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Copyright of Journal of Eastern Townships Studies / Revue d'études des Cantons-de-l'Est (JETS/RECE) is the property of Eastern Townships Resource Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents a qualitative study conducted with 33 young adults educated in English language schools in Québec highlighting several hypotheses concerning the impact of bilingualism on English and French speakers through a different perspective. A topological analysis of identities experienced by the interviewed youth shows that English-speaking Canadian and French-Canadian collective identities belong to imaginary referents English language speakers use to define themselves within the context of Québec, Québec. The data is analyzed based on an approach centered on social actors and the negotiated aspect of individual identity. In conclusion, the author proposes an intercultural approach which deconstructs this dichotomous vision of linguistic identities in Québec.

Relationships have both positive and negative dimensions, yet most research in the area of intimate partner violence (IPV) has focused on social support, and not on social conflict. Based on the data from 309 English-speaking Canadian women who experienced IPV in the past 3 years and were no longer living with the abuser, we tested four hypotheses examining the relationships among severity of past IPV and women's social support, social conflict, and health. We found that the severity of past IPV exerted direct negative effects on women's health. Similarly, both social support and social conflict directly influenced women's health. Social conflict, but not social support, mediated the relationships between IPV severity and health. Finally, social conflict moderated the relationships between social support and women's health, such that the positive effects of social support were attenuated in the presence of high levels of social conflict. These findings highlight that routine assessments of social support and social conflict and the use of strategies to help women enhance support and reduce conflict in their relationships are essential aspects of nursing care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a brief history of Québec's cultural policymaking through several initiatives adopted by successive governments since the middle of the 20th century which have been instrumental to the development of its cultural life. It states that the province is occupied by a French-speaking majority by 80% of its population living on both shores of Saint Lawrence River while 11% are English-speaking and 6% are allophones. It mentions on the protection their cultural heritage and the French language in the midst of English-speaking Canada as influence of the U.S. It also discusses the province's Department of Cultural Affairs created in April 1961 to facilitate access to culture, encourage pride in the French language and support other francophone communities.

The asymmetrical frontier: Franco-Ontarians and Anglo-Quebeckers in the Nation's Capital Region The francophone and anglophone minorities of Gatineau-Ottawa appear to benefit from a privileged location. Living very close to their respective majorities, they simply have to cross the border in order to access resources to live in their own language and share their culture. However, a qualitative analysis of the discourse by Anglo-Quebeckers and Franco-Ontarians about their everyday life in the Nation's Capital Region shows that the border has more complex and often contradictory effects. In this article, we focus our attention on four particular manifestations of the border: (1) the border is transparent so that one can cross the Ottawa River without hindrance in certain contexts yet rather opaque in others; (2) one may transcend minority status through the strategic use of the border; (3) it creates a multi-topic imaginary geography in which the border itself often becomes mobile; and (4) finally, the border can act as a mirror when the cross-cultural intermixing it allows causes the Anglo-Quebeckers and Franco-Ontarians to question their identities, a questioning which would not be as intense in the absence of the border. The comparison of these two minorities makes it possible to highlight the asymmetrical nature of the effects of the border on their everyday life, identities, and sense of belonging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study compares the willingness to communicate (WTC) of Canadian Anglophone and Francophone students to measures of their self-assessed, multiskilled second language proficiency and strategy use before and after a short-term intracountry bilingual exchange experience.The central question is whether a student's WTC exists before an opportunity for authentic second language use or whether authentic second language opportunities enhance WTC. Data were collected via questionnaires. In this paper, I report on the questionnaire findings examining WTC in relation to the participants' self-assessments pre- and post-exchange. The questionnaire results show statistical increases in ease of speaking for the Anglophone group and in all language skills for the Francophone group. Notably, however, there were no significant changes in the \NTC elements pre- and post-exchange. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the policies that dictates Asian Canadian to develop and establish itself to be a Canadian citizen. It mentions that minority Canadians dictates and enforced to practice bilingualism in which states that Canadian should be sound Canadian and the needs to be proficient in English and French in order to sound Canadian. It says that the policies that dictates the rule to be Canadian includes bilingualism and multiculturalism which complies with the framework of the state.

