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101. Contribution of Genetic Background, Traditional Risk Factors, and HIV-Related Factors to Coronary Artery Disease Events in HIV-Positive Persons

Author

Rotger, M., Glass, T. R., Junier, T., Lundgren, J., Neaton, J. D., Poloni, E. S., Van 'T Wout, A. B., Lubomirov, R., Colombo, S., Martinez, R., Rauch, Andri, Gunthard, H. F., Neuhaus, J., Wentworth, D., Van Manen, D., Gras, L. A., Schuitemaker, H., Albini, L., Torti, C., Jacobson, L. P., Li, X., Kingsley, L. A., Carli, F., Guaraldi, G., Ford, E. S., Sereti, I., Hadigan, C., Martinez, E., Arnedo, M., Egana-Gorrono, L., Gatell, J. M., Law, M., Bendall, C., Petoumenos, K., Rockstroh, J., Wasmuth, J.-C., Kabamba, K., Delforge, M., De Wit, S., Berger, F., Mauss, S., De Paz Sierra, M., Losso, M., Belloso, W. H., Leyes, M., Campins, A., Mondi, A., De Luca, A., Bernardino, I., Barriuso-Iglesias, M., Torrecilla-Rodriguez, A., Gonzalez-Garcia, J., Arribas, J. R., Fanti, I., Gel, S., Puig, J., Negredo, E., Gutierrez, M., Domingo, P., Fischer, J., Fatkenheuer, G., Alonso-Villaverde, C., Macken, A., Woo, J., McGinty, T., Mallon, P., Mangili, A., Skinner, S., Wanke, C. A., Reiss, P., Weber, R., Bucher, H. C., Fellay, J., Telenti, A., and Tarr, P. E.

Subjects
610 Medicine & health, 3. Good health
Abstract

Background Persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have increased rates of coronary artery disease (CAD). The relative contribution of genetic background, HIV-related factors, antiretroviral medications, and traditional risk factors to CAD has not been fully evaluated in the setting of HIV infection. Methods In the general population, 23 common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were shown to be associated with CAD through genome-wide association analysis. Using the Metabochip, we genotyped 1875 HIV-positive, white individuals enrolled in 24 HIV observational studies, including 571 participants with a first CAD event during the 9-year study period and 1304 controls matched on sex and cohort. Results A genetic risk score built from 23 CAD-associated SNPs contributed significantly to CAD (P = 2.9×10−4). In the final multivariable model, participants with an unfavorable genetic background (top genetic score quartile) had a CAD odds ratio (OR) of 1.47 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–2.04). This effect was similar to hypertension (OR = 1.36; 95% CI, 1.06–1.73), hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.51; 95% CI, 1.16–1.96), diabetes (OR = 1.66; 95% CI, 1.10–2.49), ≥1 year lopinavir exposure (OR = 1.36; 95% CI, 1.06–1.73), and current abacavir treatment (OR = 1.56; 95% CI, 1.17–2.07). The effect of the genetic risk score was additive to the effect of nongenetic CAD risk factors, and did not change after adjustment for family history of CAD. Conclusions In the setting of HIV infection, the effect of an unfavorable genetic background was similar to traditional CAD risk factors and certain adverse antiretroviral exposures. Genetic testing may provide prognostic information complementary to family history of CAD.

102. Predictors of serofast state after treatment for early syphilis in HIV-infected patients

Author

Paul, G., Wesselmann, J., Adzic, D., Malin, J. J., Suarez, I, Priesner, V, Kummerle, T., Wyen, C., Jung, N., van Bremen, K., Schlabe, S., Wasmuth, J-C, Boesecke, C., Fatkenheuer, G., Rockstroh, J., Schwarze-Zander, C., Lehmann, C., Paul, G., Wesselmann, J., Adzic, D., Malin, J. J., Suarez, I, Priesner, V, Kummerle, T., Wyen, C., Jung, N., van Bremen, K., Schlabe, S., Wasmuth, J-C, Boesecke, C., Fatkenheuer, G., Rockstroh, J., Schwarze-Zander, C., and Lehmann, C.

Abstract

Objectives Non-treponemal serological tests are used to monitor treatment response during syphilis infection. Syphilis- and HIV-coinfected patients may experience incomplete resolution in non-treponemal titres, which is referred to as the serofast state. The goal of this study was to evaluate risk factors for serofast state in HIV-infected patients. Methods From November 2015 to June 2018, 1530 HIV-positive patients were tested for syphilis using a Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) assay. Among TPPA-positive patients, medical records were reviewed for early syphilis infection. Serofast state was defined as a less than four-fold decrease in non-treponemal antibody titres during a 6-month follow-up period in the absence of symptoms of syphilis. Baseline characteristics were tested as predictive factors of serological response. Results In all, 515 patients (33.7%) tested positive in TPPA assays, and in 163 patients at least one previous syphilis infection was documented. A total of 61 out of 163 patients (37.4%) were in a serofast state. A history of previous syphilis infection (61 vs. 43%; P = 0.04) was more common in serofast patients than in patients with serological cure after 6 months. Non-treponemal titres >= 1:32 before therapy (47 vs. 25%; P = 0.005) and adjunctive corticosteroids to prevent the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (35% vs 15%; P = 0.006) were associated with serological cure after 6 months, but corticosteroid therapy had no influence at 12 months. The intensity of syphilis treatment did not affect serological cure. Conclusion Corticosteroids for prevention of the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction were associated with earlier serological cure. Although serological response is the accredited surrogate method to monitor syphilis treatment, the biological significance of the serofast state remains unclear.

