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101. A review of the Oocyclus Sharp of Ecuador with description of 12 new species (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Laccobiini)

Author: ANDREW E. Z. SHORT, JUAN MARTIN TORRES-GAVOSTO, and TY HETTINGER
Subjects: Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Insecta, Arthropoda, Animalia, Animal Science and Zoology, Biodiversity, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Taxonomy
Abstract: The species of the hygropetric water scavenger beetle genus Oocyclus Sharp, 1882 are reviewed for Ecuador. The genus has not previously been reported from the country. Twelve new species are described: O. ancho sp. n., O. ankas sp. n., O. bellus sp. n., O. kichwa sp. n., O. lepidus sp. n., O. packha sp. n., O. radiatus sp. n., O. rupestris sp. n., O. sumak sp. n., O. ustulatus sp. n., O. yantzaza sp. n., and O. zamora sp. n. One previously described species is newly reported for Ecuador: O. sharpi Short & Perkins 2004. There is at least one additional species that is part of a species complex that includes O. morgani García-Hernández, 2009 from Colombia and O. trujillo Short & García, 2010 from Venezuela. One new synonymy is proposed: the Venezuelan species O. zulianus Short & García, 2010 syn. n. is placed as a junior subjective synonym of O. sharpi Short & Perkins, 2004. A key to all described species known from the Andes region of South America is provided.
Published: 2023

102. Oocyclus morgani Garcia-Hernandez 2009

Author: Short, Andrew E. Z., Torres-Gavosto, Juan Martin, and Hettinger, Ty
Subjects: Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Oocyclus morgani, Insecta, Arthropoda, Animalia, Biodiversity, Taxonomy, Oocyclus
Abstract: Oocyclus morgani/trujillo group (Figs. 4B, 6I, 7) Material Examined (72 exs.): ECUADOR: Napo Province: Just above San Rafael Falls, 1510m, 21.viii.1979, leg. J. Anderson, cascade-seep (3 exs., USNM). Tungurahua Province: 18 km E Baños, 5130′, 25.i.1976, leg. P. Spangler et al., seepage over rock outcrops in roadcuts, (39 exs., USNM); 5 km S Baños, 4.v.1977, leg. P. Spangler & D. Givens (3 exs., USNM); 20 km E Baños, 28.i.1976, leg. P. Spangler et al., seepage over rock outcrops in roadcuts (6 exs., USNM); Baños, 27.i.1976, leg. P. Spangler et al., seepage over rock outcrops in roadcuts (20 exs., USNM); 6 km E Rio Negro, 20.v.1977, leg. W. Steiner (1 ex., USNM). Diagnosis. Smaller sized species (Length = 3.1–4.1 mm.). Posterolateral corners of pronotum spinose. Prosternal carinae set with a pair of spines anteriorly. Elytra with first row of systematic punctures bearing short, linear clumps of dense erect setae, giving it a “tufted” appearance. Elytral margins not explanate, without a fringe of long setae. Abdominal ventrites brown. Remarks. There are several series of specimens in the material we examined (mostly from the Baños area of central Ecuador) that represent at least one additional species. Indeed, we had originally thought there might be two closely related species among this batch of material. There is no question they are different than any of the other 13 Ecuadorian species enumerated in this manuscript. However, they compare well with the descriptions of O. trujillo from Venezuela and O. morgani from Colombia. It should be noted that we have examined specimens of O. trujillo but only seen images of the dorsum and side of the pronotum of O. morgani. Both these two named species as well as the series from Ecuador are of similar size and share many of the same characters: spinose posterolateral corners of the pronotum, pale anterolateral corners of the pronotum, similar conditions of the pro and mesoventrites, and most distinctively, having the elytral series of punctures appearing as a series of short linear tufts of erect setae. There are some observable difference in the precise distribution of these tufts, but other species have shown broad conspecific variation in this feature (e.g. O. floccus, see Santana et al. 2023). While we believe it is very possible that these Ecuadorian specimens represent one or more new species, we here take a conservative approach until the differences between O. morgani and O. trujillo can be better illuminated., Published as part of Short, Andrew E. Z., Torres-Gavosto, Juan Martin & Hettinger, Ty, 2023, A review of the Oocyclus Sharp of Ecuador with description of 12 new species (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Laccobiini), pp. 91-112 in Zootaxa 5277 (1) on page 111, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7892052, {"references":["Santana, L., Short, A. E. Z., Benetti, C. J. & Hamada, N. (2023) New species and new distributional records of the hygropetric water scavenger beetle genus Oocyclus Sharp (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) from the Guiana Shield. Zootaxa, 5230 (5), 587 - 594. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5230.5.6"]}
