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102. Plans For Selection And In-Situ Investigation OfReturnSamples By The Supercam Instrument Onboard The Mars 2020 Rover

Author

Wiens, Roger C., Maurice, Sylvestre, Mangold, Nicolas, Anderson, R., Beyssac, Olivier, Bonal, Lydie, Clegg, Samuel, Cousin, Agnès, Deflores, Lauren, Dromart, Gilles, Fischer, W., Forni, Olivier, Fouchet, Thierry, Gasnault, Olivier, Grotzinger, John, Johnson, J., Martinez-Frias, Jesus, Mclennan, S., Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Montmessin, Franck, Poulet, François, Rull, Fernando, Sharma, S., Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), Institut de minéralogie et de physique des milieux condensés (IMPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP), University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique UMR6112 (LPG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), IMPEC - LATMOS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cardon, Catherine, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES)

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [SDU.ASTR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; The SuperCam instrument onboard Rover 2020 still provides a complementary set of analyses with IR reflectance and Raman spectroscopy for mineralogy, LIBS for chemistry, and a color imager in order to investigate in-situ samples to return.

Published
2018

103. Pluto's atmosphere with ALMA: disk-resolved observations of CO and HCN, and first detection of HNC

Author

Lellouch, Emmanuel, Gurwell, Mark A., Moreno, Raphaël, Lavvas, Panayiotis, Butler, Bryan J., Strobel, Darell, Fouchet, Thierry, Moullet, Arielle, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Biver, Nicolas, and Henry, Florence

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

Following our detection of HCN(4-3) and CO(3-2) in 2015 (Lellouch et al. 2017), we pursued our exploration of Pluto's atmosphere with ALMA. On July 30, 2017, we obtained maps of these CO and HCN emissions, with a 96 x 54 mas beam providing some spatial resolution of the Pluto disk in the North-South direction. On April 27, 2017, we explored portions of the 256.1-259.1 and 271.9-273.8 GHz spectrum, searching for HNC, CH3CN, and H13CN in disk-averaged observations. The highlight of this search was the detection of the HNC(3-2) line at 271.98 GHz, which appears as a narrow emission with a 15 mJy contrast. This first identification of HNC in Pluto's atmosphere reinforces the similarity to Titan's upper atmosphere, where HNC has been also observed (Moreno et al. 2011). Data interpretation in terms of (i) the spatial distribution of CO and HCN emissions (ii) the HNC abundance/vertical distribution, including comparison with photochemical models, will be presented.

Published
2018

104. First Measurements of Methyl Radical (CH3) in Jupiter's atmosphere using TEXES/IRTF and EXES/SOFIA

Author

Fouchet, Thierry, Greathouse, Thomas K., Bézard, Bruno, Richter, Matthew J., Moses, Julianne I., and Henry, Florence

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

We observed Jupiter with the TEXES instrument mounted on the IRTF telescope and the EXES instrument on board the SOFIA observatory in the range of methyl nu2 band at 16.5 mum. Both observations independently led to the detection of one or several lines of the methyl band. These observations, compared with synthetic spectra generated for several methyl vertical profiles, allows us to test photochemical models. Indeed, methyl recombination is the highly dominant pathway for the production of the most abundant photochemical product in Jupiter's atmosphere, ethane. Hence, this first measurement of methyl provides strong constraints on photochemical productions of heavy hydrocarbons in Jupiter's atmosphere.

Published
2018

105. Modeling the CH4 3.3 µm non-LTE emissions in Jupiter and Saturn

Author

Panka, Peter, Fouchet, Thierry, Kutepov, Alexander, Rezac, Ladislav, Feofilov, Artem, Janches, Diego, and Henry, Florence

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

The homopause divides planetary atmospheres into the high-pressure region where chemical species are well mixed by eddy diffusion and the low-pressure region where molecular diffusion separates species according to their individual masses. In Jupiter and Saturn, the homopause pressure level controls the methane abundance vertical profile, as methane is heavier than the two dominant species, H2 and He. Methane plays a critical role in establishing the thermal structure on these planets. It is the prime near-infrared absorber that warms the Jovian and Kronian upper atmospheres, and its photolysis by solar UV radiation triggers the production of ethane, acetylene, and heavier hydrocarbons that are the prime far-infrared coolants in these upper atmospheres. Hence the homopause level drives the heating rates, and, as ethane is mainly produced by the three-body methyl recombination (2CH3 M -> C2H6 M) whose reaction rate highly varies with pressure, the homopause level also controls the cooling rates. The determination of the methane homopause level in Jupiter and Saturn through solar occultations has been notoriously difficult as different studies and authors led to different results (see Moses et al. (2004), Fouchet et al. (2009) for reviews). Greathouse et al. (2010) even suggested that the Jovian homopause might vary spatially and/or temporally. Here we present a detailed non-LTE model of CH4 3.3 µm emissions for Jupiter and Saturn's atmosphere. The model accounts for various mechanisms of non-thermal excitation of CH4 molecules as well as inter- and intra-molecular vibrational-vibrational (VV) and vibrational-translational (VT) energy exchanges. With the help of this model, we studied the sensitivity of CH4 3.3 µm emissions to the temperature and methane abundance vertical profiles and compared integrated radiances with the corresponding Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) observations. We will discuss implications of these results to the interpretation of the homopause pressure level as well as opportunities the JWST telescope will provide to map the homopause across both planets.