103. Predictors of serofast state after treatment for early syphilis in HIV-infected patients

Author

Paul, G., Wesselmann, J., Adzic, D., Malin, J. J., Suarez, I, Priesner, V, Kummerle, T., Wyen, C., Jung, N., van Bremen, K., Schlabe, S., Wasmuth, J-C, Boesecke, C., Fatkenheuer, G., Rockstroh, J., Schwarze-Zander, C., Lehmann, C., Paul, G., Wesselmann, J., Adzic, D., Malin, J. J., Suarez, I, Priesner, V, Kummerle, T., Wyen, C., Jung, N., van Bremen, K., Schlabe, S., Wasmuth, J-C, Boesecke, C., Fatkenheuer, G., Rockstroh, J., Schwarze-Zander, C., and Lehmann, C.

Abstract

Objectives Non-treponemal serological tests are used to monitor treatment response during syphilis infection. Syphilis- and HIV-coinfected patients may experience incomplete resolution in non-treponemal titres, which is referred to as the serofast state. The goal of this study was to evaluate risk factors for serofast state in HIV-infected patients. Methods From November 2015 to June 2018, 1530 HIV-positive patients were tested for syphilis using a Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) assay. Among TPPA-positive patients, medical records were reviewed for early syphilis infection. Serofast state was defined as a less than four-fold decrease in non-treponemal antibody titres during a 6-month follow-up period in the absence of symptoms of syphilis. Baseline characteristics were tested as predictive factors of serological response. Results In all, 515 patients (33.7%) tested positive in TPPA assays, and in 163 patients at least one previous syphilis infection was documented. A total of 61 out of 163 patients (37.4%) were in a serofast state. A history of previous syphilis infection (61 vs. 43%; P = 0.04) was more common in serofast patients than in patients with serological cure after 6 months. Non-treponemal titres >= 1:32 before therapy (47 vs. 25%; P = 0.005) and adjunctive corticosteroids to prevent the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (35% vs 15%; P = 0.006) were associated with serological cure after 6 months, but corticosteroid therapy had no influence at 12 months. The intensity of syphilis treatment did not affect serological cure. Conclusion Corticosteroids for prevention of the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction were associated with earlier serological cure. Although serological response is the accredited surrogate method to monitor syphilis treatment, the biological significance of the serofast state remains unclear.

104. Intracerebellar tuberculoma in a patient with AIDS

Author

Kochanek, M., Hartmann, P., Dolken, G., Diehl, V., and Fatkenheuer, G.

Subjects
Tuberculosis -- Case studies, Brain tumors -- Case studies
Abstract

"Intracerebellar Tuberculoma in a Patient with AIDS." M. Kochanek, P. Hartmann, G. Dolken, V. Diehl, G. Fatkenheuer. Department I of Internal Medicine, Department for Radiology, University Clinics of Cologne, Germany. [...]

Published
1997

105. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of microsporidian DNA in gastrointestinal biopsies of HIV infected patients

Author

Franzen, C., Muller, A., Hartmann, P., Hegener, P., Salzberger, B., Diehl, V., and Fatkenheuer, G.

Subjects
Gastrointestinal system, Polymerase chain reaction, Microsporidia -- Identification and classification, Superinfection -- Diagnosis
Abstract

According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 36th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, held September 15-18, 1996, in New Orleans, Louisiana, "INTRODUCTION: PCR has been [...]

Published
1996

106. Foscarnet and ganciclovir combination therapy for CMV-disease

Author

Salzberger, B., Schrappe, M., Mantovani, L., Hiersche, A., Schwenk, A., Fatkenheuer, G., and Diehl, V.

Subjects
Cytomegalovirus infections -- Drug therapy, Foscarnet -- Evaluation, Ganciclovir -- Evaluation, Drug therapy, Combination -- Evaluation
Abstract

AUTHORS: B. Salzberger, M. Schrappe, L. Mantovani, A. Hiersche, A. Schwenk, G. Fatkenheuer and V. Diehl. Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Cologne, Germany. According to an abstract submitted [...]

Published
1992

107. p-ANCA in HIV-infected patients - association with opportunistic diseases

Author

Cornely, O., Salzberger, B., Fatkenheuer, G., Klein, R., Berg, P., Diehl, V., and Schrappe, M.

Subjects
Opportunistic infections -- Physiological aspects, HIV infection -- Physiological aspects, Autoantibodies -- Physiological aspects
Abstract

AUTHORS: O. Cornely, B. Salzberger, G. Fatkenheuer, R. Klein, P. Berg, V. Diehl and M. Schrappe. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne; Department of Internal Medicine, Tubingen; Germany. According [...]

