Author: "Frédéric Smektala" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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101. Experimental observation of infrared spectral enlargement in As 2 S 3 suspended core microstructured fiber

Author: Jean-Charles Jules, Y. Messadeq, Gilles Renversez, Marcin Szpulak, Johann Troles, M. El-Amraoui, Laurent Brilland, Julien Fatome, I. Skripatchev, Bertrand Kibler, Frédéric Smektala, and Grégory Gadret
Subjects: Materials science, Optical fiber, business.industry, Chalcogenide, Chalcogenide glass, law.invention, Core (optical fiber), chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, Zero-dispersion wavelength, chemistry, law, Dispersion (optics), Fiber, business, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract: The development of chalcogenide glasses fibers for application in the infrared wavelength region between 1 and 10 μm is a big opportunity. More particularly, the possibility to generate efficient non linear effects above 2 μm is a real challenge. We present in this work the elaboration and optical characterizations of suspended core microstructured optical fibers elaborated from the As2S3 chalcogenide glass. As an alternative to the stack and draw process a mechanical machining has been used to the elaboration of the preforms. The drawing of these preforms into fibers allows reaching a suspended core geometry, in which a 2.5 μm diameter core is linked to the fiber clad region by three supporting struts. The zero dispersion wavelength is thus shifted towards 2 μm. At 1.55 μm our fibers exhibit a dispersion around -250 ps/nm/km. Their background level of losses is below 0,5 dB/m. By pumping them at 1.55 μm with a ps source, we observe self phase modulation as well as Raman generation. Finally a strong spectral enlargement is obtained with an average output power of - 5 dbm.
Published: 2010

102. Fabrication of low-loss chalcogenide photonic-crystal fi bers by a moulding process

Author: Patrick Houizot, Thierry Chartier, Johann Troles, Julien Fatome, Achille Monteville, Laurent Brilland, Hervé Orain, Gilles Renversez, Frédéric Smektala, Quentin Coulombier, Thierry Pain, Jean-Christophe Sangleboeuf, Thanh Nam Nguyen, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (Perfos), association PERFOS, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), ICB-SLCO, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LAboratoire de Recherche en Mécanique Appliquée (LARMAUR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales ( Perfos ), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut FRESNEL ( FRESNEL ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), LAboratoire de Recherche en Mécanique Appliquée ( LARMAUR ), and Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: Optical fiber, Materials science, business.industry, Chalcogenide, Single-mode optical fiber, Chalcogenide glass, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Supercontinuum, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [ SPI.OPTI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, 010306 general physics, business, Self-phase modulation, Refractive index, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract: conference 7598 " Optical Components and Materials VII ", Topic " Optoelectronic Materials and Devices ", Session 5 " Optical Fibers and Devices II " [7598-22]; International audience; Chalcogenide glasses are known for their large transparency in the mid infrared and their high refractive index (>2). They present also a high non linear refractive index (n2), 100 to 1000 times larger than for silica. An original way to obtain single-mode fibers is to design photonic crystal fibers (PCFs). Until now, chalcogenide PCFs are realized using the stack and draw process. However this technique induces defects, like bubbles, at the capillaries interfaces, causing significant scattering losses. Until now, the best transmission obtained was 3dB/m at 1.55µm. The poor PCF transmission reduces significantly their application potential. So, we present a new efficient method to realize low-loss chalcogenide PCFs. This original method by molding permits to reduce the optical losses down to 1dB/m at 1.55µm and less than 0.5dB/m between 3 and 5µm for an As-Se PCF. Furthermore, this molding method can be used for different compositions. Single mode fibers were realized. Moreover, very small core fibers were realized with this method, obtaining a non linear coefficient of 15 000W-1km-1 with an As-Se PCF. We also observed self phase modulation at 1.55µm on a fiber with a 2.3µm2 mode area.
Published: 2010

103. Strong infrared spectral broadening in low-loss As-S chalcogenide suspended core microstructured optical fibers

Author: Grégory Gadret, Younes Messaddeq, Marcin Szpulak, Jean-Charles Jules, Julien Fatome, Frédéric Smektala, Johann Troles, Laurent Brilland, I. Skripatchev, Bertrand Kibler, Coraline Fortier, Gilles Renversez, Mohammed El-Amraoui, C. F. Polacchini, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), SLCO, Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales ( PERFOS ), association PERFOS, ATHENA ( ATHENA ), Institut FRESNEL ( FRESNEL ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Univ Bourgogne, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Univ Rennes 1, PERFOS, Wroclaw Univ Technol, Univ Aix Marseille, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (PERFOS), ATHENA (ATHENA), Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), ICB Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, UMR 5209 CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS, Université de Rennes I, Institute of Physics, Wroclaw University of Technology, and Institut Fresnel, UMR CNRS 6133, Université d'Aix Marseille
Subjects: All-silica fiber, PHOSFOS, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Optical fiber, Materials science, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, 02 engineering and technology, Microstructured optical fiber, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optics, Double-clad fiber, Zero-dispersion wavelength, law, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, 0210 nano-technology, business, Hard-clad silica optical fiber, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-28T14:10:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000275454100017.pdf: 273411 bytes, checksum: da2aeaea61ab57013d39ecf2456466e3 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:22:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 WOS000275454100017.pdf: 273411 bytes, checksum: da2aeaea61ab57013d39ecf2456466e3 (MD5) WOS000275454100017.pdf.txt: 34647 bytes, checksum: b4efba760b21442eba43e7096f213b3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T15:33:52Z No. of bitstreams: 2 WOS000275454100017.pdf: 273411 bytes, checksum: da2aeaea61ab57013d39ecf2456466e3 (MD5) WOS000275454100017.pdf.txt: 34647 bytes, checksum: b4efba760b21442eba43e7096f213b3e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T15:33:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 WOS000275454100017.pdf: 273411 bytes, checksum: da2aeaea61ab57013d39ecf2456466e3 (MD5) WOS000275454100017.pdf.txt: 34647 bytes, checksum: b4efba760b21442eba43e7096f213b3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-01 Conseil Regional de Bourgogne, the French DGA Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) Agence Nationale de la Recherche European COST We report the fabrication and characterization of the first guiding chalcogenide As(2)S(3) microstructured optical fibers (MOFs) with a suspended core. At 1.55 mu m, the measured losses are approximately 0.7 dB/m or 0.35 dB/m according to the MOF core size. The fibers have been designed to present a zero dispersion wavelength (ZDW) around 2 mu m. By pumping the fibers at 1.55 mu m, strong spectral broadenings are obtained in both 1.8 and 45-m-long fibers by using a picosecond fiber laser. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America Univ Bourgogne, CNRS, UMR 5209, ICB Lab Interdisciplinaire Carnot Bourgogne, F-21078 Dijon, France UNESP, Inst Chem, BR-14801970 Araraquara, SP, Brazil Univ Rennes 1, CNRS, UMR 6226, F-35042 Rennes, France PERFOS, F-22300 Lannion, France Wroclaw Univ Technol, Inst Phys, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland Univ Aix Marseille, CNRS, UMR 6133, Inst Fresnel, F-13397 Marseille, France UNESP, Inst Chem, BR-14801970 Araraquara, SP, Brazil Conseil Regional de Bourgogne, the French DGA: 05.34.053 Agence Nationale de la Recherche: TCOM 016 European COST: 299
Published: 2010

104. Recent advances in chalcogenide holey fibres

Author: Thierry Chartier, Thanh Nam Nguyen, Duc Minh Nguyen, Sy Dat Le, Monique Thual, Dominique Bosc, Khalida Messaad, Laurent Brilland, Nicholas Traynor, Achille Monteville, Patrick Houizot, Frédéric Désévédavy, Quentin Coulombier, Thierry Jouan, Johann Troles, Coraline Fortier, Bertrand Kibler, Stéphane Pitois, Grégory Gadret, Christophe Finot, Frédéric Smektala, Julien Fatome, Gilles Renversez, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (Perfos), association PERFOS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ICB-SLCO, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales ( Perfos ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut FRESNEL ( FRESNEL ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Chartier, Thierry
Subjects: stomatognathic diseases, [SPI.OPTI] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [ SPI.OPTI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic
Abstract: oral
Published: 2010

