203 results on '"Fail, P."'
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102. Influence of Cortisol on Prostaglandin Synthesis by Fetal Membranes, Placenta, and Uterus of Pregnant Rabbits12
- Author
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Fail, Patricia A. and Reynolds, Randall P.
- Abstract
Two experiments were designed to assess the effects of cortisol on prostaglandin formation in amniotic fluid and the prostaglandin-forming cyclooxygenase in 4 gestational tissues of rabbits. Cortisol treatment (12 mg/kg body wt/h) was initiated on Day 21 of pregnancy and continued for a 24-h period. Each experiment included 5 treated and 5 vehicle-injected controls, killed at 48 (Experiment 1) or 62 h (Experiment 2) after initial injection. In both experiments, amniotic fluid was collected; cortisol, prostaglandin F (PGF), and prostaglandin E2(PGE2) were quantified by radioimmunoassay. Microsomes prepared from amnion, yolk sac splanchnopleure, uterus, and placenta were analyzed for prostaglandin-forming cyclooxygenase activity. In Experiment 2, blood drawn at 12-h intervals was quantified for PGF, PGE2, and progesterone.In cortisol-treated rabbits, plasma progesterone decreased (p < 0.01) from 7.2 ± 0.8 ng/ml on Day 21 (pre-treatment) to 1.6 ± 0.2 ng/ml on Day 23, 48 h after the initiation of cortisol treatment. By 62 h, PGF, PGE2, and cortisol concentrations were all significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the amniotic fluid of treated animals. However, prostaglandin-forming cyclooxygenase activity had not increased in most fetal or maternal tissues at either 48 or 62 h. Therefore, even though increased prostaglandin production may be responsible for the cortisol-induced abortion, increased cyclooxygenase activity in the fetal membranes, placenta, or uterus probably is not the primary stimulus for the increased prostaglandin synthesis.
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
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103. The A-V Impulse System reduces deep-vein thrombosis and swelling after hemiarthroplasty for hip fracture
- Author
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Stranks, GJ, MacKenzie, NA, Grover, ML, and Fail, T
- Abstract
We performed a prospective randomised controlled trial of the A-V Impulse System in 82 patients treated by hemiarthroplasty for subcapital fracture of the femoral neck. The incidence of proximal deep-vein thrombosis as assessed by Doppler ultrasonography was 23% in the control group and 0% in those using the device (p less than 0.01). Calf and thigh circumferences were measured in both groups at seven to ten days after operation. In the treatment group there was a mean relative reduction of postoperative swelling of the thigh by 3.27 cm (p less than 0.001) and of the calf by 1.55 cm (p less than 0.001). The A-V Impulse System appears to be a safe and effective method of reducing the incidence of proximal deep-vein thrombosis, and of postoperative swelling.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
104. Antiinflammatory therapy with canakinumab for atherosclerotic disease
- Author
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Ridker P.M., Everett B.M., Thuren T., MacFadyen J.G., Chang W.H., Ballantyne C., Fonseca F., Nicolau J., Koenig W., Anker S.D., Kastelein J.J.P., Cornel J.H., Pais P., Pella D., Genest J., Cifkova R., Lorenzatti A., Forster T., Kobalava Z., Vida-Simiti L., Flather M., Shimokawa H., Ogawa H., Dellborg M., Rossi P.R.F., Troquay R.P.T., Libby P., Glynn R.J., Krum H., Varigos J., Siostrzonek P., Sinnaeve P., Gotcheva N., Yong H., Urina-Triana M., Milicic D., Vettus R., Manolis A.J., Wyss F., Sigurdsson A., Fucili A., Veze I., Petrauskiene B., Salvador L., Klemsdal T.O., Medina F., Budaj A., Otasevic P., Lainscak M., Seung K.B., Commerford P., Donath M., Hwang J.J., Kultursay H., Bilazarian S., East C., Forgosh L., Harris B., Ligueros M., Bohula E., Charmarthi B., Cheng S., Chou S., Danik J., McMahon G., Maron B., Ning M., Olenchock B., Pande R., Perlstein T., Pradhan A., Rost N., Singhal A., Taqueti V., Wei N., Burris H., Cioffi A., Dalseg A.M., Ghosh N., Gralow J., Mayer T., Rugo H., Fowler V., Limaye A.P., Cosgrove S., Levine D., Lopes R., Scott J., Hilkert R., Tamesby G., Mickel C., Manning B., Woelcke J., Tan M., Manfreda S., Ponce T., Kam J., Saini R., Banker K., Salko T., Nandy P., Tawfik R., O’Neil G., Manne S., Jirvankar P., Lal S., Nema D., Jose J., Collins R., Bailey K., Blumenthal R., Colhoun H., Gersh B., Abreu M., Actis M.V., Aiub J., Aiub F., Albisu J., Alvarisqueta A., Avalos V., Barreto M., Berli M.A., Blumberg C., Bocanera M., Botta C., Bowen L., Budassi N., Buhlman S., Westberg J.C., Carabajal T., Caruso G., Casala J., Cendali G., Coloma G., Berra F.C., Cuneo C., Degennaro N., Dellasa M., Diaz M., Dos Santos P., Espinosa V., Facello A., Facello M., Farias E., Fernandez A.A., Ferrari V., Pacora F.F., Flores G.S., Franco M., Gabito A., Viola H.G., Garcia F., Garcia Duran R., Garcia Pinna J., Glenny J., Godoy Sanchez M., Grosse A., Guzman P., Hasbani E., Hominal M., Ibañez J., Jure H., Jure D., Vico M.L., Liniado G., Luciardi H., Luquez H., Maehara G., Maffei L., Majul C., Mallagray M., Marinaro S., Martinez J., Massaccesi R., De Los Milagros Had M., Azize G.M., Montana O., Montenegro E., Morell Y., Muntaner J., Navarrete S., Olmedo M., Paganini M., Paz S., Perez Manghi F., Piskorz D., Polato C., Recoaro R., Romano A., Salinger M., Sanchez A., Saravia M.A., Sarjanovich R., Scaro G., Schiavi L.B., Soler J., Tinnirello V., Tomassi A., Valle M., Vallejo M.A., Venturini C., Marcela Wenetz L.M., Yossen M., Zaidman C., Zalazar L., Zangroniz P., Amerena J., Brady L., Colquhoun D., Eccleston D., Ferreira-Jardim A., French J., Jayasinghe R., Mcintosh C., Ord M., Plotz M., Purnell P., Roberts-Thomson P., Schultz C., Shanahan T., Tan R., Taverner P., Turner F., Vibert J., Vorster M., William M., Youssef G., Bergler-Klein J., Brath H., Brodmann M., Fliesser-Goerzer E., Haider K., Heeren G., Hiden C., Mandic L., Paulweber B., Ploechl A., Prenner A., Steringer-Mascherbauer R., Strohner-Kaestenbauer H., Barbato E., Bouvy C., Briké C., Charlier F., Cools F., De Knijf K., De Wolf L., Delforge M., Deweerdt N., Gits F., Goffinet C., Hermans K., Hollanders G., Mestdagh I., Pirenne B., Servaes V., Simons N., Tahon S., Theunissen E., Van Genechten G., Vervoort G., Vissers C., Vranckx P., Vrolix M., Abib E.Jr., Abrantes J., Araujo Fonseca M., Barbosa E., Barroso W., Barroso A., Bodanese L., Botelho R., Costa Amorim R., Da Costa F., Da Silva A., Da Silva O.Jr., Da Silva D.Jr., Ferreira Dos Santos T., Dos Santos F., Dos Santos A., Duda N., Feitosa G., Felario Junior GA., Ferraz R., Filho P., Fonseca A., Wanderley F.F., Freitas E., Fucci F., Marengo Garcia De Carvalho L., Hernandez M., Hettwer Magedanz E., Julião K., Kormann A., Lameira A., Lima F., Lino E., Maia L., Manenti E., Marchi A.L., Fischer S.M., Michalaros Y., Moraes J.Jr., Moreira L., Pagnan M., Pesce F., Pinheiro L., Rassi S., Reis G., Reis H., Resende I., Roel A., Ruschel K., Saporito W., Saraiva J.F., Seroqui M., Silva R., Unterkircher B., Vicente C., Vieira N., Xavier J.P., Zucchetti C., Angelova I., Dimitrov G., Genova D., Gospodinov K., Goudev A., Grigorova V., Hristova K., Makedonska J.J., Katova T., Kostov K., Lazov P., Manov E., Manukov I., Manukov D., Milanova M., Kabakchieva V.M., Petrov D., Petrusheva T., Pramatarova I., Raev D., Runev N., Sirakova-Taseva A., Tisheva-Gospodinova S., Todorova A., Tzekova M., Yakovova S., Yanev T., Abulencia K., Arora S., Baker A., Bata I.R., Beaudry M., Belle Isle J., Bilodeau N., Boivin M.C., Bolduc H., Bourgeois S., Brons S., Cantor W., Chaussé I., Chhabra A., Chouinard G., Cleveland T., Dattani D., Deslongchamps F., Diodati J., Drouin K., Duchesne L., Fontaine S., D'Amours D.G., Gervais B., Gosselin G., Graham J., Grover A., Gupta A., Haldane H., Hartleib M., Hickey L., Huynh T., Johnston J., Julien V.E., Lachance P., Lake J., Lamontagne C., Lauzon C., Lepage S., Maheux K., Manyari D., Martin E., McPherson C., Mehta S., Michaud N., Kouz S.M., Murphy G., OKeefe D., Otis R., Ouimet F., Pandey S., Peck C., Perkins L., Richert L., Robbins K., Robinson S., Cabau J.R., Ross B., Roy C., Roy M., Roy A., Rupka D., Affaki G.S., Saunders K., Savard D., Soucy D., St Amour E., Thiessen S., Vertes G., Vezina M., Vincelli G., Weisnagel S.J., Zadra R., Chen J., Chen Y., Dong X., Feng Y., Feng Z., Fu G., Han B., Hao Y., He Y., He Z., Hong T., Jia Z., Jiang T., Jiang J., Jiang X., Ke Y., Li Y., Li Z., Li W., Li X., Liu P., Liu Y., Liu B., Liu S., Liu L., Lu Z., Lv Y., Ma C., Ma G., Peng L., Qing L., Ren L., Sang X., Song M., Sun Z., Wang J., Wang Y., Wei J., Wu W., Wu J., Xu H., Yan J., Yang P., Yang K., Yao Z., Yaoqing H., Yuan Z., Zhai Z., Zhang J., Zhang Y., Zhao R., Zhou H., Accini Mendoza JL., Aparicio C.V., Castillo T., Chaverra I., Conrado Y., Coronel J., Cotes C., Cuentas I., Cuervo A., Dussan M.A., Echeverria L., Hernandez E., Ibarra J., Isaza D., Jimenez D., Lopez P., Manzur F., Mejia I., Mendoza Y., Molina D.I., Patino J.M., Rodriguez D., Rodriguez L.M., Rodriguez S.M., Sanchez Vallejo G., Luz Serrano H., Sotomayor A., Urina M., Vesga B., Yupanqui H., Akrap B., Busic N., Ciglenecki N., Cmrecnjak J., Fucak E., Gabor M., Jeric M., Jutrisa N., Kordic K., Planinc I., Popovic Z., Radeljic V., Sesto I., Sutalo K., Tusek S., Belohlavek J., Budkova J., Busak L., Capova L., Cech V., Cermak O., Coufalova Z., Cyprian R., Dedek V., Dedkova S., Ferkl R., Hanak P., Hanustiakova A., Homza M., Horackova K., Houra M., Iveta H., Kaiserova L., Kala P., Karel I., Kellnerova I., Koleckar P., Kreckova M., Krupicka J., Lorenc Z., Machova V., Malik J., Masarikova L., Matyasek I., Mikus M., Mikusova T., Ondrasik J., Otava M., Palubova L., Pavlickova L., Peterka M., Petrova I., Pokorna B., Povolny P., Radvan M., Reznakova S., Rickova Z., Roszkowska P., Rotreklova M., Samkova D., Skalicka H., Slechticka A., Sternthal P., Telekes P., Tesak M., Vesely P., Vesely J., Vins P., Vitovec M., Vodnansky P., Zidova M., Keba E., Laane E., Pool T., Randvee L., Ratnik E., Reimand M., Reinmets S., Rivis L., Siemann M., Stern M., Toom M., Vahula V., Apel T., Axthelm C., Ayasse D., Ayasse M., Baar M., Baeumer A., Bagi E.S., Becker B., Binder A., Blankenberg S., Braun P., Johansen B.B., Contzen C., Delfonso F., Denecke C., Dengler T., Donaubauer T., Eichinger G., Englmann E., Erhard M., Faghih M., Foerster A., Frankenstein L., Fuchs R., Furch G., Gaeb-Strasas B., Germann H., Giese C., Goette A., Gravenhorst-Muenter U., Haege R., Haenel T., Hagemann D., Hagenow A., Hanefeld M., Heider J., Heisters J., Hennig D., Hielscher S., Himpel-Boenninghoff A., Holscher A., Hornig M., Jeserich M., Kaczmarek N., Kanitz S., Kara Y.D., Khariouzov A., Kiefer R., Kiroglu K., Klamm M., Klein C., Korth-Wiemann B., Krapivsky A., Kuenzler J., Kuntzsch A., Landers B., Lappo M., Laube S., Leggewie S., Lehmann D., Lepp H., Lierse T., Lindner C., Luecke-Uzar M., Luedemann J., Marschke T., Maruzzo S., Mauersberger K., Maus O., Meinrich M., Meissner A., Moehring B., Muehlhaus J., Mueller S., Muenter K.C., Muenzel T., Naumann R., Nebel J., Neumann J., Nuding S., Overhoff U., Papke B., Pencz I., Peter