Published
1992

109. The association between hepatitis B virus infection and nonliver malignancies in persons living with HIV: results from the EuroSIDA study

Author

Mocroft, Amanda, Miro, Jose M., Wandeler, Gilles, Llibre, Josep M., Boyd, Anders, van Bremen, Kathrin, Beniowski, Marek, Mikhalik, Julia, Cavassini, Matthias, Maltez, Fernando, Duvivier, Claudine, Uberti Foppa, Caterina, Knysz, Brygida, Bakowska, Elzbieta, Kuzovatova, Elena, Domingo, Pere, Zagalo, Alexandra, Viard, Jean Paul, Degen, Olaf, Milinkovic, Ana, Benfield, Thomas, Peters, Lars, Harxhi, A., Losso, M., Kundro, M., Schmied, B., Zangerle, R., Karpov, I., Vassilenko, A., Mitsura, V. M., Paduto, D., Clumeck, N., De Wit, S., Delforge, M., Florence, E., Vandekerckhove, L., Hadziosmanovic, V., Begovac, J., Machala, L., Sedlacek, D., Kronborg, G., Gerstoft, J., Katzenstein, T., Pedersen, C., Johansen, I. S., Ostergaard, L., Wiese, L., Moller, N. F., Nielsen, L. N., Zilmer, K., Smidt, J., Aho, I., Lacombe, K., Pradier, C., Fontas, E., Rockstroh, J., Behrens, G., Hoffmann, C., Stellbrink, H. J., Stefan, C., Bogner, J., Fätkenheuer, G., Chkhartishvili, N., Sambatakou, H., Adamis, G., Paissios, N., Szlávik, J., Gottfredsson, M., Devitt, E., Tau, L., Turner, D., Burke, M., Shahar, E., Wattad, L. M., Elinav, H., Haouzi, M., Elbirt, D., D’Arminio Monforte, A., Esposito, R., Mazeu, I., Mussini, C., Mazzotta, F., Gabbuti, A., Lazzarin, A., Castagna, A., Gianotti, N., Galli, M., Ridolfo, A., Uzdaviniene, V., Matulionyte, R., Staub, T., Hemmer, R., Dragas, S., Stevanovic, M., vd Valk, M., Trajanovska, J., Reikvam, D. H., Maeland, A., Bruun, J., Szetela, B., Inglot, M., Flisiak, R., Grzeszczuk, A., Parczewski, M., Maciejewska, K., Aksak-Was, B., Mularska, E., Jablonowska, E., Kamerys, J., Wojcik, K., Mozer-Lisewska, I., Rozplochowski, B., Mansinho, K., Radoi, R., Oprea, C., Gusev, D., Trofimova, T., Khromova, I., Borodulina, E., Ranin, J., Tomazic, J., Miró, J. M., Laguno, M., Martinez, E., Garcia, F., Blanco, J. L., Martinez-Rebollar, M., Mallolas, J., Callau, P., Rojas, J., Inciarta, A., Moreno, S., del Campo, S., Clotet, B., Jou, A., Paredes, R., Puig, J., Santos, J. R., Gutierrez, M., Mateo, G., Sambeat, M. A., Laporte, J. M., Svedhem, V., Thalme, A., Sönnerborg, A., Brännström, J., Flamholc, L., Kusejko, K., Braun, D., Calmy, A., Furrer, H., Battegay, M., Schmid, P., Kuznetsova, A., Sluzhynska, M., Johnson, M. A., Simons, E., Edwards, S., Phillips, A., Orkin, C., Winston, A., Clarke, A., Leen, C., Lundgren, J., Rasmussen, L. D., Kowalska, J. D., Guaraldi, G., Larsen, J. F., Bojesen, A., Neesgaard, B., Jaschinski, N., Fursa, O., Sather, M., Raben, D., Hansen, E. V., Kristensen, D., Fischer, A. H., Jensen, S. K., Elsing, T. W., Reekie, J., Cozzi-Lepri, A., Amele, S., Pelchen-Matthews, A., Roen, A., Tusch, E. S., Bannister, W., Mocroft, A., Miro, J. M., Wandeler, G., Llibre, J. M., Boyd, A., van Bremen, K., Beniowski, M., Mikhalik, J., Cavassini, M., Maltez, F., Duvivier, C., Uberti Foppa, C., Knysz, B., Bakowska, E., Kuzovatova, E., Domingo, P., Zagalo, A., Viard, J. -P., Degen, O., Milinkovic, A., Benfield, T., Peters, L., Harxhi, A., Losso, M., Kundro, M., Schmied, B., Zangerle, R., Karpov, I., Vassilenko, A., Mitsura, V. M., Paduto, D., Clumeck, N., De Wit, S., Delforge, M., Florence, E., Vandekerckhove, L., Hadziosmanovic, V., Begovac, J., Machala, L., Sedlacek, D., Kronborg, G., Gerstoft, J., Katzenstein, T., Pedersen, C., Johansen, I. S., Ostergaard, L., Wiese, L., Moller, N. F., Nielsen, L. N., Zilmer, K., Smidt, J., Aho, I., Lacombe, K., Pradier, C., Fontas, E., Rockstroh, J., Behrens, G., Hoffmann, C., Stellbrink, H. J., Stefan, C., Bogner, J., Fatkenheuer, G., Chkhartishvili, N., Sambatakou, H., Adamis, G., Paissios, N., Szlavik, J., Gottfredsson, M., Devitt, E., Tau, L., Turner, D., Burke, M., Shahar, E., Wattad, L. M., Elinav, H., Haouzi, M., Elbirt, D., D'Arminio Monforte, A., Esposito, R., Mazeu, I., Mussini, C., Mazzotta, F., Gabbuti, A., Lazzarin, A., Castagna, A., Gianotti, N., Galli, M., Ridolfo, A., Uzdaviniene, V., Matulionyte, R., Staub, T., Hemmer, R., Dragas, S., Stevanovic, M., vd Valk, M., Trajanovska, J., Reikvam, D. H., Maeland, A., Bruun, J., Szetela, B., Inglot, M., Flisiak, R., Grzeszczuk, A., Parczewski, M., Maciejewska, K., Aksak-Was, B., Mularska, E., Jablonowska, E., Kamerys, J., Wojcik, K., Mozer-Lisewska, I., Rozplochowski, B., Mansinho, K., Radoi, R., Oprea, C., Gusev, D., Trofimova, T., Khromova, I., Borodulina, E., Ranin, J., Tomazic, J., Laguno, M., Martinez, E., Garcia, F., Blanco, J. L., Martinez-Rebollar, M., Mallolas, J., Callau, P., Rojas, J., Inciarta, A., Moreno, S., del Campo, S., Clotet, B., Jou, A., Paredes, R., Puig, J., Santos, J. R., Gutierrez, M., Mateo, G., Sambeat, M. A., Laporte, J. M., Svedhem, V., Thalme, A., Sonnerborg, A., Brannstrom, J., Flamholc, L., Kusejko, K., Braun, D., Calmy, A., Furrer, H., Battegay, M., Schmid, P., Kuznetsova, A., Sluzhynska, M., Johnson, A. M., Simons, E., Edwards, S., Phillips, A., Johnson, M. A., Orkin, C., Winston, A., Clarke, A., Leen, C., Lundgren, J., Rasmussen, L. D., Kowalska, J. D., Guaraldi, G., Larsen, J. F., Bojesen, A., Neesgaard, B., Jaschinski, N., Fursa, O., Sather, M., Raben, D., Hansen, E. V., Kristensen, D., Fischer, A. H., Jensen, S. K., Elsing, T. W., Reekie, J., Cozzi-Lepri, A., Amele, S., Pelchen-Matthews, A., Roen, A., Tusch, E. S., Bannister, W., and Infectious diseases