105. CO2 Detection Using Microstructured Chalcogenide Fibers

Author: Catherine Boussard-Plédel, Frédéric Charpentier, Karine Le Pierres, Quentin Coulombier, N. Thibaud, Laurent Brilland, Patrick Houizot, Johann Troles, Frédéric Smektala, Virginie Nazabal, Gilles Renversez, Bruno Bureau, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (PERFOS), association PERFOS, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Energie (ADEME), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), ATHENA (ATHENA), Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-08-PCO2-0005,OPTIQUE-CO2,Capteurs infrarouges à fibres optiques innovantes appliqués au monitoring du stockage géologique du CO2(2008), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales ( PERFOS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ADEME, Ministère de l'écologie de l'Energie, du Développement durable et de l'Aménagement du territoire, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) ( BRGM ), ATHENA ( ATHENA ), Institut FRESNEL ( FRESNEL ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ANR-08-PCO2-005,ANR-08-PCO2-005, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: PHOSFOS, Optical fiber, Materials science, Absorption spectroscopy, Chalcogenide, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Fiber, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), CO2 detection, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, fiber sensor, mid-infrared, Microstructured optical fiber, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, chalcogenide glasses, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Fiber Evanescent Wave Spectroscopy, chemistry, 13. Climate action, microstructured optical fibers, 0210 nano-technology, business, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract: International audience; In this work, detection in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) of carbon dioxide, so called "greenhouse" gas, using Fiber Evanescent Wave Spectroscopy (FEWS) technique is investigated. Since each pollutant gas shows a characteristic optical absorption spectrum in the mid-infrared, it is possible to detect selectively and quantitatively the presence of gases in a given environment by analysing mid-IR spectra. The main infrared signature of carbon dioxide gas consist in a double absorption peak located at 4.26 μm. Chalcogenide optical fibres, transmitting light in the 1-6 μm range, are well-adapted for CO2 analysis. Thus, tapered and microstructured chalcogenide fibers have especially been designed for CO2 detection. They present low optical losses in the spectral region of the CO2 absorption band. The fabrication of tapered and microstructured fibers is reported. Then, using a tapered fiber the detection limit of CO2 is around 20 vol.%. On the other hand, for the first time to our knowledge, the detection of gas in the mid-infrared is demonstrated with a chalcogenide microstructured fiber.
Published: 2009

106. High second-order nonlinear susceptibility induced in chalcogenide glasses by thermal poling

Author: Alexandre Kudlinski, Frédéric Smektala, Hassina Zeghlache, Gilbert Martinelli, Marie Guignard, Virginie Nazabal, Yves Quiquempois, Laboratoire Verres et Céramiques, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, Sulfide, Chalcogenide, business.industry, Poling, Second-harmonic generation, Nonlinear optics, Chalcogenide glass, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Amorphous solid, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; High second-order susceptibility has been created in a chalcogenide glass from Ge-Sb-S system. A thermal poling process was used to produce this non-linear effect and a second harmonic generation experiment allowed characterizing the phenomenon. A maximum χ(2) value of 8.0±0.5 pm/V was measured for the first time to our best knowledge in sulfide glasses.
Published: 2009

107. Second-harmonic generation of thermally poled chalcogenide glass

Author: Frédéric Smektala, Marie Guignard, Virginie Nazabal, Yves Quiquempois, Alexandre Kudlinski, H. Zeghlache, Gilbert Martinelli, and Johann Troles
Subjects: Optics, Materials science, business.industry, Scanning electron microscope, Electric field, Thermal, Poling, Second-harmonic generation, Chalcogenide glass, business, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract: Second harmonic generation (SHG) has been obtained in a sample of Ga5Ge20Sb10S65 glass submitted to a thermal poling treatment. An original characterization method is used for the determination of the induced second-order nonlinear profile. A reproducible chi(2) susceptibility of 4.4 +/- 0.4 pm/Volt was achieved for specific poling conditions.
Published: 2009

108. Linear and Nonlinear Characterizations of Chalcogenide Photonic Crystal Fibers

Author: K. Messaad, Johann Troles, Julien Fatome, Frédéric Désévédavy, Coraline Fortier, Christophe Finot, Patrick Houizot, Thierry Chartier, Laurent Brilland, Gilles Renversez, Grégory Gadret, Frédéric Smektala, Stéphane Pitois, Thanh Nam Nguyen, Bertrand Kibler, Nicholas Traynor, SLCO, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (PERFOS), association PERFOS, ANR-06-TCOM-0016,FUTUR,Fonctions optiqUes pour les Transmissions à très haUt débit dans le Réseau c&oelig,ur(2006), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut FRESNEL ( FRESNEL ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales ( PERFOS ), ANR-06-TCOM-0016,FUTUR,Fonctions optiqUes pour les Transmissions à très haUt débit dans le Réseau c&oelig,ur ( 2006 ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Kerr effect, Chalcogenide, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Optics, Brillouin scattering, 0103 physical sciences, Dispersion (optics), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Photonic crystal, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Birefringence, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Microstructured optical fiber, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], chemistry, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], business, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, we investigate the linear and nonlinear properties of GeSbS and AsSe chalcogenide photonic crystal fibers. Through several experimental setups, we have measured the second- and third-order chromatic dispersion, the effective area, losses, birefringence, the nonlinear Kerr coefficient as well as Brillouin and Raman scattering properties.
Published: 2009

109. Infrared optical sensor for CO2 detection

Author: Nathalie Thybaud, Hervé Lhermite, Frédéric Smektala, Virginie Nazabal, Joël Charrier, Laurent Brilland, Petr Nemec, Karine Le Pierres, Quentin Coulombier, Catherine Boussard-Plédel, Frédéric Charpentier, Bruno Bureau, Johann Troles, Miloslav Frumar, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut d'Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes ( IETR ), Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes ( INSA Rennes ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Graphic Arts and Photophysics, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University Pardubice, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) ( BRGM ), ADEME - Département des Procédés Industriels et Agricoles, ADEME, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Department of Graphic Arts and Photophysics [University of Pardubice], Faculty of Chemical Technology [University of Pardubice], University of Pardubice-University of Pardubice, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Energie (ADEME), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), and Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: Optical fiber, Materials science, Chalcogenide, Chalcogenide glass, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Waveguide (optics), law.invention, Pulsed laser deposition, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Spectrometer, business.industry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Sputter deposition, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Reference beam, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [ SPI.NANO ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: conference 7366 " Optical Sensors ", session 8 " Chemical Sensors " [7356-36], http://spie.org/optics-optoelectronics.xml; International audience; Among the measures to reduce CO2 emissions, capture and geological storage holds out promise for the future in the fight against climate change. The aim of this project is to develop a remote optical sensor working in the mid-infrared range which will be able to detect and monitor carbon dioxide gas. Thus, chalcogenide glasses, transmitting light in the 1-6 μm range, are matchless materials. The first of our optical device is based on the use of two GeSe4 chalcogenide optical fibers, connected to an FTIR spectrometer and where CO2 gas can flow freely through a 4 mm-spacing between fibers. Such sensor system is fully reversible and the sensitivity threshold is about 0.5 vol.%. Fiber Evanescent Wave Spectroscopy technology was also studied using a microstructured chalcogenide fiber and first tests led at 4.2 μm have provided very promising results. Finally, in order to explore the potentiality of integrated optical structures for microsensor, sulphide or selenide Ge25Sb10S(Se)65 rib waveguide were deposited on Si/SiO2 wafer substrates, using pulsed laser deposition and RF magnetron sputtering deposition methods. The final aim of this study is to develop a rib waveguide adapted for middle-IR including an Y-splitter with a reference beam and sensor beam targeting an accurate CO2 detection.
Published: 2009

110. Demonstration of a reef knot microfiber resonator

Author: Frédéric Smektala, Jean-Charles Jules, Philippe Grelu, Aurélien Coillet, Mohammed El Amraoui, Limin Tong, Guillaume Vienne, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Smektala, Frédéric
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.product_category, Optical fiber, Optical Tweezers, Transducers, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Sensitivity and Specificity, law.invention, 010309 optics, Resonator, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Optics, Knot (unit), law, Oscillometry, 0103 physical sciences, Microfiber, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Quantitative Biology::Populations and Evolution, Fiber Optic Technology, Fiber bundle, Reef, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, geography, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], geography.geographical_feature_category, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Miniaturization, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Equipment Design, Silicon Dioxide, Mathematics::Geometric Topology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Equipment Failure Analysis, Optical cavity, Chalcogens, Computer-Aided Design, Feasibility Studies, business
Abstract: We propose a new way to realize a microfiber optical resonator by implementing the topology of a reef knot using two microfibers. We describe how this structure, which includes 4 ports and can serve as an add-drop filter, can be fabricated. Resonances in an all-silica reef knot are measured and good fits are obtained from a simple resonator model. We also show the feasibility of assembling a hybrid silica-chalcogenide reef knot structure.
Published: 2009

111. Feasibility of Er3+-doped, Ga5Ge20Sb10S65 chalcogenide microstructured optical fiber amplifiers

Author: Francesco Prudenzano, Johann Troles, Laurent Brilland, Frédéric Smektala, Luciano Mescia, M. De Sario, Frédéric Désévéday, Virginie Nazabal, Dipartimento di Elettrotecnica ed Elettronica [Bari] (DEE), Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Ambiente e per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile (DIASS), Dipartimento Ingn Ambiente & Sviluppo Soste, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (PERFOS), association PERFOS, Dipartimento di Elettrotecnica ed Elettronica [Bari] ( DEE ), Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Ambiente e per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile ( DIASS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales ( PERFOS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Optical fiber, Materials science, Optical amplifiers, Chalcogenide, Chalcogenide glass, Rare-earth-doped materials, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Signal, law.invention, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Optical amplifier, business.industry, Amplifier, Microstructured optical fiber, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Fibers, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Wavelength, chemistry, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; The feasibility of a microstructured optical fiber (MOF) amplifier, made of a novel Er3+-doped chalcogenide glass, has been demonstrated via accurate simulations performed by employing an oppositely implemented computer code. The optical and geometrical parameters measured on the first MOF sample together with other physical constants from literature have been taken into account in the simulations. The calculated optical gain of the optimized MOF amplifier, 2.79 m long, is close to 23 dB at the signal wavelength of 1.538 μm, by using a pump power of 200 mW and a signal power of 0.1 μW.
Published: 2009