Y., Peukert A.M., Radde I., Rau T., Regner S., Reichenbach D., Reimer D., Rinke A., Roettges R., Romanski A., Rummel R., Samer H., Sanuri M., Sarnighausen H.E., Schäfer B., Scheibner T., Schermaul K.H., Schindler A., Schlundt C., Schmidt E., Schmidt K., Schnabel A., Schoen N., Schorn K., Schroeder T., Schulenburg D., Schulz M., Schulze U., Schulze J., Schumacher M., Schwerin G., Schwerin M., Stadelmeier S., Stahl H.D., Stahl A., Stockhausen J., Stockhausen G., Stoessel J., Stolze K., Stratmann M., Szymanowski N., Teschner A.B., Teske A., Uecker C., Veit S., Voeller H., Walter I., Walter J., Walther I., Weber H.G., Weimer J., Wichterich K., Wiebusch A., Willmerdinger M., Willner C., Winkelmann B., Winkler J., Wistuba T., Woehrle J., Wohnlich T., Wolf S., Woyczak D., Wrage P., Zirlik A., Anadiotis A., Chachalis G., Dermitzakis A., Kafarakis P., Kaldara E., Kolokathis F., Kostakou P., Lekakis J., Manolis A., Mantas I., Megalou A., Milkas A., Nanas J., Olympios C.D., Patsilinakos S., Perperis A., Poulimenos L., Saloustros I., Tsioufis K., Tsorbatzoglou K., Vardas P., Zarifis I., Aguilar M., Arango J.L., Borrayo N.A., Corona V., Guerrero A., Guzman I., Haase F., De Krumbach L., Montenegro P., Munoz R., Munoz N., Paniagua A., Solares A., Vogel M., Anita S., Blazsek Z., Decsi K., Fulop T., Hangyal T., Hegedus V., Kalina A., Karakai H., Katona A., Kiss R.G., Kovacs A., Laszlo Z., Lupkovics G., Medvegy M., Merkely B., Mihaly N., Nagy A.C., Dékány J.N., Nikoletta P., Noori E., Penzes J., Poor F., Sarszegi Z., Simay A., Simon J., Szakal I., Szatmarine V., Szocs A., Zilahi Z., Karsai X.Z., Andersen K., Sigurdadottir E., Skuladottir F., Abdullakutty J., Abhaichand R., Abhyankar A., Agarwal D.K., Aggarwal R.K., Ahire N., Awasthi A.K., Babu R., Bai A., Bali H.K., Banker D., Bhadade S., Bisne V., Bohra P., Raghu C., Chauhan D., Chauhan H., Chavada J., Chaware G., Chella S., Chintala P., Dash D., Desai D., Devasia T., Dhanak R., Dobariya H., Dudhatra N., Duhan S., Fulwani M., Ghondale N., Ghosh S., Gohel P., Govindaraj D., Goyal B., Goyal S., Gundala A.K., Gupta M., Hardas S., Iby M., Jagtap P., Jain A., Joshi U., Karpuram M., Kaur H., Khan A., Khan R., Kodem D.R., Koeitti P., Kulkarni L., Kullal P., Kumar K.S., Kumbla M., Latheef K., Lohkare M., Santosh M.J., Makhe B., Mandati M., Mehta A., Minocha G., Mittal A., Modi R., Mohan K., Oomman A., Pai R., Pai V., Palaniswami N., Pansheriya A., Parekh N., Patel J., Patel R., Patole T., Praveen M., Radhakrishnan V., Rajan B A., Rajasekhar D., Rao M., Rao M.B., Rao N.M., Rathnavel S., Rathore A., Rathore SRS., Rawat S., Reddy N.C., Sarma R., Sathe S., Shah J., Shaikh P., Sharma K., Sharma S., Sharma T., Shetty P., Sidhu G., Singh V., Sohi G.S., Srinath V.S., Raju S.S., Taran A., Thakkar B., Velusamy K., Vijan V., Vora V., Vuriya A.K., Agosta G.F., Antonicelli R., Ardissino D., Argiolas G., Baldin M.G., Benedetti G., Berti S., Bevilacqua M.T., Bolognesi M.G., Dessalvi C.C., Calabrese A., Campanale E.G., Candusso R., Caso P., Cosmi F., Crea F., Crocamo A., De Caterina R., De Rosa S., Destro M., Di Biase M., Dognini G.P., Eleuteri E., Fedele F., Ferrario M., Gabrielli D., Gamba C., Ganau A., Gravellone M., Iannopollo G., Indolfi C., Infusino F., Invitti C., Landolfi A., Lembo G., Liberato N.L., Mannucci E., Marino P., Mariottoni B., Marziali A., Mercuro G., Monti L., Mos L., Mureddu V., Musumeci M.B., Novo S., Panzarino C., Parente A., Perotti M., Filardi P.P., Petrillo C., Piatti P., Priori S., Racca V., Ragghianti B., Renda G., Righini V., Sarcone M., Senni M., Soro E., Tamburrini P., Vallone L., Villani G.Q., Volpe M., Ajioka M., Akai Y., Ashino K., Baden M., Doi M., Eki Y., Endo T., Fukuike C., Hagiwara Y., Hasegawa K., Higuchi Y., Higuchi T., Hioki M., Hirayama A., Hiroma J., Hosokawa S., Ichisawa M., Iijima T., Inada T., Inagaki M., Ito K., Kaigawa K., Kajihara S., Kamiya H., Kamiya J., Kaneno Y., Katahira K., Kataoka M., Kawai M., Kawasaki T., Kojima E., Komura Y., Kuramochi T., Kuruma T., Kyo E., Mani H., Miyamoto T., Morii I., Morinaga Y., Morisawa T., Nagai Y., Naka T., Nakamura Y., Nakamura S., Nakayoshi K., Nishibe A., Ogawa M., Okada Y., Okawa M., Sakamoto Y., Sakurada M., Sasaki S., Seki S., Shimomura H., Shinozaki T., Sugimoto N., Suzuki A., Taguchi S., Takahashi J., Takase S., Tanabe K., Tanaka A., Tani S., Tomioka J., Tsuboi H., Tsuji M., Tsujita K., Tsujiyama S., Umesu A., Yamada T., Yamaguchi E., Yamamoto H., Yamamoto T., Yamane M., Yanase T., Yasuoka S., Yasutake M., Yokoyama M., Yoshida M., Yoshimoto E., Yunoki C., Balode A., Dormidontova G., Flaksa I., Nagele-Luse I., Rancane G., Sime I., Bartuseviciene S., Cepinskiene L., Dobilas V., Grigaraviciene I., Marcinkeviciene J., Mazutavicius R., Miliuniene R., Motiejuniene R., Norkiene S., Norkute-Macijauske U., Rudys A., Slapikas R., Stonkute K., Strazdiene D., Tijuneliene E., Urbonas G., Vanagiene S., Viezelis M., Arenas Leon JL., Bayram E., Carrillo J., Davalos C., De Los Rios M., Delgadillo T., Hernández N., Leon S., Mendoza N., Muñoz W., Ramos G., Anneveldt A., Bakker H., Brouwer M., Bunschoten P., De Boer P., De Jong C., De Vos A., Den Hartog F., Doesborg L., Dommerholt R., Drost I., Ellenbroek D., Engelen W., Folkeringa R.J., Hamer BJB., Herrman J.P., Hoogslag PAM., Jansen M., Jerzewski A., Joosten C., Kalkman C., Kietselaer B., Kok M., Kooiman E., Kose V., Lardinois R., Lenderink T., Lok DJA., Lousberg A., Meijlis P., Mulder R., Singerling M., Smeele F., Stroes E., Swart H.P., Ten Holt W., Van Der Wal M., Van Der Zwaan C., Van Kempen W.W., Van Maarseveen M., Van Stein I., Viergever E.P., Visseren FLJ., Voors C., Nugteren SKZ., Ata B., Berulfsen A., Rønnevik T.D., Dickstein K., Furuseth B., Grundtvig M., Hansen H., Hofsoey K., Høivik H.O., Bøen R.H., Hurtig U., Pettersen K.I., Johansen E., Kleve R., Kolleroy C., Moen S., Nilsen V., Norin V., Otterstad J.E., Risberg K., Rønnevik P., Sirnes P.A., Skjelvan G., Strand S., Szacinski G., Vegsundvåg J., Alcalde J.M., Gomez Sanchez J., Rodriguez J., Rodriguez A., Zena N., Baszak J., Cymerman K., Czerski T., Fratczak M., Jaguszewska G., Kawka-Urbanek T., Koba M., Kopaczewski J., Kopczyńska M., Laniec M., Lysek R., Sciborski R., Szpajer M., Torun A., Wujkowski M., Zielinski M., Ahn Y., Baek C., Bang S.A., Chang K., Choi A.J., Han S., Hyun K., Kim M., Kim K.S., Kim B., Lee S.H., Lee J., Lee H.N., Lee J.H., Moon K., Park B., Park C., Tahk S., Yim K.H., Yim S., Tase T., Andor M., Aron G., Badea C., Casoinic F., Clocotan M., Coman S., Emil B., Imre B.S., Istratoaie O., Liviu C., Maximov D., Militaru C., Minescu B., Istvan K.P., Parepa I., Petrescu L., Podoleanu C., Pop C.F., Popa V., Popescu E., Radoi M., Sarbu I., Socoteanu E., Socoteanu G., Sorodoc L., Spiridon M., Stanciulescu G., Stefanescu M., Tanaseanu C., Tudoran M., Zdrenghea D., Agafina A., Akatova E., Avdonina N., Balukova E., Barbarash O.L., Bartosh L., Boyarkin M., Bulashova O., Burova N., Churina S., Demidova M., Dorogova I., Dovgalevskiy Y., Dovgolis S., Dudarev M., Fitilev S., Gapon L., Gazizianova V., Gordeev I., Ivanov I., Izmozherova N., Kazanskay E., Khirmanov V., Khromtsova O., Konradi A., Kosmacheva E., Kozlova S., Kulibaba E., Kuzin A., Libov I., Lipchenko A., Lozhkina N., Malchikova S., Morozov E., Myslyaeva L., Onuchina E., Palatkina T., Panov A., Parmon E., Petelina T., Repin A., Reznik I., Sazonova E., Sergienko T., Shaposhnik I., Shapovalova Y., Shustov S., Shvarts Y., Skopets I., Skuratova M., Smolenskaya O., Solovev O., Trofimov V., Vasiliev M., Vezikova N., Vozzhaev A., Yakushin S., Zadionchenko V., Apostolovic S., Adjic N.C., Ilic I., Ilic S., Nikolic L., Pupic L., Stokuca-Korac N., Antalik L., Bugan V., Csala L., Dokupilova A., Dzupina A., Forgon T., Fulop P., Gonsorcik J., Gyorgyova E., Holoubek D., Horvat P., Kamensky G., Kolikova V., Krupciakova B., Lenner E., Lennerova J., Lukac J., Majercak I., Mancikova I., Micko K., Nociar J., Pales J., Palka J.Jr., Poliacik P., Ruffini L., Sabo L., Skubova K., Slanina M., Smik R., Srdos V., Stitova M., Stofkova D., Strbova J., Such S., Toth P., Urgeova L., Vinanska D., Zareczky P., Flezar M., Kovacic D., Marcun R., Zagozen P., Bolsmann C., Conradie C., Dawood S.Y., Decsi K.L., Ebrahim I., Henley L., Horak A., Kapp I., Komati S., Lock E., Maboyi S., Makotoko E., Manga P., Page A., Ramdas S., Ranjith N., Roos J., Talliard C., Ajax K., Al-Khalili F., Assarsson E., Bergholtz T., Blom K.B., Boman K., Boström P.A., Curiac D., Jensen E.D., Dahlen G., Davidsson K., Duckert A., Hansson A., Härstedt N., Henriksson A., Olsson G.H., Johansson K., Jonsson J.E., Knutsson A., Lindholm C.J., Lönnberg I., Lundqvist M., Mellberg L., Moodh J., Mooe T., Olofsson M., Risenfors M., Rönndahl M., Sundelin R., Suorra I., Torgersruud M., Torstensson I., Chen C.P., Chen Z.C., Chen M.H., Cheng S.M., Cheng J.J., Fang C.Y., Ho C.J., Hsieh I.C., Huang P.H., Huang A., Kuo J.Y., Lai W.T., Lee S.C., Lin T., Liu H.M., Tsai M.C., Tsao H.M., Tzong L., Ueng K.C., Wang Y.L., Wang H.C., Wang C.P., Yang C.C., Abaci F., Birdane A., Yilmaz M.B., Asim Oktay AO., Kan G., Koldas N., Ozcan I.T., Sahin M., Sahin T., Saka B., Tekten T., Ucar N., Uresin S., Yigit Z., Arif I., Bakhai A., Baksi A., Blagdon M., Brickman T., Brown N., Burton M., Burton J., Chaggar S., Chung A., Collier D., Covell W., Crawford G., Davies N., Davies M., Dayer M., Doughty A., Duff J., Dwenger E., Fisher J., Fitzpatrick L., Garner K., Glover J., Haughton G., Ilsley M., Ivan P., Voyzey E.J., Keenan S., Kelt T., Knight J., Kondagunta V., Lang C., Lee K., Lim L., Macdonald J., Mathew A., Mckenzie A., Mckibbin A., Michalska A., Pagett K., Pogson A., Price R., Price D., Procter K., Pye M., Redfearn H., Rewbury J., Ryding A., Sattar N., Sharp A., Shaw P., Simpson H., Smith W., Squire I., Storey R., Teenan M., Thomas H., Townend J., Trevelyan J., Wakeling J., Walukiewicz P., Wilkinson S., Zaman A., Acevedo L., Benton J., 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W., Caballero-Valiente B., Carr K., Halliwell T.C., Castillo J., Cei L., Cerda L., Chambers J., Chamblee T., Chattin W., Chee L., Chen Y.C., Cherlin R., Cheung D., Chiodi L., Christensen L., Christenson S., Cislowski D., Clavier-Firmin C., Colfer H., Colvin T., Cosgrove N., Covert C., Cox B., Cox R., Craig W., Crandall L., Crepps K., Cromer M., Cruz H., Cruz M., Cucher F., Damron M., Dave K., Dave B., Davis M., Davis B., Dawkins-Hughes S., Dean J., Debnam S., Defosse C., Dehning M., Dela Llana A., Dellorso M., Denham D., Desalle D., Dettmer M., Dhawan M., Diago M., Dicken T., Diederich C., Diederich M., Diehl R., Digangi D., Diller P., Dimattia M., Dodds G., Doggett J., Donahue K., Doughty L., Dragutksy B., Dreese M., Dunhurst F., Dunn D., Dutka C., Earl J., Eaton C., Eaves W., Ebeling K., Eder F., Edgerton L., Edillo C., Edwards J., Edwards T., Einhorn D., El Hafi S., Ellis M., Erickson B., Ervin W., Eskridge L., Fail P., Falcon D., Fang C., Fattal P., Fawson A., Felix L., Ferdinand K., Fien E., Fintel D., Firek C., Fitz-Patrick D., Flores E., Flores H., Floro T., Forker A., Foster M., Foucauld J., Lehman K.F., Fox B., Francoeur L., Frandsen B., Frivold G., Fruchter G., Fullerton D., Gabriel J., Gacioch G., Garas S., Garcia N., Garcia Rinaldi R., Garcia-Fragoso V., Garcia-Portela M., Gelb R., George F., Ghali