Subjects
Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, Health Policy, virus diseases, HIV Infections, Hepatitis B, digestive system diseases, HBV DNA, hepatitis B, nonliver cancer, Infectious Diseases, Hepatitis B, Chronic, Neoplasms, DNA, Viral, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), 610 Medicine & health
Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on non-liver malignancies in people living with HIV (PLWH). Methods: All persons aged ≥18 years with known hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) status after the latest of 1January 2001 and enrolment in the EuroSIDA cohort (baseline) were included in the study; persons were categorized as HBV positive or negative using the latest HBsAg test and followed to their first diagnosis of nonliver malignancy or their last visit. Results: Of 17485 PLWH included in the study, 1269 (7.2%) were HBV positive at baseline. During 151766 person-years of follow-up (PYFU), there were 1298 nonliver malignancies, 1199 in those currently HBV negative [incidence rate (IR)8.42/1000 PYFU; 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.94–8.90/1000 PYFU] and 99 in those HBV positive (IR10.54/1000 PYFU; 95% CI8.47–12.62/1000 PYFU). After adjustment for baseline confounders, there was a significantly increased incidence of nonliver malignancies in HBV-positive versus HBV-negative individuals [adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR)1.23; 95% CI 1.00–1.51]. Compared to HBV-negative individuals, HBsAg-positive/HBV-DNA-positive individuals had significantly increased incidences of nonliver malignancies (aIRR 1.37; 95% CI 1.00–1.89) and NHL (aIRR 2.57; 95% CI 1.16–5.68). There was no significant association between HBV and lung or anal cancer. Conclusions: We found increased rates of nonliver malignancies in HBsAg-positive participants, the increases being most pronounced in those who were HBV DNA positive and for NHL. If confirmed, these results may have implications for increased cancer screening in HIV-positive subjects with chronic HBV infection.

Published
2021
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110. Prognostic importance of initial response in HIV-1 infected patients starting potent antiretroviral therapy: analysis of prospective studies.

Author

Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Cohort Collaboration, Chêne, G, Sterne, J A C, May, M, Costagliola, D, Ledergerber, B, Phillips, A N, Dabis, F, Lundgren, J, D'Arminio Monforte, A, de Wolf, F, Hogg, R, Reiss, P, Justice, A, Leport, C, Staszewski, S, Gill, J, Fatkenheuer, G, Egger, M E, and Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration

Abstract

Background: We examined whether the initial virological and immunological response to highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) is prognostic in patients with HIV-1 who start HAART.Methods: We analysed 13 cohort studies from Europe and North America including 9323 adult treatment-naive patients who were starting HAART with a combination of at least three drugs. We modelled clinical progression from month 6 after starting HAART, taking into account CD4 count and HIV-1 RNA measured at baseline and 6 months.Findings: During 13408 years of follow-up 152 patients died and 874 developed AIDS or died. Compared with patients who had a 6-month CD4 count of fewer than 25 cells/microL, adjusted hazard ratios for AIDS or death were 0.55 (95%CI 0.32-0.96) for 25-49 cells/microL, 0.62 (0.40-0.96) for 50-99 cells/microL, 0.42 (0.28-0.64) for 100-199 cells/microL, 0.25 (0.16-0.38) for 200-349 cells/microL, and 0.18 (0.11-0.29) for 350 or more cells/microL at 6 months. Compared with patients who had a 6-month HIV-1 RNA of 100000 copies/mL or greater, adjusted hazard ratios for AIDS or death were 0.59 (0.41-0.86) for 10000-99999 copies/mL, 0.42 (0.29-0.61) for 500-9999 copies/mL, and 0.29 (0.21-0.39) for 6-month HIV-1 RNA of 500 copies/mL or fewer. Baseline CD4 and HIV-1 RNA were not associated with progression after controlling for 6-month concentrations. The probability of progression at 3 years ranged from 2.4% in the patients in the lowest-risk stratum to 83% in patients in the highest-risk stratum.Interpretation: At 6 months after starting HAART, the current CD4 cell count and viral load, but not values at baseline, are strongly associated with subsequent disease progression. Our findings should inform guidelines on when to modify HAART. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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111. Immunological and virological response to antiretroviral treatment in migrant and native men and women in Western Europe; is benefit equal for all?