112. Simulation of mid-IR amplification in Er3+-doped chalcogenide microstructured optical fiber

Author: Brigitte Boulard, M. De Sario, Virginie Moizan, Jean-Louis Doualan, Jean-Luc Adam, Johann Troles, L. Allegretti, Virginie Nazabal, Frédéric Smektala, Guillaume Canat, Francesco Prudenzano, Luciano Mescia, Politecnico di Bari, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique ( CIMAP - UMR 6252 ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen ( ENSICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab ( Palaiseau ), ONERA, Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures ( LDOF ), Le Mans Université ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), plant MIUR plan D.M. 593 8/8/00 prot. 5910 10/07/2003 (FIBLAS) and Galileo 2007, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Finite element method, Materials science, Optical fiber, Chalcogenide, PACS: 42.55.W , 42.81.Q , 42.60.D , 02.70.D, chemistry.chemical_element, Chalcogenide glass, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Inorganic Chemistry, Erbium, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Photonic crystal fiber amplifiers, Rate equations, Spectroscopy, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Amplifier, Organic Chemistry, Rate equation, Microstructured optical fiber, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Wavelength, chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; This paper deals with the design of an erbium doped microstructured optical fiber (MOF) amplifier operating in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) wavelength range, more precisely around 4.5 µm wavelength. A homemade numerical code which solves the rate equations and the power propagation equations has been ad hoc developed to theoretically investigate the feasibility of mid-IR MOF amplifier. On the basis of the measured energy level transition parameters of a Er3+-doped Ga5Ge20Sb10S65 chalcogenide glass, the amplifier feasibility is demonstrated exhibiting high gain and low noise figure.
Published: 2009

113. Chalcogenide Microstructured Fibers for Infrared Systems, Elaboration, Modelization, and Characterization

Author: Gilles Renversez, Quentin Coulombier, Frédéric Désévédavy, Nicholas Traynor, Patrick Houizot, Thanh Nam Nguyen, Frédéric Smektala, Johann Troles, Thierry Chartier, Jean-Luc Adam, Laurent Brilland, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales ( PERFOS ), association PERFOS, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ATHENA ( ATHENA ), Institut FRESNEL ( FRESNEL ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ANR-06-TCOM-0016,FUTUR,Fonctions optiqUes pour les Transmissions à très haUt débit dans le Réseau c&oelig,ur ( 2006 ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (PERFOS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ATHENA (ATHENA), Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-06-TCOM-0016,FUTUR,Fonctions optiqUes pour les Transmissions à très haUt débit dans le Réseau c&oelig,ur(2006), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: Materials science, Optical fiber, Chalcogenide, Glass fiber, Chalcogenide glass, Physics::Optics, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, chalcogenide glass, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, nonlinear materials, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Multi-mode optical fiber, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], microstructured fibers, business.industry, Single-mode optical fiber, single-mode fiber, modeling, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Characterization (materials science), infrared glasses, chemistry, Optoelectronics, fiber drawing, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: special issue " Fiber Optic Research in France " (Part III of III); International audience; Chalcogenide fibers present numerous possible applications in the IR field. For many applications, single mode fibers must be obtained. An original way is the realization of microstructured optical fibers (MOFs) with solid core. These fibers present a broad range of optical properties thanks to the high number of freedom degrees of their geometrical structure. In this context, we have developed MOFs for near and mid IR transmission with different geometries and properties such as multimode or endless single-mode operation, small or large mode area fibers. We have also investigated numerically the main linear properties of such MOFs.
Published: 2009

114. Recent progress on the realization of chalcogenides Photonic Crystal Fibers

Author: Quentin Coulombier, Gilles Renversez, Laurent Brilland, C. Fortier, Patrick Houizot, Johann Troles, Nicholas Traynor, Monique Thual, Thanh Nam Nguyen, Frédéric Smektala, Thierry Chartier, Stéphane Pitois, Bertrand Kibler, Jean-Luc Adam, Frédéric Désévédavy, Christophe Finot, Grégory Gadret, K. Messadd, J. Fatome, Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (PERFOS), association PERFOS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), SLCO, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (Perfos), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales ( PERFOS ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut FRESNEL ( FRESNEL ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales ( Perfos ), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Optical fiber, Materials science, Chalcogenide, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, symbols.namesake, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Fiber, business.industry, Attenuation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, chemistry, symbols, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [ SPI.OPTI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, 0210 nano-technology, business, Raman spectroscopy, Phase modulation, Raman scattering, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract: Topic " Optoelectronic Materials and Devices ", conference 7212 " Optical Components and Materials VI ", session 4 " Passive Fibers " [7212-14]; International audience; In this work, we review recent progress on the realization of chalcogenides Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCFs). We present the fabrication of chalcogenide PCFs with a solid core for three different glass compositions containing a variety of chalcogens. We show that the Stack and Draw technique currently used for silica PCFs can be problematic in the case of chalcogenides glasses. We present correct PCF design enables a significant improvement of final fiber losses. We obtained a lowest attenuation of 3 dB/m at 1.55 µm, of 4.5 dB/m at 3.39 µm and 6 dB/m at 9.3 µm. We also present experimental demonstration of self phase modulation spectral broadening around 1,55 µm. Moreover, we investigate the Brillouin and Raman scattering properties of a GeSbS PCF.
Published: 2009

115. Infrared monitoring of underground CO2 storage using chalcogenide glass fibers

Author: Jean-Luc Adam, Bruno Bureau, Frédéric Charpentier, Karine Michel-Le Pierrès, Johann Troles, Frédéric Smektala, Catherine Boussard-Plédel, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environment French agency (ADEME), national geological survey (BRGM), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) ( BRGM ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB)
Subjects: Optical fiber, Absorption spectroscopy, Infrared, Chalcogenide, Chalcogenide glass, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, Infrared signature, law, 0103 physical sciences, CO2 storage, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Optical path length, business.industry, Attenuation, Global warming, Organic Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry, 13. Climate action, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Optical sensor, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; An optical-fiber-based system suitable for monitoring the presence of carbon dioxide, so-called "greenhouse gas", is investigated. Since each pollutant gas shows a characteristic optical absorption spectrum in the mid-infrared (mid-IR), it is possible to detect selectively and quantitatively the presence of gases in a given environment by analysing mid-IR spectra. The main infrared signature of carbon dioxide gas is a double absorption peak located at 4.2 μm. Chalcogenide optical fibers, which can transmit light in the 1-6 μm range, are well-adapted for CO2 analysis. In this wavelength range, they show attenuation losses that compare favourably with other types of fiber such as silver halide fibers. In this paper, the detection limit of CO2 is established as a function of optical path length. The dynamic parameters of the sensors, such as reversibility, response time and recovery time, are also studied. It is concluded that optical fibers based on chalcogenide glasses could be used to transport infrared light from a black body source to a remote CO2 geological storage zone in order to monitor, in real time, CO2 gas leakage.
Published: 2009

116. Aqueous Corrosion of the GeSe4 Chalcogenide Glass: Surface Properties and Corrosion Mechanism

Author: Jean-Pierre Guin, Abdesselam Abdelouas, Yi-Fan Niu, Johann Troles, Tanguy Rouxel, Frédéric Smektala, LAboratoire de Recherche en Mécanique Appliquée (LARMAUR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LAboratoire de Recherche en Mécanique Appliquée ( LARMAUR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes ( SUBATECH ), Mines Nantes ( Mines Nantes ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB)
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Reaction mechanism, Optical fiber, Materials science, Metallurgy, Hexagonal phase, Nanoparticle, Chalcogenide glass, 02 engineering and technology, Activation energy, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Hardness, law.invention, Corrosion, Chemical engineering, law, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; The aqueous corrosion behavior of the GeSe4 glass composition has been studied over time under various conditions (temperature and pH). The evolution of the surface topography by atomic force microscopy and properties such as surface hardness and reduced modulus, as well as the optical transmission in the 1-16 μm window, have been measured as a function of time spent in the corrosive solution. It was found that even if the glass reacts at room temperature, its optical transparency was barely affected. Nevertheless, the durability of GeSe4 was found to be drastically affected by an increase of both temperature and pH. Furthermore, pure selenium nanoparticles were formed during the corrosion process, and the nature of these nanoparticles--amorphous or crystallized (hexagonal phase)--depends on temperature. A reaction mechanism was proposed, and the activation energy of the reaction of corrosion in deionized water (47 kJ/mol) was determined from an original technique that relies on the temporal optical loss variation of a GeSe4 optical fiber placed in water at different temperatures.
Published: 2009

