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Dust-enshrouded, starbursting, submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at z >= 3 have been proposed as progenitors of z >= 2 compact quiescent galaxies (cQGs). To test this connection, we present a detailed spatially resolved study of the stars, dust, and stellar mass in a sample of six submillimeter-bright starburst galaxies at z similar to 4.5. The stellar UV emission probed by HST is extended and irregular and shows evidence of multiple components. Informed by HST, we deblend Spitzer/IRAC data at rest-frame optical, finding that the systems are undergoing minor mergers with a typical stellar mass ratio of 1:6.5. The FIR dust continuum emission traced by ALMA locates the bulk of star formation in extremely compact regions (median r(e) = 0.70 +/- 0.29 kpc), and it is in all cases associated with the most massive component of the mergers (median log(M-*/M-circle dot)= 10.49 +/- 0.32). We compare spatially resolved UV slope (beta) maps with the FIR dust continuum to study the infrared excess (IRX = L-IR/L-UV)-beta relation. The SMGs display systematically higher IRX values than expected from the nominal trend, demonstrating that the FIR and UV emissions are spatially disconnected. Finally, we show that the SMGs fall on the mass-size plane at smaller stellar masses and sizes than the cQGs at z = 2. Taking into account the expected evolution in stellar mass and size between z = 4.5 and z = 2 due to the ongoing starburst and mergers with minor companions, this is in agreement with a direct evolutionary connection between the two populations.

Dust-enshrouded, starbursting, submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at z ≥ 3 have been proposed as progenitors of z ≥ 2 compact quiescent galaxies (cQGs). To test this connection, we present a detailed spatially resolved study of the stars, dust, and stellar mass in a sample of six submillimeter-bright starburst galaxies at z ~ 4.5. The stellar UV emission probed by HST is extended and irregular and shows evidence of multiple components. Informed by HST, we deblend Spitzer/IRAC data at rest-frame optical, finding that the systems are undergoing minor mergers with a typical stellar mass ratio of 1:6.5. The FIR dust continuum emission traced by ALMA locates the bulk of star formation in extremely compact regions (median r e = 0.70 ± 0.29 kpc), and it is in all cases associated with the most massive component of the mergers (median log(M*/M⊙) = 10.49 ± 0.32). We compare spatially resolved UV slope (β) maps with the FIR dust continuum to study the infrared excess (IRX = L_(IR)/L_(UV))–β relation. The SMGs display systematically higher IRX values than expected from the nominal trend, demonstrating that the FIR and UV emissions are spatially disconnected. Finally, we show that the SMGs fall on the mass–size plane at smaller stellar masses and sizes than the cQGs at z = 2. Taking into account the expected evolution in stellar mass and size between z = 4.5 and z = 2 due to the ongoing starburst and mergers with minor companions, this is in agreement with a direct evolutionary connection between the two populations.

Controlling cardiovascular risk factors (CV) is essential for patients with cardiovascular disease. The CV polypill contains aspirin 100 mg, atorvastatin 20 mg or 40 mg, and ramipril 2.5 mg, 5 mg or 10 mg in a fixed combination pill. The objective was to review the evidence on the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, to establish the eventual patient profiles suitabtes to consider the use of CV polypill with atorvastatin 40 mg in secondary CV prevention (P40PS), and to define the priority situations most adequate for the use of P40PS. A bibliographic review was carried out, which was complemented with the clinical opinion of 19 specialists. During hospitalization and discharge, P40PS is an option for patients admitted because of an atherothrombotic event, peripheral arterial disease, or other causes, and with the indication of the monocomponents. Its priority use is proposed in: prior intolerance to the highest dose of atorvastatin (80 mg), age >75 years, low weight, stage 3 of chronic renal failure, hypothyroidism, drug interactions and Asian origin. Outside the hospital setting, the P40PS is a therapeutic alternative in patients with a need for secondary CV prevention and with indication to receive the monocomponents. The priority situations to receive the P40PS are: to be taking the three components separately, to require polypharmacy, lack of adherence or understanding of the treatment, and lack of control of CV risk factors. This work is the first with proposals for the use of P40PS and can facilitate the treatment of patients with cardiovascular disease in secondary prevention. (C) 2018 Sociedad Espanola de Arteriosclerosis. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

