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The prognosis of myeloid sarcoma (MS) is controversial. Many reports indicated that orbital-MS has a good prognosis and is closely related to t(8;21), but the prognostic role of MS in pediatric t(8;21) AML is unclear. We retrospectively analyzed data from 127 patients with pediatric t(8;21) AML diagnosed between January 2010 and June 2018. We compared patients with (n = 30) and without MS (n = 97). The median follow-up time was 52.6 months. The proportion of t(8;21) AML patients with MS was 23.6%. Males were more likely to have MS than females. The complete remission rate after the first course of induction chemotherapy and the 3-year relapse-free survival (RFS) among patients with MS were lower than those among patients without MS (60% vs. 78.4%, p = 0.045) (68.8 ± 8.8% vs. 88.0 ± 3.4%, p = 0.004). The female sex and a higher level of RUNX1/RUNX1T1 transcripts after consolidation were risk factors for poor RFS among patients with MS. Our data showed that MS was an independent risk factor in pediatric t(8;21) AML. Close monitoring of measurable residual disease of the bone marrow and extramedullary lesions is needed to guide stratified treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the effect of developing economic forest on soil properties, this paper took the small watershed in northwestern Ganyu district as the research area, selected 3 typical economic forest types (chestnut forest, apple forest and hawthorn forest, which were all converted from conifer-broad leaf forest), took conifer-broad leaf forest with no human interference as the contrast, and studied the status and change law of soil aggregates under different land use types by the wet sieving method and explored the impact mechanism based on non-multidimensional scaling (NMDS). The results showed that:(1)With the increase of grain size in 0~10 cm and 10~20 cm soil layers, the percentage content of aggregates in different land use types increased first and then decreased. On the whole, the difference of aggregate composition in different land use types was mainly manifested as the difference between conifer-broad leaf forest and economic forest. The grain sizes with different percentage content of aggregates were mainly < 0.25 mm and > 1 mm. (2) The mean weight diameter (MWD) was significantly different under different land use types, 0~10 cm, the soil MWD value of conifer-broad leaf forest was significantly greater than that of chestnut forest; 10~20 cm, the soil MWD value of chestnut forest and hawthorn forest was significantly greater than that of apple forest; 20~30 cm, the soil MWD value of hawthorn forest was significantly greater than that of apple forest, and the geometric mean diameter (GMD) did not change significantly. (3) NMDS axis analysis showed that soil bulk density was significantly related to NMDS1, soil total organic carbon, total nitrogen and carbon-nitrogen ratio were slightly related to NMDS1 and soil total organic carbon was slightly related to NMDS2. The study indicated that the construction of economic forest affected the status of soil aggregates, which was mainly manifested by the decrease of large aggregate ratio and increase of micro-aggregate ratio in the soil. In general, the stability of economic forest aggregates was lower than that of conifer-broad leaf forest. The stability of apple forest soil aggregates was the worst. Soil bulk density and soil carbon and nitrogen were the important factors affecting the composition of soil aggregates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, speech enhancement (SE) methods have achieved quite good performances. However, because of the speech distortion problem, the enhanced speech may lose significant information, which degrades the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR). To address this problem, this paper proposes a two-stage deep spectrum fusion with the joint training framework for noise-robust end-to-end (E2E) ASR. It consists of a masking and mapping fusion (MMF) and a gated recurrent fusion (GRF). The MMF is used as the first stage and focuses on SE, which explores the complementarity of the enhancement methods of masking-based and mapping-based to alleviate the problem of speech distortion. The GRF is used as the second stage and aims to further retrieve the lost information by fusing the enhanced speech of MMF and the original input. We conduct extensive experiments on an open Mandarin speech corpus AISHELL-1 with two noise datasets named 100 Nonspeech and NOISEX-92. Experimental results indicate that our proposed method significantly improves the performance and the character error rate (CER) is relatively reduced by 17.36% compared with the conventional joint training method. • A two-stage deep spectrum fusion model is proposed for noise-robust end-to-end ASR. • A masking and mapping fusion (MMF) module is proposed to alleviate the problem of speech distortion. • A dynamic attention fusion (DAF) is used to estimate the fusion weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Photodynamic therapy (PDT) for actinic keratosis (AK) is limited by the depth of treatment. PDT monotherapy resulted in a clinical response rate of 74.2%, while combination therapy with microneedling, fractional CO 2 laser, and cryotherapy yielded clinical response rates of 90.3%, 93.3%, and 97.1%, respectively (P = 0.026). All three combination treatments (microneedling, fractional CO 2 laser, and cryotherapy) improved the efficacy of PDT and were well tolerated, with cryotherapy + PDT showing the best efficacy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) for actinic keratosis (AK) is limited by the depth of treatment. Microneedling or fractional CO 2 laser can facilitate the penetration of photosensitizer, while cryotherapy can treat deeper tissues but is not suitable for field cancerization. To investigate the efficacy of microneedling, fractional CO 2 laser, and cryotherapy in combination with PDT for AK. Patients with AK were randomized into 4 groups, including group A with microneedling + PDT, group B with fractional CO 2 laser + PDT, group C with cryotherapy + PDT, and group D with PDT. After 12 weeks, the clinical, dermoscopic, and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) outcomes were assessed. A total of 129 patients were included in this study, with 31, 30, 35, and 31 patients in each group, yielding clinical response rates of 90.3%, 93.3%, 97.1%, and 74.2%, respectively (P=0.026). The RCM response rates were 71.0%, 80.0%, 85.7%, and 54.8%, respectively (P=0.030). The dermoscopic response rates were 77.4%, 83.3%, 88.6%, and 60.0%, respectively (P=0.039). Group C showed the best efficacy in terms of clinical, dermoscopic, and RCM outcomes. All three treatments improved the efficacy of PDT and were well tolerated, with cryotherapy + PDT showing the best efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]