This paper looks at the evolution of the English Language Minority (ELM) in Quebec since the Quiet Revolution of 1960-1966. It briefly examines demographic changes, changes in attitude and the reaction of the Anglophone community. It concludes with a description of the Evolution of Anglophone language institutions and leadership since the Quiet Revolution using census data from1971 and 2006. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following article posits that there is a lack of dialogue between Francophone and Anglophone historians in Canada. Despite a demographic revolution in academia, the new generation of Canadian historians appears to have inherited its predecessor's failure to bridge this divide. How we train future public school teachers in Canadian history could be profoundly affected, including a failure to promote an inclusive national history. As a possible solution, the author contends that we need to change standards for graduate students, expand opportunities for language training, and promote more partnerships between Francophone and Anglophone historians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author's views in this article emerge from a talk given on the place of "Anglophones" in Quebec national history classrooms that were presented at a one-day seminar that he co-organized at Concordia University on February 11th 2011 entitled, "What Place should Anglophones have in Quebec's Collective Narrative?". In what follows, the author reviews the overall findings of his past and current research on the workings of historical consciousness in Franco-Québécois teachers' and students' structuring of group boundaries toward Quebec's Anglophone minority. He then proposes two recommendations for better integrating the realities and experiences of the Anglo-Québécois in Quebec national history classrooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which aims to develop the teaching practice of teachers regarding the use of writing portfolios in French immersion students in Anglophone secondary school in Kingston, Ontario. It mentions that the use of the teaching format of these writing portfolios will improve the linguistic accuracy of these students in written French which would be their second language. It states that data analysis is done to assess the improvement in the language production accuracy of these students. It also looks at the findings of the study as well as its contributions to literature.

This analysis draws on data from a survey of women in English-speaking Canada to examine whether early exposure to politics in the home can counteract the effects of female socialization. We examine the effect of parents' political activity on their adult daughters' interest in politics, political knowledge, and participation in both electoral (e.g., party membership and voting) and nonelectoral (e.g., demonstrations and political consumerism) forms of political action. We find that a politically active mother can have a role-model effect (net of other factors, such as education and age, that might affect a woman's level of political engagement) and that her influence outweighs that of a politically active father. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines translation, language and national identity using as a point of departure Henri Morier's "Dictionnaire de poétique et de rhétorique," in which he discusses the difference between synecdoche and metonymy. Morier was a professor of the history of the French language at the Université de Genève in Geneva, Switzerland. He believed that synecdoche and metonymy are centered on identity because substitution of words, in either a general or more specific sense, involves both fragmentation and inclusion. A particular focus of the article is the work of the native English writer Gail Scott, who is, as a bilingual writer, seen as crossing over between the distinct cultures of anglophone and francophone societies.

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Education / Revue Canadienne de l'Éducation is the property of Canadian Society for the Study of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Using a variant of the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method, I find that outside Quebec, in both public and private sectors, the wage premium enjoyed by anglophones between 1970 and 2000 can be fully explained by a higher relative demand for English skills. However, I find that in Quebec's public sector between 1970 and 2000, francophones enjoyed a wage premium that may have reflected more than a higher relative demand for French skills, opening the possibility of discrimination as a factor. Such a premium also seems to have been present in Quebec's private sector in 2000. In particular, as was the case in 1970 for francophones, in 2000 anglophones in Quebec's private sector could not gain access to the market premium for the other language group by becoming bilingual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the photographs of children published in the English-language women's magazine "Canadian Pictorial" and how the magazine reflected the ideas and values of English Canadians about themselves and other Canadians. The author details the magazine's content of pictures and short stories as well as the values and opinions it presented. The author examines the photographs through an iconographic and iconological theoretical framework. The article also discusses the intrinsic meaning of an image and how it is conditioned by the viewer's state of being and worldview.