J., Gilbert J., Gilley J., Glancy R., Goff R., Goldberg N., Gonzales D., Gonzales V., Gonzalez E., Gorges R., Gould R., Grabeau R., Grable M., Graham J.A., Graif J., Green E., Greener R., Greenway F., Grieshaber V., Griffin S., Gros C., Gudipati RVC., Guillinta P., Gupta V., Gutmann J., Gwyn M., El Hachem M., Hage F., Hageman T., Haidar A., Hakas J., Haldis T., Hall L., Hall C., Hall S., Halpern S., Hamud-Socoro A., Hardee L., Harrell W., Harrington A., Hartwell J., Hasan F., Hattler B., Haught H., Haynes E., Haywood A., Heaney L., Hecht J., Hernandez I., Herzog W., Hess E., Hill H., Hilton T., Hinderaker P., Hodnett P., Hoffman M., Hogan C., Holmes Z., Rees D.H., Hotchkiss D., Huang P., Humbert J., Hutchens E., Iachini K., Ibarra M., Igbokidi O., Ilahi T., Imbrognio M., Ipp E., Iteld B., Jacques G., Jafri A., Jafry B., Jardula M., Jefferson D., Jenkins R., Johnson E., Johnson J., Jones S., Kawahara M., Kelehan S., Kelly R., Kendall T., Kereiakes D., Khan M., Khan S., Kick J., Kimmel M., King T., King A., Kirkland S., Kissel S., Kitchens D., Klein P., Klugherz B., Korban E., Koren M., Korte M., Kostis J., Kotek L., Kozak M., Kreutter F., Kusnick B., Labovitz R., Lail J., Lamance J., Lamas G., Lambert J., Lambert C., Landzberg J., Langdon J., Lavoie W., Ledger G., Lee T., Lehman R., Leimbach W., Lennard M., Lepor N., Lester F., Levin P., Levinson L., Lewis D., Lillo J., Link L., Long C., Longaker R., Lorch G., Lucksinger G., Lynd S., Rhudy J.M., Madder R., Magness K., Maheshwari A., Alan A., Malek M., Maletz L., Malhotra V., Malhotra S., Mandviwala M., Mani C.K., Manuel J., Marchelletta N., Marshall L., Marsters M., Martin L., Martinez E., Mavromatis K., Maynard R., Mays M., Mays B., Mbulaiteye A., Mcalister R., Mccoy C., Mccrary D.Jr., Mccullough-O'Brien H., Mcdonald M., Mcgill J., Mcgrew F., Mckenzie C., Mclaurin B., Mclellan B.A., Mcneil D., Mcneill R., Mehrle A., Melbie K., Melliza T., Messina T., Meyer R., Michel K., Mikdadi G., Miller C., Miller R., Miller A., Miller G., Miller W., Mitchell J., Moats DJR., Mody F., Moffat J., Molk B., Molter D., Monroe T., Montero H., Montgomery R., Mookherjee D., Moran J., Moriarty P., Morrison J., Morton D., Moshayedi P., Mosley J., Moustafa M., Munshi K., Murray A., Mustafa J., Nadar V., Naidu R., Nalley J., Navy S., Neil L., Neutel J.M., Niblack P., Nicely V., Nicolai M., Nijmeh G., Nikas A., Nikyar A., Nixon S., Norman L., Noto G., Nour K., Nugent A., Ocman B., Odegard A., Olsen S., Ortiz-Carrasquillo R., Ossino N., Paez H., Palchick B., Paliwal Y., Pannell R., Parfait V., Partridge J., Patel B., Patel M., Patel S., Paysor C., Pena A., Pereira S., Perez M., Perez A., Perkins H., Perry B., Peters P., Phillippi C., Phillips A., Piacente R., Pintado M., Pish R., Pitt W., Poling T., Pomposini D., Poock J., Potts J., Poudrier R., Prior J., Pritchard C., Purighalla R., Quddusi K., Quinones J., Quinton D., Radin M., Radojcsics B., Rajput B., Rama B., Ramos M., Rauch R., Raynes K., Reber A.M., Reddy J., Reeves M., Reilly K., Renaud K., Resnick H., Reyes R., Richardson M., Riethof M., Riser J., Rodero M., Rodriguez Araya E., Roper L., Rozeman P., Ruder D., Runquist L., Sack G., Saint-Jacques H., Salfity M., Sall N., Sam K., Samal A., Sanchez D., Santiago J.Jr., Savignano C., Saylor R., Scheffel M., Schifferdecker B., Schindler E., Schneider P., Schneider R., Schnitzler R., Schrager B., Schwartz A., Scott R., Seals A., Shah A.V., Shah A., Shatsky K., Shayani S., Shealy N., Sheets L., Shelley J., Shepard P., Shetty S., Silver K., Simon M., Singh K., Singh N., Sizemore B.C., Skatrud L., Slayton C., Slimak V., Sloane G., Smallwood B., Smith P., Smith M., Smith T., Smith G., Smith B., Smith J., Soca Y., Sofley C., Sopko K., Sosa-Padilla M., Sotolongo R., Sprinkle B., Srivastava S., Starzec M., Steinhoff J., Stelly L., Stinson J., Stoddard M., Stoltz S., Stone B., Stover T., Strain J., Strugatsky S., Stys T., Suleman A., Sullivan P., Tamez W., Tandon N., Teltser M., Terry P.S., Terry K., Tessmar C., Thekkoott D., Thomas D., Thomas D.M., Thompson E., Thompson J., Thornton A., Tjaden T., Tobias C., Topper J., Tran A., Treasure C., Trenkamp P., Trevino M., Tsou L., Tuholske C., Uy W., Vahtel M., Vaid B., Valenzuela M., Vance A., Vandam J., Vanhecke T., Vanness WC III., Vargas R., Vaz S., Vazquez Tanus J., Veerina K., Vega J., Vento A., Vijay N., Voelker F., Vogt E., Vold D., Vora K., Wade R.D., Wadell C., Waksman R., Walker K., Wallace K., Warren M., Washam M., Watson B., Webel R., Wells T., West M., Whitaker J., White J., White C., White A., Wilhoit G., Wilkins M., Willingham K., Wilson S., Wilson V., Wise J., Woodall S., Woods A., Wright J., Xu 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Taqueti V., Wei N., Burris H., Cioffi A., Dalseg A.M., Ghosh N., Gralow J., Mayer T., Rugo H., Fowler V., Limaye A.P., Cosgrove S., Levine D., Lopes R., Scott J., Hilkert R., Tamesby G., Mickel C., Manning B., Woelcke J., Tan M., Manfreda S., Ponce T., Kam J., Saini R., Banker K., Salko T., Nandy P., Tawfik R., O’Neil G., Manne S., Jirvankar P., Lal S., Nema D., Jose J., Collins R., Bailey K., Blumenthal R., Colhoun H., Gersh B., Abreu M., Actis M.V., Aiub J., Aiub F., Albisu J., Alvarisqueta A., Avalos V., Barreto M., Berli M.A., Blumberg C., Bocanera M., Botta C., Bowen L., Budassi N., Buhlman S., Westberg J.C., Carabajal T., Caruso G., Casala J., Cendali G., Coloma G., Berra F.C., Cuneo C., Degennaro N., Dellasa M., Diaz M., Dos Santos P., Espinosa V., Facello A., Facello M., Farias E., Fernandez A.A., Ferrari V., Pacora F.F., Flores G.S., Franco M., Gabito A., Viola H.G., Garcia F., Garcia Duran R., Garcia Pinna J., Glenny J., Godoy Sanchez M., Grosse A., Guzman P., Hasbani E., Hominal M., Ibañez J., Jure H., Jure D., Vico M.L., Liniado G., Luciardi H., Luquez H., Maehara G., Maffei L., Majul C., Mallagray M., Marinaro S., Martinez J., Massaccesi R., De Los Milagros Had M., Azize G.M., Montana O., Montenegro E., Morell Y., Muntaner J., Navarrete S., Olmedo M., Paganini M., Paz S., Perez Manghi F., Piskorz D., Polato C., Recoaro R., Romano A., Salinger M., Sanchez A., Saravia M.A., Sarjanovich R., Scaro G., Schiavi L.B., Soler J., Tinnirello V., Tomassi A., Valle M., Vallejo M.A., Venturini C., Marcela Wenetz L.M., Yossen M., Zaidman C., Zalazar L., Zangroniz P., Amerena J., Brady L., Colquhoun D., Eccleston D., Ferreira-Jardim A., French J., Jayasinghe R., Mcintosh C., Ord M., Plotz M., Purnell P., Roberts-Thomson P., Schultz C., Shanahan T., Tan R., Taverner P., Turner F., Vibert J., Vorster M., William M., Youssef G., Bergler-Klein J., Brath H., Brodmann M., Fliesser-Goerzer E., Haider K., Heeren G., Hiden C., Mandic L., Paulweber B., Ploechl A., Prenner A., Steringer-Mascherbauer R., Strohner-Kaestenbauer H., Barbato E., Bouvy C., Briké C., Charlier F., Cools F., De Knijf K., De Wolf L., Delforge M., Deweerdt N., Gits F., Goffinet C., Hermans K., Hollanders G., Mestdagh I., Pirenne B., Servaes V., Simons N., Tahon S., Theunissen E., Van Genechten G., Vervoort G., Vissers C., Vranckx P., Vrolix M., Abib E.Jr., Abrantes J., Araujo Fonseca M., Barbosa E., Barroso W., Barroso A., Bodanese L., Botelho R., Costa Amorim R., Da Costa F., Da Silva A., Da Silva O.Jr., Da Silva D.Jr., Ferreira Dos Santos T., Dos Santos F., Dos Santos A., Duda N., Feitosa G., Felario Junior GA., Ferraz R., Filho P., Fonseca A., Wanderley F.F., Freitas E., Fucci F., Marengo Garcia De Carvalho L., Hernandez M., Hettwer Magedanz E., Julião K., Kormann A., Lameira A., Lima F., Lino E., Maia L., Manenti E., Marchi A.L., Fischer S.M., Michalaros Y., Moraes J.Jr., Moreira L., Pagnan M., Pesce F., Pinheiro L., Rassi S., Reis G., Reis H., Resende I., Roel A., Ruschel K., Saporito W., Saraiva J.F., Seroqui M., Silva R., Unterkircher B., Vicente C., Vieira N., Xavier J.P., Zucchetti C., Angelova I., Dimitrov G., Genova D., Gospodinov K., Goudev A., Grigorova V., Hristova K., Makedonska J.J., Katova T., Kostov K., Lazov P., Manov E., Manukov I., Manukov D., Milanova M., Kabakchieva V.M., Petrov D., Petrusheva T., Pramatarova I., Raev D., Runev N., Sirakova-Taseva A., Tisheva-Gospodinova S., Todorova A., Tzekova M., Yakovova S., Yanev T., Abulencia K., Arora S., Baker A., Bata I.R., Beaudry M., Belle Isle J., Bilodeau N., Boivin M.C., Bolduc H., Bourgeois S., Brons S., Cantor W., Chaussé I., Chhabra A., Chouinard G., Cleveland T., Dattani D., Deslongchamps F., Diodati J., Drouin K., Duchesne L., Fontaine S., D'Amours D.G., Gervais B., Gosselin G., Graham J., Grover A., Gupta A., Haldane H., Hartleib M., Hickey L., Huynh T., Johnston J., Julien V.E., Lachance P., Lake J., Lamontagne C., Lauzon C., Lepage S., Maheux K., Manyari D., Martin E., McPherson C., Mehta S., Michaud N., Kouz S.M., Murphy G., OKeefe D., Otis R., Ouimet F., Pandey S., Peck C., Perkins L., Richert L., Robbins K., Robinson S., Cabau J.R., Ross B., Roy C., Roy M., Roy A., Rupka D., Affaki G.S., Saunders K., Savard D., Soucy D., St Amour E., Thiessen S., Vertes G., Vezina M., Vincelli G., Weisnagel S.J., Zadra R., Chen J., Chen Y., Dong X., Feng Y., Feng Z., Fu G., Han B., Hao Y., He Y., He Z., Hong T., Jia Z., Jiang T., Jiang J., Jiang X., Ke Y., Li Y., Li Z., Li W., Li X., Liu P., Liu Y., Liu B., Liu S., Liu L., Lu Z., Lv Y., Ma C., Ma G., Peng L., Qing L., Ren L., Sang X., Song M., Sun Z., Wang J., Wang Y., Wei J., Wu W., Wu J., Xu H., Yan J., Yang P., Yang K., Yao Z., Yaoqing H., Yuan Z., Zhai Z., Zhang J., Zhang Y., Zhao R., Zhou H., Accini Mendoza JL., Aparicio C.V., Castillo T., Chaverra I., Conrado Y., Coronel J., Cotes C., Cuentas I., Cuervo A., Dussan M.A., Echeverria L., Hernandez E., Ibarra J., Isaza D., Jimenez D., Lopez P., Manzur F., Mejia I., Mendoza Y., Molina D.I., Patino J.M., Rodriguez D., Rodriguez L.M., Rodriguez S.M., Sanchez Vallejo G., Luz Serrano H., Sotomayor A., Urina M., Vesga B., Yupanqui H., Akrap B., Busic N., Ciglenecki N., Cmrecnjak J., Fucak E., Gabor M., Jeric M., Jutrisa N., Kordic K., Planinc I., Popovic Z., Radeljic V., Sesto I., Sutalo K., Tusek S., Belohlavek J., Budkova J., Busak L., Capova L., Cech V., Cermak O., Coufalova Z., Cyprian R., Dedek V., Dedkova S., Ferkl R., Hanak P., Hanustiakova A., Homza M., Horackova K., Houra M., Iveta H., Kaiserova L., Kala P., Karel I., Kellnerova I., Koleckar P., Kreckova M., Krupicka J., Lorenc Z., Machova V., Malik J., Masarikova L., Matyasek I., Mikus M., Mikusova T., Ondrasik J., Otava M., Palubova L., Pavlickova L., Peterka M., Petrova I., Pokorna B., Povolny P., Radvan M., Reznakova S., Rickova Z., Roszkowska P., Rotreklova M., Samkova D., Skalicka H., Slechticka A., Sternthal P., Telekes P., Tesak M., Vesely P., Vesely J., Vins P., Vitovec M., Vodnansky P., Zidova M., Keba E., Laane E., Pool T., Randvee L., Ratnik E., Reimand M., Reinmets S., Rivis L., Siemann M., Stern M., Toom M., Vahula V., Apel T., Axthelm C., Ayasse D., Ayasse M., Baar M., Baeumer A., Bagi E.S., Becker B., Binder A., Blankenberg S., Braun P., Johansen B.B., Contzen C., Delfonso F., Denecke C., Dengler T., Donaubauer T., Eichinger G., Englmann E., Erhard M., Faghih M., Foerster A., Frankenstein L., Fuchs R., Furch G., Gaeb-Strasas B., Germann H., Giese C., Goette A., Gravenhorst-Muenter U., Haege R., Haenel T., Hagemann D., Hagenow A., Hanefeld