Published
2018

106. Thermal structure and aerosol content in the martian atmosphere from ACS-TIRVIM onboard ExoMars/TGO

Author

Guerlet, Sandrine, Ignatiev, Nikolay I., Fouchet, Thierry, Forget, François, Millour, Ehouarn, Young, Roland, Montabone, Luca, Grigoriev, Alexey, Trokhimovskiy, Alexander, Montmessin, Franck, Korablev, Oleg, and Henry, Florence

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

The ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO), a mission by ESA and Roscosmos, was launched in March 2016. After a long aerobraking phase, it reached its final, near-circular 400 km orbit in February, 2018 then started its operational scientific phase in March, 2018. On board TGO, the ACS-TIRVIM instrument has the capability to map the thermal structure of the Martian atmosphere and its aerosol load at a great variety of local times. In this abstract, we describe our retrieval algorithm used to analyse TIRVIM data. We discuss synthetic retrievals performed for a great variety of scenes to fine-tune and evaluate the performance of our algorithm, then present results obtained from the first orbits of TGO. In a second step (see EPSC abstract by Young et al.), the climatology dataset obtained from TIRVIM will be assimilated into the LMD Mars General Circulation Model to improve our understanding of the Martian atmospheric system.

Published
2018

107. Saturn's stratospheric temperature and composition at the epoch of the 2017 summer solstice

Author

Guerlet, Sandrine, Greathouse, Thomas K., Orton, Glenn S., Martin-Lagarde, Marine, Fletcher, Leigh N., Fouchet, Thierry, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SWRI (SWRI), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (JPL), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), University of Leicester, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Over the course of its 29.5-years orbit, Saturn undergoes significant seasonal changes, owing to its 26.7° axial tilt. 2017 marks the end of the 13-year exploration of the Saturnian system by the Cassini spacecraft and coincides with summer solstice in Saturn's northern hemisphere. Monitoring changes in temperature and composition in Saturn's stratosphere through seasons can teach us about dynamical, radiative and chemical processes governing its atmospheric structure and evolution. Here we report on thermal infrared spectroscopic observations of Saturn's stratosphere in March 2017 obtained with the Texas Echelon Cross Echelle Spectrograph (TEXES) mounted on the Gemini telescope. We retrieve vertical profiles of the temperature between latitudes 15°S and 87°N from the analysis of methane emission lines near 1245 cm-1. The inferred zonally average thermal structure is validated against Cassini/CIRS measurements acquired in January and February 2017. These datasets (ground-based and space-based) are in excellent agreement. The 1-mbar temperature is found to increase moderately from 140K at 20°N to 145K at 60°N, then increases more sharply to reach 155K at 85°N. The overall meridional temperature gradient observed in 2017 resembles the one observed in 2004 in the southern summer hemisphere, where a warm ``polar hood'' was observed poleward of 70°S [Fletcher et al., 2008]. In contrast, a seasonal radiative-equilibrium model [Guerlet et al., 2014] predicts much smaller and smoother meridional temperature gradients with latitude. We further analysed Cassini/CIRS data acquired in 2014 over the northern hemisphere to study seasonal changes between 2014 and 2017. Surprisingly, the 1-mbar temperature has slightly cooled down in the region 25N-55N between these two dates, at odds with the moderate warming predicted by our radiative-equilibrium model. We will discuss several hypotheses to account for these model-observation mismatches. In addition, we also retrieve vertical profiles of ethane and acetylene volume mixing ratios from their emission lines recorded by TEXES near 822 and 728 cm-1 and will discuss their spatial distribution.

Published
2017

108. ALMA spectral imaging of SL9 species in Jupiter’s stratosphere

Author

CAVALIÉ, Thibault, MORENO, Raphael, LELLOUCH, Emmanuel, FOUCHET, Thierry, HUE, Vincent, GREATHOUSE, Thomas K., DOBRIJEVIC, M., HERSANT, F., HARTOGH, Paul, JARCHOW, Christopher, REZAC, Ladislav, BÉZARD, Bruno, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), ASP 2017, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ECLIPSE 2017, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, and Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS)

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

International audience; In July 1994, the Shoemaker-Levy 9 comet (SL9) spectacularly impacted Jupiter near 44°S. On the long term, Jupiter was left with a variety of new species in its stratosphere, including CO, HCN, CS, H2O, and CO2. These species can be used as tracers for Jupiter’s stratospheric chemistry and dynamics. Their distributions have been monitored, although with strong limitations in terms of spatial resolution in most cases. We mapped the spectral emissions of CO and HCN (at 345 and 354 GHz, resp.) in Jupiter with ALMA in March 2017. We have successfully performed the first mosaic of Jupiter to cover the entire planet. We have recorded the data with a very high spectral resolution (up to 61 kHz) and at an unprecedented angular resolution of 1.1”, which translates into a meridional resolution of 3° at the equator and 7° at 70°S. The lines are detected at the planetary limb with a high signal-to-noise ratio. The emission distributions and line shapes at the limb indicate strong meridional variability for CO and HCN, quite different from one another. In this paper, we will present our observations and preliminary interpretation of the observed distributions.

Published
2017

112. Ground-based thermal mapping on Venus: temperature fields and variations of SO2 and HDO

Author

Encrenaz, Thérèse, Greathouse, Thomas K., Widemann, Thomas, Bézard, Bruno, Fouchet, Thierry, Atreya, Sushil K., Sagawa, Hideo, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), University of Michigan, and Kyoto University

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; As a continuation of our ground-based thermal imaging campaign of Venus, we have been mapping Venus in December 2016 and January 2017 to monitor the behaviour of SO2 and H2O (through its proxy HDO). The SO2 mixing ratio was at its maximum since 2012. As during our previous runs, short-term variations of SO2 (with a timescale of a few hours) were observed. There is still no evidence for a correlation or an anti-correlation between SO2 and HDO. The thermal maps might show some correlation with the topography, but this remains to be confirmed with further observations.