Published: 2023
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103. Oocyclus zamora Short & Torres-Gavosto & Hettinger 2023, sp. n

Author: Short, Andrew E. Z., Torres-Gavosto, Juan Martin, and Hettinger, Ty
Subjects: Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Insecta, Arthropoda, Animalia, Biodiversity, Oocyclus zamora, Taxonomy, Oocyclus
Abstract: Oocyclus zamora sp. n. (Figs. 1B, 6H, 7) Type Material: Holotype (Male): “ECUADOR, Zamora-/ Chinchipe Pr./ Loja (47kmE)/ 3June1976 / Andrea Langley”, “ ECUADOR-PEACE CORPS./SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION/AQUATIC INSECT SURVEY” (USNM). Paratypes (9 exs.): ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe Province: Same data as holotype (9 exs., USNM, SEMC). Diagnosis. Medium-sized species. Posterolateral corners of pronotum weakly spinose. Prosternal carinae set with a pair of spines anteriorly. Elytra with first row of systematic punctures bearing short, linear clumps of dense erect setae, giving it a “tufted” appearance. Elytral margins not explanate, without a fringe of long setae. Abdominal ventrites brown. Among Ecuadorian species with spinose posterolateral corners of the pronotum, O. zamora is most similar to specimens affiliated with the morgani/trujillo species group, as it shares the feature of tufts of setae on the elytra. However, the ground punctation is much coarser in O. zamora than other specimens, and the overall size of O. zamora is slightly larger. Description. Size and Form. Length = 4.1–4.4 mm. Body oval, slightly convex (Fig. 1B). Color. Dorsum of head, pronotum, and elytra black, with very faint, iridescent green reflections. Anterolateral margins of pronotum with small pale spot. Elytra without distinct maculae. Maxillary and labial palps yellow. Mentum and stipes medium brown, slightly paler in color than the venter of the head.Thoracic and abdominal ventrites and legs dark brown. Head. Ground punctation on labrum, clypeus and frons moderately fine, distance between punctures 1.0–2.0× the width of one puncture. Systematic punctures on labrum consisting of several indistinct punctures, sometimes bearing a short seta. Frons with an irregular row of systematic punctures bearing setae mesad of each eye. Clypeus with a few very indistinct systematic punctures along anterolateral margins, slightly larger than surrounding punctation. Maxillary palps short, about as long as width of labrum; segment 2 slightly bulbous, apical segment approximately the same length as penultimate. Labial palps less than half as long as width of mentum; with clump of long setae on second segment. Mentum quadrate, smooth, anterior margin slightly convex and depressed. Thorax. Ground punctation on pronotum and elytra composed of fine, evenly distributed punctures. Pronotal systematic punctures fine, similar in size to ground punctures, bearing very short fine setae. Lateral margins of pronotum set with a few sparsely distributed setiferous punctures; with punctures almost appearing absent. Posterolateral corners of pronotum weakly spinose. Sutural punctation on elytra absent or unmodified from ground punctation; sutural interval not raised in posterior half. Margins of elytra not explanate. Elytra with five irregular rows of systematic punctures: rows 1–3 represented by small linear clumps of course erect setae, separated by gaps, giving the elytra “tufted” appearance. Rows 4–5 are represented by irregular series of large coarse punctures usually bearing a small recumbent setae. Prosternum with a clearly defined median carina; slightly elevated anteromedially, the elevation set with two spines. Elevated process of the mesoventrite narrow and elongate, more than twice as long as wide; surface nearly flat; set with 6 thickened, coarse spines. Metaventrite with oval glabrous area posteromedially, about as long as wide, length of glabrous area c. 1.5 times the length of metaventrite. Procoxae distinctly spinose and covered with dense pubescence. Protibiae with 9–12 spines on dorsal face. Abdomen. Ventrites covered with fine setae, the longest setae roughly as long as the longest setae surrounding the glabrous area of the metaventrite. Aedeagus as in Figure 6H. Etymology. Named after the province in which it was collected, Zamora-Chinchipe. Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 7).