M., Heider J., Heisters J., Hennig D., Hielscher S., Himpel-Boenninghoff A., Holscher A., Hornig M., Jeserich M., Kaczmarek N., Kanitz S., Kara Y.D., Khariouzov A., Kiefer R., Kiroglu K., Klamm M., Klein C., Korth-Wiemann B., Krapivsky A., Kuenzler J., Kuntzsch A., Landers B., Lappo M., Laube S., Leggewie S., Lehmann D., Lepp H., Lierse T., Lindner C., Luecke-Uzar M., Luedemann J., Marschke T., Maruzzo S., Mauersberger K., Maus O., Meinrich M., Meissner A., Moehring B., Muehlhaus J., Mueller S., Muenter K.C., Muenzel T., Naumann R., Nebel J., Neumann J., Nuding S., Overhoff U., Papke B., Pencz I., Peter Y., Peukert A.M., Radde I., Rau T., Regner S., Reichenbach D., Reimer D., Rinke A., Roettges R., Romanski A., Rummel R., Samer H., Sanuri M., Sarnighausen H.E., Schäfer B., Scheibner T., Schermaul K.H., Schindler A., Schlundt C., Schmidt E., Schmidt K., Schnabel A., Schoen N., Schorn K., Schroeder T., Schulenburg D., Schulz M., Schulze U., Schulze J., Schumacher M., Schwerin G., Schwerin M., Stadelmeier S., Stahl H.D., Stahl A., Stockhausen J., Stockhausen G., Stoessel J., Stolze K., Stratmann M., Szymanowski N., Teschner A.B., Teske A., Uecker C., Veit S., Voeller H., Walter I., Walter J., Walther I., Weber H.G., Weimer J., Wichterich K., Wiebusch A., Willmerdinger M., Willner C., Winkelmann B., Winkler J., Wistuba T., Woehrle J., Wohnlich T., Wolf S., Woyczak D., Wrage P., Zirlik A., Anadiotis A., Chachalis G., Dermitzakis A., Kafarakis P., Kaldara E., Kolokathis F., Kostakou P., Lekakis J., Manolis A., Mantas I., Megalou A., Milkas A., Nanas J., Olympios C.D., Patsilinakos S., Perperis A., Poulimenos L., Saloustros I., Tsioufis K., Tsorbatzoglou K., Vardas P., Zarifis I., Aguilar M., Arango J.L., Borrayo N.A., Corona V., Guerrero A., Guzman I., Haase F., De Krumbach L., Montenegro P., Munoz R., Munoz N., Paniagua A., Solares A., Vogel M., Anita S., Blazsek Z., Decsi K., Fulop T., Hangyal T., Hegedus V., Kalina A., Karakai H., Katona A., Kiss R.G., Kovacs A., Laszlo Z., Lupkovics G., Medvegy M., Merkely B., Mihaly N., Nagy A.C., Dékány J.N., Nikoletta P., Noori E., Penzes J., Poor F., Sarszegi Z., Simay A., Simon J., Szakal I., Szatmarine V., Szocs A., Zilahi Z., Karsai X.Z., Andersen K., Sigurdadottir E., Skuladottir F., Abdullakutty J., Abhaichand R., Abhyankar A., Agarwal D.K., Aggarwal R.K., Ahire N., Awasthi A.K., Babu R., Bai A., Bali H.K., Banker D., Bhadade S., Bisne V., Bohra P., Raghu C., Chauhan D., Chauhan H., Chavada J., Chaware G., Chella S., Chintala P., Dash D., Desai D., Devasia T., Dhanak R., Dobariya H., Dudhatra N., Duhan S., Fulwani M., Ghondale N., Ghosh S., Gohel P., Govindaraj D., Goyal B., Goyal S., Gundala A.K., Gupta M., Hardas S., Iby M., Jagtap P., Jain A., Joshi U., Karpuram M., Kaur H., Khan A., Khan R., Kodem D.R., Koeitti P., Kulkarni L., Kullal P., Kumar K.S., Kumbla M., Latheef K., Lohkare M., Santosh M.J., Makhe B., Mandati M., Mehta A., Minocha G., Mittal A., Modi R., Mohan K., Oomman A., Pai R., Pai V., Palaniswami N., Pansheriya A., Parekh N., Patel J., Patel R., Patole T., Praveen M., Radhakrishnan V., Rajan B A., Rajasekhar D., Rao M., Rao M.B., Rao N.M., Rathnavel S., Rathore A., Rathore SRS., Rawat S., Reddy N.C., Sarma R., Sathe S., Shah J., Shaikh P., Sharma K., Sharma S., Sharma T., Shetty P., Sidhu G., Singh V., Sohi G.S., Srinath V.S., Raju S.S., Taran A., Thakkar B., Velusamy K., Vijan V., Vora V., Vuriya A.K., Agosta G.F., Antonicelli R., Ardissino D., Argiolas G., Baldin M.G., Benedetti G., Berti S., Bevilacqua M.T., Bolognesi M.G., Dessalvi C.C., Calabrese A., Campanale E.G., Candusso R., Caso P., Cosmi F., Crea F., Crocamo A., De Caterina R., De Rosa S., Destro M., Di Biase M., Dognini G.P., Eleuteri E., Fedele F., Ferrario M., Gabrielli D., Gamba C., Ganau A., Gravellone M., Iannopollo G., Indolfi C., Infusino F., Invitti C., Landolfi A., Lembo G., Liberato N.L., Mannucci E., Marino P., Mariottoni B., Marziali A., Mercuro G., Monti L., Mos L., Mureddu V., Musumeci M.B., Novo S., Panzarino C., Parente A., Perotti M., Filardi P.P., Petrillo C., Piatti P., Priori S., Racca V., Ragghianti B., Renda G., Righini V., Sarcone M., Senni M., Soro E., Tamburrini P., Vallone L., Villani G.Q., Volpe M., Ajioka M., Akai Y., Ashino K., Baden M., Doi M., Eki Y., Endo T., Fukuike C., Hagiwara Y., Hasegawa K., Higuchi Y., Higuchi T., Hioki M., Hirayama A., Hiroma J., Hosokawa S., Ichisawa M., Iijima T., Inada T., Inagaki M., Ito K., Kaigawa K., Kajihara S., Kamiya H., Kamiya J., Kaneno Y., Katahira K., Kataoka M., Kawai M., Kawasaki T., Kojima E., Komura Y., Kuramochi T., Kuruma T., Kyo E., Mani H., Miyamoto T., Morii I., Morinaga Y., Morisawa T., Nagai Y., Naka T., Nakamura Y., Nakamura S., Nakayoshi K., Nishibe A., Ogawa M., Okada Y., Okawa M., Sakamoto Y., Sakurada M., Sasaki S., Seki S., Shimomura H., Shinozaki T., Sugimoto N., Suzuki A., Taguchi S., Takahashi J., Takase S., Tanabe K., Tanaka A., Tani S., Tomioka J., Tsuboi H., Tsuji M., Tsujita K., Tsujiyama S., Umesu A., Yamada T., Yamaguchi E., Yamamoto H., Yamamoto T., Yamane M., Yanase T., Yasuoka S., Yasutake M., Yokoyama M., Yoshida M., Yoshimoto E., Yunoki C., Balode A., Dormidontova G., Flaksa I., Nagele-Luse I., Rancane G., Sime I., Bartuseviciene S., Cepinskiene L., Dobilas V., Grigaraviciene I., Marcinkeviciene J., Mazutavicius R., Miliuniene R., Motiejuniene R., Norkiene S., Norkute-Macijauske U., Rudys A., Slapikas R., Stonkute K., Strazdiene D., Tijuneliene E., Urbonas G., Vanagiene S., Viezelis M., Arenas Leon JL., Bayram E., Carrillo J., Davalos C., De Los Rios M., Delgadillo T., Hernández N., Leon S., Mendoza N., Muñoz W., Ramos G., Anneveldt A., Bakker H., Brouwer M., Bunschoten P., De Boer P., De Jong C., De Vos A., Den Hartog F., Doesborg L., Dommerholt R., Drost I., Ellenbroek D., Engelen W., Folkeringa R.J., Hamer BJB., Herrman J.P., Hoogslag PAM., Jansen M., Jerzewski A., Joosten C., Kalkman C., Kietselaer B., Kok M., Kooiman E., Kose V., Lardinois R., Lenderink T., Lok DJA., Lousberg A., Meijlis P., Mulder R., Singerling M., Smeele F., Stroes E., Swart H.P., Ten Holt W., Van Der Wal M., Van Der Zwaan C., Van Kempen W.W., Van Maarseveen M., Van Stein I., Viergever E.P., Visseren FLJ., Voors C., Nugteren SKZ., Ata B., Berulfsen A., Rønnevik T.D., Dickstein K., Furuseth B., Grundtvig M., Hansen H., Hofsoey K., Høivik H.O., Bøen R.H., Hurtig U., Pettersen K.I., Johansen E., Kleve R., Kolleroy 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B., Lenner E., Lennerova J., Lukac J., Majercak I., Mancikova I., Micko K., Nociar J., Pales J., Palka J.Jr., Poliacik P., Ruffini L., Sabo L., Skubova K., Slanina M., Smik R., Srdos V., Stitova M., Stofkova D., Strbova J., Such S., Toth P., Urgeova L., Vinanska D., Zareczky P., Flezar M., Kovacic D., Marcun R., Zagozen P., Bolsmann C., Conradie C., Dawood S.Y., Decsi K.L., Ebrahim I., Henley L., Horak A., Kapp I., Komati S., Lock E., Maboyi S., Makotoko E., Manga P., Page A., Ramdas S., Ranjith N., Roos J., Talliard C., Ajax K., Al-Khalili F., Assarsson E., Bergholtz T., Blom K.B., Boman K., Boström P.A., Curiac D., Jensen E.D., Dahlen G., Davidsson K., Duckert A., Hansson A., Härstedt N., Henriksson A., Olsson G.H., Johansson K., Jonsson J.E., Knutsson A., Lindholm C.J., Lönnberg I., Lundqvist M., Mellberg L., Moodh J., Mooe T., Olofsson M., Risenfors M., Rönndahl M., Sundelin R., Suorra I., Torgersruud M., Torstensson I., Chen C.P., Chen Z.C., Chen M.H., Cheng S.M., Cheng J.J., Fang 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Wakeling J., Walukiewicz P., Wilkinson S., Zaman A., Acevedo L., Benton J., Abbate A., Aboufakher R., Acampora M., Acampora D., Aceto L., Acevedo B., Acheatel R., Adams M., Adams A., Ahmad I., Ahmed S.H., Aish B., Akyea-Djamson A., Al Joundi T., Alcide P., Alfieri A., Alfonso T., Alfrey A., Allen J., Alllison D.C., Almaliky T., Amos A., Angiolillo D., Antolick A., Ara M., Aragorn L., Arevalo S., Armas E., Arthur A., Asafu-Adjaye N., Ashcom T., Ashford M., Aslam A., Ather N., Atieh M., Aull L., Ayala M., Azizad M., Backer T., Baehl S., Bailey S., Bair S., Baker C., Ballmajo M., Pieretti H.B., Baquero A., Barnett S., Baron S., Bartkowiak A., Bashir K., Beall K., Beauregard L.A., Sarah S., Beckett L., Belejchak P., Bendelow T., Bender D., Benjamin S., Berdoff R., Berger V., Bergeron P., Berk M., Bernstein M., Binns Y., Bitzer V., Blahey M., Bloch S., Bluemel J., Boffetti P., Boley K., Bonner J., Boudreaux R., Boulanger K., Bradley A., Bramlet D., Bredlau C., Briggs S., Brousalis L., Brown S., Brown C., Buchannan C., Burke W., Burley T., Burton C., Burtt D., Byars W., Caballero-Valiente B., Carr K., Halliwell T.C., Castillo J., Cei L., Cerda L., Chambers J., Chamblee T., Chattin W., Chee L., Chen Y.C., Cherlin R., Cheung D., Chiodi L., Christensen L., Christenson S., Cislowski D., Clavier-Firmin C., Colfer H., Colvin T., Cosgrove N., Covert C., Cox B., Cox R., Craig W., Crandall L., Crepps K., Cromer M., Cruz H., Cruz M., Cucher F., Damron M., Dave K., Dave B., Davis M., Davis B., Dawkins-Hughes S., Dean J., Debnam S., Defosse C., Dehning M., Dela Llana A., Dellorso M., Denham D., Desalle D., Dettmer M., Dhawan M., Diago M., Dicken T., Diederich C., Diederich M., Diehl R., Digangi D., Diller P., Dimattia M., Dodds G., Doggett J., Donahue K., Doughty L., Dragutksy B., Dreese M., Dunhurst F., Dunn D., Dutka C., Earl J., Eaton C., Eaves W., Ebeling K., Eder F., Edgerton L., Edillo C., Edwards J., Edwards T., Einhorn D., El Hafi S., Ellis M., Erickson B., Ervin W., Eskridge L., Fail P., Falcon D., Fang C., Fattal P., Fawson A., Felix L., Ferdinand K., Fien E., Fintel D., Firek C., Fitz-Patrick D., Flores E., Flores H., Floro T., Forker A., Foster M., Foucauld J., Lehman K.F., Fox B., Francoeur L., Frandsen B., Frivold G., Fruchter G., Fullerton D., Gabriel J., Gacioch G., Garas S., Garcia N., Garcia Rinaldi R., Garcia-Fragoso V., Garcia-Portela M., Gelb R., George F., Ghali J., Gilbert J., Gilley J., Glancy R., Goff R., Goldberg N., Gonzales D., Gonzales V., Gonzalez E., Gorges R., Gould R., Grabeau R., Grable M., Graham J.A., Graif J., Green E., Greener R., Greenway F., Grieshaber V., Griffin S., Gros C., Gudipati RVC., Guillinta P., Gupta V., Gutmann J., Gwyn M., El Hachem M., Hage F., Hageman T., Haidar A., Hakas J., Haldis T., Hall L., Hall C., Hall S., Halpern S., Hamud-Socoro A., Hardee L., Harrell W., Harrington A., Hartwell J., Hasan F., Hattler B., Haught H., Haynes E., Haywood A., Heaney L., Hecht J., Hernandez I., Herzog W., Hess E., Hill H., Hilton T., Hinderaker P., Hodnett P., Hoffman M., Hogan C., Holmes Z., Rees D.H., Hotchkiss D., Huang P., Humbert J., Hutchens E., Iachini K., Ibarra M., Igbokidi O., Ilahi T., Imbrognio M., Ipp E., Iteld B., Jacques G., Jafri A., Jafry B., Jardula M., Jefferson D., Jenkins R., Johnson E., Johnson J., Jones S., Kawahara M., Kelehan S., Kelly R., Kendall T., Kereiakes D., Khan M., Khan S., Kick J., Kimmel M., King T., King A., Kirkland S., Kissel S., Kitchens D., Klein P., Klugherz B., Korban E., Koren M., Korte M., Kostis J., Kotek L., Kozak M., Kreutter F., Kusnick B., Labovitz R., Lail J., Lamance J., Lamas G., Lambert J., Lambert C., Landzberg J., Langdon J., Lavoie W., Ledger G., Lee T., Lehman R., Leimbach W., Lennard M., Lepor