Published
2017

113. Saturn at Northern Summer Solstice: Thermal Structure during the Finale of the Cassini Mission

Author

Fletcher, Leigh N., Guelet, S., Orton, Glenn S., Sinclair, J. A., Fouchet, Thierry, Irwin, Patrick G. J., Li, L., Flasar, F. M., University of Leicester, Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (JPL), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Department of Physics, University of Houston, and NASA Herschel Science Center, California Institute of Technology (NHSC)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; With the culmination of 13 years of orbital exploration of Saturn by the Cassini spacecraft, we now have the most comprehensive characterisation of a seasonal giant planet ever obtained. The longevity of Cassini has meant that we can explore atmospheric processes from solstice to solstice using infrared remote sensing, including: the formation and dissipation of stratospheric polar vortices; the evolution of Saturn's equatorial oscillation; and the aftermath of the 2010-11 springtime storm.

Published
2017

114. High-resolution Global Climate Modeling of Saturn's and Jupiter's tropospheric and stratospheric circulations

Author

Spiga, Aymeric, Guerlet, Sandrine, Millour, Ehouarn, Meurdesoif, Yann, Indurain, Mikel, Dubos, Thomas, Sylvestre, Mélody, Cabanes, S., Boissinot, A., Fouchet, Thierry, Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; We use unprecedented numerical modeling to study and understand atmospheric winds in our Solar System's gas giants Saturn and Jupiter, inspired by measurements obtained by orbital missions (Cassini, Juno) and ground-based observations.

Published
2017

115. Saturn's stratospheric equatorial oscillation and wave activity through the Cassini epoch

Author

Guerlet, Sandrine, Fouchet, Thierry, Spiga, Aymeric, Hesman, B. E., Gorius, N., Fletcher, Lyndsay, Flasar, F. M., Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), STScI, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA/GSFC), and University of Leicester

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; We study the evolution of Saturn's Quasi-Periodic Oscillation, a dynamical phenomenon observed in Saturn's stratosphere that has counterparts in Jupiter and the Earth stratospheres as well. Thermal infrared spectra acquired by Cassini/CIRS in limb viewing geometry in 2015 are used to derive 2-D latitude-pressure temperature and thermal wind maps in Saturn's stratosphere. These maps are compared to previous observations from 2005 and 2010 to characterize and study the evolution of the vertical structure of Saturn's equatorial oscillation. This phenomenon is thought to result from the interaction between upward-propagating waves and the mean zonal flow, but little is known on Saturn's stratospheric wave activity. CIRS nadir spectra are then used to map stratospheric temperatures with longitude and characterize planetary waves in the tropical region (20N-20S).

Published
2017

116. Scientific rationale and concepts for in situ probe exploration of Uranus and Neptune

Author

Mousis, Olivier, Atkinson, David, Cavalié, T., Fletcher, Leigh, Amato, Michael, Aslam, Shahid, Ferri, Francesca, Renard, Jean-Baptiste, Spilker, Thomas, Venkatapathy, Ethiraj, Wurz, Peter, Aplin, Karen, Coustenis, Athena, Deleuil, Magali, Dobrijevic, M., Fouchet, Thierry, Guillot, Tristan, Hartogh, Paul, Hewagama, Tilak, Hofstadter, Mark, Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Center for medical imaging, University College of London [London] (UCL), Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, University of Oxford, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ASP 2017, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria Bilbao, Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom, ASP 2018, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Leicester, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Laboratoire de Cosmologie, Astrophysique Stellaire & Solaire, de Planétologie et de Mécanique des Fluides (CASSIOPEE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), University of Oxford [Oxford], Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

International audience; Uranus and Neptune, referred to as ice giants, are fundamentally different from the better-known gas giants (Jupiter and Saturn). Exploration of an ice giant system is a high-priority science objective, as these systems (including the magnetosphere, satellites, rings, atmosphere, and interior) challenge our understanding of planetary formation and evolution. The importance of the ice giants is reflected in NASA's 2011 Decadal Survey, comments from ESA's SSC in response to L2/L3 mission proposals and results of the 2017 NASA/ESA Ice Giants study. A crucial part of exploration of the ice giants is in situ sampling of the atmosphere via an atmospheric probe. A probe would bring insights in two broad themes: the formation history of our Solar System and the processes at play in planetary atmospheres. Here we summarize the science driver for in situ measurements at these two planets and discuss possible mission concepts that would be consistent with the constraints of ESA M-class missions.

Published
2017

117. A new measurement of D/H on Mars using EXES aboard SOFIA

Author

Encrenaz, Thérèse, Dewitt, Curtis N., Richter, Matthew J., Greathouse, Thomas K., Fouchet, Thierry, Montmessin, Franck, Lefèvre, Franck, Bézard, Bruno, Atreya, Sushil K., Aoki, S., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California, Department of Physics [Davis], University of California-University of California, Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California (UC), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and University of Michigan System

Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; The distribution of D/H ratio on Mars is crucial for understanding the planet’s water cycle including the exchange with surface reservoirs, and for estimating the amount of liquid water in the past. We have employed EXES (Echelle Cross Echelle Spectrograph) aboard SOFIA (Stratospheric Observatory For Infrared Astronomy) to map D/H on Mars in the thermal infrared, starting with the first measurement in April 2014 (Ls = 113°). Here we present a new measurement obtained in March 2016 (Ls = 127°). The disk-integrated value of D/H is found be 4.0 (+0.7, -0.6) x VSMOW, in agreement with our earlier result (4.4 (+1.0, -0.6) x VSMOW) [3]