117. Small-core chalcogenide microstructured fibers for the infrared

Author: Nicholas Traynor, Gilles Renversez, Quentin Coulombier, Johann Troles, Frédéric Smektala, Frédéric Désévédavy, Jean-Luc Adam, Laurent Brilland, Patrick Houizot, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-06-TCOM-0016,FUTUR,Fonctions optiqUes pour les Transmissions à très haUt débit dans le Réseau c&oelig,ur(2006), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut FRESNEL ( FRESNEL ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and ANR-06-TCOM-0016,FUTUR,Fonctions optiqUes pour les Transmissions à très haUt débit dans le Réseau c&oelig,ur ( 2006 )
Subjects: Optical fiber, Materials science, Chalcogenide, Materials Science (miscellaneous), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, law.invention, 010309 optics, Mode field diameter, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, law, pertes, 0103 physical sciences, Fiber, Business and International Management, nonlinéarité, fibres optiques microstructurées, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Attenuation, Microstructured optical fiber, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, infrarouge, verres de chalcogénure, Core (optical fiber), chemistry, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, fibre monomode, 0210 nano-technology, business, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract: International audience; We report several small-core chalcogenide microstructured fibers fabricated by the "Stack & Draw" technique from Ge(15)Sb(20)S(65) glass with regular profiles. Mode field diameters and losses have been measured at 1.55 microm. For one of the presented fibers, the pitch is 2.5 microm, three times smaller than that already obtained in our previous work, and the corresponding mode field diameter is now as small as 3.5 microm. This fiber, obtained using a two step "Stack & Draw" technique, is single-mode at 1.55 microm from a practical point of view. We also report the first measurement of the attenuation between 1 and 3.5 microm of a chalcogenide microstructured fiber. Experimental data concerning fiber attenuation and mode field diameter are compared with calculations. Finally, the origin of fiber attenuation and the nonlinearity of the fibers are discussed.
Published: 2008

118. Fiber-based optical functions for high-bit-rate transmissions

Author: Thierry Chartier, Thanh Nam Nguyen, Laurent Bramerie, Mathilde Gay, Julien Fatome, Stéphane Pitois, Coraline Fortier, Christophe Finot, Frédéric Smektala, Johann Troles, Patrick Houizot, Laurent Brilland, Nicholas Traynor, Benoit Cadier, Thierry Robin, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), SLCO, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales ( Perfos ), association PERFOS, iXFiber SAS, iXCore, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (Perfos), Chartier, Thierry, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: stomatognathic diseases, [SPI.OPTI] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [ SPI.OPTI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic
Abstract: oral
Published: 2008

119. Experimental investigation of Brillouin and Raman scattering in a 2SG sulfide glass microstructured chalcogenide fiber

Author: Guy Millot, Johann Troles, Stéphane Pitois, Patrick Houizot, Frédéric Smektala, Coraline Fortier, Laurent Brilland, Nicholas Traynor, Julien Fatome, Frédéric Désévédavy, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SLCO, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), PERFOS, Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (PERFOS), association PERFOS, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales ( PERFOS )
Subjects: Materials science, Silica fiber, Light, Chalcogenide, Chalcogenide glass, 02 engineering and technology, Sulfides, Spectrum Analysis, Raman, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Optics, Double-clad fiber, Brillouin scattering, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Fiber Optic Technology, Scattering, Radiation, Computer Simulation, business.industry, Microstructured optical fiber, Equipment Design, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Models, Theoretical, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Equipment Failure Analysis, chemistry, Nonlinear Dynamics, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Chalcogens, Glass, business, Hard-clad silica optical fiber, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract: International audience; In this work, we investigate the Brillouin and Raman scattering properties of a Ge15Sb20S65 chalcogenide glass microstructured single mode fiber around 1.55 microm. Through a fair comparison between a 2-m long chalcogenide fiber and a 7.9-km long classical single mode silica fiber, we have found a Brillouin and Raman gain coefficients 100 and 180 larger than fused silica, respectively.
Published: 2008

120. Synthesis and characterization of chalcogenide glasses from the system Ga-Ge-Sb-S and preparation of a single-mode fiber at 1.55 μm

Author: Virginie Moizan, Frédéric Désévédavy, C. Duverger-Arfuso, Frédéric Smektala, J. Troles, Laurent Brilland, Patrick Houizot, Virginie Nazabal, Yi-Fan Niu, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures ( LDOF ), Le Mans Université ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), and Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB)
Subjects: A. Chalcogenides, Materials science, Chalcogenide, A. Glasses, Analytical chemistry, Mineralogy, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Fiber, D. Optical properties, Mechanical Engineering, Single-mode optical fiber, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Composition (combinatorics), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Core (optical fiber), Wavelength, A. Optical materials, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, Glass transition, Refractive index
Abstract: International audience; The aim of this work is to study different compositions in the Ga-Ge-Sb-S system for the definition of two compositions compatible with the elaboration of a single-mode fiber at the 1.55 μm telecom wavelength. The variations of the glass transition temperature (Tg), the dilatation coefficient (α) and the refractive index (n) have been studied for two glasses series: GaxGe25−xSb10S65 (series 1), Ga5Ge25−xSb10S60+x (series 2). This study has lead to the choice of the Ga4Ge21Sb10S65 composition as clad glass for the preparation of the single-mode fiber and Ga5Ge20Sb10S65 composition as the core. The discrepancies for the studied parameters between the core and clad compositions are the following: Δα < 2%, ΔTg < 3% and Δn = 5 × 10−3. Finally a single-mode fiber has been prepared by the rod in tube technique.
Published: 2008

121. Optical and structural properties of new chalcohalide glasses

Author: Gilbert Martinelli, Jean-Luc Adam, H. Zeghlache, Marie Guignard, Georges Boudebs, Alain Moréac, S. Cherukulappurath, Frédéric Smektala, Virginie Nazabal, Yves Quiquempois, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Groupe matière condensée et matériaux (GMCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Propriétés Optiques des Matériaux et Applications (POMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Raman Spectroscopy, Absorption spectroscopy, Non-linear optics, Analytical chemistry, Physics::Optics, 42.70.Km, 42.65.Ky, 78.30.−j, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, symbols.namesake, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), 010302 applied physics, Short-range order, business.industry, Chemistry, Poling, Second-harmonic generation, Nonlinear optics, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Chalcohalides, Ceramics and Composites, symbols, 0210 nano-technology, business, Raman spectroscopy, Refractive index, Visible spectrum
Abstract: International audience; New class of chalcohalide glasses has been prepared in the GeS2-In2S3-CsI system with regard to their potential non-linear properties. The study of glass-forming region was undertaken to select glassy compositions, which present high non-linear (NL) optical properties with a low two-photon absorption. Thermal analyses, structural examination by Raman spectroscopy, non-linear optical measurements were investigated as a function of CsI contents. Introduction of CsI has shifted the band-gap edge towards the blue region of the absorption optical spectrum and therefore has limited the two-photon absorption. Their NL refractive index n2 are 60 times higher than silica glasses without any NL absorption. Moreover, second harmonic signal was observed in thermally poled samples similar to silica glass. However, this second order non-linearity is not temporally stable.
Published: 2008

122. High third and second order non linearities of chalcogenide glasses and fibers for compact infrared non linear devices

Author: Y. Quiquempois, Patrick Houizot, H. Zeghlache, Frédéric Smektala, Gilbert Martinelli, J. Troles, Georges Boudebs, Virginie Nazabal, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Propriétés Optiques des Matériaux et Applications (POMA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des propriétés optiques des matériaux et applications ( LPOMA ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 ( PhLAM ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), and Smektala, Frédéric
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, Optical fiber, Optical glass, Chalcogenide, Infrared, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Second-harmonic generation, Order (ring theory), [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Nonlinear system, chemistry, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Refractive index
Abstract: Due to their intrinsic nature, chalcogenide glasses present attractive nonlinearities from third and second order, with values reaching between 10 and 1000 times those of silica. We present a study of their properties and their shaping with the purpose to reach efficient devices in the near-mid infrared.
Published: 2008

123. Experimental investigation of Brillouin and Raman scattering in a Ge15Sb20S65 microstructured chalcogenide fiber

Author: J. Fatome, Guy Millot, Nicholas Traynor, Frédéric Désévédavy, J. Troles, Coraline Fortier, Stéphane Pitois, Laurent Brilland, Frédéric Smektala, and Patrick Houizot
Subjects: Materials science, Optical fiber, Scattering, business.industry, Chalcogenide, law.invention, Brillouin zone, symbols.namesake, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, chemistry, Brillouin scattering, law, symbols, Optoelectronics, Fiber, business, Raman spectroscopy, Raman scattering
Abstract: We investigate the Brillouin and Raman properties of a Ge15Sb20S65 chalcogenide microstructured fiber around 1550 nm. We have found Brillouin and Raman gain coefficients 100 and 180 larger than fused silica.
Published: 2008