Author

Monge, S., Mocroft, A., Sabin, A., Touloumi, G., Sighem, A., Abgrall, S., Dray-Spira, R., Spire, B., Castagna, A., Mussini, C., Zangerle, R., Hessamfar, M., Anderson, J., Hamouda, O., Ehren, K., Obel, N., Kirk, O., Antinori, A., Girardi, E., Saracino, A., Calmy, A., Wit, S., Wittkop, L., Bucher, C., Montoliu, A., Raben, D., Prins, M., Meyer, L., Chene, G., Burns, F., Amo, J., Judd, Ali, Zangerle, Robert, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, François, Krause, Murielle, Ghosn, Jade, Leport, Catherine, Wittkop, Linda, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, Amo, Julia, Obel, Niels, Thorne, Claire, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Stephan, Christoph, Pérez-Hoyos, Santiago, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, Monforte, Antonella, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Prieto, Luis, Conejo, Pablo, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Mussini, Cristina, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Miró, Josem, Castagna, Antonella, Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Torti, Carlo, Sabin, Caroline, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, Wit, Stéphane, Miró, M., Costagliola, Dominique, d'Arminio-Monforte, Antonella, Raben, Dorthe, Chêne, Geneviève, Barger, Diana, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Campbell, Maria, Frederiksen, Casper M, Friis-Møller, Nina, Kjaer, Jesper, Brandt, Rikke, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Davies, Mary-Anne, Dorrucci, Maria, Dunn, David, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Guiguet, Marguerite, Grabar, Sophie, Lambotte, Olivier, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Miró, Jose, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Rohner, Eliane, Schomaker, Michael, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Valk, Marc, Migrant Health Working Group for the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research in Europe (COHERE) in, Eurocoord, Castagna, Antonella, AII - Infectious diseases, APH - Global Health, Infectious diseases, APH - Aging & Later Life, Global Health, Monge, S, Mocroft, A, Sabin, A, Touloumi, G, Sighem, A, Abgrall, S, Dray-Spira, R, Spire, B, Castagna, A, Mussini, C, Zangerle, R, Hessamfar, M, Anderson, J, Hamouda, O, Ehren, K, Obel, N, Kirk, O, Antinori, A, Girardi, E, Saracino, A, Calmy, A, Wit, S, Wittkop, L, Bucher, C, Montoliu, A, Raben, D, Prins, M, Meyer, L, Chene, G, Burns, F, Amo, J, Judd, A, Warszawski, J, Dabis, F, Krause, M, Ghosn, J, Leport, C, Reiss, P, Wit, F, Bucher, H, Gibb, D, Fatkenheuer, G, Thorne, C, Stephan, C, Perez-Hoyos, S, Bartmeyer, B, Chkhartishvili, N, Noguera-Julian, A, Monforte, A, Brockmeyer, N, Prieto, L, Conejo, P, Soriano-Arandes, A, Battegay, M, Kouyos, R, Tookey, P, Casabona, J, Miro, J, Konopnick, D, Goetghebuer, T, Sonnerborg, A, Torti, C, Sabin, C, Teira, R, Garrido, M, Haerry, D, Miro, M, Costagliola, D, d'Arminio-Monforte, A, Barger, D, Schwimmer, C, Termote, M, Campbell, M, Frederiksen, C, Friis-Moller, N, Kjaer, J, Brandt, R, Berenguer, J, Bohlius, J, Bouteloup, V, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Davies, M, Dorrucci, M, Dunn, D, Egger, M, Furrer, H, Guiguet, M, Grabar, S, Lambotte, O, Leroy, V, Lodi, S, Matheron, S, Nakagawa, F, Paredes, R, Phillips, A, Puoti, M, Rohner, E, Schomaker, M, Smit, C, Sterne, J, Thiebaut, R, and Valk, M

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Latin Americans, HIV Infections, migrants, Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Epidemiology, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Immunovirological response, Young adult, ddc:616, Transients and Migrants, Health Policy, virus diseases, Middle Aged, Viral Load, 3. Good health, Europe, combination antiretroviral therapy, HIV, immunovirological response, sex, Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, Anti-Retroviral Agents, RNA, Viral, Female, Sex, Viral load, Cohort study, Adult, Cart, Combination antiretroviral therapy, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, HIV Infections/drug therapy, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Population Groups, medicine, Humans, RNA, Viral/blood, Aged, business.industry, Migrant, 030112 virology, Confidence interval, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, migrant, Institutional repository, Immunology, business, Demography
Abstract