Published
2017

118. Seasonal and interannual variations of H2O2 on Mars

Author

Encrenaz, Thérèse, Greathouse, Thomas K., Lefèvre, Franck, Montmessin, Franck, Fouchet, Thierry, Bézard, Bruno, Atreya, Sushil K., Gondet, Brigitte, Fedorova, Anna, Hartogh, Paul, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), and Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS)

Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract

International audience; Following a long-term monitoring campaign on the abundance and distribution of hydrogen peroxide on Mars, we present a new observation near summer solstice which corresponds to a maximum of the seasonal abundance of H2O2. Our result is in full agreement with GCM predictions (Lefèvre et al. 2008; [1]). We also analyse previous measurements of H2O2 in the vicinity of aphelion which seem to indicate the existence of interannual variations, and we discuss their possible origin.

Published
2017

119. Ground-based imaging spectroscopy of Venus: variability of HDO and SO2 between 2012 and 2017 and analysis of the thermal structure

Author

Encrenaz, Thérèse, Greathouse, Thomas K., Richter, Matthew J., Dewitt, Curtis N., Widemann, Thomas, Bézard, Bruno, Fouchet, Thierry, Atreya, Sushil K., Sagawa, Hideo, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC), University of Michigan, and Kyoto-Sanyo University

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

120. Disruption of Saturn's Equatorial Stratospheric Oscillation by the Great Storm of 2011

Author

Fletcher, Leigh N., Guerlet, Sandrine, Orton, Glenn S., Cosentino, R., Fouchet, Thierry, Irwin, Patrick G. J., Li, Liming, University of Leicester, Sorbonne Université (SU), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (JPL), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro NM 87801, USA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, and Department of Physics, University of Houston

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Saturn's equatorial stratosphere exhibits at pattern of periodic oscillations in temperatures and zonal winds with a 15-year period (Fouchet et al., 2008, doi:10.1038/nature06912; Orton et al., 2008, doi:10.1038/nature06897). This pattern is analogous to Earth's Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and Jupiter's Quasi-Quadrennial Oscillation (QQO), and may be driven by interaction of the mean zonal flow with waves spawned by tropospheric meteorology. Inversions of Cassini Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) limb and nadir spectra allowed the construction of a time series of Saturn's equatorial temperatures from 2004 to 2016, revealing the slow downward propagation of the temperature/wind pattern in the 0.1-100 mbar range. However, this pattern was spectacularly disrupted in 2011 at the same time as a large tropospheric storm system and associated stratospheric vortex (the 'beacon') were both active in the Saturn's northern springtime hemisphere (Fletcher et al., 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.icarus.2012.08.024). Temperatures were perturbed throughout Saturn's tropical stratosphere (30N-30S), with substantial cooling (10-K at 1 mbar) at 10N and 10S by 2012. This coincided with the removal of bright near-equatorial bands of methane emission observed from ground-based observatories at 7.8 µm. 1-mbar temperatures at 10N/10S did not recover to their pre-storm levels until 2014-15, when the familiar temperature/wind pattern of Saturn's equatorial oscillation was re-established and had resumed its downward propagation. The 2011 Saturnian storm therefore had a dramatic impact on the equatorial oscillation, shifting it into a new phase whose temporal period is yet to be determined. Horizontally and vertically propagating waves, emanating from both the storm and the beacon near 40N, could have transported momentum into the equatorial wind system to drive temperature changes across the equatorial region. Similar disruption associated with the 1990 equatorial storm could explain why the phase of the oscillation determined by Voyager (1980) did not match that observed by Cassini one Saturnian year later (Sinclair et al., 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.02.009). A similar wave-momentum transport hypothesis was used to explain the unprecedented disruption of Earth's QBO in 2016 (Osprey et al., 2016, doi:10.1126/science.aah4156), reinforcing the similarities in processes shaping both terrestrial and giant planet middle atmospheres.

Published
2017

121. Development of Onboard Calibration Targets for the Mars2020/SuperCam Remote Sensing Suite

Author

Cousin, A., Bernard, Sylvain, Dromart, Gilles, Drouet, C., Fabre, C., Fouchet, Thierry, Gasnault, Olivier, Madsen, M., Manrique, J. A., Maurice, Sylestre, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Montagnac, Gilles, Rull, Fernando, Sautter, V., Thiebaut, C., Virmontois, C., Wiens, Roger, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; This abstract presents the science rationales for the SuperCam Calibration Targets onboard Mars2020 rover. An overview of each target is also presented.

Published
2017

122. Hydrogen Peroxide on Mars during Northern Summer: Observations and Models

Author

Encrenaz, Thérèse, Fouchet, Thierry, Bézard, Bruno, Greathouse, Thomas K., Lefèvre, Franck, Montmessin, Franck, Atreya, Sushil, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, and F. Forget, M.A. Lopez-Valverde

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

123. Emission from Pluto and Charon at Long Wavelengths: Observations using ALMA, SMA, and VLA

Author

Butler, Bryan J., Gurwell, Mark A., Lellouch, Emmanuel, Moullet, Arielle, Biver, Nicolas, Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, Boissier, Jérémie, Fouchet, Thierry, Lis, Darek C., Moreno, Raphaël, Stansberry, John A., Stern, S. A., Young, E. F., Young, Leslie A., Weaver, Harold A., and Henry, Florence