N., Lester F., Levin P., Levinson L., Lewis D., Lillo J., Link L., Long C., Longaker R., Lorch G., Lucksinger G., Lynd S., Rhudy J.M., Madder R., Magness K., Maheshwari A., Alan A., Malek M., Maletz L., Malhotra V., Malhotra S., Mandviwala M., Mani C.K., Manuel J., Marchelletta N., Marshall L., Marsters M., Martin L., Martinez E., Mavromatis K., Maynard R., Mays M., Mays B., Mbulaiteye A., Mcalister R., Mccoy C., Mccrary D.Jr., Mccullough-O'Brien H., Mcdonald M., Mcgill J., Mcgrew F., Mckenzie C., Mclaurin B., Mclellan B.A., Mcneil D., Mcneill R., Mehrle A., Melbie K., Melliza T., Messina T., Meyer R., Michel K., Mikdadi G., Miller C., Miller R., Miller A., Miller G., Miller W., Mitchell J., Moats DJR., Mody F., Moffat J., Molk B., Molter D., Monroe T., Montero H., Montgomery R., Mookherjee D., Moran J., Moriarty P., Morrison J., Morton D., Moshayedi P., Mosley J., Moustafa M., Munshi K., Murray A., Mustafa J., Nadar V., Naidu R., Nalley J., Navy S., Neil L., Neutel J.M., Niblack P., Nicely V., Nicolai M., Nijmeh G., Nikas A., Nikyar A., Nixon S., Norman L., Noto G., Nour K., Nugent A., Ocman B., Odegard A., Olsen S., Ortiz-Carrasquillo R., Ossino N., Paez H., Palchick B., Paliwal Y., Pannell R., Parfait V., Partridge J., Patel B., Patel M., Patel S., Paysor C., Pena A., Pereira S., Perez M., Perez A., Perkins H., Perry B., Peters P., Phillippi C., Phillips A., Piacente R., Pintado M., Pish R., Pitt W., Poling T., Pomposini D., Poock J., Potts J., Poudrier R., Prior J., Pritchard C., Purighalla R., Quddusi K., Quinones J., Quinton D., Radin M., Radojcsics B., Rajput B., Rama B., Ramos M., Rauch R., Raynes K., Reber A.M., Reddy J., Reeves M., Reilly K., Renaud K., Resnick H., Reyes R., Richardson M., Riethof M., Riser J., Rodero M., Rodriguez Araya E., Roper L., Rozeman P., Ruder D., Runquist L., Sack G., Saint-Jacques H., Salfity M., Sall N., Sam K., Samal A., Sanchez D., Santiago J.Jr., Savignano C., Saylor R., Scheffel M., Schifferdecker B., Schindler E., Schneider P., Schneider R., Schnitzler R., Schrager B., Schwartz A., Scott R., Seals A., Shah A.V., Shah A., Shatsky K., Shayani S., Shealy N., Sheets L., Shelley J., Shepard P., Shetty S., Silver K., Simon M., Singh K., Singh N., Sizemore B.C., Skatrud L., Slayton C., Slimak V., Sloane G., Smallwood B., Smith P., Smith M., Smith T., Smith G., Smith B., Smith J., Soca Y., Sofley C., Sopko K., Sosa-Padilla M., Sotolongo R., Sprinkle B., Srivastava S., Starzec M., Steinhoff J., Stelly L., Stinson J., Stoddard M., Stoltz S., Stone B., Stover T., Strain J., Strugatsky S., Stys T., Suleman A., Sullivan P., Tamez W., Tandon N., Teltser M., Terry P.S., Terry K., Tessmar C., Thekkoott D., Thomas D., Thomas D.M., Thompson E., Thompson J., Thornton A., Tjaden T., Tobias C., Topper J., Tran A., Treasure C., Trenkamp P., Trevino M., Tsou L., Tuholske C., Uy W., Vahtel M., Vaid B., Valenzuela M., Vance A., Vandam J., Vanhecke T., Vanness WC III., Vargas R., Vaz S., Vazquez Tanus J., Veerina K., Vega J., Vento A., Vijay N., Voelker F., Vogt E., Vold D., Vora K., Wade R.D., Wadell C., Waksman R., Walker K., Wallace K., Warren M., Washam M., Watson B., Webel R., Wells T., West M., Whitaker J., White J., White C., White A., Wilhoit G., Wilkins M., Willingham K., Wilson S., Wilson V., Wise J., Woodall S., Woods A., Wright J., Xu Z.J., Yarows S., Young A., Younis L., Zarate J., Zebrack J., Zhang W., Zieve F., and Zineldine A.
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Experimental and clinical data suggest that reducing inflammation without affecting lipid levels may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Yet, the inflammatory hypothesis of atherothrombosis has remained unproved. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind trial of canakinumab, a therapeutic monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-1β, involving 10,061 patients with previous myocardial infarction and a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level of 2 mg or more per liter. The trial compared three doses of canakinumab (50 mg, 150 mg, and 300 mg, administered subcutaneously every 3 months) with placebo. The primary efficacy end point was nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or cardiovascular death. RESULTS: At 48 months, the median reduction from baseline in the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level was 26 percentage points greater in the group that received the 50-mg dose of canakinumab, 37 percentage points greater in the 150-mg group, and 41 percentage points greater in the 300-mg group than in the placebo group. Canakinumab did not reduce lipid levels from baseline. At a median follow-up of 3.7 years, the incidence rate for the primary end point was 4.50 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group, 4.11 events per 100 person-years in the 50-mg group, 3.86 events per 100 person-years in the 150-mg group, and 3.90 events per 100 person-years in the 300-mg group. The hazard ratios as compared with placebo were as follows: in the 50-mg group, 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 1.07; P=0.30); in the 150-mg group, 0.85 (95% CI, 0.74 to 0.98; P=0.021); and in the 300-mg group, 0.86 (95% CI, 0.75 to 0.99; P=0.031). The 150-mg dose, but not the other doses, met the prespecified multiplicity-adjusted threshold for statistical significance for the primary end point and the secondary end point that additionally included hospitalization for unstable angina that led to urgent revascularization (hazard ratio vs. placebo, 0.83
105. The occurrence of tydeoid mites (Acari: Tydeoidea) in Hungarian vineyards
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Tempfli, B., Pénzes, B., Fail, J., and Szabó, Á.
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- 2015
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106. Performance of Arrhenotokous and Thelytokous Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Onion and Cabbage and Its Implications on Evolution and Pest Management
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Li, Xiao-Wei, Fail, Jozsef, Wang, Ping, Feng, Ji-Nian, and Shelton, A. M.
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- 2014
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107. Characterization of Resistance, Evaluation of the Attractiveness of Plant Odors, and Effect of Leaf Color on Different Onion Cultivars to Onion Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
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Diaz-Montano, John, Fail, József, Deutschlander, Mark, Nault, Brian A., and Shelton, Anthony M.
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- 2012
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108. Onion Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae): A Global Pest of Increasing Concern in Onion
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Diaz-Montano, John, Fuchs, Marc, Nault, Brian A., Fail, József, and Shelton, Anthony M.
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- 2011
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109. Letters
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Fail, Joseph
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- 2007
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110. Another “Prominent Female Biologist”
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Fail, Joseph
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- 2004
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111. The Vital Study of Botany
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FAIL, JOSEPH
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- 2004
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112. Teach Evolution Early
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FAIL, JOSEPH
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- 2006
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113. Antixenotic Resistance of Cabbage to Onion Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). I. Light Reflectance
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Fail, József, Deutschlander, Mark E., and Shelton, Anthony M.
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- 2013
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114. Exceptionally Potent Antispermatogenic Compounds from 8-Halogenation of (4aRS,5SR,9bRS)-Hexahydroindeno[1,2-c]pyridines
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Cook, C. E., Jump, J. M., Zhang, P., Stephens, J. R., Lee, Y.-W., Fail, P. A., and Anderson, S. A.
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- 1997
115. Assessment of polystyrene extract for estrogenic activity in the ratuterotrophic model and an in vitro recombinant receptor reporter gene assay
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Zacharewski, T., Borodinsky, L., Fail, P. A., Hines, J. W., and Wu, Z. F.
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TOXICOLOGY - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether polystrene used in food-contact applications would elicit an estrogenic response when extracts simulating exaggerated conditions of use were subjected to in vivo and in vitro tests. A sample of polystyrene was subjected to extraction conditions that simulate, or exaggerate, the actual food-contact uses of polystyrene to maximize the amount of low molecular weight polystyrene extractables. The food-simulating solvent and the time and temperature conditions recommended by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) were selected to maximize the level of extractable components from polystyrene. The extract was examined for its estrogenic response in vivo using the immature rat uterotrophic assay and in vivo using an estrogen receptor (ER)-mediated recombinant receptor reporter gene assay. In vitro, the uterine weights of juvenile female Sprague Dawley
(r) rats (10 rats/group) were determined after oral gavage exposure to the extract (two dosage levels: one representsthe maximum potential daily human exposure to polystyrene extractables and the other represents one-tenth of the maximum exposure level),vehicle control (sesame oil), or positive control [diethylstilbestrol (DES), at 200 5g/kg body weight]. In addition, five treatment groups were dosed by subcutaneous injection of either estradiol (1, 50, and 500 5g/kg body weight) or DES (2 and 20 5g/kg body weight). Dosing began on postnatal day (pnd) 21 and continued daily through pnd 23. Body weights were collected at study initiation (pnd 21) and at necropsy (pnd 24). Body weights were not different statistically between treatment groups at study initiation or at necropsy. Uterine wet weights and uterine weights relative to body weights were significantly increased (p<0.05) for estradiol at 50 and 500 5g/kg, DES at 2 and 200 5g/kg, and DES at 200 5g/kg (oral over vehicle control. The polystyrene extract had no effect on uterine wet weight or uterine weights relati [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 1998
116. Monitoring Endocrine Function in Males: Using Intra‐Atrial Cannulas to Monitor Plasma Hormonal Dynamics in Toxicology Experiments
- Author
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Fail, Patricia A. and Anderson, Stephanie A.