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate differences in immunovirological response to combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in migrant and native men and women within a European collaboration of HIV cohorts Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research in Europ (COHERE) in EuroCoord, 2004-2013. Methods: Migrants were defined as those with geographical origin (GO) different from the reporting country and were grouped as originating from Western Europe and Western Countries (WEWC), Eastern Europe (EE), North Africa and the Middle East (NAME), sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), Latin America (LA), Caribbean (CRB) and Asia/Oceania (ASIA/OCE). Native (NAT) individuals were defined as those originating from the reporting country. CD4 cell counts were modelled using piecewise linear mixed-effects models with two slopes, whereas models to estimate subdistribution hazard ratios (sHRs) were used for time to virological response (VR) (i.e. time from cART initiation to the first of two successive HIV RNA measurements < 400 HIV-1 RNA copies/ml). Results: Of 32 817 individuals, 25 799 (78.6%) were men. The percentage of migrants was higher in women (48.9%) than in men (21.2%) and migrants from SSA accounted for the largest migrant group (29.9% in men and 63.3% in women). Migrant men and women from SSA started at lower CD4 cell counts than NAT individuals, which remained lower over time. VR was ≥ 85% at 12 months for all groups except CRB women (77.7%). Compared with NAT men and women, lower VR was experienced by NAME [sHR 0.91; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.86-0.97] and SSA (sHR 0.88; 95% CI 0.82-0.95) men and CRB (sHR 0.77; 85% CI 0.67-0.89) women, respectively. Conclusions: Immunovirological response to cART in Western Europe varies by GO and sex of patients. ART benefits are not equal for all, underlining the point that efforts need to prioritize those most in need.

Published
2018

112. Does short-term virologic failure translate to clinical events in antiretroviral-naive patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in clinical practice?

Author

Adilia Warris, Julia Del amo, Roberto CAUDA, Renato Alberto Finazzi, Aba Mahamat, Antonio Chiesi, Giuseppe Ippolito, Dominique Costagliola, Margaret May, Vicente Soriano, Michael John Gill, Fiona Lampe, Maria Jose Amengual, Patrizio Pezzotti, Matthias Egger, Jonathan Sterne, Huldrych Günthard, STEFANO VELLA, Alexandra Montoliu, Willem Melchers, Adrian Streinu-Cercel, Sophie Matheron, Michael Kozal, André Cabié, Terese L Katzenstein, Annalisa Saracino, Cedric Arvieux, Bart Rijnders, Elisa De Lazzari, Alicja Wiercińska-Drapało, Carmen Cabellos, Felipe García, Mariana Gerschenson, University of Zurich, Mugavero, M J, Other departments, Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Public Health, Infectious diseases, General Internal Medicine, Graduate School, Global Health, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort, Collaboration, Mugavero, Mj, May, M, Harris, R, Saag, M, Costagliola, D, Egger, M, Phillips, A, Günthard, Hf, Dabis, F, Hogg, R, de Wolf, F, Fatkenheuer, G, Gill, Mj, Justice, A, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Lampe, F, Miró, Jm, Staszewski, S, Sterne, Ja, Piazza, Marcello, and Nappa, Salvatore

Subjects
Male, Infectious diseases and international health [NCEBP 13], Drug Resistance, HIV Infections, 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Abacavir, virologic failure, Odds Ratio, Immunology and Allergy, Drug Interactions, 030212 general & internal medicine, Viral, 0303 health sciences, Lamivudine, virus diseases, Lopinavir, Middle Aged, Viral Load, 3. Good health, Pathogenesis and modulation of inflammation [N4i 1], Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, Anti-Retroviral Agents, naïve patients, Combination, 2723 Immunology and Allergy, RNA, Viral, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Functional Neurogenomics [DCN 2], Infection and autoimmunity [NCMLS 1], medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Efavirenz, Nevirapine, Adolescent, Immunology, 610 Medicine & health, Auto-immunity, transplantation and immunotherapy [N4i 4], Article, Disease-Free Survival, Invasive mycoses and compromised host [N4i 2], 03 medical and health sciences, Zidovudine, Young Adult, Drug Therapy, Internal medicine, Drug Resistance, Viral, medicine, Humans, 2403 Immunology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Poverty-related infectious diseases [N4i 3], 2725 Infectious Diseases, Nelfinavir, chemistry, 10036 Medical Clinic, HIV-1, RNA, Ritonavir, Microbial pathogenesis and host defense [UMCN 4.1], clinical event, business, Epidemiologic Methods, HIV. antiretroviral therapy
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 70499.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) OBJECTIVE: To determine whether differences in short-term virologic failure among commonly used antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens translate to differences in clinical events in antiretroviral-naive patients initiating ART. DESIGN: Observational cohort study of patients initiating ART between January 2000 and December 2005. SETTING: The Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration (ART-CC) is a collaboration of 15 HIV cohort studies from Canada, Europe, and the United States. STUDY PARTICIPANTS: A total of 13 546 antiretroviral-naive HIV-positive patients initiating ART with efavirenz, nevirapine, lopinavir/ritonavir, nelfinavir, or abacavir as third drugs in combination with a zidovudine and lamivudine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor backbone. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Short-term (24-week) virologic failure (>500 copies/ml) and clinical events within 2 years of ART initiation (incident AIDS-defining event, death, and a composite measure of these two outcomes). RESULTS: Compared with efavirenz as initial third drug, short-term virologic failure was more common with all other third drugs evaluated; nevirapine (adjusted odds ratio = 1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.58-2.22), lopinavir/ritonavir (1.32, 95% CI = 1.12-1.57), nelfinavir (3.20, 95% CI = 2.74-3.74), and abacavir (2.13, 95% CI = 1.82-2.50). However, the rate of clinical events within 2 years of ART initiation appeared higher only with nevirapine (adjusted hazard ratio for composite outcome measure 1.27, 95% CI = 1.04-1.56) and abacavir (1.22, 95% CI = 1.00-1.48). CONCLUSION: Among antiretroviral-naive patients initiating therapy, between-ART regimen, differences in short-term virologic failure do not necessarily translate to differences in clinical outcomes. Our results should be interpreted with caution because of the possibility of residual confounding by indication.