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

We report on the first Earth-based observations of thermal emission from the surfaces of Pluto and Charon where the two are resolved from each other. Observations at wavelengths from 0.8 mm to 0.9 cm with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), Submillimeter Array (SMA), and Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) provide separate, high SNR flux densities for both bodies, which are converted into brightness temperatures. These observations have been presented separately previously [1-3] but here we combine them for the first time and extend the analysis. For Pluto, brightness temperatures range from 31--33 K, and for Charon from 42--45 K, over the full range of observed wavelengths. These brightness temperatures are significantly lower than observed surface temperatures for both bodies. While hinted at from unresolved observations of the pair, this is the first definitive observation showing both bodies have depressed brightness temperatures. These low brightness temperatures are likely due to a combination of low thermal inertia, and subsurface scattering, with a larger depression for Pluto than for Charon.[1] Butler et al. 2015, BAAS #47, id.210.04. [2] Gurwell et al. 2011, DPS/EPSC, p271. [3] Butler et al. 2011, DPS/EPSC, p. 1670.

Published
2017

124. Measuring molecular abundance profiles from 5 microns ground-based spectroscopy in support of JUNO investigations

Author

Blain, Doriann, Fouchet, Thierry, Encrenaz, Thérèse, Drossart, Pierre, Greathouse, Thomas K., Orton, Glenn S., Fletcher, Leigh N., Henry, Florence, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (JPL), and University of Leicester

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; We report on early results of an observational campaign to support the Juno mission. At the beginning of 2015, using TEXES (Texas Echelon cross-dispersed Echelle Spectrograph), mounted on the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF), we obtained data cubes of Jupiter in several spectral ranges between 2100 and 2200 cm-1 (4.5 - 4.7 mum) which probes the atmosphere in the 1-4 bar region, with a spectral resolution of R ≈ 7000 and an angular resolution of ≈ 1.5''. This dataset is analyzed by a code which combines a line-by-line radiative transfer model with a non-linear optimal estimation inversion method. The inversion takes into account the abundance profiles of AsH_3, CO, GeH4 and H_2O, as well as clouds contribution, in addtion to the abundance profiles of NH3 and PH_3. We will present the inverted abundance profiles, the spatial distribution of the molecular abundances, their significance for the understanding of Jupiter's atmospheric dynamics, and how this will be useful for the determination of water abundance up to 200 bars, which is one of the main objectives of the instrument MWR (MicroWave Radiometer) mounted on the Juno spacecraft. This work will also be useful to prepare the analysis of the JIRAM (Jovian InfraRed Auroral Mapper) 5-microns data aboard Juno.

Published
2017

125. Tracking Jupiter's Quasi-Quadrennial Oscillation and Mid-Latitude Zonal Waves with High Spectral Resolution Mid-Infrared Observations

Author

Greathouse, Thomas K., Orton, Glenn S., Cosentino, R., Morales-Juberías, Raúl, Fletcher, Leigh N., Giles, Rohini S., Melin, Henrik, Encrenaz, Thérèse, Fouchet, Thierry, Dewitt, Curtis N., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

126. Variability of H2O and SO2 on Venus between 2012 and 2016

Author

Encrenaz, Thérèse, Greathouse, Thomas K., Richter, Matthew J., Dewitt, Curtis N., Widemann, Thomas, Bézard, Bruno, Fouchet, Thierry, Atreya, Sushil K., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC), and University of Michigan

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

127. A change of seasons in Saturn's stratosphere from Cassini/CIRS: evolution of the equatorial oscillation and reversal of hemispheric transport

Author

Guerlet, Sandrine, Fouchet, Thierry, Hesman, B. E., Bjoraker, Gordon L., Spiga, Aymeric, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

128. Molecular abundance profiles characterization of Jupiter'satmosphere using ground-based observations at 5 microns

Author

Doriann, Blain, Fouchet, Thierry, Encrenaz, Thérèse, Drossart, Pierre, Greathouse, Thomas K., Fletcher, Leigh N., Orton, Glenn S., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

129. Jets, eddies & waves in Saturn's troposphere and stratosphere from multi-annual high-resolution Global Climate Modeling

Author

Spiga, Aymeric, Guerlet, Sandrine, Meurdesoif, Yann, Indurain, Mikel, Millour, Ehouarn, Sylvestre, Mélody, Dubos, Thomas, Fouchet, Thierry, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

130. Europlanet Prize for Public Engagement

Author

Fouchet, Thierry, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

133. Imaging spectroscopy of Venus in the thermal infrared: variability of HDO and SO2, and daily variations of the thermal structure

Author

Encrenaz, Thérèse, Greathouse, Thomas K., Richter, Matthew J., Dewitt, Curtis N., Widemann, Thomas, Bézard, Bruno, Fouchet, Thierry, Atreya, Sushil K., Sagawa, Hideo, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

134. Observations of Jupiter at 5 micron from IRTF/TEXES : latitudinal variability of disequilibrium species

Author

Drossart, Pierre, Encrenaz, Thérèse, Greathouse, Thomas K., Dewitt, Curtis N., Fouchet, Thierry, Janssen, Michael A., Gulkis, Samuel, Orton, Glenn S., Fletcher, Lyndsay, Giles, R., Atreya, Sushil K., Boudon, Vincent, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

136. Mapping of the Martian disk near opposition with EXES aboard SOFIA: Water distribution and measurement of the D/H ratio

Author

Encrenaz, Thérèse, Richter, Matthew, Dewitt, Curtis, Greathouse, Thomas K., Fouchet, Thierry, Montmessin, Franck, Bézard, Bruno, Atreya, Sushil, Case, Michael, Ryde, Nils, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California, Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Lund Observatory, Lund University [Lund], and University of California (UC)

