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Aquaculture, like any other productive activity which uses natural resources, can have an impact on the environment. Both the magnitude and dimension of this influence are related to the type of culture being carried out, and the geographic location of the farm. The present study focuses on the environmental impact associated with aquaculture activities (both inland and off-shore), and identifies the best indicators in the water column and the seabed, in order to further our knowledge of the environmental impact of this activity, thus helping to improve the design of aquaculture environmental monitoring. Aunque la acuicultura marina, en comparación con otros sectores productivos y otras actividades que se desarrollan en el litoral, origine un efecto menor sobre el medio ambiente, es obvio que puede producir algún impacto, y por ello, para asegurar el respeto a los valores medioambientales del entorno y cumplir correctamente los principios del desarrollo sostenible, lo importante es conocer cuáles pueden ser esos impactos, para tratar de corregirlos o, según los casos, minimizarlos. En el presente estudio se trata de establecer los indicadores ambientales para el seguimiento de la actividad, tanto en instalaciones en mar abierto como en instalaciones en tierra, contribuyendo a mejorar el diseño de programas de vigilancia ambiental para cada tipo de instalación. Instituto Español de Oceanografía

RESUMENEl sindrome de Goldenhar es una rara condicion, de aparicion esporadica, y con componentegenetico debil. Se caracteriza por un espectro de malformaciones faciales, especialmente deformacionesoculares (ausencia o hipotrofia ocular) y malformaciones auriculares, que caracteristicamente comprome-ten una hemicara, con presencia o ausencia de anomalias vertebrales. Se presenta un caso clinico dela asociacion de Sindrome de Goldenhar y embarazo.PALABRAS CLAVE: Sindrome de Goldenhard y embarazoSUMMARYGoldenhar syndrome is a rare condition of sporadic appearance and with a weak genetic component.Is characterized by face malformations, especially ophthalmologic (ocular absence or hypotrophy) andauricular malformations, that characteristically jeopardizes one hemiface, with presence or absence ofvertebral anomalies. We presented a case of the association of Goldenhar syndrome and pregnancy.KEY WORDS: Goldenhar syndrome and pregnancy Casos Clinicos INTRODUCCIONEl sindrome de Goldenhar, tambien denomina-do sindrome del primer y segundo arco branquialo espectro oculo-auriculo-vertebral, es un comple-jo de anomalias craneofaciales unilaterales y ver-tebrales. Fue descrito originalmente por Von Arlt,pero no fue considerado hasta 1952, cuandoGoldenhar reporto tres nuevos casos de este com-plejo que se ha referido posteriormente con sunombre (1). En 1990, Gorlin et al (2) extendieronlas especificaciones a un complejo de hechos queincluia un sindrome facioauriculoventricular, microtiahemifacial, disostosis otomandibular, como tam-bien el sindrome de Goldenhar originalmente des-crito y otras anomalias del primer y segundo arcobranquial. Estos hallazgos pueden encontrarse ensolitario o habitualmente asociados a microtia,hipoplasia mandibular, o malformaciones verte-brales congenitas (3). La incidencia es limitada yvaria entre 1 caso en 45.000 a 2 en 100.000habitantes.Se ha postulado que se presenta como conse-cuencia a una inadecuada oxigenacion tisular,debido a hipogenesis de la arteria estapedica ysus divisiones supraorbital y maxilomandibular.Estos vasos nutren el arco branquial entre la ter-cera y quinta semana, despues de la desaparicionde los primeros dos arcos aorticos y antes deldesarrollo de la arteria carotida externa (4).En nuestro medio no existen publicaciones deeste sindrome asociado a embarazo, motivo por lo

El síndrome de Goldenhar es una rara condición, de aparición esporádica, y con componente genético débil. Se caracteriza por un espectro de malformaciones faciales, especialmente deformaciones oculares (ausencia o hipotrofia ocular) y malformaciones auriculares, que característicamente comprometen una hemicara, con presencia o ausencia de anomalías vertebrales. Se presenta un caso clínico de la asociación de Síndrome de Goldenhar y embarazo