International audience; We present millimetre dust emission measurements of two Lyman‐break galaxies at z similar to 3 and construct for the first time fully sampled infrared spectral energy distributions (SEDs), from mid‐IR to the Rayleigh‐Jeans tail, of individually detected, unlensed, UV‐selected, main sequence (MS) galaxies at z = 3. The SED modelling of the two sources confirms previous findings, based on stacked ensembles, of an increasing mean radiation field < U > with redshift, consistent with a rapidly decreasing gas metallicity in z > 2 galaxies. Complementing our study with CO[J = 3 ‐> 2] emission line observations, we have measured the molecular gas mass reservoir (MH2) of the systems using three independent approaches: 1) CO line observations; 2) the dust to gas mass ratio vs. metallicity relation; and 3) a single band, dust emission flux on the Rayleigh‐Jeans side of the SED. All techniques return consistent MH2 estimates within a factor of two or less, yielding gas depletion time‐scales (tau(dep) approximate to 0.35 Gyr) and gas‐to‐stellar mass ratios (M‐H2/M‐* approximate to 0 .5‐1) for our z similar to 3 massive MS galaxies. The overall properties of our galaxies are consistent with trends and relations established at lower redshifts, extending the apparent uniformity of star‐forming galaxies over the last 11.5 billion years.

Introducción: la implementación de la telemedicina es cada vez mayor; sin embargo, no existen estudios controlados en nuestro medio que demuestren su efecto en Atención Primaria (AP). Nuestro objetivo es analizar si la implementación de prácticas tecnológicas puede ir encaminada al asesoramiento de las familias. Materiales y métodos: estudio piloto de intervención, prospectivo, controlado no aleatorizado, muestreo consecutivo, con seguimiento longitudinal de seis meses, realizado en un centro de AP pediátrica. Seguimiento a través de web, redes sociales y telemedicina, entre las revisiones del niño sano, 1-2, 2-4 y 4-6 meses. Charlas grupales por telemedicina: vacunas, lactancia materna e introducción alimentos. El grupo control recibió el seguimiento habitual de AP. Resultados: la distribución sociodemográfica, revisiones presenciales del niño sano, detección de patologías fueron homogéneas en los dos grupos. En el grupo de intervención, se objetivó una disminución de la frecuentación de visita pediátrica/enfermería (p

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) refers to the atherosclerotic involvement of non-coronary and extracranial arteries, including visceral arteries, the aorta and its branches and the arteries of the limbs. PAD usually refers exclusively to atherosclerosis of the limbs (in particular the lower limbs). Age, male sex, smoking and diabetes, as well as hypertension and dyslipidemia, are the most relevant risk factors for the development of PAD. PAD is frequently associated with coronary heart disease and stroke. PAD patients have increased risk of developing cardiovascular complications (coronary disease, stroke) and total and cardiovascular mortality, even after adjustment by conventional risk factors. Despite this PAD exhibit a worse control of risk factors. This opens up an important opportunity to optimize their control, which can result in an improvement of the prognosis of patients with PAD. Ischemic nephropathy includes a constellation of disorders that are frequently associated: hypertension, renal failure and renal artery stenosis (RAS). RAS risk factors are similar to those of PAD. Recent studies have shown that renal revascularization is not associated with improvement in blood pressure control, preservation of renal function or reduction of cardiovascular events in most patients. Therefore, revascularization should be reserved for selected cases on an individual basis. In all cases, a strict control of vascular risk factors should be attempted.

The efficacy and safety of prolonging prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in medically ill patients beyond hospital discharge remain uncertain. We hypothesized that extended prophylaxis with apixaban would be safe and more effective than short-term prophylaxis with enoxaparin. METHODS: In this double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled trial, we randomly assigned acutely ill patients who had congestive heart failure or respiratory failure or other medical disorders and at least one additional risk factor for venous thromboembolism and who were hospitalized with an expected stay of at least 3 days to receive apixaban, administered orally at a dose of 2.5 mg twice daily for 30 days, or enoxaparin, administered subcutaneously at a dose of 40 mg once daily for 6 to 14 days. The primary efficacy outcome was the 30-day composite of death related to venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism, symptomatic deep-vein thrombosis, or asymptomatic proximal-leg deep-vein thrombosis, as detected with the use of systematic bilateral compression ultrasonography on day 30. The primary safety outcome was bleeding. All efficacy and safety outcomes were independently adjudicated. RESULTS: A total of 6528 subjects underwent randomization, 4495 of whom could be evaluated for the primary efficacy outcome - 2211 in the apixaban group and 2284 in the enoxaparin group. Among the patients who could be evaluated, 2.71% in the apixaban group (60 patients) and 3.06% in the enoxaparin group (70 patients) met the criteria for the primary efficacy outcome (relative risk with apixaban, 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62 to 1.23; P = 0.44). By day 30, major bleeding had occurred in 0.47% of the patients in the apixaban group (15 of 3184 patients) and in 0.19% of the patients in the enoxaparin group (6 of 3217 patients) (relative risk, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.02 to 7.24; P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: In medically ill patients, an extended course of thromboprophylaxis with apixaban was not superior to a shorter course with enoxaparin. Apixaban was associated with significantly more major bleeding events than was enoxaparin, Supported by Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer