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Copyright of Perspectivas em Ciência da Informaçao is the property of Nova Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Meta: Avaliação is the property of Revista Meta: Avaliacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O artigo inscreve-se no campo das políticas públicas de Educação Básica na Espanha, com foco na problemática do seu planejamento. A partir de levantamento documental exaustivo, cobrindo certa produção acadêmica e científica publicada neste país (1978-2016), traça um balanço quantitativo e sua evolução com base nas categorias Planejamento da Educação e Planos para a Educação. Como principal conclusão, identifica: i) repercussões dos processos de regulação supranacionais, traduzidos pelo crescente declínio do interesse por estudos relativos ao planejamento da Educação e, a um só tempo, ascensão de estudos que unicamente discutem metas de Planos de Educação; ii) fragmentação do planejamento em uma série de planos pontuais, quase sempre desvinculados entre si; e, ainda, iii) processos pouco participativos de construção desses planos, portanto, à margem de sua discussão e elaboração sociopolítica.

Ao conceber a Cartografia como uma ferramenta que possibilita explicar, interpretar e representar o espaço, acredita-se que a mesma permite efetuar o raciocínio geográfico através dos mapas temáticos, que possuem o objetivo de aprofundar os estudos sobre os fenômenos espaciais e a dimensão destes, investigando, assim, a natureza, a dinâmica e a concepção destes fenômenos espaciais. No Brasil, os mapas temáticos são comumente utilizados como um método de ilustração e localização de locais. Na Espanha, observa-se que o mesmo ocorre, pois, muitas vezes seus materiais didáticos também se preocupam em demonstrar a localização de países e da ocorrência de fenômenos. Aliado ao fato de que o primeiro documento curricular padronizado escolar para o território brasileiro foi inspirado pelas reformas escolares espanholas, almeja-se exibir uma comparação entre os mapas inseridos nas propostas didáticas espanholas e brasileiras, apresentando os resultados obtidos a partir dos materiais didáticos utilizados pelas escolas públicas do estado de São Paulo, na região sudeste do Brasil, denominado de Caderno do Professor e do livro didático Geografia i Història, da Espanha. Este estudo utilizou um esquema desenvolvido com base no pensamento espacial para explorar a complexidade dos exercícios que envolvem mapas temáticos.

Introduction. The number of fiction series has increased considerably with the development of streaming platforms. At the same time, in recent years Spanish society has been transformed towards multiculturalism, as a result of new migratory processes. However, this new audiovisual scenario has hardly been the subject of research studies, since the representation on platforms constitutes an area scarcely explored in the Spanish academic context. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to analyze the current representation of immigration in television series broadcast on the main streaming platforms. Methodology: For this purpose, a content analysis was carried out on 38 Spanish-created series, broadcast between 2017 and 2020, and on a total of 1509 characters (n=1509). Results: Among the main results of this work, it was found that immigrant characters are underrepresented and, when present, they hardly occupy leading roles. Together with the scarce presence of this type of characters, stereotypical features and characteristics in their forms of representation are appreciated. Discussion: Despite the presence of foreign/immigrant characters in Spanish production series, they are still a minority and their representation is biased and often stereotypical, as reflected, for example, by the significant relationship between the nationality of the character and the socioeconomic level with which he/she is represented. For all these reasons, the new sphere of Spanish fiction series does not seem to reflect the Spanish sociocultural reality through its plots and characters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article studies the models of female subjectivity in the most viewed Spanish tv series during the period of economic recession as interpretive accounts of the ideological tensions underlying a context that rethinks the role of women. The qualitative analysis, applied to ten coprotagonists of these fictions, shows that female characters lack leadership and proactivity in the public sphere, their natural competencies are limited to resilience for adapting to the applied austerity measures, and they act as a moral contrast to the male entrepreneur as gender stereotypes are updated in the neoliberal imaginary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research analyzes the construction of LGBT+ characters and plots in Spanish serial fiction shown on distribution platforms in the last decade. It uses critical discourse analysis, which is divided into macro level analysis and micro level analysis. The microanalysis is composed of topics, lexicalization and propositional framing. The results show, among others, that the majority of characters appear in marginal contexts, that recurring stereotypes continue to be used, and that LGBT+ orientation and identity are presented in a negative or ambiguous manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the transformation of travel journalism in the digital age, based on 22 in-depth interviews with Spanish and Russian professionals. The research delves into the evolution of this type of journalism with regard to the emergence of blogs in the age of low-cost tourism. The main challenges of travel journalism include narrative quality with a unique perspective, specialization, and the integration of digital tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the regulation of comparative advertising in Uruguayan and Spanish law, focusing on the psychological or emotional nature of the data used in advertising. According to Law No. 17,250, comparative advertising is allowed as long as it meets certain requirements and does not mislead the consumer. Both in Uruguay and Spain, the objective is to ensure the objectivity and truthfulness of the comparison in advertising. The interpretation of the concept of "psychological or emotional nature" may vary, but it is proposed that it refers to data that are not truthful or that may mislead the average consumer. [Extracted from the article]