El síndrome de Goldenhar es una rara condición, de aparición esporádica, y con componente genético débil. Se caracteriza por un espectro de malformaciones faciales, especialmente deformaciones oculares (ausencia o hipotrofia ocular) y malformaciones auriculares, que característicamente comprometen una hemicara, con presencia o ausencia de anomalías vertebrales. Se presenta un caso clínico de la asociación de Síndrome de Goldenhar y embarazo Goldenhar syndrome is a rare condition of sporadic appearance and with a weak genetic component. Is characterized by face malformations, especially ophthalmologic (ocular absence or hypotrophy) and auricular malformations, that characteristically jeopardizes one hemiface, with presence or absence of vertebral anomalies. We presented a case of the association of Goldenhar syndrome and pregnancy

The rescue of commercial species is a priority for biotechnology to increase multiplication rate and develop reforestation. Such programmes can be carried out simultaneously with the development of the country to mantain the ecosystem natural equilibrium. Teak (Tectona grandis L.) is a forest tree of high commercial and ecological value because of its rapid growth and wood quality. Teak is a specie with problems in the propagation as a result of its high genetic variability. For this reason, alternatives to produce propagules have been developed. With the aim to obtain plants regeneration from this were used shoot tips and flowers immature of mature tree explants and cotyledons from seed. Different thidiazuron concentrations was tested for callus formation and cytokinins for plants regeneration. Nodular calli was obtained from shoot tips, cotyledons and flowers immature. The shoots regeneration was achieved in calli from shoot tips., El rescate de especies de interés comercial es una de las líneas prioritarias de la biotecnología, como herramienta básica en el apoyo al mejoramiento de árboles elite. La teca (Tectona grandis L.) es una especie de alto interés comercial y ecológico por su rápido crecimiento y la calidad de su madera. Es una especie que tiene graves problemas para la propagación por su alta variabilidad genética de las plantas producidas por semillas. El objetivo fue establecer una metodología para la regeneración de plantas de esta especie forestal con vistas a utilizarlas en los programas de mejoramiento genético. Se utilizaron ápices y botones florales de árboles adultos y cotiledones de semillas como explantes. Las semillas se desinfectaron con HgCl2 al 0,2 % durante 10 min. para el establecimiento in vitro de los cotiledones. Se evaluaron diferentes concentraciones de Thidiazuron en los explantes antes señalados, con el objetivo de lograr la formación de callos y diferentes niveles de Bencilaminopurina y Kinetina para la emisión de brotes. Se logró la formación de callos en todos los explantes empleados. Se formaron callos nodulares a partir de los segmentos ápices, cotiledones y botones florales y se regeneraron brotes en los callos provenientes de ápices

The use of temporary immersion in a liquid medium has been shown to improve plant micropropagation both for quality and economical aspects. The efficiency of the system originates in the improvement of nutrionnal and gazeous exchanges. Periods of immersion should be very brief and were easily controlled by a quick displacement of liquid through the application of an overpressure. According to the species and the multiplication process different systems were developped. Meristem proliferation (#Ananas#, #Musa#, #Saccharum#, #Xanthosoma# or microtuberisation (#Solanum#) was performed in large double vessels with an alternative transfer of the medium from one to the other. Rates of multiplication were far better that those obtained on semi-solid medium. For somatic embryogenesis more precise conditions are required and large volumes are not necessary. A specific apparatus was designed allowing for the expression, development and germination of embryos in the same vessel with very simple manipulations. Depending on the species (#Coffea#, #Hevea#, #Musa#) 1000 to 10000 embryos were obtained in a one liter vessel. The quality of the planlets allows a direct transfert to the nursery for growing and hardening.

