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Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-inc-10.1177_17511437231160078 for Is high sensitivity troponin, taken regardless of a clinical indication, associated with 1 year mortality in critical care patients? by Jonathan Hinton, Maclyn Augustine, Lavinia Gabara, Mark Mariathas, Rick Allan, Florina Borca, Zoe Nicholas, Neil Gillett, Chun Shing Kwok, Paul Cook, Michael PW Grocott, Mamas Mamas and Nick Curzen in Journal of the Intensive Care Society

Background: In patients with stable chest pain, computed tomography (CT) plaque burden is an independent predictor of future coronary events. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether plaque burden and characteristics can predict subsequent death or myocardial infarction in patients with acute chest pain. Methods: In a post hoc analysis of a multicenter trial of early coronary CT angiography, the authors performed quantitative plaque analysis to assess the association between primary endpoint of 1-year all-cause death or nonfatal myocardial infarction and the GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) score, presence of obstructive coronary artery disease, and plaque burden in 404 patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome. Results: Following the index event, 25 patients had a primary event that was associated with a higher GRACE score (134 ± 44 vs 113 ± 35; P = 0.012), larger burdens of total (46% [IQR: 43%-50%] vs 36% [IQR: 21%-46%]; P < 0.001), noncalcified (41% [IQR: 37%-%47] vs 33% [IQR: 20%-41%]; P < 0.001), and low-attenuation plaque (4.22% [IQR: 3.3%-5.68%] vs 2.14% [IQR: 0.5%-4.88%]; P < 0.001), but not obstructive coronary artery disease (P = 0.065). Total, noncalcified, and low-attenuation plaque burden were the strongest predictors of future events independent of GRACE score and obstructive coronary artery disease (P ≤ 0.002 for all). Patients with a low-attenuation burden above the median had nearly an 8-fold increased risk of the primary endpoint (HR: 7.80 [95% CI: 2.33-26.0]; P < 0.001), outperforming either a GRACE score of >140 (HR: 3.80 [95% CI :1.45-6.98]; P = 0.004) or obstructive coronary artery disease (HR: 2.07 [95% CI: 0.94-4.53]; P = 0.07). Conclusions: In patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome, low-attenuation plaque burden is a major predictor of 1-year death or recurrent myocardial infarction.

Objectives\ud We assessed the association between total center volume, operator volume, and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) volume.\ud Background\ud Variations between OHCA PCI volume, hospital total PCI, and primary PCI volume are not well studied and are unlikely to be clinically justifiable.\ud Methods\ud Patients undergoing PCI for the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) between January 1, 2014, and March 31, 2019, in England and Wales were grouped as OHCA PCI and non-OHCA PCI. Spearman's correlation was used to determine the degree of correlation between each hospital PCI volume and OHCA PCI volume.\ud Results\ud Out of 250,088 PCI procedures undertaken for ACS, 12,016 (4.8%) were performed for OHCA, and 238,072 (95.2%) were non-OHCA PCI procedures. The OHCA PCI group were younger [mean age (SD) 63.2 (12.3) and 65.6 (12.5, p

There is a willingness among UK interventional cardiologists to contribute to provision of a 24/7 mechanical thrombectomy (MT) service for all suitable stroke patients if given the appropriate training. This highly effective intervention remains unavailable to the majority of patients who might benefit, partly because there is a limited number of trained specialists. As demonstrated in other countries, interdisciplinary working can be the solution and an opportunity to achieve this is outlined in this article.

IMPORTANCE: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a less invasive alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement and is the treatment of choice for patients at high operative risk. The role of TAVI in patients at lower risk is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether TAVI is noninferior to surgery in patients at moderately increased operative risk. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this randomized clinical trial conducted at 34 UK centers, 913 patients aged 70 years or older with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis and moderately increased operative risk due to age or comorbidity were enrolled between April 2014 and April 2018 and followed up through April 2019. INTERVENTIONS: TAVI using any valve with a CE mark (indicating conformity of the valve with all legal and safety requirements for sale throughout the European Economic Area) and any access route (n = 458) or surgical aortic valve replacement (surgery; n = 455). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at 1 year. The primary hypothesis was that TAVI was noninferior to surgery, with a noninferiority margin of 5% for the upper limit of the 1-sided 97.5% CI for the absolute between-group difference in mortality. There were 36 secondary outcomes (30 reported herein), including duration of hospital stay, major bleeding events, vascular complications, conduction disturbance requiring pacemaker implantation, and aortic regurgitation. RESULTS: Among 913 patients randomized (median age, 81 years [IQR, 78 to 84 years]; 424 [46%] were female; median Society of Thoracic Surgeons mortality risk score, 2.6% [IQR, 2.0% to 3.4%]), 912 (99.9%) completed follow-up and were included in the noninferiority analysis. At 1 year, there were 21 deaths (4.6%) in the TAVI group and 30 deaths (6.6%) in the surgery group, with an adjusted absolute risk difference of −2.0% (1-sided 97.5% CI, −∞ to 1.2%; P

In the evaluation and management of patients with stable chest pain/chronic coronary syndrome, cardiologists need to be able to weigh up the relative merits of managing these patients using either optimal therapy alone or optimal therapy plus revascularization. These decisions rely on an understanding of both the presence and the degree of coronary atheroma and myocardial ischemia, and the impact that these have on patients' symptoms and their prognosis. In this review the authors examine the relative impact of the anatomical and physiological assessment of patients with chronic coronary syndrome and how it can be used to achieve optimal and tailored therapy.