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract

International audience; The high-resolution imaging spectrometer EXES (Echelon Cross Echelle Spectrograph) had its first commissioning flight on the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) on April 7, 2014. This instrument covers the 5-28 µm range with a resolving power as high as 100,000 in the high-resolution mode. These observations have a spectral resolving power of R=85,000. During this first flight, a map of Mars was recorded at 1383-1391 cm-1 (7.20-7.23 µm). Data were recorded near opposition, when the diameter of Mars was 15 arcsec, and slightly after northern summer solstice (Ls = 112 •), when the water vapor content is maximum in the northern hemisphere. The map was recorded by centering on the planet, offsetting beyond the limb, and then stepping perpendicular to the 14 " long slit across the planet. Two separate stripes were done with an offset along the slit to ensure full coverage of the Martian disk. The 1383-1391 cm-1 spectral range contains lines of H2O, HDO and CO 2 of various intensities. HDO and H2O mixing ratios will be retrieved from a measurement of the H2O/CO 2 and HDO/CO 2 line depth ratios. Comparison of both maps will provide information about the spatial distribution of D/H over the disk. Results will be compared with theoretical models and other D/H observations.

Published
2015

137. An exploration of Saturn's stratospheric dynamics through Global Climate Modeling

Author

Spiga, Aymeric, Guerlet, Sandrine, Indurain, Mikel, Millour, Ehouarn, Sylvestre, Mélody, Fouchet, Thierry, Meurdesoif, Yann, Dubos, Thomas, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2014

138. ISO-SWS Observations of Jupiter: Measurement of the Ammonia Tropospheric Profile and of the [sup.15]N/[sup.14]N Isotopic Ratio

Author

Fouchet, Thierry, Lellouch, Emmanuel, Bezard, Bruno, Encrenaz, Therese, Drossart, Pierre, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, and de Graauw, Thijs

Subjects
Jupiter (Planet) -- Atmosphere, Ammonia -- Environmental aspects, Infrared astronomy -- Usage, Astronomy, Earth sciences
Abstract

We present the results of the Infrared Space Observatory Short Wavelength Spectrometer (ISO-SWS) observations of Jupiter related to ammonia. We focus on two spectral regions; the first one (the 10-[micro]m region), ranging from 9.5 to 11.5 [micro]m, probes atmospheric levels between 1 and 0.2 bar, while the second one (the 5-[micro]m window), ranging from 4.8 to 5.5 [micro]m, sounds the atmosphere between 8 and 2 bar. The two spectral windows cannot be fitted with the same ammonia vertical distribution. From the 10-[micro]m region we infer an ammonia distribution of about half the saturation profile above the 1-bar level, where the N/H ratio is roughly solar. A totally different picture is derived from the 5-[micro]m window, where we determine an upper limit of 3.7 x [10.sup.-5] at 1 bar and find an increasing [NH.sub.3] abundance at least down to 4 bar. This profile is similar to that measured by the Galileo probe. The discrepancy between the two spectral regions most likely arises from the spatial heterogeneity of Jupiter, the 5-[micro]m window sounding dry areas unveiled by a locally thin cloud cover (the 5-[micro]m hot spots), and the 10-[micro]m region probing the mean jovian atmosphere above 1 bar. The [sup.15][NH.sub.3] mixing ratio is measured around 400 mbar from [v.sub.2] band absorptions in the 10-[micro]m region. We find the atmosphere of Jupiter highly depleted in [sup.15]N at this pressure level [MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII], while [([sup.15]N/[sup.14]N).sub.[direct sum]] = 3.68 x [10.sup.-3]]. It is not clear whether this depletion reveals the global jovian [sup.15]N/[sup.14]N ratio. Instead an isotopic fractionation process, taking place during the ammonia cloud condensation, is indicated as a possible mechanism. A fractionation coefficient [Alpha] higher than 1.08 would explain the observed isotopic ratio, but the lack of laboratory data does not allow us to decide unambiguously on the origin of the observed low [sup.15]N/[sup.14]N ratio. Key Words: atmospheres, composition; infrared observations; Jupiter, atmosphere.

Published
2000

139. Detection of spectral UV from meteors by a nanosatellite

Author

Rambaux, Nicolas, Galayko, Dimitri, Mariscal, Jean-François, Breton, Michel-Andres, Vaubaillon, Jérémie, Birlan, Mirel, Colas, François, Fouchet, Thierry, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Circuits Intégrés Numériques et Analogiques (CIAN), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris 6 (LIP6), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), International Meteor Organization, Rault, J.-L., Roggemans, P., and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract

International audience; Here, we present a cubesat space mission concept devoted to the UV detection of meteors from space. Space observations have the advantages of being able to continuously observe meteors independently of weather conditions on large portions of the atmosphere and, specifically, to perform ultra-violet light measurement as it is above the ozone layer. The UV spectrum is interesting for the detection of chemicals such as iron, carbon and hydroxide that can yield a signature of elements present during the solar system's formation.