This study analyzes some of the alternatives that certain men use as a means to challenge and redefine the place hitherto occupied by the hegemonic idea of masculinity. One of the major difficulties involved in this personal and social process, both external and internal, concerns the conflict with men who cling to a monolithic idea of masculinity. Moving away from the traditional model involves confrontations in multiple senses. With a methodology based on autobiographies, we observe how five men selected for the diversity of their characteristics reconstruct their life stories and critically reflect on their bodies and their assigned, perceived, and transformed gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we analyze the perception of economic inequality in everyday life in Spain based on political ideology. Using content analysis techniques, we processed 705 open-ended responses from 290 people and used network analysis to examine the relationships between the categories identified. We found that economic inequality is perceived primarily as social comparison and relative deprivation between individuals/groups. However, it is perceived more in terms of social justice when people are situated on the left (vs. the right) of the political spectrum. We discuss the perception of economic inequality as a multidimensional phenomenon situated in everyday life, which influences how we understand and react to social disparities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the discourse of the Imperial Gazette of Mexico during the period of the First Empire. It seeks to identify the meanings of the negative image of Spain and its projection on the internal politics of the independent country. The importance of the Gazette as an official means of communication during the period of Mexico's independence is highlighted. It also mentions the participation of Alejandro Valdés in the Constitutional Council and his support for Iturbide's project during the period of the Empire in Mexico. The Gazette used political events in Spain and Mexico to project the idea that Iturbide's election as sovereign was the culmination of the independence process. In addition, it analyzes the opposition to Spanish liberalism and the influence of British conservatism in Mexico through the Gazette. The article examines how Spain and the Spaniards were portrayed in Mexican newspapers of the time, and how these representations reflected the tensions and ambiguities in the relationship between both countries. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Departamento de Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educacao e Pesquisa is the property of Faculdade de Educacao da Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Trabajo Social is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos.info is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Semestre Económico is the property of Sello Editorial de la Universidad de Medellin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista História da Educação is the property of Historia da Educacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista História da Educação is the property of Historia da Educacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Investigaciones Feministas is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Movimento (0104754X) is the property of Movimento, da Escola de Educacao, Fisica, Fisioterapia e Danca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of A&C - Administrative & Constitutional Law Review - Revista de Direito Administrativo e Constitucional is the property of A&C - Revista de Direito Administrativo & Constitucional (Instituto Bacellar) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos.info is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Our objective is to analyze the treatment of verbal periphrases in a corpus of Spanish grammars published in Hispano-America and Spain during the first half of the 20th century. For this, we will check, in the first place, the type of grammatical analysis that these works develop from the theoretical point of view and, secondly, we will show the common didactic objective they pursue: the teaching of the Spanish language to natives, determined, in good measure, by the profession and the knowledge of the authors themselves. From the data obtained, we will establish a comparison with the results achieved in Martínez-Atienza (2016), where we analyzed the verbal periphrasis in another corpus of Spanish grammars published in Spain, which contrasts with the present work, constituted by a corpus of grammars of Spanish published in Spain and in Hispano-America. We will show that the purpose to which the works are intended conditions their content and the way in which it is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais is the property of Centro de Estudos Sociais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos.info is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos.info is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