In an attempt to explain first language attrition in emigrant populations, this paper investigates the explanatory power of a framework that has - until now - received little attention: the regression hypothesis (Jakobson, 1941). This hypothesis predicts that the order of attrition is the reverse of the order of acquisition. The regression hypothesis was tested in relation to the loss of morphology and syntax in Dutch immigrants in Anglophone Canada. Evidence in favor of regression was found, but mainly in the morphological domain. Syntax, on the other hand, was mostly characterized by L2 influences from English. As it is problematic to treat regression as a theory in its own right, these findings are then explained in the light of both generative and usage-based approaches, as well as the more recent Dynamic Systems Theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Quebec English-speaking population has always formed a demographic minority. Comprising 25% of the population at the creation of Confederation, this proportion declined to 8.2% in 2006. However, the English-speaking group in Quebec only started to perceive itself as a minority in the 1970s, at which time the new term "Québécois" encouraged them to redefine themselves in relationship to the identity affirmation of this "new" Other. Research on Quebec Anglophones was first undertaken during this period of political and social turmoil. Still, until now there have been few studies on their minority status from the perspective of ethnic boundaries established by social agents in local interactive situations. In this article we shall examine linguistic boundaries negotiated in the context of Quebec City, based on the narrative of young adults who attended English high school there. Indeed, the qualitative interviews that we conducted in 2008-2009 with thirty-three young adults suggest a clear boundary between Francophones and Anglophones-a boundary which was reinforced by the very manner in which the Francophone Other regarded their English school counterparts in Quebec. We conclude that there may be several different ways of testing linguistic boundaries in Quebec. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the emergence of "Canadian" as a national ethnic origin by conducting: (i) a trend analysis on identifying as "Canadian" using microdata from the 1991, 1996, and 2001 Censuses of Canada; and (ii) descriptive and multivariate analyses to examine characteristics associated with identifying as "Canadian." The trend analysis reveals large and statistically significant increases in identification as "Canadian." Several factors, including birth in Canada, French language background, Quebec residence, lower education, younger age, and non-metropolitan residence are associated with identifying as "Canadian." Estimating logistic regression models for three language groups-Anglophones, Francophones, and English and French bilinguals-for each census show similar (e.g., education, age) and different (e.g., religion, province) effects of explanatory variables for language groups and over time, and also confirm the important role of a French language background. By 2001, for example, Francophones were more than three times as likely as Anglophones to identify as "Canadian." We discuss possible explanations for the findings, including "Canadian" ethnic identification as a reaction to increased immigration and different meanings of "Canadian" ethnicity for Anglophones and Francophones; several areas for future research; and implications of new national ethnic identities such as "Canadian" for studying ethnicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the more interesting issues, concerning the emergence of a Canadian Yiddish literature, is the part played in this creative process by the already existing Anglophone and Francophone literatures of Canada. Did Yiddish Canadian authors read the better known authors of their adopted country? How much inspiration did they find in the writings of their more established counterparts, notably those who had explored Canadian nature and had sought to put in place a «national literature» either in English or in French? Clues to this important process of adjustment are found in the unpublished manuscripts of a leading literary figure of Yiddish Montreal, Hannaniah Meir Caiserman (1884-1950), who proposed early in the twentieth century to bring Yiddish Canadian literature closer to Canadian themes. This article summarizes Caiserman's argument in this respect and presents his vision as to how Yiddish poets in Canada should also consider themselves full-fledged Canadian authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the impact of World War I and World War II on English-speaking Canadian public school students in Montreal, Quebec and Toronto, Ontario, focusing on the wartime responsibilities and attitudes of students and on the depiction of the wars in the classroom. The author highlights an emphasis on patriotism in schools in terms of curriculum and student involvement during the wars, and describes student commemorations of soldiers and the generation of Canadian nationalism following World War I. Student fund-raising efforts during World War II are discussed and the author notes that students embraced an active role in the war.

English-speaking in the household and immigrant heritage were investigated as predictors of eating disorder symptomatology. Subsamples of immigrants (n = 72) and native-born Canadians (n = 314) were analyzed. Each subsample had approximately equal numbers of men and women. Respondents in English-speaking households reported a higher tendency to think about dieting than respondents in non-English-speaking households. Immigrant men reported a higher tendency to think about dieting and a higher tendency to feel satisfied with the shape of their body than native-born Canadian men. Immigrant women, however, showed the opposite trend. They reported thinking about dieting to a lesser degree than native-born Canadian women. In contrast to immigrant men, immigrant women appear to be 'insulated' from Western cultural body ideals and standards. This study increases our understanding of factors that might affect the health of Canadian women and men, particularly immigrants, raises important implications for health promotion research, practice and policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes a reflection on the creation of the Bureau des affaires francophones et francophiles from Simon Fraser University. The institution's mission is to foster the influence of French in a predominantly English-Speaking environment. The Bureau attributes its success to the joint efforts of Francophone and Francophile communities from British Columbia and the Provincial and Federal governments. The research aims to identify the contribution of each group to the success of the project. Our article is based on Kingdon's theory of the "window of opportunity" and our findings were as a result of 17 interviews of stakeholders. A comprehensive literature review was also carried out as part of the impaired research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses how some Anglophone Canadians perceive the content of the entertainment media and how it affects their political beliefs. The authors conducted a survey of 456 young Canadians enrolled at universities where English is the primary language of instruction. The authors examined whether conservative or liberal youths are more likely to agree or disagree with the politics of popular culture. The article also discusses to what extent young Canadians' attitudes toward the socio-political content of the media differ from U.S. youths' attitudes.