124. Er3+-doped GeGaSbS glasses for mid-IR fibre laser application: Synthesis and rare earth spectroscopy

Author: Guillaume Canat, Virginie Nazabal, Stéphane Pitois, Grégory Gadret, Jean-Louis Doualan, Richard Moncorgé, Johann Troles, Jean-Luc Adam, Virginie Moizan, Frédéric Smektala, Patrick Houizot, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab ( Chatillon ), ONERA, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique ( CIMAP - UMR 6252 ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen ( ENSICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: Materials science, Chalcogenide glasses, Infrared, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Inorganic Chemistry, Erbium, Optics, Optical fibres, Fiber laser, 0103 physical sciences, Radiative transfer, Emission spectrum, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Mid-infrared, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Organic Chemistry, Far-infrared laser, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, 42.70.Km, 42.55.Wd, 61.43.Fs, chemistry, Spectroscopic properties, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; With an infrared transparency extended to 10 µm, low multiphonon relaxation rates and suitable rare earth solubility, sulphide glasses in the Ge-Ga-Sb-S system allow radiative emission from rare earth ions in the mid-IR range. The Er3+ ion, widely studied in glass fibres for optical amplification at 1.5 µm, presents an interesting transition for mid-IR applications around 4.5 µm (4I9/2→ 4I11/2). Thus, the aim of this work is to evaluate the Er3+-doped Ge20Ga5Sb10S65 glass as a potential fibre laser source operating in the 3-5 µm mid-IR spectral region. For that purpose, absorption and emission spectra were recorded from visible to mid-IR and the radiative lifetimes of the involved excited levels (4I9/2, 4I11/2 and 4I13/2) were determined. Experimental results were compared with those obtained from a Judd-Ofelt analysis based on the absorption cross-sections of all observable transitions. The 4I9/2 radiative quantum efficiency was estimated to be 64% and the emission cross-section at 4.6 µm was found equal to 2.85 X 10-21 cm2. Core only and core/clad Er3+-doped Ge20Ga5Sb10S65 glass fibres were successfully drawn with minimum optical losses of about 1.5 and 10 dB/m at 5.2 and 3.5 µm, respectively. Fluorescence signals in the mid-IR (at 2.7 and 4.6 µm) were clearly observed with both fibres.
Published: 2008

125. Chalcogenide Glasses Based on Germanium Disulfide for Second Harmonic Generation

Author: Jean-Luc Adam, Hassina Zeghlache, Frédéric Smektala, Virginie Nazabal, Yves Quiquempois, C. Duverger, Gilbert Martinelli, Odile Bohnke, Marie Guignard, Alexandre Kudlinski, Alain Moréac, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures ( LDOF ), Le Mans Université ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Groupe matière condensée et matériaux ( GMCM ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 ( PhLAM ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Groupe matière condensée et matériaux (GMCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Chalcogenide, Analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, Charge transport, electrical, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, law.invention, Germanium sulfides, 010309 optics, Biomaterials, chemistry.chemical_compound, symbols.namesake, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electrochemistry, Conductivity, Glasses, Poling, Second-harmonic generation, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Nonlinear optical materials, Second harmonic generation, Germanium disulfide, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Cathode, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Anode, chemistry, Glass Poling, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, symbols, Defects, 0210 nano-technology, Raman spectroscopy, Chalcogenides
Abstract: International audience; High second-order susceptibilities are created by thermal poling in bulk germanium disulfide based chalcogenide glasses. Experimental conditions of the poling treatment (temperature, voltage, time) were optimized for each glass composition. The second-order nonlinear signals were recorded by using the Maker fringes experiment and a second-order coefficient χ(2) up to 8 pm V-1 was measured in the Ge25Sb10S65 glass. This value is obtained using a simulation based on accurate knowledge of the thickness of the nonlinear layer. Two mechanisms are proposed to explain the creation of a nonlinear layer under the anode: the formation and the migration of charged defects towards the anode may mainly occur in Ge20Ga5Sb10S65 and Ge25Ga5S70 glasses, whereas the migration of Na+ ions towards the cathode may be responsible for the accumulation of negative charges under the anode in Ge33S67 and Ge25Sb10S65 glasses. Different electronic conductivity behaviors seem to be at the origin of the phenomenon. In parallel, the potential effect of the poling treatment on the structural and electronic properties is studied using Raman spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy measurements.
Published: 2007

126. Photonic crystal fibers from chalcogenide glasses for the mid infrared

Author: Frédéric Smektala, Frédéric Desevedavy, Grégory Gadret, Stéphane Pitois, Laurent Brilland, Patrick Houizot, Johann Troles, Gilles Renversez, Jean-Charles Jules, Sophie Salaun, Nicholas Traynor, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (PERFOS), association PERFOS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales ( PERFOS ), Verres et céramiques ( VC ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ), Institut FRESNEL ( FRESNEL ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Klein, Sandra, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Smektala, Frédéric
Subjects: [CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2007

127. Chalcogenide Photonic Crystal Fibers for Near and Middle Infrared Applications

Author: Frédéric Désévédavy, Frédéric Smektala, Laurent Brilland, Patrick Houizot, Johann Troles, and Nicholas Traynor
Subjects: Optical fiber, Materials science, Chalcogenide, business.industry, Single-mode optical fiber, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, chemistry, law, Fiber, Step-index profile, business, Photonic crystal, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract: Chalcogenide glasses are based on sulphur, selenium, tellurium and the addition of other elements such as arsenic, germanium, antimony, gallium, etc. Chalcogenide fibers present numerous applications in the IR field, such as telecommunication at 1.55 mum, spectroscopy and military systems in the two atmospherics windows (3-5 mum and 8-12 mum). One of the interests of chalcogenide glasses is to associate high non linear properties with their Infrared transmission from 0.51 mum to 12-18 mum depending on the composition. Indeed, chalcogenide glasses present high third order optical properties, 100 - 1000 times as high as the non linearity of silica glass at 1.55 mum. For many applications, single mode fibers must be obtained. The first way studied is the preparation of classical step index fiber with a core clad structure. This way considers two glass compositions (core clad) with compatible thermal and optical properties. The second way more original, is the realisation of microstructured fibers. Holey fibers have a broad range of optical properties thanks to their structures. In this context, we have developed microstructured fibers for mid IR transmission with different geometries and properties: multimode, endlessy single-mode, small and large mode area. We work also on the improvement of the transmission properties by chemical and physical purifications of the glasses. For the 3-5 mum window, we have studied the 2S1G glass composed with sulphur, antimony and germanium. For the 8-2 mum window, we study the TAS glass composed with tellurium, arsenic and selenium. For the first time to our knowledge, a microstructured fiber in 2S1G glass has been characterised at 1.55 mum and 3.39 mum and a microstructured fiber in TAS glass has been obtained.
Published: 2007

128. Advances in the elaboration of chalcogenide photonic crystal fibers for the mid infrared

Author: Johann Troles, Nicholas Traynor, Frédéric Désévédavy, Laurent Brilland, Patrick Houizot, Frédéric Smektala, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (PERFOS), association PERFOS, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales ( PERFOS )
Subjects: Raman amplification, Optical fiber, Materials science, Chalcogenide, Chalcogenide glass, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, law.invention, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Photonic crystal, business.industry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Supercontinuum, chemistry, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract: International audience; Chalcogenide glasses present several original properties when being compared to the reference silica glass. They are very non linear, hundred to thousand times more non linear than the standard silica, they are very transparent in the infrared, until 10 μm to 20 μm depending on their composition, and they can be drawn into optical fibers. Thus, the case of chalcogenide photonic crystal fibers (PCF) is of particular interest. Indeed, the effective modal area is adjustable in PCF thanks to geometrical parameters. Then chalcogenide microstructured fibers with small mode area could lead to huge non linear photonic devices in the infrared by the combination of the intrinsic non linearity of these glasses with the non linearity induced by the PCF. Chalcogenide photonic crystal fibers offer therefore a great potential for applications in the fields of Raman amplification or Raman lasers and supercontinuum generation in the mid infrared until at least 5 μm. The possibility to design PCF exhibiting a working range in the mid infrared and more specifically in the 1-6 μm wavelength range opens also perspectives in the optical detection of chemical or biochemical species. This contribution presents the advances in the elaboration of such chalcogenide photonic crystal fibers.
Published: 2007

129. Manifestation of electron-phonon interactions in IR-induced second harmonic generation in a sulphide glass-ceramic with β-GeS2 microcrystallites

Author: Xianghua Zhang, Johann Troles, Georges Boudebs, I.V. Kityk, Marie Guignard, Frédéric Smektala, Virginie Nazabal, Bouchta Sahraoui, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Propriétés Optiques des Matériaux et Applications (POMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Phonon, Infrared, Non-linear optics, 02 engineering and technology, Laser pumping, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 42.70.kY, 010302 applied physics, Condensed matter physics, Anharmonicity, Second-harmonic generation, Nonlinear optics, Second harmonic generation, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Wavelength, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; The non-linear optical response of sulphide glass-containing β-GeS2 microcrystallites, has been studied at a fundamental wavelength of λ=5.5 μm under additional irradiation by IR-pulses of λ=3.7 μm. A substantial increase of the non-linear susceptibility with IR-power and size of the microcrystallites has been found. Molecular dynamics calculations linked to quantum chemical calculations show that this effect could be explained by substantial contributions of the microcrystallite interfaces and due to the phonon sub-system. The role of anharmonic electron-phonon effects is experimentally confirmed by the observation of an optimal delay of 8 ps between the pump laser pulses at 3.7 μm and the probing laser pulses at 5.5 μm, which generate the observed second harmonic signal.
Published: 2007