RESUMO No século XVI, a Espanha foi palco de uma série de escritos que visavam definir não apenas as regras que deveriam conduzir a escrita da história, mas também as qualidades esperadas de um bom cronista. Justificavam os autores dessas obras que a imagem de um reino e, consequentemente, de seu governante, construía-se a partir da história elaborada pelos letrados encarregados de registrar o passado. A partir do estudo dos Dialogos qual debe ser el chronista del principe, composto por Pedro de Navarra e publicado em 1565, a proposta desta apresentação crítica é interrogar como os letrados definiram o ofício do cronista e historiador na sociedade espanhola dessa época. Além dessa questão central, o texto tem como alvo apresentar a tradução comentada dos Dialogos qual debe ser el chronista del principe com o objetivo de guiar a análise sobre as funções atribuídas ao cronista do rei, bem como os requisitos necessários para o exercício desse ofício.

A educação de alunos surdos é um tema presente em debates acadêmicos refletindo-se em estudos no cenário da produção científica nacional e internacional. O objetivo do presente trabalho é identificar e analisar a produção científica espanhola oriunda de teses doutorais sobre a educação de surdos e apresentar indicadores bibliométricos que melhor representem o perfil das temáticas destas pesquisas. De abordagem bibliométrica combinada com a análise de conteúdo, o estudo elegeu para seleção das teses a Base de Datos de Teses Doctorales e a base Tesis Doctorales en Rede, ambas do Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte do Gobierno de España, mediante a utilização das seguintes expressões de busca “sordos”, “sordera”, “deficiencia auditiva” e “discapacidad auditiva”. As seguintes categorias foram analisadas no corpus selecionado (n=45): evolução temporal, autores, orientadores e seus respectivos gêneros, instituições de defesa, áreas de conhecimento, temáticas e abordagens comunicativas utilizadas nos estudos. Os resultados desse panorama bibliométrico expressam uma diversificada produção científica sobre educação de surdos em programas de doutorado (n=28) em universidades espanholas (n=22) sobre diferentes temáticas, entre as quais aquelas relacionadas à população alvo dos estudos e às biotecnologias assistivas, com preponderância de estudos nas áreas de Educação, Psicologia e Linguística. Verificou-se que dentre as abordagens comunicativas adotadas nos estudos preponderou o oralismo e o bilinguismo. Nas conclusões recomenda-se que futuros estudos utilizem diferentes bases de dados e tipologias documentais, tais como artigos científicos, visando estabelecer comparações e ampliar as análises sobre a produção científica de educação de surdos.

Em 1808, Napoleão Bonaparte, com sua política expansionista, faz acordos com o rei da Espanha Carlos IV, dizendo buscar acesso à Lisboa por seu território. A França neste período pós revolução Francesa representava uma ameaça aos Estados monarquistas. Assim que Bonaparte entra no território espanhol com suas tropas, com a permissão do rei, logo demonstra suas verdadeiras intenções de tomar toda a Península Ibérica. A Família Real portuguesa organiza-se e foge para sua colônia na América, o Brasil. Carlos IV abdica o trono em nome do filho Fernando, mas logo o trono é entregue efetivamente a Napoleão Bonaparte que o transfere a seu irmão José I. Fernando VII é mantido preso no castelo de Valençay em Bayona por seis anos, até que uma aliança anglo-hispano-lusa derrota suas tropas e, por medo de perder o território francês, Bonaparte devolve o trono pacificamente a Fernando VII através do Tratado de Valençay, assinado em 1813. Assim que retorna ao trono espanhol, Fernando VII encontra uma situação bastante diferente daquela que ele havia deixado para trás. A Espanha adotara uma Constituição liberal em seu nome. Suas colônias da América tiveram participação efetiva na constituição. A América espanhola já estava praticamente independente da Espanha. Fernando VII vai tentar reverter o processo, sem sucesso.

This papers aims to study the figure of the infante D. Pedro Carlos de Bourbon e Bragança, with sources such as the sermons and the eulogies published immediately after his death, as well as the news published in the gazettes of Madrid, Lisbon and Rio de Janeiro and some correspondence. We also intent to understand the repercussions of the Napoleonic expansion on Spanish and Portuguese politics and the consequent departure of the Court for Brazil through a prince who had a short live and perished in the Portuguese empire.