Published
2008

113. Cancer risk and use of protease inhibitor or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based combination antiretroviral therapy: the D: A: D study

Author

Adilia Warris, Ferran Torres, Nina Friis-Moller, Roberto CAUDA, Hamish McManus, Jens Lundgren, Clifford Leen, Giuseppe Ippolito, CARLO FEDERICO PERNO, Vicente Soriano, Gianpiero Tebano, Daniela Segala, Matti Ristola, Lars Østergaard, Caroline Sabin, Terese L Katzenstein, Bart Rijnders, Agnes LIBOIS, ANDREA COSTANTINI, Robert Colebunders, Bruyand, M, Ryom, L, Shepherd, L, Fatkenheuer, G, Grulich, A, Reiss, P, De Wit, S, Darminio Monforte, A, Furrer, H, Pradier, C, Lundgren, J, Sabin, C, Gori, A, Internal Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Virology, Pediatrics, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Global Health, Other departments, Infectious diseases, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, General Internal Medicine, Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School, Dermatology, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, d'Arminio Monforte, A, D:a:d Study, Group, Castagna, Antonella, Lazzarin, A, Medische Microbiologie, RS: NUTRIM - R3 - Chronic inflammatory disease and wasting, Interne Geneeskunde, and RS: CAPHRI - R4 - Health Inequities and Societal Participation

Subjects
Oncology, Male, antiretroviral therapy, cancer, HIV, risk, Protease Inhibitor, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4], HIV Infections, Cancer risk, Protease Inhibitor, Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor, Antiretroviral therapy, HIV, Rate ratio, immune system diseases, Neoplasms, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, HIV Infection, Pharmacology (medical), Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Immunodeficiency, Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor, Incidence (epidemiology), Incidence, Medicine (all), virus diseases, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor, Infectious Diseases, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Female, Adult, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Protease Inhibitors, Risk Assessment, medicine.drug, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Infectious Disease, NO, Follow-Up Studie, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, medicine, Anal cancer, Highly Active, business.industry, Cancer, medicine.disease, Lymphoma, Prospective Studie, Immunology, Neoplasm, business
Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext BACKGROUND: The association between combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and cancer risk, especially regimens containing protease inhibitors (PIs) or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), is unclear. METHODS: Participants were followed from the latest of D:A:D study entry or January 1, 2004, until the earliest of a first cancer diagnosis, February 1, 2012, death, or 6 months after the last visit. Multivariable Poisson regression models assessed associations between cumulative (per year) use of either any cART or PI/NNRTI, and the incidence of any cancer, non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADC), AIDS-defining cancers (ADC), and the most frequently occurring ADC (Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma) and NADC (lung, invasive anal, head/neck cancers, and Hodgkin lymphoma). RESULTS: A total of 41,762 persons contributed 241,556 person-years (PY). A total of 1832 cancers were diagnosed [incidence rate: 0.76/100 PY (95% confidence interval: 0.72 to 0.79)], 718 ADC [0.30/100 PY (0.28-0.32)], and 1114 NADC [0.46/100 PY (0.43-0.49)]. Longer exposure to cART was associated with a lower ADC risk [adjusted rate ratio: 0.88/year (0.85-0.92)] but a higher NADC risk [1.02/year (1.00-1.03)]. Both PI and NNRTI use were associated with a lower ADC risk [PI: 0.96/year (0.92-1.00); NNRTI: 0.86/year (0.81-0.91)]. PI use was associated with a higher NADC risk [1.03/year (1.01-1.05)]. Although this was largely driven by an association with anal cancer [1.08/year (1.04-1.13)], the association remained after excluding anal cancers from the end point [1.02/year (1.01-1.04)]. No association was seen between NNRTI use and NADC [1.00/year (0.98-1.02)]. CONCLUSIONS: Cumulative use of PIs may be associated with a higher risk of anal cancer and possibly other NADC. Further investigation of biological mechanisms is warranted.

Published
2015
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114. Five-year safety evaluation of maraviroc in HIV-1-infected treatment-experienced patients.

Author

Gulick RM, Fatkenheuer G, Burnside R, Hardy WD, Nelson MR, Goodrich J, Mukwaya G, Portsmouth S, and Heera JR

Subjects
Adult, CCR5 Receptor Antagonists, Cyclohexanes therapeutic use, Double-Blind Method, HIV Fusion Inhibitors therapeutic use, HIV Infections mortality, HIV-1 drug effects, Humans, Maraviroc, Survival Analysis, Time Factors, Triazoles therapeutic use, Cyclohexanes adverse effects, HIV Fusion Inhibitors adverse effects, HIV Infections drug therapy, Triazoles adverse effects
Abstract

Background: Maraviroc is unique among approved antiretroviral drugs in targeting the host-cell chemokine coreceptor type-5 receptor. With its novel mechanism of action, we sought to describe the 5-year safety profile of maraviroc., Methods: Two large phase 3 studies of maraviroc enrolled HIV-infected treatment-experienced patients and followed them up for 5 or more years. Survival and selected clinical end points were identified and assessed., Results: A total of 938 enrolled patients received maraviroc-containing regimens. Rates of death and selected clinical events (eg, hepatic failure, malignancy, and myocardial infarction) were low during follow-up., Conclusions: Maraviroc was generally safe in treatment-experienced participants for >5 years.

