeling, and the postoperative osteoarticular surface pressure still need to be further clarified by high-quality biomechanical studies.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical characteristics of intratendinous subscapularis (inSSC) tears., Methods: Retrospectively, 69 patients with arthroscopically confirmed inSSC tears were identified from 2018 to 2019. Preoperatively and at final follow-up, thorough physical examination was performed and clinical outcomes (American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons [ASES] score; University of California, Los Angeles [UCLA] score; visual analogue scale [VAS] for pain; and Simple Shoulder Test [SST]) were recorded. Features of pre-operative magnetic resonance image (MRI) such as high signalling within the tendon substance, communication to the bicipital groove and long head of biceps tendon (LHBT) lesions were investigated. Characteristics of arthroscopic view were investigated. Bear-hug and internal rotation resistance test at 90° abduction and external rotation (IRRT90°) test were used to assess the SSC strength., Results: The mean follow-up was 2.4 (2-3) years. The prevalence of arthroscopically confirmed inSSC tears was 69/675 (10.2%) among arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs. Pre-operative physical examination found positive IRRT90° and bear-hug test in 41/60 (68.3%) and 42/69 (60.8%) patients, respectively. The Cohen kappa coefficient was interpreted to be substantial for the evaluation of all MRI parameters. According to the conditions of LHBT, inSSC tears were classified into 3 types: type I: without LHBT subluxation and tear; type II: with LHBT subluxation or tears and type III: with LHBT dislocation. At final follow-up, mean ASES, UCLA, VAS, and SST scores improved significantly from mean of 50.6 ± 14.7, 19.4 ± 3.07, 6.2 ± 2.0, and 6.1 ± 2.5 to mean of 90.7 ± 9.5, 32.2 ± 1.8, 1.4 ± 1.2 and 9.8 ± 2.2, respectively (P < 0.001). Bilateral symmetric strength was found by bear-hug and IRRT90° test in all patients postoperatively., Conclusion: Understanding features of pre-operative MRI, physical examination and arthroscopic view is helpful to identify inSSC tears. Arthroscopic repair yielded satisfactory clinical outcomes in patients with inSSC tears., Level of Evidence: Level IV., (© 2022. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery, Arthroscopy (ESSKA).)

The CO 2 methanation reaction, which achieves the carbon cycle and gains value-added chemicals, has attracted much attention, but the design and exploitation of highly active catalysts remain a big challenge. Herein, zirconium dioxide-supported Ni catalysts toward low-temperature CO 2 methanation are obtained via structural topological transformation of NiZrAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH) precursors, which have the feature of an interfacial structure (Ni-O-Zr 3+ -Vö) between Ni nanoparticles and ZrO 2- x support (0 < x < 1). The optimized catalyst (Ni/ZrO 2- x -S2) exhibits exceptional CO 2 conversion (∼72%) at a temperature as low as 230 °C with a ∼100% selectivity to CH 4 , without obvious catalyst deactivation within a 110 h reaction at a high gas hourly space velocity of 30,000 mL·g -1 ·h -1 . Markedly, the space-time yield of CH 4 reaches up to ∼0.17 m o l C H 4 ·g cat -1 ·h -1 , which is superior to previously reported Ni catalysts evaluated under similar reaction conditions. Both in situ/operando investigations (diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and X-ray absorption fine structure) and catalytic evaluations substantiate the interfacial synergistic catalysis at the Ni/ZrO 2- x interface: the Zr 3+ -Vö facilitates the activation adsorption of CO 2 , while the H 2 molecule experiences dissociation at the metallic Ni sites. This work demonstrates that the metal-support interface effect plays a key role in improving the catalytic behavior toward CO 2 methanation, which can be extended to other high-performance heterogeneous catalysts toward structure-sensitive systems.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major staple food for more than one-third of the world's population. Tiller number is an important agronomic trait in wheat, but only few related genes have been cloned. Here, we isolate a wheat mutant, tiller number1 (tn1), with much fewer tillers. We clone the TN1 gene via map-based cloning: TN1 encodes an ankyrin repeat protein with a transmembrane domain (ANK-TM). We show that a single amino acid substitution in the third conserved ankyrin repeat domain causes the decreased tiller number of tn1 mutant plants. Resequencing and haplotype analysis indicate that TN1 is conserved in wheat landraces and modern cultivars. Further, we reveal that the expression level of the abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthetic gene TaNCED3 and ABA content are significantly increased in the shoot base and tiller bud of the tn1 mutants; TN1 but not tn1 could inhibit the binding of TaPYL to TaPP2C via direct interaction with TaPYL. Taken together, we clone a key wheat tiller number regulatory gene TN1, which promotes tiller bud outgrowth probably through inhibiting ABA biosynthesis and signaling., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