- Abstract
Monitoring Endocrine Function in Males: Using an Intra‐Atrial Cannula to Monitor Plasma Hormonal Dynamics in Toxicology Experiments (Patricia A. Fail and Stephanie A. Anderson, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina). Intra‐atrial cannulation provides assessment of endocrine change within animals. Protocols for permanent tethers used in short‐term 5‐ to 10‐day experiments and permanent vascular access used in long‐term (>10 days) experiments are presented. A protocol for blood processing is also included. Data from a longitudinal endocrine baseline assessment (LEBA) and an endocrine challenge test (ECT) a presented as well.
- Published
- 2002
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117. 769-6 Inhibitory Effect of Lovastatin on Human Coronary Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation
- Author
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Banka, Vidya S., Fail, Peter S., and Sharma, Vasundhra
- Abstract
Longterm administration of lipid lowering agents has been shown to cause regression of coronary atherosclerosis. To evaluate the mechanism of such regression, we studied the effect of Lovastatin (HMG coenzyme A reductase inhibitor) on the smooth muscle cells cultured from atherosclerotic plaque obtained from 5 human coronary arteries undergoing directional coronary atherectomy for de novo lesions. Arterial smooth muscle cell lines were created by 3–5 passages. These cells were then placed at a density of 3000 cells/ml in M-199 medium with 10% fetal bovine serum. They were exposed to Lovastatin at varying concentrations between 10-9to 10-4M. The coronary arterial smooth muscle cells were inhibited in a dose dependent manner. The table below shows the actual cell counts at various concentrations of Lovastatin in the 5 patients.
- Published
- 1995
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118. Reproductive Toxicity of Boric Acid in Swiss (CD-1) Mice: Assessment Using the Continuous Breeding Protocol
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FAIL, PATRICIA A., GEORGE, JULIA D., SEELY, JOHN CURTIS, GRIZZLE, THOMAS B., and HEINDEL, JERROLD J.
- Abstract
Reproductive Toxicity of Boric Acid in Swiss (CD-1) Mice: Assessment Using the Continuous Breeding Protocol. FAIL P. A., GEORGE, J. D., SEELY, J. C., GRLZZLE T. B., AND HEINDEL J. J. (1991). Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 17, 225–239. The potential reproductive toxicity of boric acid (BORA) in CD-1 mice (Swiss) was evaluated using the Reproductive Assessment by Continuous Breeding (RACB) Protocol. BORA was administered in the feed for 27 week to male and female Swiss (CD-1) mice at concentrations of 0, 1000, 4500, or 9000 ppm. Estimated doses. based on feed consumption and body weight, averaged 152, 636, and 1262 mg/kg body wt during Week 1 for males for 1000, 4500, and 9000 ppm, respectively. During 14 weeks of cohabitation, fertility of F
0 mice was partially reduced at 4500 ppm and totally eliminated at 9000 ppm. No litters, dead or alive, were produced by 9000 ppm cohabited pairs. Among the litters born at 4500 ppm, live litter size and body weight were significantly reduced. A crossover mating trial of control and 4500 ppm groups confirmed the male as the affected sex, with fertility rates and the mating Index significantly lower in the 4500 male � 0 ppm female group. At nmopsy, after 27 weeks of BORA exposure, dose-related changes were present in F0 males for reduced body and reproductive organ weights, increased incidence of abnormal sperm, decreased sperm concentration and motility, and seminiferous tubule degeneration. In the 4500 ppm females, dietary BORA for 27 weeks caused significantly decreased weights of kidney/adrenals and livers; kidney/adrenal weight was also reduced In 4500 ppm males. The last litters of the control and 1000 ppm females, born in the 14-week breeding phase, were reared to 74 days of age and then mated in nonsibling pairs within treatment groups. These F1 mice had normal fertility, but the adjusted mean body weight of F2 pups was decreased. These data establish the reproductive toxicity of BORA in CD-1 mice and demonstrate that the male is the most sensitive sex.- Published
- 1991
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119. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia in Adults in the Northern Region of England - A Study of 75 Cases
- Author
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PROCTOR, S. J., TAYLOR, P., THOMPSON, R. B., FINNEY, R., REID, M. M., HAMILTON, P. J., SAUNDERS, P., FAIL, B., DICKINSON, A., PAUL, B., QURESHI, M., TINEGATE, H., LENNARD, A., STAINSBY, D., GOFF, D., KAY, L., CARTNER, R., MAMOOD, A., BIRD, T., CONDIE, P., COLLINS, A., ABELA, M., RENWICK, L., WALKER, W., and EVANS, R. G. B.
- Abstract
Over a ten-year period we have studied 75 cases of adult acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) Sixty of the cases were seen from 1979 to 1984 and represent an unselected series of all known cases in a region of 3 000 000 people. Study of these patients has given further insight into the heterogeneous, clinical and cytological nature of adult ALL. Three protocols have been used and results are presented indicating that conventional approaches to treatment in this disease are unsatisfactory. Not all patients could be entered on protocols but these patients are included to give the overall perspective of this disease in clinical practice. A new strategy is proposed which envisages abandoning traditional maintenance chemotherapy in favour of either allogeneic marrow transplant or autologous transplant in first remission in the post-consolidation phase. Preliminary results of this flexible approach are given. - Published
- 1985
120. Nitrofurazone: Reproductive Assessment by Continuous Breeding in Swiss Mice
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GEORGE, JULIA D., FAIL, PATRICIA A., GRIZZLE, THOMAS B., and HEINDEL, JERROLD J.
- Abstract
Nitrofurazone (NTFZ), a nitrofuran antibiotic, was evaluated for reproductive toxicity in Swiss CD-1 mice using the Reproductive Assessment by Continuous Breeding protocol. Male and female mice were cohabited for 15 weeks and exposed to NTFZ in feed at concentrations of 0, 100, 375, and 750 ppm (14–102 mg/kg/day). F
0 750-ppm breeding pairs had significantly reduced fertility after 7 days of exposure to NTFZ (17% fertile compared to 98% for control pairs) and were infertile after the second litter. F0 mid-dose pairs had progressively decreasing fertility (47% by the fifth litter), reduced litter size, and reduced proportion of pups born alive. Crossover breeding of control and high-dose F0 animals confirmed infertility in high-dose males and reduced litter size and pup weight in high-dose females when compared to the control×control group. At necropsy, there were no effects on body weight, but F0 males had reduced testis weight at the high dose and reduced epididymal sperm concentration and abnormal sperm morphology at all doses of NTFZ. Increased liver as well as kidney and adrenal weights (combined) were observed at 375 and 750 ppm; hepatic hypertrophy was noted microscopically at 750 ppm. F0 females had reduced body weight, hepatic hypertrophy, and altered estrous cycles at 750 ppm and reduced ovarian weight at all doses. In the second generation, F1 mice at 375 ppm had reduced postnatal survival and body weight and produced smaller F2 litters compared to control mice. At necropsy, F1 males had reduced testes weight and epididymal sperm concentration, abnormal sperm morphology, hepatic hypertrophy at 375 ppm, and borderline nephropathy at 100 and 375 ppm. F1 females had decreased body, liver, and ovarian weight at 375 ppm and altered estrous cycles at 100 and 375 ppm. Thus, NTFZ at ≥100 ppm (≥ 14 mg/kg/day) caused adverse reproductive effects in F0 male and female and F1 female mice in the presence of relatively mild systemic toxicity.- Published
- 1996
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121. ChemInform Abstract: Crystal and Molecular Structures of Phenols with only Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding.
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PROUT, K., FAIL, J., JONES, R. M., WARNER, R. E., and EMMETT, J. C.
- Published
- 1988
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122. Proposed AIDS Quarantine Stirs Controversy.
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Fail, John A.
- Abstract
Reports on the controversy that erupted between states' gays and AIDS-related organizations after an AIDS quarantine regulation was proposed by the Texas Board of Health as of January 20, 1986. Action taken by Ron Anderson, chairman of the State's Board of Health in this regard; Classification of quarantine by Anderson; Description of medical isolation and classical quarantine; Demonstrations made by gay groups against the enactment.
- Published
- 1986
123. AIDS Group Supports Alternate Test Sites.
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Fail, John A.
- Abstract
Reports on the support rendered by Dayton AIDS Task Force in Ohio towards an alternative HTLV-III antibody test site as of January 20, 1986. Dispute among scientists over issues related to alternate test sites for HTLV-III viruses; Information on the meeting between Ohio Department of Health officials and state gay health professionals and leaders held on November 15-17, 1985 in Cleveland, Ohio; Statement made by Ron Rucker, the Coordinator of Cincinnati's alternative test site regarding presence of AIDS among gays; Clarification given by various AIDS activists about peoples' aversion to taking the test.
- Published
- 1986
124. Christopher Isherwood 1904-1986.
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Meria, Patrick and Fail, John A.
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Presents an obituary for gay novelist Christopher Isherwood, who died on January 4, 1986 at his residence in Santa Monica, California. Career profile of Isherwood; Information regarding his citizenship; Description of awards, achievement and books written by him.
- Published
- 1986
125. Computer Raises Falwell's Phone Bill.
- Author
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Fail, John A.
- Abstract
Reports that Jerry Falwell, the U.S. Fundamentalist Baptist Minister, plans to sue computer systems analyst Edward Johnson for some alleged manipulations in his home computer that caused an increase in his telephone bills in Lynchburg, Virginia as of January 20, 1986.
- Published
- 1986
126. Public School Calender Cites Gay Culture.
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Fail, John A.
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Reports on the depiction of gay and lesbian cultural history in the 1986 calendar produced by Galileo High School in San Francisco, California.
- Published
- 1986
127. Gay Chorus Sings Bias Blues.
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Fail, John A.
- Abstract
Reports on a lawsuit filed by the Civil Liberties Union of Northern California charging the American Choral Directors Association, a gay musical group, for violating the State's civil rights law in San Francisco, California as of December 31, 1985.
- Published
- 1986
128. Gay/Lesbian Library Will Open in Midwest.
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Fail, John A.
- Abstract
Reports on the opening of a library by Quatrefoil Library Inc. for gay and lesbian communities in Minneapolis, Minnesota as of January 20, 1986.
- Published
- 1986
129. Gay Doctor Suspended For Being Blackmailed.
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Fail, John A.
- Abstract
Reports that the State Board of Medical Licensure has suspended gay dermatologist Roy Kinder's license, on the basis of self-blackmail charges against him, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania as of January 20, 1986.
- Published
- 1986
130. Gay Activist Fired By Arthritis Foundation.
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Fail, John A.
- Abstract
Reports that Russell Gray, a gay activist and board member of the National Gay Task Force in the U.S. has been fired from his job at the Arthritis Foundation in New Mexico as of October 14, 1985.
- Published
- 1986
131. Gallup Poll Says AIDS Negatively Affects Public's Opinion of Gays.
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Fail, John A.
- Abstract
Reports on results of an opinion poll conducted by Gallup Poll Ltd., which states that AIDS has adversely affected public opinion of homosexuality in the U.S. as of November 1985.
- Published
- 1986
132. Governor Bans Some Anti-Gay Bias.
- Author
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Fail, John A.
- Abstract
Reports that Governor Booth Gardner has issued an executive order to ban anti-gay bias in Spokane, Washington as of January 20, 1986.
- Published
- 1986
133. Corporations Finance AIDS Education For Employee.
- Author
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Fail, John A.
- Abstract
Reports that San Francisco AIDS Foundation, a city-based social cause organization in California, has raised funds through various corporate sponsorship for its educational program AIDS at workplace, as of January 20, 1986.
- Published
- 1986
134. Anti-Gay Human Rights Nominee Hearings Near.
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Fail, John A.
- Abstract
Reports on an anti-gay State Senate hearing, about an appointment made by Governor John Ashcroft in Jefferson City, Missouri as of January 20, 1986.
- Published
- 1986
135. Study Indicates HTLV-III Rarely Found in Saliva.
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Fail, John A.
- Abstract
Cites a study on HIV virus by researcher David D. Ho of Massachusetts, published in the December 19, 2002 issue of the 'New England Journal of Medicine,' stating that the AIDS virus is comparatively less found in saliva than in human blood.
- Published
- 1986
136. Clinical outcomes of TAVI or SAVR in men and women with aortic stenosis at intermediate operative risk: a post hoc analysis of the randomised SURTAVI trial.
- Author
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Van Mieghem NM, Reardon MJ, Yakubov SJ, Heiser J, Merhi W, Windecker S, Makkar RR, Cheng W, Robbins M, Fail P, Feinberg E 2nd, Stoler RC, Hebeler R, Serruys PW, and Popma JJ
- Subjects
- Aortic Valve diagnostic imaging, Aortic Valve surgery, Female, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, Treatment Outcome, Aortic Valve Stenosis surgery, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation, Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement adverse effects
- Abstract
Aims: In patients with aortic stenosis randomised to transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), sex-specific differences in complication rates are unclear in intermediate-risk patients. The purpose of this analysis was to identify sex-specific differences in outcome for patients at intermediate surgical risk randomised to TAVI or SAVR in the international Surgical Replacement and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (SURTAVI) trial., Methods and Results: A total of 1,660 intermediate-risk patients underwent TAVI with a supra-annular, self-expanding bioprosthesis or SAVR. The population was stratified by sex and treatment modality (female TAVI=366, male TAVI=498, female SAVR=358, male SAVR=438). The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause mortality or disabling stroke at two years. Compared to males, females had a smaller body surface area, a higher Society of Thoracic Surgeons score (4.7±1.6% vs 4.3±1.6%, p<0.01) and were more frail. Men required more concomitant revascularisation (23% vs 16%). All-cause mortality or disabling stroke at two years was similar between TAVI and SAVR for females (10.2% vs 10.5%, p=0.90) and males (14.5% vs 14.4%, p=0.99); the difference between females and males was 10.2% vs 14.5%, for TAVI (p=0.08) and 10.5% vs 14.4%, SAVR (p=0.13). Functional status improvement was more pronounced after TAVI in females than in males., Conclusions: Aortic valve replacement, either by surgical or transcatheter approach, appears similarly effective and safe for males and females at intermediate surgical risk. Functional status appears to improve most in females after TAVI., Clinical Trial Registration: http://clinicaltrials.gov NCT01586910.