Reflito sobre uma experiência de pesquisa junto a um movimento social contra os despejos na cidade espanhola de Granada, entre janeiro e abril de 2021, em um contexto atípico de pandemia, com diversas restrições à circulação e à interação dos indivíduos. Na primeira parte do artigo, apresento a conjuntura da crise habitacional na Espanha, na Comunidade Autônoma de Andaluzia e em Granada, abordando ainda algumas observações sobre a cidade onde se desenvolveu a pesquisa. Na segunda parte, descrevo um quadro da luta pelo direito à moradia no país, dando ênfase à organização e às ações do movimento Stop Desahucios Granada 15-M, assim como às observações e interlocuções produzidas com seus integrantes durante o trabalho de campo. Na terceira parte, discuto a abordagem da etnografia colaborativa como uma proposta de construção teórica coletiva e comprometida com a justiça social. Ao final, destaco a importância desta experiência internacional de pesquisa para favorecer exercícios contrastivos com relação às configurações e aos desafios do problema da moradia nas cidades de Granada e Rio de Janeiro, bem como para descolonizar a nossa antropologia e estimular relações acadêmicas mais simétricas entre pesquisadores do norte e do sul global.

Copyright of Hachetetepé: Revista Científica de Educación y Comunicación is the property of Universidad de Cadiz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study discusses how the main political parties used Twitter during the electoral campaign in the Spanish general elections of 2016. For this purpose, we selected the Twitter accounts of the four parties that reached 86 % of the total votes: Partido Popular (PP), Partido Socialista Obrero Español (PSOE), Unidas Podemos (UP) y Ciudadanos (C's). The tweets of each party's candidate for the presidency have also been considered, comparing the topics they deal with in those tweets with their party platforms. The results of the 4,329 tweets analyzed demonstrate a lack of coherence between parties and their candidates and a lack of proportionality in the importance given to different issues in the party platform. We conclude that the modernity attributed to newly created parties does not result in increased activity on Twitter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work of Nightingale and his team in the Crimean War was significant. Their interventions were recognized in England and other countries. At that time, in Spain, care was mostly in the hands of the Church. This paper aims to identify the ideological position disseminated in the Spanish press on the role of Nightingale in the Crimean War. A bibliographic review was carried out in the Digital Newspaper Library of the National Library of Spain, obtaining 27 publications in Spanish press that referred to news of Nightingale and the Crimean War. The content was analysed following Gadamer's hermeneutics. Based on the political and religious ideology of each newspaper, the publications show discrepancies regarding the perception of Nightingale's work. Some newspapers define her as a imitator of religious institutions; others highlight a woman with an academic background and great leadership in health management. These divergences result from Nightingale's analysis in a cultural, political, and social context that was different from Protestant England. For future research it is proposed to analyse whether the information in the Spanish press in relation to the Nightingale nursing training initiative also generated discrepancies in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sociologia, Problemas e Práticas is the property of Centro de Investigacao e Estudos de Sociologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este artigo analisa o ideal participativo no âmbito do planejamento urbano, examinando especialmente como o tema figura no marco institucional da política urbana da Espanha no período contemporâneo. Adota-se o parâmetro analítico de que normas institucionais condicionam os mecanismos participativos. A participação em processos de formulação e implantação de políticas públicas remete ao debate sobre as teorias democráticas e é abordada nos limites de seus enunciados normativos e de suas regras correspondentes. O marco institucional da participação, no caso espanhol, é identificado nos princípios constitucionais, na legislação ordinária e na Ley de Suelo, nos quais se constata baixo grau de institucionalização. Na sequência, são formulados alguns apontamentos sobre o caso brasileiro, no qual, a despeito dos retrocessos mais recentes, ainda vigora um grau superior de institucionalização participativa na política urbana. Metodologicamente, o artigo baseia-se em revisão bibliográfica interdisciplinar e em pesquisa documental de fontes institucionais.

O surgimento da organização política Podemos teve um enorme impacto político na Espanha e na Europa. Em pouco mais de quatro anos de existência, Podemos se converteu em uma das principais forças políticas do país. Com a discussão sobre as razões desse surpreendente nascimento, começou também um debate sobre sua identidade política: diferentes autores têm caracterizado essa organização como uma nova versão da social-democracia, uma nova esquerda radical ou uma versão do populismo. O objetivo do presente artigo é discutir a questão da identidade política de Podemos, recuperando esse debate e analisando os elementos conceituais presentes em seus documentos e na análise de seus dirigentes. Como parte deste objetivo, busca-se discutir a identidade política de Podemos no marco do debate sobre o fenômeno populista.