Published
2014
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115. Does short-term virologic failure translate to clinical events in antiretroviral-naïve patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in clinical practice?

Author

Mugavero MJ, May M, Harris R, Saag MS, Costagliola D, Egger M, Phillips A, Günthard HF, Dabis F, Hogg R, de Wolf F, Fatkenheuer G, Gill MJ, Justice A, D'Arminio Monforte A, Lampe F, Miró JM, Staszewski S, and Sterne JA

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Disease-Free Survival, Drug Interactions, Drug Resistance, Viral, Drug Therapy, Combination, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, HIV Infections immunology, HIV Infections virology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Treatment Outcome, Viral Load, Young Adult, Anti-Retroviral Agents therapeutic use, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV-1, RNA, Viral metabolism, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors therapeutic use
Abstract

Objective: To determine whether differences in short-term virologic failure among commonly used antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens translate to differences in clinical events in antiretroviral-naïve patients initiating ART., Design: Observational cohort study of patients initiating ART between January 2000 and December 2005., Setting: The Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration (ART-CC) is a collaboration of 15 HIV cohort studies from Canada, Europe, and the United States., Study Participants: A total of 13 546 antiretroviral-naïve HIV-positive patients initiating ART with efavirenz, nevirapine, lopinavir/ritonavir, nelfinavir, or abacavir as third drugs in combination with a zidovudine and lamivudine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor backbone., Main Outcome Measures: Short-term (24-week) virologic failure (>500 copies/ml) and clinical events within 2 years of ART initiation (incident AIDS-defining event, death, and a composite measure of these two outcomes)., Results: Compared with efavirenz as initial third drug, short-term virologic failure was more common with all other third drugs evaluated; nevirapine (adjusted odds ratio = 1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.58-2.22), lopinavir/ritonavir (1.32, 95% CI = 1.12-1.57), nelfinavir (3.20, 95% CI = 2.74-3.74), and abacavir (2.13, 95% CI = 1.82-2.50). However, the rate of clinical events within 2 years of ART initiation appeared higher only with nevirapine (adjusted hazard ratio for composite outcome measure 1.27, 95% CI = 1.04-1.56) and abacavir (1.22, 95% CI = 1.00-1.48)., Conclusion: Among antiretroviral-naïve patients initiating therapy, between-ART regimen, differences in short-term virologic failure do not necessarily translate to differences in clinical outcomes. Our results should be interpreted with caution because of the possibility of residual confounding by indication.

Published
2008
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116. AIDS-related B-cell lymphoma (ARL): correlation of prognosis with differentiation profiles assessed by immunophenotyping.

Author

Hoffmann C, Tiemann M, Schrader C, Janssen D, Wolf E, Vierbuchen M, Parwaresch R, Ernestus K, Plettenberg A, Stoehr A, Fatkenheuer G, Wyen C, Oette M, and Horst HA

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Antigens, CD immunology, Antigens, CD20 biosynthesis, Antigens, CD20 immunology, Antigens, Differentiation immunology, Biomarkers, Tumor analysis, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Germinal Center immunology, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Lymphoma, AIDS-Related diagnosis, Male, Middle Aged, Neprilysin biosynthesis, Neprilysin immunology, Prognosis, Regression Analysis, Reproducibility of Results, Retrospective Studies, Survival Analysis, Time Factors, Antigens, CD biosynthesis, Antigens, Differentiation biosynthesis, Immunophenotyping methods, Lymphoma, AIDS-Related immunology
Abstract

This study was undertaken to analyze the differentiation profiles assessed by immunophenotyping in AIDS-related B-cell lymphoma (ARL) and their relation to the clinical course. Paraffin-embedded sections of 89 ARL cases during 1989 to 2004 were stained immunohistochemically with antibodies to CD3, CD10, CD20, CD38, CD138/Syndecan-1 (Syn-1), multiple myeloma-1/interferon regulatory factor-4 (MUM1/IRF4), B-cell lymphoma protein-2 (BCL-2), BCL-6, latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1), and Ki-67. Expression of CD10 and CD20 were associated with better overall survival (OS; P = .009 and P = .04, respectively). Expression of CD20 was associated with longer disease-free survival (DFS; P = .03), whereas expression of CD138/Syn-1 was associated with shorter DFS (P = .03). OS and DFS were worse in patients with immunophenotypic profiles related to post-germinal center (GC) differentiation (BCL-6 and CD10 negative, MUM1/IRF4 and/or CD138/Syn-1 positive) when compared with GC differentiation (P = .01). When controlled for age-adjusted International Prognostic Index (IPI), prior AIDS-defining illness (ADI), and year of ARL diagnosis, a post-GC differentiation remained significantly associated with poor OS and DFS. Expression of CD10 was associated with a preserved immunocompetence, whereas CD20 was less frequent in patients developing ARL while on highly active antiretroviral therapy (P = .04). In summary, lack of CD20 or CD10 expression and a post-germinal center signature are associated with a worse prognosis in ARL.

Published
2005
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