Published: 2023
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104. Oocyclus sumak Short & Torres-Gavosto & Hettinger 2023, sp. n

Author: Short, Andrew E. Z., Torres-Gavosto, Juan Martin, and Hettinger, Ty
Subjects: Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Insecta, Arthropoda, Animalia, Biodiversity, Oocyclus sumak, Taxonomy, Oocyclus
Abstract: Oocyclus sumak sp. n. (Figs. 2B, 6D, 7) Type Material: Holotype (Male): “ ECUADOR: Loja;/ Loja (18km N)/ 1900m, 28Nov1978 / Joseph Anderson”, “ECUADOR-PEACE/ CORPS—SMITHSONIAN/ INSTITUTION AQUATIC/ INSECT SURVEY” (USNM). Paratypes (36 exs.): ECUADOR: Loja Province: Same data as holotype (25 exs., USNM, SEMC). El Oro Province: Salvias, 1400 m, 9.vi.1979, leg. J.J. Anderson (11 exs., USNM, SEMC). Diagnosis. Smaller species. Posterolateral corners of pronotum strongly spinose. Prosternal carinae set with a pair of spines anteriorly. Elytra with the first row of systematic punctures bearing a sparse line of erect setae along its entire length. Elytral margins not explanate, without a fringe of long setae. Abdominal ventrites dark brown. Among Ecuadorian species with spinose posterolateral margins of the pronotum, this species can be distinguished from most others by it smaller size (>4.0 mm) and the presence of bright blue elytral maculae. It is most similar to O. ankas but that species has a smaller pale anterolateral spot on the pronotum and possesses a dense, erect clump of setae at the anterior end of the first row of elytral systematic punctures. Description. Size and Form. Length = 3.5–4.0 mm. Body oval, slightly convex (Fig. 2B). Color. Dorsum of head, pronotum, and elytra black, with bright iridescent green reflections. Anterolateral margins of pronotum with distinct pale spot, extending one-third to one-half the length of the margin. Elytra with distinct iridescent blue, purple and/or green maculae with defuse borders. Maxillary and labial palps yellow. Mentum and stipes brown, slightly paler in color than the venter of the head. Thoracic and abdominal ventrites dark brown. Legs medium to light brown. Head. Ground punctation on labrum, clypeus and frons moderately fine, distance between punctures 1.0–2.0× the width of one puncture. Systematic punctures on labrum consisting of several indistinct punctures, sometimes bearing a short seta. Frons with an irregular row of systematic punctures bearing setae mesad of each eye. Clypeus with a few very indistinct systematic punctures along anterolateral margins, slightly larger than surrounding punctation. Maxillary palps short, about as long as width of labrum; segment 2 slightly bulbous, apical segment approximately the same length as penultimate. Labial palps less than half as long as width of mentum. Mentum quadrate and slightly rugose, anterior margin slightly convex and depressed. Thorax. Ground punctation on pronotum and elytra composed of fine, evenly distributed punctures. Pronotal systematic punctures blending with surrounding ground punctation, usually bearing a very fine seta. Lateral margins of pronotum set with a few sparsely distributed setiferous punctures. Posterolateral corners of pronotum strongly spinose. Sutural punctation on elytra absent or unmodified from ground punctation; sutural interval not raised in posterior half. Elytra with five irregular rows of systematic punctures: the first row is represented by sparse line of punctures bearing erect setae along its entire length. Rows 2–5 are represented by irregular series of large coarse punctures usually bearing a very fine recumbent seta; some setae in row 2 may be erect anteriorally. Prosternum with a clearly defined median carina; slightly elevated anteromedially, the elevation set with two long spines. Elevated process of the mesoventrite narrow and elongate, more than three times as long as wide; surface nearly flat; set with 5 thickened, coarse spines. Metaventrite with oval glabrous area posteromedially, ca. twice as long as wide, length of glabrous extending more than half the length of the metaventrite. Procoxae covered with dense pubescence and set with long spines. Protibiae with 9–11 spines on dorsal face. Abdomen. Ventrites covered with short, fine, setae, the longest setae not longer than the longest setae surrounding the glabrous area of the metaventrite. Aedeagus as in Figure 6D. Etymology. Sumak is the Kichwa word for beautiful, referring to the lovely dorsal coloration of this species. Distribution. Known from a pair of localities in the south of Ecuador (Fig. 7)., Published as part of Short, Andrew E. Z., Torres-Gavosto, Juan Martin & Hettinger, Ty, 2023, A review of the Oocyclus Sharp of Ecuador with description of 12 new species (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Laccobiini), pp. 91-112 in Zootaxa 5277 (1) on page 105, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7892052
