101. The role of Gr-1(+) cells and tumour necrosis factor-α signalling during Clostridium difficile colitis in mice.
- Author
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McDermott AJ, Higdon KE, Muraglia R, Erb-Downward JR, Falkowski NR, McDonald RA, Young VB, and Huffnagle GB
- Subjects
- Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Antibodies, Monoclonal pharmacology, Ceftriaxone, Clostridioides difficile immunology, Colon drug effects, Colon immunology, Colon pathology, Disease Models, Animal, Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous genetics, Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous immunology, Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous microbiology, Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous pathology, Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous prevention & control, Gene Expression Regulation, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Inflammation Mediators metabolism, Intestinal Mucosa immunology, Intestinal Mucosa metabolism, Intestinal Mucosa pathology, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Microbiota, Monocytes immunology, Monocytes metabolism, Monocytes microbiology, Neutrophils immunology, Neutrophils metabolism, Neutrophils microbiology, Receptors, Cell Surface antagonists & inhibitors, Receptors, Cell Surface immunology, Time Factors, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha antagonists & inhibitors, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha immunology, Clostridioides difficile pathogenicity, Colon metabolism, Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous metabolism, Receptors, Cell Surface metabolism, Signal Transduction drug effects, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha metabolism
- Abstract
The host response to Clostridium difficile infection in antibiotic-treated mice is characterized by robust recruitment of Gr-1(+) cells, increased expression of inflammatory cytokines including tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and the development of severe epithelial damage. To investigate the role of Gr-1(+) cells and TNF-α during C. difficile colitis, we treated infected mice with monoclonal antibodies against Gr-1 or TNF-α. Mice were challenged with vegetative cells of C. difficile strain VPI 10463 following treatment with the third-generation cephalosporin ceftriaxone. Ceftriaxone treatment alone was associated with significant changes in cytokine expression within the colonic mucosa but not overt inflammatory histopathological changes. In comparison, C. difficile infection following ceftriaxone treatment was associated with increased expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines including Cxcl1, Cxcl2, Il1b, Il17f and Tnfa, as well as robust recruitment of Ly6C(Mid) Gr-1(High) neutrophils and Ly6C(High) Gr-1(Mid) monocytes and the development of severe colonic histopathology. Anti-Gr-1 antibody treatment resulted in effective depletion of both Ly6C(Mid) Gr-1(High) neutrophils and Ly6C(High) Gr-1(Mid) monocytes: however, we observed no protection from the development of severe pathology or reduction in expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines Il1b, Il6, Il33 and Tnfa following anti-Gr-1 treatment. By contrast, anti-TNF-α treatment did not affect Gr-1(+) cell recruitment, but was associated with increased expression of Il6 and Il1b. Additionally, Ffar2, Ffar3, Tslp, Tff and Ang4 expression was significantly reduced in anti-TNF-α-treated animals, in association with marked intestinal histopathology. These studies raise the possibility that TNF-α may play a role in restraining inflammation and protecting the epithelium during C. difficile infection., (© 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2015
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