Published
2014

140. HDO and SO2 thermal mapping on Venus above and within the clouds

Author

Encrenaz, Thérèse, Greathouse, Thomas K., Richter, Matthew J., Lacy, John H., Widemann, Thomas, Bézard, Bruno, Fouchet, Thierry, Dewitt, Curtis N., Atreya, Sushil K., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2014

141. Europlanet outreach in Horizon 2020

Author

Heward, Anita, Miller, Steve, Barrosa, M., Fouchet, Thierry, Raszler, V., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2014

142. A new Global Climate Model for Saturn's stratosphere and perspectives for other gas giants

Author

Spiga, Aymeric, Guerlet, Sandrine, Indurain, Mikel, Sylvestre, Mélody, Fouchet, Thierry, Millour, Ehouarn, Wordsworth, Robin, Leconte, Jeremy, Capderou, Michel, Bézard, Bruno, Forget, François, Dubos, Thomas, Hourdin, Frédéric, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2014

143. H2O2, H2O and HDO thermal mapping on Mars using TEXES/IRTF and EXES/SOFIA

Author

Encrenaz, Thérèse, Greathouse, Thomas K., Richter, Matthew J., Lacy, John H., Fouchet, Thierry, Bézard, Bruno, Lefèvre, Franck, Montmessin, Franck, Atreya, Sushil K., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], and University of Michigan System

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Ever since the Viking era, hydrogen peroxide has been suggested as a possible oxidizer of the Mars surface [1]. H2O2 was first detected in the submillimeter range [2], then regularly monitored, simultaneously with HDO, using high-resolution imaging spectroscopy at 8 μm with TEXES at IRTF [3]. Comparison with the Global Climate Models (GCM) shows that the observations favor the simulations taking into account heterogeneous chemistry [4]. New observations have been performed on H2O2 and HDO with TEXES at IRTF in February 2014, and on H2O and HDO with EXES on SOFIA in April 2014. The latter dataset, obtained near summer solstice, will be used to build a map of D/H on Mars.

Published
2014

144. Characterization of Saturn's polar haze in the thermal infrared

Author

Guerlet, Sandrine, Fouchet, Thierry, Vinatier, Sandrine, Spiga, Aymeric, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2014

145. Seasonal changes in Saturn's stratosphere from Cassini/CIRS observations

Author

Sylvestre, Mélody, Guerlet, Sandrine, Fouchet, Thierry, Spiga, Aymeric, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2014

146. Monitoring Jovian Dynamics Using Maps of NH3 and PH3

Author

Encrenaz, Thérèse, Greathouse, Thomas K., Drossart, Pierre, Fouchet, Thierry, Janssen, Michael A., Gulkis, Samuel, Orton, Glenn S., Fletcher, Lyndsay, Giles, R., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2014

147. Seasonal Variations in Saturn's Stratosphere from Cassini/CIRS limb Observations

Author

Sylvestre, Mélody, Fouchet, Thierry, Guerlet, Sandrine, Spiga, Aymeric, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2014

148. The MARs Boundary Layer Lidar experiment (MARBLL): Winds at last on Mars!

Author

Montmessin, Franck, Patel, Manish, Forget, François, Déprez, G., Bruneau, Didier, Coscia, David, Lewis, S., Flamant, Cyrille, Spiga, Aymeric, Määttänen, Anni, Howe, Chris, Bertrand, T., Maurice, Sylvestre, Kahre, M., Abshire, J., Vasavada, A., Lorenz, R., Faure, B., Fouchet, Thierry, Clerc, M.-S., Sengenes, P., Gilbert, Pierre, Madeleine, J.-B., Nguyen Tuong, Napoléon, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Earth Observation Programmes Directorate [Noordwijk], Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TROPO - LATMOS, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), University of Arizona, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Brown University, and Haute résolution angulaire en astrophysique