Published: 2023
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105. Oocyclus

Author: Short, Andrew E. Z., Torres-Gavosto, Juan Martin, and Hettinger, Ty
Subjects: Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Insecta, Arthropoda, Animalia, Biodiversity, Taxonomy, Oocyclus
Abstract: Key to the species of Oocyclus from the northern Andes 1 Elytra with distinct pale spot in posterior third (e.g. Fig. 4A); size smaller (not more than 4.0 mm)..................... 2 - Elytra without distinct pale spot in posterior third; size variable................................................. 4 2(1) Elytra without rows of setiferous punctures; posterolateral corners of pronotum broadly rounded............. O. sapphirus - Elytra with distinct rows of setiferous punctures (e.g. Fig. 4A); posterolateral corners of pronotum usually appearing weakly spinose............................................................................................. 3 3(2’) Elytra with first line of erect setae distinct and continuous (Fig. 4A); aedeagus with parameres tapering to a nearly flat, blunt tip at apex (Fig. 6F)....................................................................... O. lepidus sp. n. - Elytra with first line of erect setae discontinuous, with distinct gaps in the line; aedeagus with parameres broadly rounded and parallel sided at apex, not tapering (Fig. 6G).................................................... O. bellus sp. n. 4(1’) Posterolateral corners of pronotum broadly rounded (e.g. Figs. 1A–C).......................................... 19 - Posterolateral corners of pronotum angulate or spinose (e.g. Figs. 2A–B, 3A–B)................................... 5 5(4’) Posterolateral corners of pronotum angulate but not prolonged into an acute spine (e.g. Fig. 3A)....................... 6 - Posterolateral corners of pronotum spinose (Figs. 3B, 2A–B).................................................. 10 6(5) Abdominal ventrites uniformly pale yellow................................................................. 7 - Abdominal ventrites darkly colored, at least in part........................................................... 8 7(6) First row of elytra punctures formed by an irregular line of very coarse punctures, not bearing erect setae........ O. galbus - First row of elytra punctures forming a dense, continuous line bearing erect setae........................... O. luteus 8(6’) First row of elytra punctures with row of erect setae along at least half of its length................................. 9 - First row of elytra punctures not bearing long setae along its length....................................... O. pittieri 9(8) First row of elytra punctures bearing dense and continuous row of erect setae......................... O. pakcha sp. n. - First row of elytra punctures bearing an irregular, broken row of erect setae (Fig. 3A)................. O. radiatus sp. n. 10(4’) Abdominal ventrites uniformly pale (Fig. 3B); size very large (> 5.2 mm)........................... O. ustulatus sp. n. - Abdominal ventrites dark brown, at most with paler or orange spots laterally (e.g. Figs. 2A–B); size variable (3.2–5.5 mm).................................................................................................... 11 11(10’) First row of systematic punctures bearing a more or less continuous like of erect setae (the line may have small breaks but these are short); size large (> 4.2 mm)......................................................................... 16 - First row of systematic punctures at most bearing a few small clumps or erect setae along its length or occasionally without any distinct line or clups of erect setae; size usually smaller, rarely greater than 4.0 mm (except O. zamora: 4.1–4.4 mm)..... 12 12(11’) Elytra without clumps of erect setae................................................................. O. pico - Elytra bearing clumps of erect setae, at least mesally near the elytra suture (e.g. Figs. 2A–B, 4B)..................... 13 13(12’) Aedeaegus with parameres strongly narrowing in apical half (Figs. 6D–E); rows of elytra systematic punctures distinct from ground punctation; elytra with blue maculae (Figs. 2A–B)................................................... 14 - Aedeaegus with parameres not narrowing in apical half, sometimes even appearing to swell towards apex (Figs. 6H–J); rows of systematic punctures not distinct; elytra without blue maculae............................................... 15 14(13) First row of elytra systematic punctures represented by a short linear tuft of erect setae anteriorly, then the remainder of the row bearing sparse usually decumbant setae (Fig. 2B); anterolateral pale spot larger........................ O. sumak sp. n. - First row of elytra systematic punctures represented by a line of tufts and erect setae along its entire length (Fig. 2A); anterolateral pale spot smaller.......................................................................... O. ankas sp. n. 15(13’) Elytral ground punctation bearing short scattered setae; size larger (4.1–4.4 mm), ground punctation coarser (Fig. 1B)............................................................................................ O. zamora sp. n. - Elytral ground punctation not bearing setae; size smaller (3.1–4.1 mm), ground punctation finer (Fig. 4B)........................................................................................ O. morgani / trujillo species group 16(11) First row of elytral systematic punctures continuous, without short breaks. Lateral rows of elytral systematic punctures much coarser than surrounding ground punctation, making them easy to discern....................................... 18 - First row of elytral systematic punctures not continuous, interrupted by short breaks. Lateral rows of elytral systematic punctures similar in size to surrounding ground punctation, making them difficult to discern................................. 17 17(16’) Lateral rows of elytra systematic punctures coarser than surrounding punctures............................. O. maluz - Lateral rows of elytra systematic punctures similar in size to surrounding ground punctation, making them difficult to discern.......................................................................................... O. andinus 18(16) Aedeagus with parameres inwardly curved at apex, not sinuate along outer margin. Elytral margins distinctly explanate in posterior third. Dorsal ground punctation on pronotum and elytra fine but distinct....................... O. meridensis - Aedeagus with parameres slightly inwardly curved at apex, sinuate along outer margin. Elytral margins not to very weakly explanate in posterior third. Dorsal ground punctation on pronotum and elytra very fine; present but appearing nearly effaced......................................................................................... O. substillus 19(4) Mesoventral process set with thin hairs. Elytra bearing dense setae from ground punctures.......................... 20 - Mesoventral process set with thickened spines. Elytra at most with setae arising in rows............................ 21 20(19) Anterolateral corners of pronotum with pale spot.............................................. O. rupestris sp. n. - Anterolateral corners of pronotum without pale spot................................................... O. sharpi 21(19’) Anterolateral corners of pronotum with pale spot (e.g. Fig. 1C); prosternal process with or without a pair of spines anteriorly................................................................................................... 22 - Anterolateral corners pronotum without pale spot (e.g. Fig. 1B); prosternal process not set with a pair of spines anteriorly..................................................................................................... 23 22(21) Prosternal process set with two spines anteriorly................................................... O. maculatus Prosternal process without spines........................................................... O. yantzaza sp. n. 23(21’)Aedeagus with narrow median lobe (Figs. 5E–F)............................................... O. kichwa sp. n. - Aedeagus with broad median lobe (Fig. 5H).................................................... O. ancho sp. n.
Published: 2023
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106. Oocyclus lepidus Short & Torres-Gavosto & Hettinger 2023, sp. n

Author: Short, Andrew E. Z., Torres-Gavosto, Juan Martin, and Hettinger, Ty
Subjects: Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Insecta, Arthropoda, Animalia, Biodiversity, Oocyclus lepidus, Taxonomy, Oocyclus
Abstract: Oocyclus lepidus sp. n. (Figs. 4A, 6F, 7) Type material. Holotype (male): “ECUADOR/ Cotopaxi Prov. / Quevadeo (79km.E)/ 12 May 1975 / small waterfall”, “Collected by/ P.J. Spangler,/ A. Langley and/ J. Cohen / elev. 1225 ft. ”, “[male symbol]”, “ ECUADOR-PEACE CORPS,/ SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION/ AQUATIC INSECT SURVEY” (USNM). Paratypes (3 exs.): ECUADOR: Cotopaxi Province: same data as holotype (2 exs., USNM); 117 km W of Latacaunga, 3000 ft. elev., 1.vii.1975, leg. A. Langley & J. Cohen (1 ex., USNM). Diagnosis. Smaller species. Posterolateral corners of pronotum angulate to weakly spinose. Prosternal carinae set with a pair of spines anteriorly. Elytra with the first row of systematic punctures bearing