- Published
- 2020
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137. Randomized Comparison of Percutaneous Repair and Surgery for Mitral Regurgitation: 5-Year Results of EVEREST II.
- Author
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Feldman T, Kar S, Elmariah S, Smart SC, Trento A, Siegel RJ, Apruzzese P, Fail P, Rinaldi MJ, Smalling RW, Hermiller JB, Heimansohn D, Gray WA, Grayburn PA, Mack MJ, Lim DS, Ailawadi G, Herrmann HC, Acker MA, Silvestry FE, Foster E, Wang A, Glower DD, and Mauri L
- Subjects
- Aged, Echocardiography, Transesophageal, Female, Fluoroscopy, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mitral Valve Insufficiency diagnosis, Mitral Valve Insufficiency mortality, Prospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Survival Rate trends, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, United States epidemiology, Cardiac Catheterization methods, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation methods, Mitral Valve surgery, Mitral Valve Insufficiency surgery, Surgery, Computer-Assisted methods
- Abstract
Background: In EVEREST II (Endovascular Valve Edge-to-Edge Repair Study), treatment of mitral regurgitation (MR) with a novel percutaneous device showed superior safety compared with surgery, but less effective reduction in MR at 1 year., Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the final 5-year clinical outcomes and durability of percutaneous mitral valve (MV) repair with the MitraClip device compared with conventional MV surgery., Methods: Patients with grade 3+ or 4+ MR were randomly assigned to percutaneous repair with the device or conventional MV surgery in a 2:1 ratio (178:80). Patients prospectively consented to 5 years of follow-up., Results: At 5 years, the rate of the composite endpoint of freedom from death, surgery, or 3+ or 4+ MR in the as-treated population was 44.2% versus 64.3% in the percutaneous repair and surgical groups, respectively (p = 0.01). The difference was driven by increased rates of 3+ to 4+ MR (12.3% vs. 1.8%; p = 0.02) and surgery (27.9% vs. 8.9%; p = 0.003) with percutaneous repair. After percutaneous repair, 78% of surgeries occurred within the first 6 months. Beyond 6 months, rates of surgery and moderate-to-severe MR were comparable between groups. Five-year mortality rates were 20.8% and 26.8% (p = 0.4) for percutaneous repair and surgery, respectively. In multivariable analysis, treatment strategy was not associated with survival., Conclusions: Patients treated with percutaneous repair more commonly required surgery for residual MR during the first year after treatment, but between 1- and 5-year follow-up, comparably low rates of surgery for MV dysfunction with either percutaneous or surgical therapy endorse the durability of MR reduction with both repair techniques. (EVEREST II Pivotal Study High Risk Registry; NCT00209274)., (Copyright © 2015 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
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138. Prevalence and echocardiographic features of iatrogenic atrial septal defect after catheter-based mitral valve repair with the MitraClip system.
- Author
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Smith T, McGinty P, Bommer W, Low RI, Lim S, Fail P, and Rogers JH
- Subjects
- Atrial Septum diagnostic imaging, Atrial Septum injuries, Echocardiography, Doppler, Echocardiography, Doppler, Color, Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional, Heart Injuries physiopathology, Hemodynamics, Humans, Mitral Valve Insufficiency physiopathology, Predictive Value of Tests, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Cardiac Catheterization adverse effects, Cardiac Catheterization instrumentation, Catheters, Echocardiography, Heart Injuries diagnostic imaging, Heart Injuries epidemiology, Iatrogenic Disease, Mitral Valve Insufficiency therapy
- Abstract
Objectives: Review the prevalence, echocardiographic features and potential predictors of iatrogenic ASD (iASD) created with the MitraClip guiding catheter., Background: Catheter-based repair of mitral regurgitation (MR) with the MitraClip device (Abbott Vascular, Menlo Park, CA), is performed through a 22-French transseptal guiding catheter. The echocardiographic prevalence of iASDs after the MitraClip procedure has not been reported., Methods: Thirty subjects undergoing MitraClip repair during the roll-in phase of the EVEREST II randomized trial who had baseline, 30 day, 6 and 12 month transthoracic echocardiograms (TTEs) available for review were included. Patients who underwent surgery for MR within the first 12 months were excluded. Residual iASD size, right ventricular (RV) size, left atrial (LA) volume, and tricuspid/MR grade were quantified., Results: iASDs were found at 12 months in 8 patients (27%) with a mean diameter of 6.6 ± 3.1 mm. Subjects with iASD at 12 months had more residual MR, increased TR and a trend toward larger LA volumes than non-iASD patients. 83% of non-ASD patients were free from MR > 2+ at 12 mos. vs. 38% of those with iASD (p=0.016). There were no other significant associations between clinical and echocardiographic variables and the persistence of iASD., Conclusions: After MitraClip repair, persistent iASDs occur at a rate comparable to reports after other transseptal interventional procedures and do not appear hemodynamically significant. Patients with persistent iASDs had less MR reduction at 12-months and a trend toward larger LA volumes, suggesting that increased LA pressure may be a mechanism for persistent iASD., (Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
- Published
- 2012
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139. The acute hemodynamic effects of MitraClip therapy.
- Author
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Siegel RJ, Biner S, Rafique AM, Rinaldi M, Lim S, Fail P, Hermiller J, Smalling R, Whitlow PL, Herrmann HC, Foster E, Feldman T, Glower D, and Kar S
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cardiac Catheterization methods, Cohort Studies, Feasibility Studies, Female, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation methods, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mitral Valve Insufficiency physiopathology, Surgical Instruments, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Cardiac Catheterization instrumentation, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation instrumentation, Hemodynamics physiology, Mitral Valve Insufficiency surgery
- Abstract
Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the acute hemodynamic consequences of mitral valve (MV) repair with the MitraClip device (Abbott Vascular, Menlo Park, California)., Background: Whether surgical correction of mitral regurgitation (MR) results in a low cardiac output (CO) state because of an acute increase in afterload remains controversial. The acute hemodynamic consequences of MR reduction with the MitraClip device have not been studied., Methods: We evaluated 107 patients with cardiac catheterization before and immediately following percutaneous MV repair with the MitraClip device. In addition, pre- and post-procedural hemodynamic parameters were studied by transthoracic echocardiography., Results: MitraClip treatment was attempted in 107 patients, and in 96 (90%) patients, a MitraClip was deployed. Successful MitraClip treatment resulted in: 1) an increase in CO from 5.0 ± 2.0 l/min to 5.7 ± 1.9 l/min (p = 0.003); 2) an increase in forward stroke volume (FSV) from 57 ± 17 ml to 65 ± 18 ml (p < 0.001); and 3) a decrease in systemic vascular resistance from 1,226 ± 481 dyn·s/cm(5) to 1,004 ± 442 dyn·s/cm(5) (p < 0.001). In addition, there was left ventricular (LV) unloading manifested by a decrease in LV end-diastolic pressure from 11.4 ± 9.0 mm Hg to 8.8 ± 5.8 mm Hg (p = 0.016) and a decrease in LV end-diastolic volume from 172 ± 37 ml to 158 ± 38 ml (p < 0.001). None of the patients developed acute post-procedural low CO state., Conclusions: Successful MV repair with the MitraClip system results in an immediate and significant improvement in FSV, CO, and LV loading conditions. There was no evidence of a low CO state following MitraClip treatment for MR. These favorable hemodynamic effects with the MitraClip appear to reduce the risk of developing a low CO state, a complication occasionally observed after surgical MV repair for severe MR., (Copyright © 2011 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
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140. An alternative interpretation of, "A lifetime cancer bioassay of quinacrine administered into the uterine horns of female rats".
- Author
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McConnell EE, Lippes J, Growe RG, Fail P, Luster MI, and Zeiger E
- Subjects
- Animals, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Uterine Neoplasms pathology, Uterus pathology, Longevity, Quinacrine administration & dosage, Quinacrine toxicity, Uterine Neoplasms chemically induced, Uterus drug effects
- Abstract
This companion article offers an alternative interpretation for the quinacrine-induced uterine tumors observed in a 2-year bioassay in rats (CaBio, Cancel et al., 2010), and provides additional data from two new experiments that support a different interpretation and analysis. Our major premise is that the design of the Cancel et al. bioassay was flawed, particularly regarding dose selection that allowed for misinterpretation of carcinogenic activity. We feel the totality of the information provided herein dictates that the doses (70/70, 70/250 and 70/350 mg/kg quinacrine) causing uterine tumors in their study clearly exceeded the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) typically administered in chronic cancer studies. Our new data support this conclusion and serve to explain the development of lesions, especially the uterine tumors, they have reported. We argue that the rat uterus is not a valid surrogate for the human fallopian tube. Further, we maintain that quinacrine is not genotoxic in vivo, as suggested in their paper. In summary, we believe that quinacrine is not carcinogenic in rats at doses that do not exceed the MTD., ((c) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2010
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141. Percutaneous mitral repair with the MitraClip system: safety and midterm durability in the initial EVEREST (Endovascular Valve Edge-to-Edge REpair Study) cohort.
- Author
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Feldman T, Kar S, Rinaldi M, Fail P, Hermiller J, Smalling R, Whitlow PL, Gray W, Low R, Herrmann HC, Lim S, Foster E, and Glower D
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cardiac Catheterization, Cardiac Surgical Procedures instrumentation, Feasibility Studies, Humans, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Middle Aged, Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures, Mitral Valve Insufficiency mortality, Prospective Studies, Suture Techniques, Treatment Outcome, Cardiac Surgical Procedures methods, Mitral Valve surgery, Mitral Valve Insufficiency surgery
- Abstract
Objectives: We undertook a prospective multicenter single-arm study to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the MitraClip system (Evalve Inc., Menlo Park, California)., Background: Mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation (MR) has been performed by the use of a surgically created double orifice. Percutaneous repair based on this surgical approach has been developed by use of the Evalve MitraClip device to secure the mitral leaflets., Methods: Patients with 3 to 4+ MR were selected in accordance with the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology guidelines for intervention and a core echocardiographic laboratory., Results: A total of 107 patients were treated. Ten (9%) had a major adverse event, including 1 nonprocedural death. Freedom from clip embolization was 100%. Partial clip detachment occurred in 10 (9%) patients. Overall, 79 of 107 (74%) patients achieved acute procedural success, and 51 (64%) were discharged with MR of < or =1+. Thirty-two patients (30%) had mitral valve surgery during the 3.2 years after clip procedures. When repair was planned, 84% (21 of 25) were successful. Thus, surgical options were preserved. A total of 50 of 76 (66%) successfully treated patients were free from death, mitral valve surgery, or MR >2+ at 12 months (primary efficacy end point). Kaplan-Meier freedom from death was 95.9%, 94.0%, and 90.1%, and Kaplan-Meier freedom from surgery was 88.5%, 83.2%, and 76.3% at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. The 23 patients with functional MR had similar acute results and durability., Conclusions: Percutaneous repair with the MitraClip system can be accomplished with low rates of morbidity and mortality and with acute MR reduction to < 2+ in the majority of patients, and with sustained freedom from death, surgery, or recurrent MR in a substantial proportion (EVEREST I; NCT00209339. EVEREST II; NCT00209274).
- Published
- 2009
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142. Effect of percutaneous mitral repair with the MitraClip device on mitral valve area and gradient.
- Author
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Herrmann HC, Kar S, Siegel R, Fail P, Loghin C, Lim S, Hahn R, Rogers JH, Bommer WJ, Wang A, Berke A, Lerakis S, Kramer P, Wong SC, Foster E, Glower D, and Feldman T
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cardiac Catheterization adverse effects, Echocardiography, Doppler, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mitral Valve Insufficiency diagnostic imaging, Registries, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Ventricular Outflow Obstruction etiology, Cardiac Catheterization instrumentation, Mitral Valve Insufficiency therapy, Surgical Instruments
- Abstract
Aims: Percutaneous repair of mitral regurgitation (MR) by leaflet apposition using a clip deployed via transseptal catheterisation is undergoing evaluation., Methods and Results: In order to detect the potential for clinically significant left ventricular inflow obstruction after percutaneous repair, we measured mitral valve area (MVA) and mean transmitral gradient (MVG) echocardiographically in 96 patients implanted with a clip followed for up to 24 months. By planimetry, the mean MVA decreased from 6.0 +/- 1.3 cm2 to 3.6 +/- 1.2 cm2 (p < 0.05) (range 1.9 to 7.6 cm2) after clip placement, and remained unchanged after 24 months of follow-up (3.5 +/- 0.8 cm2). The mean MVG increased after clip placement from 1.7 +/- 0.9 mmHg to 4.1 +/- 2.2 mmHg (p < 0.05), and did not increase further to 24 months (3.8 +/- 1.9 mmHg). There were no differences in MVA or MVG between patients who received 1-clip (69%) and those receiving 2-clips (31%). Patients with functional MR (23%) had a slightly smaller MVA, both at baseline and after clip placement, but did not differ from degenerative MR patients at later follow-up. After 2 years of follow-up, no patient required surgery for LV inflow obstruction., Conclusions: Mitral repair with the MitraClip device for MR decreases MVA without significant mitral obstruction. After 2 years of follow-up, no patient required surgery for LV inflow obstruction, and these results were not influenced by the use of more than 1 clip or the aetiology of MR.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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143. Safety and efficacy of staple-mediated femoral arteriotomy closure: results from a randomized multicenter study.