130. Mid-infrared fiber laser application: Er3+-doped chalcogenide glasses

Author: Jean-Louis Doualan, Guillaume Canat, Patrick Houizot, Richard Moncorge, Virginie Nazabal, Frédéric Smektala, Virginie Moizan, Jean-Luc Adam, Johann Troles, Jean-Pierre Cariou, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique ( CIMAP - UMR 6252 ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen ( ENSICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab ( Chatillon ), ONERA, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: Materials science, Chalcogenide, Infrared, Analytical chemistry, Chalcogenide glass, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, Fiber laser, 0103 physical sciences, Radiative transfer, Emission spectrum, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), business.industry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, chemistry, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; Mid-infrared (IR) lasers are of interest for a variety of applications including environmental sensing, LIDAR and military counter measures. However, this wavelength range lacks powerful, coherent, robust and compact sources. A solution can lie in chalcogenide glasses as host materials for rare earth ions. With an extended infrared transparency, low phonon energy limiting the non radiative multiphonon relaxation rates and suitable rare earth solubility, sulfide glasses based on Ge-Ga-Sb-S system make available radiative transitions in the mid-IR range. The glasses with nominal composition of Ge20Ga5Sb10S65 doped with Er3+ (500 to 10000 ppm) were prepared by means of conventional melting and quenching method. The Er3+, widely studied in glass fibers for near-IR amplification, was initially selected for the transition 4I9/2 to 4I11/2 emitting at around 4.5 μm in order to demonstrate the ability of this sulfide composition for midinfrared fiber lasers application. In these objectives, absorption and emission spectra have been recorded and the radiative decay lifetime of excited levels (4I9/2, 4I11/2 and 4I13/2) has been determined. These last experimental results were compared with those obtained by Judd-Ofelt model from absorption cross-sections of all observable transitions. Therefore, the 4I9/2 radiative quantum efficiency was estimated at 67 %. The emission cross-section was 2.6x10-21 cm2 at 4.6 μm obtained by FÃ¼tchbauer-Ladenburg theory. The product of measured lifetime and emission cross-section for 4I9/2 -> 4I11/2 transition is about 1.87x10-24 cm2.s is comparable with that for GaLaS glasses. The fiber drawing of the Er3+ doped Ge20Ga5Sb10S65 glasses and measurements of optical losses in mid-IR are currently in progress and first results were presented.
Published: 2007

131. Crystalline phase responsible for the permanent second-harmonic generation in chalcogenide glass-ceramics

Author: Virginie Nazabal, Yves Quiquempois, Hassina Zeghlache, Gilbert Martinelli, Marie Guignard, Frédéric Smektala, Alexandre Kudlinski, Stanislas Pechev, Alain Moréac, Xianghua Zhang, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Groupe matière condensée et matériaux (GMCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Infrared glass-ceramics, Chalcogenide glasses, Chalcogenide, Analytical chemistry, Chalcogenide glass, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Inorganic Chemistry, symbols.namesake, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, law, Phase (matter), 0103 physical sciences, NanoSIMS, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Crystallization, Spectroscopy, 010302 applied physics, Second- harmonic generation, Transparent ceramics, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry, Volume fraction, Raman spectroscopy, symbols, Crystallite, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; Permanent second-harmonic generation (SHG) has been demonstrated in chalcogenide based glass-ceramics containing non-linear micro-crystals with a size of a few micrometers. A glass composition from the Ge-Sb-S system was chosen as the reference glass for its stability against crystallization and atmospheric corrosion. Metallic cadmium was introduced in this matrix to promote crystallite formation resulting in infrared transparent glass-ceramics. A volume crystallization of β-GeS2 phase was obtained within the glass media by heating the glass samples at 370 °C for different durations. The glass-ceramics were then investigated by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and NanoSIMS. The second-order non-linear signals were recorded by using Maker fringes experiment and were studied as a function of the crystallized volume fraction. The results indicated a non-linearity in chalcogenide glass-ceramics about one hundred times lower than α-quartz for a 1 mm thick sample heat treated 144 h.
Published: 2007

132. Analysis of rare-earth ion spatial distribution in fluorophosphate glasses in terms of segregation phenomenon

Author: G. O. Karapetyan, A. M. Mironov, Jean-Luc Adam, T. V. Bocharova, Frédéric Smektala, N. O. Tagil’tseva, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Photoluminescence, A. Glasses, Rare earth, Analytical chemistry, Mineralogy, 02 engineering and technology, Spatial distribution, 01 natural sciences, Ion, symbols.namesake, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Rayleigh scattering, 010306 general physics, D. Optical properties, Chemistry, Scattering, Doping, D. Luminescence, General Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Phosphate, symbols, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The study deals with complex investigation of segregation phenomenon of Eu 3 + ( 1.0 mol % EuF 3 ) and Tb 3 + ions ( 1.2 mol % TbF 3 ) in Ba ( PO 3 ) 2 – MgCaSrBaAl 2 F 14 glasses, by using photoluminescence methods, followed by Rayleigh and Mandelstam–Brillouin scattering (RMBS) measurements. It is shown that the local environment of rare-earth ions depends on the ratio of rare-earth concentration and phosphate component content. The results are interpreted in terms of doping-ion segregation model.
Published: 2007

133. Performance evaluation of Er3+-doped chalcogenide microstructured optical fiber amplifiers

Author: Francesco Prudenzano, Frédéric Désévédavy, Patrick Houizot, Frédéric Smektala, Luciano Mescia, J. Troles, and Marco De Sario
Subjects: Optical fiber, Materials science, business.industry, Chalcogenide, Amplifier, Fiber amplifiers, Modeling, Optical computing, Microstructured optical fiber, law.invention, Holey fibers, Optical pumping, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, chemistry, law, Rare earth, Fiber, business, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract: The feasibility of an Er3+-doped chalcogenide microstructured optical fiber amplifier has been demonstrated via accurate simulations performed by employing an appositely refined, home made, computer code. The optical and geometrical parameters measured on the first samples of microstructured optical fibers together with other physical constants taken by literature are considered in the simulation. The calculated optical gain of the amplifier, made of an Er3+-doped chalcogenide microstructured fiber 2.64 m long, is close to 19.70 dB in the small signal operation, by using a pump power of 200 mW.
Published: 2006

134. Recent advances in the development of chalcogenide photonic crystal fibers

Author: Frédéric Smektala, Laurent Brilland, Gilles Renversez, Thierry Chartier, Thanh Nam Nguyen, Nicholas Traynor, Achille Monteville, Johann Troles, Thierry Jouan, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (PERFOS), association PERFOS, Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales ( PERFOS ), Institut FRESNEL ( FRESNEL ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON ( FOTON ), Télécom Bretagne-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie ( ENSSAT ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Smektala, Frédéric
Subjects: [CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2006

135. Characterization of new sulfur and selenium based glasses containing lead iodine

Author: Frédéric Smektala, Yoann Jestin, Sylvain Danto, Johann Troles, Lilian Begoin, Marie Guignard, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Photon Band Gap Fibers & Devices Grp, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Institut de minéralogie et de physique des milieux condensés (IMPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Verres et Céramiques, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), French Delegation Générale de l'Armement (DGA), Bretagne and the Pays de Loire French regions, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( MIT ), Institut de minéralogie et de physique des milieux condensés ( IMPMC ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Molar concentration, Thermal properties, genetic structures, Chalcogenide, Iodide, Inorganic chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Mineralogy, 02 engineering and technology, Absorption, chemistry.chemical_compound, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Polarizability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Materials Chemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, chemistry.chemical_classification, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Sulfur, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Characterization (materials science), chemistry, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, Glass formation, sense organs, 42.70.Km, 81.70.Pg, 81.05.Kf, 0210 nano-technology, Glass transition, Selenium, Chalcogenides
Abstract: International audience; The aim of this work is to investigate and qualify vitreous regions in new chalcogenide systems containing highly polarizable elements like S, Se, As, Sb, Bi, Pb and I. The sulfur based system, As2S3-Sb2S3-Bi2S3-PbI2, as well as the selenium containing glasses As2Se3-Sb2Se3-PbI2 have been studied. Large vitreous regions have been defined in the both systems: sulfur and selenium. Indeed, several glass compositions can accept in the vitreous network a molar concentration near 50% of PbI2. Physical properties such as glass transition temperature, crystallization temperature, optical transmission, band-gap wavelength have been measured versus glassy compositions.
Published: 2006