A variety of semi-volatile banned pesticides (SVBPs) are ubiquitous in soils of mid-latitude regions. SVBPs undertake complicated soil-gas exchange processes in mid-latitude regions, challenging the understanding of source or sink roles of soils for the semi-volatile contaminants. Herein, we develop structural equation models (SEMs) to unveil source or sink roles of mid-latitude soils (Liaoning, China) in winter and summer for 12 SVBPs (7 organochlorine and 5 organophosphorus pesticides). The 12 SVBPs exhibit different distribution patterns in soils, dependent of sampling seasons, soil characteristics, topographic/climate conditions of soil sites and chemical properties of compounds. SEM Model I (winter) and Model II (summer) reveal the distribution patterns of SVBPs in soils over season changes, indicating sink-source switches of soils for SVBPS from winter to summer. In winter, soil is a sink of 12 SVBPs in the study area, associated with the inputs of SVBPs in soils by air-particulate partition and dry depositions. However, in summer, soil is mainly a source of the same contaminants, mainly through the volatilization and leaching of SVBPs in soils. The sink-source switches of soils for SVBPs are usually dependent of chemical properties of compounds to higher extents than soil characteristics and topographic/climate conditions of soil sites, though these parameters pose different influences in winter and summer. It has been revealed that soil acts as a sink of SVBPs in winter, associated with the inputs of SVBPs in soils by air-particulate partition and dry depositions, whereas soil acts as a source of SVBPs in summer, mainly through the volatilization and leaching of SVBPs in soils. This finding may provide new insights into the unique distribution patterns of SVBPs in soils in mid-latitude regions., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: The purposes of our study were to determine normative C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) values from a retrospective review of patients with and without infection after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and to determine CRP and ESR threshold levels that can serve as diagnostic indicators of infection. We also tried to draw a curve of CRP and ESR value changes after treatment of ACL infection to evaluate the response to treatment of the infection., Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of arthroscopic ACL reconstruction patients from 2007 to 2008 (noninfection group) and all patients with postoperative intra-articular infection from 1997 to 2010 (infection group). We collected the CRP and ESR values on the third and fifth postoperative days in the noninfection group and before infection treatment and on the first, third, fifth, seventh, 10th, 14th, 21st, 28th, and 35th days after infection treatment in the infection group. Sensitivity, specificity, and Youden's index were calculated for different threshold values of CRP and ESR as predictors of infection. Receiver operator curves were obtained for CRP and ESR on the fifth postoperative day., Results: Of 122 patients, 83 had normal joints and 39 had septic joints. The mean CRP and ESR values in patients with septic joints were 101.9 mg/L and 57.1 mm/h, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the noninfection group (P < .01). A CRP value of 41 mg/L and ESR value of 32 mm/h were the optimal thresholds to predict an infection, which had the highest Youden's index of all calculated values and had sensitivity values of 94.1% and 91.2%, respectively, and specificity values of 97.6% and 80.5%, respectively. The peak CRP level after infection treatment occurred earlier than the peak ESR level (first day v third day) and returned to normal more quickly (21st day v 28th day)., Conclusions: Both CRP and ESR were helpful in determining the presence of a normal or septic joint. The threshold values of 41 mg/L for CRP and 32 mm/h for ESR had the most optimal sensitivity and specificity. The peak CRP level occurred earlier than the peak ESR level after treatment of postoperative infection and returned to normal more quickly. In this study CRP was more useful than ESR to evaluate the response of infection to treatment., Level of Evidence: Level IV, diagnostic study., (Copyright © 2014 Arthroscopy Association of North America. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: To determine the relation between tunnel placement and tunnel enlargement after single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction., Methods: Seventy-two subjects (mean age, 30.1 years; 17.5 months' follow-up) who underwent single-bundle ACL reconstruction with hamstring autograft were studied. EndoButton fixation (Ethicon, Somerville, NJ) was used on the femoral side, whereas staples were used on the tibial side. A transtibial femoral tunnel position technique was used in 53 subjects, whereas positioning through the medial portal was used in the other 19 cases. Tunnel enlargement was determined by comparing the diameter of the tunnel on the radiograph obtained after 12 months and the radiograph obtained instantly after the operation. The centers of the femoral and tibial tunnels and the angles between the graft and tibial plateau were also measured on standard radiographs. Clinical outcomes including KT-1000 assessment (MEDmetric, San Diego, CA) and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score were also collected in all patients. The relations between tunnel enlargement/tunnel position and knee joint laxity and IKDC score were analyzed., Results: The mean KT-1000 side-to-side difference significantly decreased, from 6.07 ± 2.75 mm to 1.57 ± 2.14 mm, after ACL reconstruction; the IKDC subjective score increased from 52.8 to 87.5. On lateral radiographs, the tunnel enlargement rates were 41% on the femoral side and 35% on the tibial side; on plain anteroposterior radiographs, the tunnel enlargement rates were 39% on the femoral side and 32% on the tibial side. Subjects with a higher femoral tunnel had a greater enlargement rate (P < .001). Subjects with a more vertical graft also had a larger femoral enlargement (P < .05). More anterior placement of the femoral tunnel was associated with larger tibial tunnel enlargement on anteroposterior plain radiographs (P < .05). A more vertical graft was also associated with larger tibial tunnel enlargement. Subjects in whom the transtibial femoral position technique was used had more femoral tunnel enlargements (P < .01)., Conclusions: Drilling the femoral tunnel through the medial portal created a lower, more posterior, and less vertical tunnel than drilling through the tibial tunnel. Femoral and tibial tunnel enlargements were greater with more anterior, more proximal, and more vertical femoral tunnels. Whereas no clinical differences were seen in the 2 groups, drilling the femoral tunnel from the medial portal will result in smaller postoperative tunnel enlargements., Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study., (Copyright © 2011 Arthroscopy Association of North America. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To discuss and evaluate the diagnose and surgical techniques of rotator cuff tear with arthroscopic repair and its clinical results., Methods: From November 2006 to April 2008, 22 patients with rotator cuff tear were treated by arthroscopic repair using 5 different methods. There were 13 males and 9 females, aged 28-51 years old (mean 37.9 years old). The locations were left shoulder in 6 cases and right shoulder in 16 cases. Eleven cases underwent shoulder joint injury and other 11 cases had no inducement. According to Bigliani acromion classification, there were 12 cases of type II and 10 cases of type III. There were 5 bursa-side tear, 3 articular-side tear, and 14 full thickness tear. The disease course was 5 months to 6 years (mean 16.6 months). After all the patients underwent acromioplasty, 4 cases were treated by debridement of rotator cuff, 7 cases by single roll suture anchor, 4 cases by double suture anchors, 3 cases by triple suture anchors, and 4 cases by transosseous technique suture., Results: Incision healed by first intention and no complications occurred in all patients. Twenty-two cases were followed up 12-26 months (mean 15.6 months). The active forward flexion and abduction at the last follow-up were over 150 degrees in 21 cases, 90-120 degrees in 1 case. Postoperatively, the forward flexion strength was grade 5 in 20 cases and grade 4 in 2 cases. The score of University of California Los Angeles, the pain score, the function score, the forward flexion score, the forward flexion strength were improved significantly when compared with preoperation (P < 0.05). The results were excellent in 13 cases and good in 9 cases, the excellent and good rate was 100%., Conclusion: Depending on the correct diagnoses, 5 different methods of rotator cuff repair are used according to the different changes of shoulders, the outcome is good in all cases.