ABSTRACTThe goal of this study was to examine the extent to which bilingual speakers maintain language-specific phonological contrasts for homorganic stops when a cue is shared across both languages. To this end, voice onset time (VOT) was investigated in three groups of participants: early bilinguals speakers of Canadian French and Canadian English (n= 8), monolingual speakers of Canadian English (n= 8), and monolingual speakers of Canadian French (n= 7). Three questions were targeted: What are the general patterns of VOT production in bilingual and monolinguals? Do bilingual speakers produce different mean VOT than monolinguals? Do bilingual speakers produce different variability in VOT than monolinguals? Acoustic measurements of VOT were made from monosyllabic English and French words with word-initial bilabial or coronal stop consonants. The results indicate that the early bilingual speakers maintain monolingual-like phonemic contrasts, but that they exhibit more variation within categories than monolingual speakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of BMS: Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique (l'Association Internationale de Méthodologie Sociologique (AIMS)) is the property of l'Association Internationale de Methodologie Sociologique (AIMS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of TESL Canada Journal / Revue TESL du Canada is the property of TESL Canada Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the historical evolution of anti-Americanism in Canada, and offers some reflections on its nature and implications today. It is stated that anti-Americanism is an attitude toward the U.S. and its people which is profoundly mistrustful. Canadians' experiences with anti-Americanism are just about as diverse as Canada itself, but they can be readily grouped into two main collective experiences: Anglophone and Francophone. It is commented that anti-American imagery and sentiments are deeply rooted in Canadian society, but they become politically salient only when they are "oxygenated" and given momentum by elites. During the Cold War, Francophone Canada developed its own set of frustrations and resentments with the U.S.

Background: Ultrasound has shown promise as visual feedback in remediation of /ɹ/. Aims: To compare treatment for /ɹ/ with and without ultrasound. Methods & Procedures: A Canadian English-speaking adolescent participated in a case study with a no treatment baseline, alternating treatment blocks with and without ultrasound and a final no treatment period. Outcomes & Results: Formant values and trained listener ratings of speech samples indicated improvement in /ɹ/ production, particularly after the introduction of ultrasound. Conclusions: Ultrasound appeared to facilitate the acquisition of /ɹ/ for the participant. Large-scale studies are needed to evaluate ultrasound further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors compared the personality characteristics of Québec Francophones (25 women, 25 men) and Anglophones (25 women, 25 men) aged 16-64 years. Each participant completed a French or English version of 3 personality inventories that measured (a) extraversion (2 scales), (b) neuroticism (2 scales), (c) psychoticism, (d) lying, (e) openness to experience, (f) conscientiousness, (g) agreeableness, (h) conservatism, and (i) altruism. Francophones scored higher than did Anglophones on psychoticism and on 1 measure of extraversion, and Anglophones scored higher than did Francophones on conservatism, but the 2 groups did not differ on the other personality traits. Men scored higher than did women on psychoticism, and women scored higher than did men on conscientiousness and agreeableness. Conservatism and altruism increased with age. The authors discuss the results in the context of cross-cultural theory and research on personality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The migration of Acadian communities from northern to southern New Brunswick is producing a new dynamic in demographic, economic, social, linguistic and cultural distribution across the province. The area of Moncton-Dieppe is experiencing the effects of this Acadian mobility. These effects are raising many questions about the future of these Francophones in a predominantly Anglophone urban environment [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Éducation et Francophonie is the property of Association Canadienne d'Education de Langue Francaise (ACELF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses various issues related to literary translation in Canada. Wayne Grady is the only anglophone writer who was involved in translation, publishing three works in 2007. Translator Patricia Claxton noted the problem she encountered in finding the right voice and register for the rapist in the book "Minotaur," by Marie Hélène Poitras. It also mentions the responsibility of translators when the books they translate are mediations of experiences from other cultures.