136. Recent advances in the development of holey optical fibers based on sulfide glasse

Author: S. Danto, Thanh Nam Nguyen, Nicholas Traynor, Thierry Chartier, Laurent Brilland, Y. F. Niu, Johann Troles, T. Jouan, Frédéric Smektala, Laboratoire Verres et Céramiques, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plate-Forme d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Fibres Optiques Spéciales (PERFOS), association PERFOS, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: All-silica fiber, Optical fiber, Materials science, Chalcogenide, Chalcogenide glass, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, law.invention, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Optics, Zero-dispersion wavelength, law, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Photonic crystal, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, chemistry, business, Hard-clad silica optical fiber, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract: conference 6128 " Photonic Crystal Materials and Devices IV ", topic " Nanotechnologies in Photonics ", session 6 " Photonic Crystal Fibers ", [6128-19]; International audience; Microstructured optical fibers as new optical objects have been developed in the recent past years, firstly from silica glass and then from other oxide glasses such as tellurite or different heavy cations oxide glasses. However very few results have been reported concerning non-oxide glasses and more particularly chalcogenide glasses. In a photonic crystal fiber the arrangement of air holes along the transverse section of the fiber around a solid glassy core leads to unique optical properties, such as for example broadband single-mode guidance, adjustable dispersion, nonlinear properties. Since the effective modal area is adjustable thanks to geometrical parameters, chalcogenide microstructured fibers with small mode area are of interest for nonlinear components because of the intrinsic non linearity of chalcogenide glasses, several order of magnitude above these of the reference silica glass (100 to 1000 times the non linearity of silica glass). On the other hand, chalcogenide holey fibers with large mode area are of interest for infrared power transmission, in a wavelength range out of reach of silica fibers, and more particularly in the 3-5 μm atmospheric window. The aim of this paper is to present more specifically the recent results that have been achieved in the elaboration, light guidance and characterization of photonic crystal fibers from the sulfide Ge20Ga5Sb10S65 glass, which presents a large transparency window from 600 nm to 11 μm.
Published: 2006

137. A family of far infrared transmitting glasses in the GaGeTe system for space applications

Author: Danto, S., Patrick Houizot, Catherine Boussard-Pledel, H Zhang, X., Frédéric Smektala, Lucas Jacques, Photon Band Gap Fibers & Devices Grp, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Smektala, Frédéric, Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( MIT ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), and Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB)
Subjects: [CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2006

138. Second-harmonic generation improvement in sulfide glasses

Author: Alexandre Kudlinski, Gilbert Martinelli, Virginie Nazabal, Yves Quiquempois, H. Zeghlache, Johann Troles, Frédéric Smektala, and Marie Guignard
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, Sulfide, business.industry, Chalcogenide, Poling, Analytical chemistry, Second-harmonic generation, Chalcogenide glass, Nonlinear optics, Space charge, Anode, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, chemistry, business
Abstract: Second harmonic generation was obtained with an interesting efficiency in thermally poled sulfide glass. The best results obtained to date for chalcogenide glasses were on a Ge-Sb-S system thanks to an adapted treatment of thermal poling. The poling parameters like temperature (100-310 °C). applied voltage (2.5-4 kV) and duration (5-60min) were explored. A large NL second-order susceptibility X (2) of about 10 ± 0.5 pm/V was measured. The nonlinear susceptibility profile as a function of the depth under the anode for Ge 25 Sb 10 S 65 poled glass was determined using the analyze of remained second harmonic signal during the NaOH etching treatment. In parallel. a study of the concentration variation of elements being able to be involved in the formation of a charge space was achieved by using the secondary ion mass spectroscopy.
Published: 2005

139. Fabrication and characterization of new Er3+ doped niobium borophosphate glass fiber

Author: Thierry Cardinal, Alfons Schulte, Laëtitia Petit, Thierry Jouan, Kathleen Richardson, Frédéric Smektala, Jean-Jacques Videau, Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The College of Optics and Photonics [Orlando] (CREOL), University of Central Florida [Orlando] (UCF), School of Material Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Department of Physics, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)
Subjects: Materials science, Optical fiber, Glass fiber, Niobium, Physics::Optics, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Erbium, symbols.namesake, law, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Fiber, Crystallization, Spectroscopy, Raman, 010302 applied physics, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 3. Good health, Niobium borophosphate, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, symbols, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Raman spectroscopy
Abstract: Optical fibers are drawn from niobium borophosphate preforms and characterized by Raman and micro-luminescence spectroscopy. Un-doped and erbium doped materials have been investigated. Raman spectroscopy has been used to characterize the structure of the preform and of the fiber. The spectra show that the fiber exhibits the same structure as the preform while no crystallization could be detected. This result has been confirmed by micro-luminescence measurement of the emission spectra of Er3+ ions in the visible, after excitation at 488 nm.
Published: 2005

140. Third-order nonlinearities of sulfur and selenide glasses at telecommunication wavelengths

Author: Vincent Couderc, Johann Troles, Frédéric Smektala, Thierry Jouan, Patrick Houizot, Pierre-Alain Champert, Sudir Cherukulappurath, and Georges Boudebs
Subjects: Optical fiber, Materials science, Infrared, business.industry, Chalcogenide, Single-mode optical fiber, Physics::Optics, Chalcogenide glass, Mach–Zehnder interferometer, Laser, Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, chemistry, law, Telecommunications, business, Refractive index
Abstract: Infrared chalcogenide glasses are studied with respect to their non linear optical properties. These glasses are sulfur or selenide glasses synthesized in the binary or ternary systems of the Ge-As-S-Se family and are transparent from the end of the visible region to wavelengths above 10 μm depending on the composition. The non linear optical characteristics are firstly determined through a spatially resolved Mach Zender interferometer with the help of a Nd-YAG laser at 1064 nm. Non linearities three order of magnitude above the non linearity of silica glass are achieved. Then, the non linear imaging technique has been used to characterize the glasses at the telecommunication wavelength of 1.55μm. This one shot technique has allow us to obtain values for the non linear refractive index n2 as high as 14 10-18 m2/W. The non linear absorption at 1.55 μm has also been evaluated and is below 1 cm/GW for all the glasses. These third order non linear optical properties make these glasses suitable candidates for integrated ultra fast all optical devices. On the basis of the GeSe4 vitreous composition, an optical fiber, single mode at 1.55 μm, is achieved.
Published: 2004

141. Experimental evidence of positive and negative nonlinear refractive index change in As/sub 2/Se/sub 3

Author: François Sanchez, Hervé Leblond, Frédéric Smektala, Georges Boudebs, S. Cherukulappurath, J. Troles, Laboratoire de Photonique d'Angers (LPHIA), Université d'Angers (UA), Propriétés Optiques des Matériaux et Applications (POMA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thales Alenia Space [Toulouse] (TAS), THALES [France], Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Thales Alenia Space (TAS), THALES, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), and Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Chalcogenide, business.industry, Dephasing, Physics::Optics, Nonlinear optics, Laser, Mach–Zehnder interferometer, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optical pumping, chemistry.chemical_compound, Interferometry, Optics, chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, business, Refractive index, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: In this paper we present spatially resolved experimental observations of simultaneous presence of positive and negative nonlinear dephasing response in chalcogenide optical glass As/sub 2/Se/sub 3/. The technique is based on a pump/probe experiment using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer combined with a CCD camera where only one laser shot is needed to obtain a great number of measurement. The positive and negative nonlinear refractive index change in As/sub 2/Se/sub 3/ is discussed.
Published: 2004

142. Chalcogenide glasses as solid state optical limiters at 1.064 μm

Author: André Monteil, Jacques Lucas, Johann Troles, Bruno Bureau, Georges Boudebs, Frédéric Smektala, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Photonique d'Angers (LPHIA), Université d'Angers (UA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB)
Subjects: Materials science, Chalcogenide, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, 01 natural sciences, Two-photon absorption, law.invention, 010309 optics, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Transmittance, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Spectroscopy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], business.industry, Organic Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry, Attenuation coefficient, Picosecond, 0210 nano-technology, business, Refractive index
Abstract: Chalcogenide glasses present high values for third-order non-linear optical properties, i.e., high non-linear refractive indices (800 times as high as the non-linearity of silica glass at 1.064 μm) and a high non-linear absorption coefficient, which can reach more than 5 cm/GW. We study here the optical limiting properties of several chalcogenide glasses at 1.064 μm with a picosecond pulsed Nd:YAG laser and we observed a real optical limiting behavior. In the case of GeAs2Se2, glass for example, the decrease of the transmitted intensity is around 75% compared to the theoretical linear transmission, for incident pulses of 5 GW/cm2. The comparison between the theoretical non-linear transmission induced by the two photon absorption effect and the experimental non-linear transmittance shows that the optical limiting properties are mainly due to non-linear absorption.
Published: 2004

143. Non linear refractive indices measurements by interferometry techniques

Author: C. Duverger, André Monteil, Johann Troles, Frédéric Smektala, François Sanchez, Georges Boudebs, and Brigitte Boulard
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Chalcogenide, Measure (physics), Physics::Optics, Chalcogenide glass, Improved method, Mach–Zehnder interferometer, Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Nonlinear system, chemistry.chemical_compound, Interferometry, Optics, chemistry, business, Refractive index
Abstract: We present an improved method to measure the third order nonlinearity of materials. The principle is based on a pump/probe experiment using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer coupled to a CCD camera. Experiments are performed with fluoride glasses (PZG) and chalcogenide glasses. A comparison with the nonlinear coefficients obtained with the Z-scan technique is done and has led us to improve the detailed analysis of the Z-scan technique.
Published: 2003