The immune response to the Ro(SSA) antigen is heterogeneous. Anti-Ro(SSA) positive sera may contain antibodies recognizing either a 60 or a 52 kDa polypeptide component of the Ro(SSA) particle. Thus we sought to determine the profile of anti-Ro(SSA) antibodies defined by immunoblotting in patients with rheumatic diseases.Immunoblotting against human placenta extract and ELISA against recombinant Ro(SSA) antigen as confirmatory tests were done to detect anti-Ro(SSA) antibodies in 563 sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Sjögren's syndrome (SS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other connective tissue diseases.Anti-52 kDa antibodies were more common in primary patients with SS (9/22; 40.9%) than in patients with SLE (29/135; 21.4%) or patients with RA (7/315; 2.2%). Anti-60 kDa antibodies were more frequent in patients with SLE (26/135; 19.2%) than in patients with primary SS (2/22; 9%) or RA (17/315; 5.3%). None of the 22 patients with primary SS had only antibodies to the 60 kDa polypeptide. Among the 153 patients whose sera were positive by ELISA, 73 (47.7%) were negative by immunoblotting. The most frequent diagnoses in these sera were RA and SLE. The anti-52 kDa sera had higher optical density values compared to anti-60 kDa sera.Our observations indicate the existence of qualitatively and quantitatively different anti-Ro(SSA) responses in the rheumatic diseases. The major responses are anti-52 kDa antibodies in primary SS, both anti-52 and anti-60 kDa antibodies in SLE, and anti-60 kDa antibodies in RA and other connective tissue diseases.

Software Project Estimation is one of the most critical and complex task for a Project manager. Several techniques, tools and mechanisms were proposed in the literature. However, these solutions are sometimes difficult and expensive to be applied and too frequently, the final estimation is made according to the manager experience. In this paper we present a preliminary approach based on the Use Case Points technique, which is adapted for the Model-Driven environment of NDT. This technique is automatically applied, thanks to the metamodels definition, and it is presented in a tool named NDT-Counter. Additionally, the paper presents an initial empirical evaluation of the results. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación TIN2010-20057-C03-02 Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación TIN 2010-12312-E Junta de Andalucía TIC-5789

The so called mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), continues to be a controversial entity, while some authors considered it a good characterized disease, others think that is an undifferentiated connective tissue disease. OBJECTIVE. To analyse the clinical and serological evolution of a group of patients diagnosed of MCTD, with particular consideration to the meaning of anti-nRNP and anti-Sm antibodies. METHOD. We have studied 20 patients diagnosed of MCTD and 112 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Anti-nRNP and anti-Sm antibodies were detected through counter immunoelectrophoresis, immunoblotting and ELISA. RESULTS. After an average time of evolution of 10 years, 70% (14/20) of the patients diagnosed of MCTD fulfill criteria for SLE (6 cases), scleroderma (6 cases) or polymyositis (2 cases). Anti-nRNP response is persistent, directed mainly against the 70 Kd and A-nRNP polypeptides and qualitatively higher in MCTD in SLE (absorbencies 2.64 vs 1.25. The immunoblotting test detected anti-Sm antibodies in 5 patients (25%) and ELISA test in 14 (70%). CONCLUSIONS. Clinical and serological evolution suggest that MCTD is an undifferentiated connective tissue disease. Anti-nRNP antibodies are characteristic, although anti-Sm antibodies can be detected with ELISA regardless whether on not patients fulfill SLE criteria.

Service-Level Agreements (SLA) is one of the well-known mechanisms to manage the services offered by a provider. In software engineering, it is usually taken as the starting point to define the collaboration between the development team and clients. More concretely, an SLA is a part of a service contract where the level of service is formally defined. In this document, both providers and clients purchase commitments that rule the working guidelines in a software project. However, despite its relevance, sometimes it is difficult or too subjective to assure that providers and clients are following SLA. This paper proposes a research approach based on the standard WS-Agreement and model-based paradigms that offers a mechanism for SLA testing and presents an initial evaluation of this approach in a Web methodology named NDT (Navigational Development Techniques). The paper refers to some practical experiences so as to evaluate the quality of the results, as well as introduces a new research line as a future work. Ministerio de Educación, Ciencia e Innovación TIN2010-20057-C03 Junta de Andalucía TIC-5789