A aplicação das técnicas de reprodução humana assistida após a morte de um dos genitores é uma realidade que vai ganhando relevância e apoio entre juízes e doutrinários, mas que ainda encontra uma ampla rejeição social, principalmente em face dos sérios conflitos morais, éticos e religiosos. Vários países da região vêm discutindo a adaptação de suas leis diante do crescimento da casuística. Neste estudo, é realizada uma análise comparativa da esfera jurídica, ética e médico-legal dos países ibero-americanos, por meio de uma revisão integrativa. Foram recuperados 21 estudos primários que abordam a situação normativa da Argentina, do Brasil, da Colômbia, da Espanha, do Peru, de Portugal e do Uruguai. Do conjunto, unicamente o Uruguai e a Espanha têm normatização permissiva para a reprodução post mortem. O primeiro de forma expressa e o último de forma im- plícita. A legislação de Portugal é proibitiva para a maioria das técnicas, à exceção da transferência póstuma de embriões. A Argentina, a Colômbia e o Peru estão desregulamentados. O Brasil encontra-se numa situação especial, pois, embora inexista regulamentação específica, debate-se o caráter vinculante de algumas normativas. Ainda, é discutido o papel da medicina legal ante os novos desafios bioéticos e biojurídicos, em termos práticos e teóricos, propondo uma participação no debate que antecede toda possível autorização.

Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Objectives: type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that usually begins in childhood and requires training throughout to respond to the changes produced in all life stages. The objective of this research is to develop a health education program following the Precede-Proceed model from a salutogenic perspective, attending to the needs of the adolescent population and including gamification as an educational strategy. Materials and methods: the first stage is a mix of quantitative and qualitative research that combines different instruments for the collection of information. The participants are adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their parents, residents of the Community of Madrid, Spain. In the second stage an educational program is developed that responds to the findings of the previous stage and incorporates gamification. Results: the target population enjoys a good quality of life, they have a healthy lifestyle and high responsibility towards their care. However, the resources they lack are those related to the emotional sphere. That is why the educational program called "Agent +014" is used since it encompasses the emotional competence and advanced diabetes care, all in the form of a digital game. Conclusions: the Precede-Procede model has shown to be effective in developing health education interventions. The salutogenic approach facilitates the analysis of personal, family and community resources. Gamification is an innovative strategy in health promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Childhood are increasingly present in certain digital media, where commercial messages directly appeal to children's participation, enabling them to express their identity and establishing relations with their peers, who become opinion leaders. The aim of this exploratory qualitative research is to analyse a child's perception towards sexualized girls depicted in fashion advertising in a digital environment. The investigation conducts a qualitative methodology among Spanish girls between 8 and 11 years old corresponding to the target audience of fashion brands advertising that has been categorized in different levels as sexualizing. The results point out that girls generally reject the images of their peers and models whenever they are portrayed more sexualized because the style does not correspond to real life and does not seem chosen by the girls depicted. Furthermore, girls associate the combination of sexualizing contexts, postures and gestures with personality traits negatively considered -self-centred, defiant, rebel, sad, alone-and are afraid of the normalization among children of make-up and certain behaviours not keeping with their age. In light of the results, the study recommends an ethical reflection by advertisers that use an adult style transgressive and the study of images that depict boys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Covid-19 represents a global pandemic; its effects are unevenly distributed. Spain is one of the countries of the European continent where the impact of it has been the greatest so far at an economic, health and social level. In this stage, it is worth asking what was the socioeconomic context of Spain with the arrival of Covid-19? What measures were adopted after the 2008 crisis in the Spanish state? In what directions have Public Policies evolved since then? Some reflections on these questions point to the existence of structural deficits in various areas, but also that the political responses to the 2008 crisis, contributed to accentuate with the adoption of austerity measures that favor social class interests, the existing social inequality, and that should also be considered as essential elements of analysis on the impact of Covid-19 in Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ler Historia is the property of Ler Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)