144. Experimental and theoretical study of higher-order nonlinearities in chalcogenide glasses

Author: Johann Troles, Hervé Leblond, S. Cherukulappurath, Georges Boudebs, Frédéric Smektala, François Sanchez, Laboratoire de Photonique d'Angers (LPHIA), Université d'Angers (UA), Propriétés Optiques des Matériaux et Applications (POMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Thales Alenia Space (TAS), THALES, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thales Alenia Space [Toulouse] (TAS), THALES [France], Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB)
Subjects: Chalcogenide, Mach–Zehnder interferometer, 01 natural sciences, Two-photon absorption, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, symbols.namesake, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], business.industry, Nonlinear optics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Quintic function, Interferometry, Nonlinear system, Fourier transform, chemistry, symbols, business
Abstract: We investigate experimentally and theoretically the nonlinear properties of two distinct chalcogenide glasses. Nonlinearities are measured through a spatially resolved Mach–Zehnder interferometer. It is shown that the resulting nonlinear index coefficient cannot be correctly described with the usual cubic model. A more convenient theory is developed assuming a medium with two-photon nonlinear absorption and both cubic ( n 2 ) and quintic ( n 4 ) nonlinear index variations. The resulting closed-form expression for the effective nonlinear index coefficient allows to extract the cubic and quintic index coefficients.
Published: 2003

145. All-optical poling of chalcohalogenide and lead-salt silicate glasses

Author: V. Gouderc, E. Lopez-Lago, Alain Barthélémy, Laurent Griscom, and Frédéric Smektala
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Poling, Physics::Optics, Laser, Waveguide (optics), law.invention, Wavelength, Optics, law, Glass Poling, Harmonic, Seeding, business, Excitation
Abstract: Summary form only given. It has already demonstrated that a second order SHG nonlinearity may be induced by all-optical means in centrosymmetric materials. The writing process has been later on speed up by simultaneous excitation of the material with high intensity laser pulses at both the fundamental and the harmonic wavelength (the so-called "seeding technique").. In this paper we present the results of our experiments on the all-optical poling of a chalcohalogenide glass and we make a comparison with the behaviors and performance obtained with a commercial lead-salt glass (Schott SFS7).
Published: 2002

146. Net gain of 15.5 dB from a 5.1 cm long Er/sup 3+/-doped phosphate glass fiber

Author: Karine Seneschal, S. Jianga, Tao Luo, Jacques Lucas, Frédéric Smektala, N. Peyghambarian, Seppo Honkanen, and Bor-Chyuan Hwang
Subjects: All-silica fiber, Materials science, Optical fiber, business.industry, Plastic-clad silica fiber, technology, industry, and agriculture, law.invention, Optics, law, Fiber laser, Net gain, Dispersion-shifted fiber, Optoelectronics, business, Plastic optical fiber, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract: New erbium-doped phosphate glasses and fibers were fabricated. A net gain of 15.5 dB at 1535 was achieved from 5.1 cm long fiber, which represents the highest gain per unit length for fiber amplifiers to the best of our knowledge.
Published: 2002

147. Optical properties of Tm3+ions in GeGaSSb glasses

Author: Stephan Guy, Frédéric Smektala, Jenny Le Person, Anne-Marie Jurdyc, Gabriel Rault, Jean-Luc Adam, and W. Meffre
Subjects: Optical amplifier, chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, Sulfide, Phonon, Doping, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Ion, chemistry.chemical_compound, Thulium, chemistry, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Fluoride
Abstract: Tm 3+ are new candidates for optical amplifiers in the 1.5micrometers region, the S band. For the moment, Tm 3+ -doped Fibers Amplifiers (TDFA) h ave been studied in fluoride matrices because of the lowest phonon energy of this glasses compared to the silica ones. We proposed to evaluate the spectroscopic potential of this ion in sulfide GeGaSSb glasses where the phonon energy is around 350cm -1 . Absorption and emission cross sections were measured. Lifetime measurements were carried out. Results were compared with the Judd-Ofelt calculations.
Published: 2002

148. Third and second order nonlinear optical properties of Ge-Se-S-As chalcogenide glasses

Author: Gilbert Martinelli, Alain Barthélémy, Vincent Couderc, Yves Quiquempois, Hassina Zeghlache, Georges Boudebs, Johann Troles, Frédéric Smektala, Stephane Bailleux, and François Sanchez
Subjects: Materials science, Chalcogenide, business.industry, Poling, Second-harmonic generation, Chalcogenide glass, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, chemistry, Mode-locking, Figure of merit, Z-scan technique, business, Refractive index
Abstract: Chalcogenide glasses in the [Ge-Se-S-As] system have been synthesized and studied with respect to their nonlinear optical properties from third and second order. Z-scan and Mach Zehnder interferometry measurements of the nonlinear refractive index (n2) and nonlinear absorption ((beta) ) have been performed at 1064 nm. Some z-scan measurements have been also realized at 1430 nm. The results have been correlated to the structures of the glasses and the figure of merit has been calculated with the purpose of a potential utilization of these glasses in the realization of ultra- fast all-optical switches. Nonlinearities as high as 850 times the nonlinearity of silica glass have been obtained and some glasses exhibit at 1430 nm nonlinear optical characteristics suitable for telecommunication applications. The all-optical poling of a chalcohalogenide glass has been realized with a Q-switch mode-locked Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm emitting 45 ps pulses at a repetition rate of 10 Hz with frequency doubling at 532 nm. A nonlinear coefficient deff equals 2.8 10-17 m/V similar to that of the reference glass Schott SF 57 has been obtained. The thermal poling of a chalcogenide glass also has been realized and a transient second order nonlinear susceptibility (chi) (2) has been observed.© (2002) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Published: 2002

149. Optical aging behaviour naturally induced on As_2S_3 microstructured optical fibres

Author: Frédéric Désévédavy, O. Mouawad, J. Picot-Clémente, Frédéric Smektala, Grégory Gadret, Clément Strutynski, and J-C Jules
Subjects: Materials science, Optical fiber, business.industry, Chalcogenide, Attenuation, Microstructured optical fiber, Molar absorptivity, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Supercontinuum, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, Optical path, chemistry, law, Optoelectronics, Photonics, business
Abstract: The efficiency and the stability of As2S3 microstructured optical fibres (MOFs) are limited by the shift of their optical properties that occurs over time due to a naturally induced aging process. Such sensitivity becomes more crucial for long optical path. Among the variety of fibre designs, the MOFs are developed for promising photonics applications such as supercontinuum generation for example. In the present work, we carried out an extensive aging study on As2S3 chalcogenide MOFs in ambient atmosphere. The evolution of the fibre transmission spectrum has been studied with regards to exposure time. The analysis of the transmission line profile was performed in terms of different spectral components Gaussian in shape and the infrared absorption bands have been attributed to the corresponding chemical groups' vibration modes or overtones. The time-dependent evolution of fibre attenuation has been studied as well as its longitudinal evolution for a given exposure time. Previous knowledge of extinction coefficient inherent to vibration components allows to predict their corresponding concentration. The content of hydroxyl groups tightly bonded to the glass network of the sulphide MOF core decreases exponentially with distance away from the MOF extremity. The report results show that a deleterious aging effect occurs over the first hours and days of exposure. This have crucial implications for storage and employment techniques and requires holes airproofing technique.
Published: 2014

150. Impact of optical and structural aging in As_2S_3 microstructured optical fibers on mid-infrared supercontinuum generation

Author: Clément Strutynski, Frédéric Désévédavy, O. Mouawad, Bertrand Kibler, Grégory Gadret, Frédéric Smektala, Julien Fatome, Olivier Heintz, Jean-Charles Jules, Foued Amrani, J. Picot-Clémente, and Eric Lesniewska
Subjects: Optical fiber, Materials science, business.industry, Physics::Optics, Microstructured optical fiber, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Light scattering, Supercontinuum, law.invention, symbols.namesake, Optics, law, symbols, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Self-phase modulation, business, Nonlinear Schrödinger equation, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract: We analyze optical and structural aging in As2S3 microstructured optical fibers (MOFs) that may have an impact on mid-infrared supercontinuum generation. A strong alteration of optical transparency at the fundamental OH absorption peak is measured for high-purity As2S3 MOF stored in atmospheric conditions. The surface evolution and inherent deviation of corresponding chemical composition confirm that the optical and chemical properties of MOFs degrade upon exposure to ambient conditions because of counteractive surface process. This phenomenon substantially reduces the optical quality of the MOFs and therefore restrains the spectral expansion of generated supercontinuum. This aging process is well confirmed by the good matching between previous experimental results and the reported numerical simulations based on the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation.
Published: 2014

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