The article presents a study on language attrition or the eroding first language system in Dutch emigrants in Anglophone, Ontario. Accordingly, attrition is characterized by deviations from the standard language, and those changes have tendencies to be both internally-induced, in the case of morphology and in syntax case or externally-induced. Moreover, the highest goal of investigations in parallels and divergence, such as language acquisition, pidginization, and creolization, is to get into better apprehension of the complexity of language.

Copyright of Historical Studies is the property of Canadian Catholic Historical Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Recherches Sociographiques is the property of Recherches Sociographiques and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Given the importance of volunteerism to Canadian sport, and the need for research to understand the characteristics of sport volunteerism, a pilot study was carried out to explore the experiences of volunteers in sport. The study focused on two different sport associations (one individual sport and one team sport) in two majority linguistic localities (one predominantly francophone in Quebec and one predominantly anglophone in Ontario). Language is a key element of community membership, and this article pays specific attention to the relationship between language and sport volunteensm in Canada. The results indicate that there are some different patterns of sport volunteering between the two different (official) linguistic communities, and suggest that the experiences of Canadian sport volunteers in relation to linguistic community membership have implications for the recruitment, training, and retention of volunteers in sport, and warrant further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reviews key elements of the model of multilingual communication (MMC) (Sachdev and Bourhis 2001, 2005) as they pertain to the case of the “two solitudes” in the province of Quebec: the Francophone majority and the Anglophone minority. The first part of the article provides an intergroup analysis of how language laws in Quebec succeeded in changing the respective ethnolinguistic vitality of the Francophone majority and the Anglophone minority in the province. Along with the MMC, communication accommodation theory is used to review the intergroup, normative, and social psychological determinants of bilingual switching behaviors, as well as specific social psychological studies of bilingual communication conducted in Quebec. The second part of the article describes empirical field studies of language accommodation in Montreal conducted in 1977, 1979, and 1991 (Bourhis 1984b; Moïse and Bourhis 1994). As a follow-up to our earlier studies, the goal of the 1997 experiment (N = 482) was to monitor the language strategies adopted by pedestrians who were randomly accosted by a white or black female confederate who voiced a plea for directions in either English or French. Results of the 1997 study showed that both Francophone and Anglophone pedestrians overwhelmingly converged to the linguistic needs of the white and black confederate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resolving matters related to identity, leadership, and governance has represented a considerable challenge in the community-building process of Quebec's English-speaking population. Despite a strong institutional network in the Montreal region where the majority of English speakers reside, there have been important debates about how and by whom political advocacy and representation are conducted on behalf of the minority language community. Organizations delivering education, health and social services to Montreal's English-speaking population have assumed near complete responsibility for representing their concerns to government, thereby forcing the once influential language-based advocacy bodies to rethink their objectives. Problems of governance and leadership in organizations defending the concerns of Quebec English speakers have also been challenged by the need to define a constituency which is in a state of demographic flux. It is contended that under certain conditions, being institutionally complete does not lead to community vitality and may result in some disengagement from the broader society. It is further argued that no study of the institutional completeness and governance of Canada's language minorities can be complete without properly evaluating the role of government as principal stakeholder and, as such, examining its influence on identity formation of the country's language minorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a past issue of the International Journal of the Sociology of Language, Richard Bourhis (1994) edited a number of articles that dealt with “French-English language issues in Canada.” The issue dealt with language contacts from both a national and a regional basis. The present issue of IJSL focuses on the official language minorities of Canada, that is, English in Quebec (the only province where French is the sole official language) and French outside Quebec, the latter being a minority language in the other nine provinces and three federal territories. French does have official status with English in the small province of New Brunswick, where Francophones constitute one-third of the population. It also has official status with English and some aboriginal languages in the three northern territories. However, language issues in Canada's confederation are diverse and official language minorities experience a wide variety of sociolinguistic contexts. Before we present the structure and content of this special IJSL issue, we give a brief overview of some historical background relevant to this topic of official language minorities in Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The British conquest of Canada in 1760 marked the birth of an English-speaking minority in the colony. Although its political, economic, and social influence was great, numbers remained small until British immigration increased substantially in the first half of the nineteenth century. By 1850, English speakers made up nearly a quarter of the total population and were a majority in Montreal. Most could trace their origins to the British Isles, but over the next century people from other European countries were integrated into the community. English language schools played an important role in reinforcing the community until the Charter of the French language (1977) forced immigrants to attend French schools. The creation of separate institutions in education, health, and social services allowed English speakers to live apart from the majority and consider that they were part of an English-Canadian majority. The community relied on the mediation of their elites to defend their concerns. The old order collapsed, however, in the face of more vociferous national aspirations on the part of the majority. Since the election of a Parti Québécois government in 1976, uncertainty has increased and numbers have dwindled, putting into question the future viability of the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 1960s, the Anglophone community in Quebec tended to see itself as a “majority” group, despite their demographic weight within the province. Efforts to change the status of French and French speakers provoked a redefinition of the status of Anglophones and an important transformation of the community and of its institutions--transformations that are still ongoing. In this article, we take a look at the Anglo-Quebec community today, a community that is increasingly bilingual, multicultural, and hybrid, a community which is also in decline. We then discuss how this reflects on the challenges and issues facing the English school system--a school system mandated with ensuring the vitality of the official language minority, but also with the preparation of students for life in an increasingly French Quebec. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper compares the transformation of metropolitan institutions in two Canadian city-regions (Toronto and Montreal). Taking Neil Brenner's argument about new state spaces as a starting point, we discuss comparatively how governance restructuring in recently consolidated Toronto and Montreal has been part of more general changes to the architecture of governance in Canada. We look specifically at changes to the mediation channels between civil society and metropolitan institutions. A "nationally" scaled comparison, this project must take into account the specific differences between Francophone and Anglophone Canada, between the different civic traditions in Montreal and Toronto and different traditional significance attributed to the scale and nature of metropolitan governance structures and variously scaled agency in both cities. This makes our case in many ways more like an international comparison. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Canadian family-adventure series "Adventures in Rainbow Country" followed in the wake of the deeply optimistic 1967 Centennial celebrations and reflects the country's long tradition of nation building. Given the rise of the Separatist and Red Power movements in Canada, the program's depiction of the harmonious co-existence of anglophone, francophone, and Indigenous populations is hardly an accurate representation of the era. Its strength lies in both its truths and its untruths, however. While postmodernism has taught us to question dangerous fictions, unmasking injustice, it can also stifle change, since it offers no alternatives to reality. This essay examines the contradictions behind the program's creation and reception in an attempt to explain its lasting impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the prevalence of mood, anxiety, and other disorders in the population of Canadians aged 55 years and over.Method: We undertook an analysis of the Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health and Well-Being (CCHS 1.2).Results: There was a linear decrease for all disorders after age 55 years. This was true for men and women; for anglophones, francophones, and allophones; and for both people born in Canada and people who immigrated to Canada after age 18 years. Consistent with previous research, the prevalences were higher for women than men. Immigrants reported fewer problems than nonimmigrants, with the differences decreasing with age. Francophones of both sexes reported more mood disorder than anglophones, but francophone men had less anxiety disorder than anglophone men.Conclusions: Unlike other studies that have found an upturn in the prevalence of depression and anxiety in the elderly, our results indicate a steady decrease in these disorders. Our findings are discussed in terms of explanations for age-related differences in psychiatric disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts on historical studies which include the religious representations of Japan, the struggle between anglophones and francophones, and the symbolic value of Charlettown's Orange Lodge Riot.

Copyright of Historical Studies is the property of Canadian Catholic Historical Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The authors examined manifest anxiety and perceptions of English and French language competence among Anglophone (n = 35), Francophone (n = 29), and Mixed-heritage (n = 34) elementary education (60%) and secondary education (40%) students (80% female) in their second, third, or fourth year of study at the Faculté Saint Jean (University of Alberta). Participants assessed their language competence differently in English and French. Francophone and Mixed-heritage students felt equally competent in the two languages, but Anglophone students reported much higher language competence in English. Manifest anxiety and self-assessments of language competence were related only among the Anglophone group, with high levels of manifest anxiety associated with both low self-assessments of French language competence and high self-assessments of English language competence--the two being correlated with each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sociologie & Sociétés is the property of Presses de l'Universite de Montreal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sociologie & Sociétés is the property of Presses de l'Universite de Montreal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)