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; MARBLL is an optical remote sensing instrument using a maturestate-of- the-art Doppler wind lidar technology specifically designedto operate at the surface of Mars. The instrument includes an emittingdevice (laser) and a spectral analyzer (Mach-Zehnder interferometer).Wind profiling is inferred from the 1064 nm beam emitted by the laserand subsequently backscattered to the telescope by the suspendedaerosols. The received signal has a Doppler shift induced by theradial velocity component of the particles, which is quantified by theinterferometer.Doppler wind lidars (DWL) offer a unique combination of accuracy andspatial resolution making them the most efficient technique to profilewinds in the terrestrial boundary layer (see e.g. Gentry, 2000;Frehlich, 2008). Existing DWL methods usually require aquasi-monochromatic laser emission and a precise frequency lockingbetween the emitter and the spectral analyzer to infer the windDoppler shift. These requirements lead to specific laser designs(single mode emission) associated with delicate servo-loops. Thetechnical readiness level (TRL) of such systems remains too low toplan their use in the upcoming Mars missions. The conceptual approachof MARBLL started from this consideration: instead of developingspace-qualified lasers to meet specific system detection requirements,MARBLL concept was led by the idea to design a detection systemmatching the specifications of an existing space-qualified laser(ChemCam) and by the need to guarantee high performances in the harshMartian environment. The mature MARBLL design, which has undergonefive years of Research and Development (R&D), ensures highperformances for a large range of temperature and for any atmosphericcondition (e.g. dust opacity) known to prevail on Mars. The relativedetection method of MARBLL does not require the use of frequencycontrol for both the emitter and the spectral analyzer. MARBLL willbe able to derive wind velocity and orientation with a typicalaccuracy of respectively 0.1 to 10 m/s and 1 to 10◦, a dynamic rangeof ±272 m/s and with a vertical resolution of 50 m up to 1 km withinthe first 5 km above the surface. Aerosol abundance can be retrievedup to 10 km with a vertical resolution ranging from 50 meters to 1500m. Atmospheric dust loading affects MARBLL performances in aquantified way: high dust opacities (>2) reduce the sounding depthcapability by >1 km, but increases SNR in the lowest atmosphericlayers. At the laser wavelength, dust is non-absorbing and allphotons are scattered, maintaining high levels of backscattered fluxeven at high dust opacity. MARBLL thus guarantees that performancesexceed baseline requirements for all dust opacities (from 0.2 to 5),with an optimum estimated around 0.7, lying close to the average dust MARBLL is an optical remote sensing instrument using a maturestate-of- the-art Doppler wind lidar technology specifically designedto operate at the surface of Mars. The instrument includes an emittingdevice (laser) and a spectral analyzer (Mach-Zehnder interferometer).Wind profiling is inferred from the 1064 nm beam emitted by the laserand subsequently backscattered to the telescope by the suspendedaerosols. The received signal has a Doppler shift induced by theradial velocity component of the particles, which is quantified by theinterferometer.Doppler wind lidars (DWL) offer a unique combination of accuracy andspatial resolution making them the most efficient technique to profilewinds in the terrestrial boundary layer (see e.g. Gentry, 2000;Frehlich, 2008). Existing DWL methods usually require aquasi-monochromatic laser emission and a precise frequency lockingbetween the emitter and the spectral analyzer to infer the windDoppler shift. These requirements lead to specific laser designs(single mode emission) associated with delicate servo-loops. Thetechnical readiness level (TRL) of such systems remains too low toplan their use in the upcoming Mars missions. The conceptual approachof MARBLL started from this consideration: instead of developingspace-qualified lasers to meet specific system detection requirements,MARBLL concept was led by the idea to design a detection systemmatching the specifications of an existing space-qualified laser(ChemCam) and by the need to guarantee high performances in the harshMartian environment. The mature MARBLL design, which has undergonefive years of Research and Development (R&D), ensures highperformances for a large range of temperature and for any atmosphericcondition (e.g. dust opacity) known to prevail on Mars. The relativedetection method of MARBLL does not require the use of frequencycontrol for both the emitter and the spectral analyzer. MARBLL willbe able to derive wind velocity and orientation with a typicalaccuracy of respectively 0.1 to 10 m/s and 1 to 10◦, a dynamic rangeof ±272 m/s and with a vertical resolution of 50 m up to 1 km withinthe first 5 km above the surface. Aerosol abundance can be retrievedup to 10 km with a vertical resolution ranging from 50 meters to 1500m. Atmospheric dust loading affects MARBLL performances in aquantified way: high dust opacities (>2) reduce the sounding depthcapability by >1 km, but increases SNR in the lowest atmosphericlayers. At the laser wavelength, dust is non-absorbing and allphotons are scattered, maintaining high levels of backscattered fluxeven at high dust opacity. MARBLL thus guarantees that performancesexceed baseline requirements for all dust opacities (from 0.2 to 5),with an optimum estimated around 0.7, lying close to the average dust MARBLL is an optical remote sensing instrument using a maturestate-of- the-art Doppler wind lidar technology specifically designedto operate at the surface of Mars. The instrument includes an emittingdevice (laser) and a spectral analyzer (Mach-Zehnder interferometer).Wind profiling is inferred from the 1064 nm beam emitted by the laserand subsequently backscattered to the telescope by the suspendedaerosols. The received signal has a Doppler shift induced by theradial velocity component of the particles, which is quantified by theinterferometer.Doppler wind lidars (DWL) offer a unique combination of accuracy andspatial resolution making them the most efficient technique to profilewinds in the terrestrial boundary layer (see e.g. Gentry, 2000;Frehlich, 2008). Existing DWL methods usually require aquasi-monochromatic laser emission and a precise frequency lockingbetween the emitter and the spectral analyzer to infer the windDoppler shift. These requirements lead to specific laser designs(single mode emission) associated with delicate servo-loops. Thetechnical readiness level (TRL) of such systems remains too low toplan their use in the upcoming Mars missions. The conceptual approachof MARBLL started from this consideration: instead of developingspace-qualified lasers to meet specific system detection requirements,MARBLL concept was led by the idea to design a detection systemmatching the specifications of an existing space-qualified laser(ChemCam) and by the need to guarantee high performances in the harshMartian environment. The mature MARBLL design, which has undergonefive years of Research and Development (R&D), ensures highperformances for a large range of temperature and for any atmosphericcondition (e.g. dust opacity) known to prevail on Mars. The relativedetection method of MARBLL does not require the use of frequencycontrol for both the emitter and the spectral analyzer. MARBLL willbe able to derive wind velocity and orientation with a typicalaccuracy of respectively 0.1 to 10 m/s and 1 to 10◦, a dynamic rangeof ±272 m/s and with a vertical resolution of 50 m up to 1 km withinthe first 5 km above the surface. Aerosol abundance can be retrievedup to 10 km with a vertical resolution ranging from 50 meters to 1500m. Atmospheric dust loading affects MARBLL performances in aquantified way: high dust opacities (>2) reduce the sounding depthcapability by >1 km, but increases SNR in the lowest atmosphericlayers. At the laser wavelength, dust is non-absorbing and allphotons are scattered, maintaining high levels of backscattered fluxeven at high dust opacity.

Published
2014

149. Global climate modeling of Saturn's atmosphere: exploration of seasonal variability and stratospheric dynamics

Author

Spiga, Aymeric, Guerlet, Sandrine, Millour, Ehouarn, Sylvestre, Mélody, Fouchet, Thierry, Wordsworth, Robin, Leconte, Jeremy, Forget, François, Hourdin, Frédéric, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2013

150. Submillimeter spectroscopy of Venus's atmosphere with ALMA: CO, HDO and sulfur species

Author

Moullet, Arielle, Moreno, Raphaël, Encrenaz, Thérèse, Lellouch, Emmanuel, Fouchet, Thierry, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2013

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