- Author
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Ansel G, Yakubov S, Neilsen C, Allie D, Stoler R, Hall P, Fail P, Sanborn T, and Caputo RP
- Subjects
- Aged, Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary, Equipment Design, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Treatment Outcome, Catheterization, Peripheral, Femoral Artery surgery, Hemostasis, Surgical instrumentation, Surgical Staplers, Surgical Stapling adverse effects
- Abstract
Background: Mechanical closure of percutaneous femoral arteriotomies following catheter based procedures remains problematic., Methods: The EVS closure device is the first to utilize a staple to effect arteriotomy closure and was compared to manual compression following sheath removal in a 362 patient randomized (2:1 to device) multicenter trial. As pre-specified, one half of the patients underwent coronary intervention., Results: Time to hemostasis was significantly reduced in the EVS group for both diagnostic (3.3 +/- 2.6 vs. 19.3 +/- 5.7 minutes; p < 0.001) and interventional procedures (5.5 +/- 5.1 vs. 22.3 +/- 9.9 minutes; p < 0.0001). Time to ambulation was similarly reduced in the EVS group following diagnostic (2.4 +/- 3.3 vs. 6.0 +/- 5.2 hours; p < 0.001) and interventional procedures (3.4 +/- 4.5 vs. 7.6 +/- 7.0 hours; p < 0.001). The incidence of major complications was similar between the EVS and manual compression groups at discharge (0.4% vs. 1.7%; p = NS) and at 30 day follow-up (0.4% vs. 2.5%; p = NS)., Conclusion: Compared to manual compression, the EVS device provides a safe and effective method of femoral artery closure.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
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144. 28-day toxicology test: indenopyridine RTI 4587-056 in male Sprague-Dawley rats.
- Author
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Fail PA, Anderson SA, and Cook CE
- Subjects
- Animals, Body Weight drug effects, Bone Marrow Cells drug effects, Bone Marrow Cells pathology, Cell Count, Clinical Chemistry Tests, Drinking drug effects, Eating drug effects, Hematologic Tests, Intestines drug effects, Intestines pathology, Male, Organ Size drug effects, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Seminiferous Epithelium drug effects, Seminiferous Epithelium pathology, Sleep Stages drug effects, Testis drug effects, Testis pathology, Toxicity Tests, Contraceptive Agents, Male toxicity, Pyridines toxicity
- Abstract
The potential toxicity of RTI 4587-056, a hexahydroindenopyridine analog of SANDOZ 20-438, was examined in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Testicular, intestinal, and erythropoietic histology was assessed after 28 days of gavage treatment at 0, 10, and 100 mg/kg/day. During the first 10 days, dose-related clinical signs included mild to moderate lethargy shortly after dosing, lower consumption of feed and water, and body weight loss or decreased weight gain. Tolerance developed, such that lethargy disappeared and weight gains were equivalent to the control group during the second through fourth weeks. The compound did not affect intestinal epithelium or bone marrow. RTI 4587-056 was a highly effective antispermatogenic agent at both doses causing epididymal hypospermia and testicular atrophy. Based upon the Spermatogenic Index ratings, still lower doses would be effective male contraceptive agents. RTI 4587-056 has potential as a male contraceptive without overt side effects. Further testing is required.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
145. Formamide and dimethylformamide: reproductive assessment by continuous breeding in mice.
- Author
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Fail PA, George JD, Grizzle TB, and Heindel JJ
- Subjects
- Animals, Body Weight drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Estrus drug effects, Female, Lactation drug effects, Male, Mice, Organ Size drug effects, Risk Assessment, Survival Rate, Breeding, Dimethylformamide toxicity, Fertility drug effects, Formamides toxicity, Reproduction drug effects
- Abstract
Reproductive toxicity in Swiss mice, during chronic exposure to formamide (FORM) or dimethylformamide (DMF), was evaluated using the Reproductive Assessment by Continuous Breeding Protocols. FORM administered in drinking water at 0, 100, 350, and 750 ppm (approximately 20 to 200 mg/kg/d) reduced fertility and litter size in F0 animals without generalized toxicity at 750 ppm FORM. Crossover matings suggested that females were the affected sex. After F1 mating, FORM reduced F2 litter size, increased days to litter, reduced relative ovarian weight, and lengthened estrous cycles at 750 ppm. The No-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Level for generalized toxicity was 750 ppm for the F0 and 350 ppm for the F1 generation. Reproductive performance was normal at 350 ppm for both F0 and F1 mice. Chronic exposure to DMF in drinking water at 0, 1000, 4000, and 7000 ppm (approximately 200 to 1300 mg/kg/d) reduced fertility by the first litter at 4000 ppm, reduced body weight in F0 females at 7000 ppm, and increased liver weights at all doses in both sexes. A crossover mating at 7000 ppm identified F0 females as the affected sex. F1 postnatal survival was reduced at > or =4000 ppm DMF. F1 mating reduced F2 litter size and live pup weight at > or =1000 ppm. At necropsy, body weight of F1 males and females was reduced at > or =4000 ppm. DMF-treated pups (both F1 and F2) and F1 adults had cranial and sternebral skeletal malformations. Only DMF caused overt developmental toxicity. A No-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Level for DMF was not established.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
146. Assessment of polystyrene extract for estrogenic activity in the rat uterotrophic model and an in vitro recombinant receptor reporter gene assay.
- Author
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Fail PA, Hines JW, Zacharewski T, Wu ZF, and Borodinsky L
- Subjects
- Animals, Cells, Cultured, DNA, Recombinant, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Food Packaging, In Vitro Techniques, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Recombinant Proteins, Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, Estrogens pharmacology, Food Contamination, Polystyrenes chemistry, Uterus drug effects
- Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine whether polystyrene used in food-contact applications would elicit an estrogenic response when extracts simulating exaggerated conditions of use were subjected to in vivo and in vitro tests. A sample of polystyrene was subjected to extraction conditions that simulate, or exaggerate, the actual food-contact uses of polystyrene to maximize the amount of low molecular weight polystyrene extractables. The food-simulating solvent and the time and temperature conditions recommended by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) were selected to maximize the level of extractable components from polystyrene. The extract was examined for its estrogenic response in vivo using the immature rat uterotrophic assay and in vitro using an estrogen receptor (ER)-mediated recombinant receptor reporter gene assay. In vivo, the uterine weights of juvenile female Sprague Dawley rats (10 rats/group) were determined after oral gavage exposure to the extract (two dosage levels: one represents the maximum potential daily human exposure to polystyrene extractables and the other represents one-tenth of the maximum exposure level), vehicle control (sesame oil), or positive control [diethylstilbestrol (DES), at 200 micrograms/kg body weight]. In addition, five treatment groups were dosed by subcutaneous injection of either estradiol (1, 50, and 500 micrograms/kg body weight) or DES (2 and 200 micrograms/kg body weight). Dosing began on postnatal day (pnd) 21 and continued daily through pnd 23. Body weights were collected at study initiation (pnd 21) and at necropsy (pnd 24). Body weights were not different statistically between treatment groups at study initiation or at necropsy. Uterine wet weights and uterine weights relative to body weights were significantly increased (p < 0.05) for estradiol at 50 and 500 micrograms/kg, DES at 2 and 200 micrograms/kg, and DES at 200 micrograms/kg (oral) over vehicle control. The polystyrene extract had no effect on uterine wet weight or uterine weights relative to body weights at either level tested. An in vitro recombinant estrogen receptor/reporter gene assay that involved transiently transfecting MCF-7 human breast cancer cells with the chimeric human ER, Ga14-HEGO, consisting of the yeast Ga14 DNA binding domain linked to the ligand binding domain of the human ER and a Ga14 response element (17mer)-regulated reporter gene (17m5-G-Luc) was employed. Dose-dependent induction of the reporter gene, 17m5-G-Luc, was observed with the positive control, 17 beta-estradiol (E2). Induction of greater than 100-fold was obtained following incubation of transfected MCF-7 cells with 10 nM E2 for 24 hours. No induction of reporter gene activity was observed with the polystyrene extracts dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (0.01, 0.1 or 0.01 mg/ml) using the same assay conditions. These results indicate that polystyrene extract does not elicit ER-mediated activity using the Ga14-HEGO/17m5-G-Luc recombinant receptor/reporter gene assay. In conclusion, extracts from polystyrene produced no estrogenic response in either the rat uterotrophic assay or the MCF-7 cell assay for estrogen receptor-mediated activity.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
147. General, reproductive, developmental, and endocrine toxicity of boronated compounds.
- Author
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Fail PA, Chapin RE, Price CJ, and Heindel JJ
- Subjects
- Animals, Female, Humans, Male, Mice, Pregnancy, Abnormalities, Drug-Induced etiology, Boron Compounds toxicity, Endocrine System Diseases chemically induced, Reproduction drug effects
- Abstract
Boric acid and inorganic borates are abundant in nature. They are widely used in industrial, agricultural, cosmetic, and numerous smaller applications. These compounds are toxic to all species tested at high doses, but they are not carcinogenic or mutagenic. The major toxicities are reproductive and developmental. Testicular effects occurred at approximately 26 mg boron equivalents/kg body weight (bw)/d (26 mg boron equivalent (BE)/kg bw/d). New data on endocrine toxicity includes altered follicle stimulating hormone and testosterone within 14 d of treatment. Because these hormonal changes may be secondary effects of testicular toxicity, borates are not suspect as endocrine disrupters. The most sensitive of all the endpoints are prenatal growth and morphologic development in the rat; these changes occurred at a dose of 12.9 mg BE/kg bw/d. The no observed adverse effect level for rat fetal development was 9.6 mg/kg BE. Considering the estimated human exposure levels and a safety factor of 30, humans are not at significant risk of reproductive failure due to borates from environmental sources. The margin of exposure is estimated at 72 for males and 129 for females. Thus, the likelihood of human toxicity caused by boric acid and inorganic borates from exposure during normal activities is remote.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
148. Exceptionally potent antispermatogenic compounds from 8-halogenation of (4aRS,5SR,9bRS)-hexahydroindeno-[1,2-c]pyridines.
- Author
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Cook CE, Jump JM, Zhang P, Stephens JR, Lee YW, Fail PA, and Anderson SA
- Subjects
- Administration, Oral, Animals, Contraceptive Agents, Male chemistry, Contraceptive Agents, Male pharmacology, Fertility drug effects, Indenes chemistry, Indenes pharmacology, Male, Mice, Pyridines chemistry, Pyridines pharmacology, Stereoisomerism, Contraceptive Agents, Male chemical synthesis, Indenes chemical synthesis, Pyridines chemical synthesis, Spermatogenesis drug effects
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
149. Nitrofurazone: reproductive assessment by continuous breeding in Swiss mice.
- Author
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George JD, Fail PA, Grizzle TB, and Heindel JJ
- Subjects
- Animals, Anti-Infective Agents administration & dosage, Body Weight drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred ICR, Nitrofurazone administration & dosage, Organ Size drug effects, Pregnancy, Anti-Infective Agents toxicity, Fertility drug effects, Nitrofurazone toxicity
- Abstract
Nitrofurazone (NTFZ), a nitrofuran antibiotic, was evaluated for reproductive toxicity in Swiss CD-1 mice using the Reproductive Assessment by Continuous Breeding protocol. Male and female mice were cohabited for 15 weeks and exposed to NTFZ in feed at concentrations of 0, 100, 375, and 750 ppm (14-102 mg/kg/day). Fzero 750-ppm breeding pairs had significantly reduced fertility after 7 days of exposure to NTFZ (17% fertile compared to 98% for control pairs) and were infertile after the second litter. Fzero mid-dose pairs had progressively decreasing fertility (47% by the fifth litter), reduced litter size, and reduced proportion of pups born alive. Crossover breeding of control and high-dose Fzero animals confirmed infertility in high-dose males and reduced litter size and pup weight in high-dose females when compared to the control x control group. At necropsy, there were no effects on body weight, but Fzero males had reduced testis weight at the high dose and reduced epididymal sperm concentration and abnormal sperm morphology at all doses of NTFZ. Increased liver as well as kidney and adrenal weights (combined) were observed at 375 and 750 ppm; hepatic hypertrophy was noted microscopically at 750 ppm. Fzero females had reduced body weight, hepatic hypertrophy, and altered estrous cycles at 750 ppm and reduced ovarian weight at all doses. In the second generation, F1 mice at 375 ppm had reduced postnatal survival and body weight and produced smaller F2 litters compared to control mice. At necropsy, F1 males had reduced testes weight and epididymal sperm concentration, abnormal sperm morphology, hepatic hypertrophy at 375 ppm, and borderline nephropathy at 100 and 375 ppm. F1 females had decreased body, liver, and ovarian weight at 375 ppm and altered estrous cycles at 100 and 375 ppm. Thus, NTFZ at > or = 100 ppm (> or = 14 mg/kg/day) caused adverse reproductive effects in Fzero male and female and F1 female mice in the presence of relatively mild systemic toxicity.
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
150. Directional coronary atherectomy and progressive coronary dilatation: a comparative analysis of acute outcome.
- Author
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Jackson BD, Fail PS, Bassi A, and Banka VS
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Aged, Coronary Artery Disease surgery, Disease Progression, Female, Humans, Male, Matched-Pair Analysis, Middle Aged, Postoperative Complications, Sex Factors, Treatment Outcome, Angioplasty, Balloon, Atherectomy, Coronary, Coronary Artery Disease therapy
- Abstract
To evaluate the acute results and in-hospital complications of directional atherectomy (DCA) as compared to progressive coronary dilatation (PCD), we retrospectively analyzed the acute outcome of DCA with PCD in age-, sex-, vessel-, and lesion morphology-matched groups of patients during the same time span. There was a total of 73 matched patients (77 lesions) in each group. Angiographic success on the basis of intent to treat was 85% in the DCA cohort versus 97%. The preprocedural mean diameter stenosis was similar between the two groups (87% vs 84%; p = n.s.). The mean postprocedural stenosis was significantly lower with DCA than with PCD (11.2% vs 19.7%; p < or = 0.05). Complications including death, myocardial infarction, and need for emergency bypass surgery were not statistically different in either group. In conclusion, PCD offers an alternative method of coronary intervention in patients with "atherectomy anatomy" with a significantly higher success rate. It can also be used successfully when DCA fails or cannot be performed because of technical factors.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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