a continuous row of dense erect setae. Elytral margins not explanate, with a fringe of long setae. Abdominal ventrites dark brown. Among Ecuadorian species, O. lepidus can be distinguished from all others except O. bellus by the presence of a pale white spot on the posterior third of each elytron. From O. bellus it can be distinguished by the dense, continuous row of erect setae on the elytra (discontinuous in O. bellus). Description. Size and Form. Length = 3.3–3.4 mm. Body oval, moderately convex (Fig. 4A). Color. Dorsum of head, pronotum, and elytra black, with faint iridescent green reflections. Laterla margins of pronotom and elytra slightly paler.Anterolateral margins of pronotum with pale spot, but less distinct as the entire margin of the pronotum is slightly paler. Elytra with small but distinct white spot in posterior quarter. Elytra with faint iridescent green maculae which often appear faint and with defuse borders. Maxillary and labial palps yellow. Mentum and stipes dark brown, similar in color to the venter of the head. Thoracic and abdominal ventrites dark brown, legs light brown to orange. Head. Ground punctation on labrum, clypeus and frons moderately fine, distance between punctures 1.0–2.0× the width of one puncture. Systematic punctures on labrum consisting of several indistinct punctures, sometimes bearing a short seta. Frons with an irregular row of systematic punctures bearing setae mesad of each eye. Clypeus with a few very indistinct systematic punctures along anterolateral margins, slightly larger than surrounding punctation. Maxillary palps short, about as long as width of labrum; segment 2 slightly bulbous, apical segment approximately the same length as penultimate. Labial palps less than half as long as width of mentum; with clump of long setae on second segment. Mentum quadrate and mostly smooth, anterior margin slightly convex and depressed. Thorax. Ground punctation on pronotum and elytra composed of fine, evenly distributed punctures. Pronotal systematic punctures with short fine setae, only slightly larger than the size of surrounding ground punctures. Lateral margins of pronotum set with a few sparsely distributed setiferous punctures. Posterolateral corners of pronotum weakly angulate to rounded. Sutural punctation on elytra absent or unmodified from ground punctation; sutural interval not raised in posterior half. Elytra with five irregular rows of systematic punctures: the first row is represented by a continuous line of coarse punctures set with long, erect setae. The remaining rows represented by irregular series of punctures that blend with the surrounding punctation and sometimes bearing a short seta, but they are never erect. Prosternum with a clearly defined median carina; slightly elevated anteromedially, the elevation set with two thin spines. Elevated process of the mesoventrite roughly round in appearance and elongate, roughly as long as wide; surface nearly flat; set with 5–6 thickened, coarse spines. Metaventrite with oval glabrous area posteromedially, ca. as long as wide, length of glabrous area less than half the width of metaventrite. Procoxae covered with dense pubescence and set with a few smaller indistinct spines posteromedially. Protibiae with 7–9 spines on dorsal face. Abdomen. Ventrites covered with fine setae, the longest setae not longer than the longest setae surrounding the glabrous area of the metaventrite. Aedeagus as in Figure 6F. Etymology. Lepidus is Latin for “pleasant”, referring to the handsomeness of this beetle species. Distribution. Known from a pair of very closely situated localities along the western slope of the Andes (Fig. 7).
Published: 2023
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107. Norfolk Island's caddisfly is a New Zealander (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae)

Author: Wells, Alice and Kjer, Karl
Published: 2016

108. Morphology of immature stages of Helophorus (Gephelophorus) auriculatus (Coleoptera, Helophoridae).

Author: MINOSHIMA, Yûsuke N. and WATANABE, Reiya
Subjects: *HYDROPHILIDAE, *BEETLES, *CHAETOTAXY, *LARVAE, *MAXILLA, *ACARIFORMES, *STAPHYLINIDAE, *PUPAE
Abstract: The morphology of immature stages of Helophorus (Gephelophorus) auriculatus Sharp, 1884 is described. This is the fi rst description of the larva and pupa of the subgenus Gephelophorus Sharp, 1915. We describe the morphology of the egg-case, all larval stages (fi rst to third instar, including chaetotaxy of the head) and pupa. Morphological transformations between larval instars were examined. Head chaetotaxy was nearly identical between instars. Ventral teeth on the nasale, considered as a useful taxonomic character, were absent in the fi rst instar but well developed in later instars. Chaetotaxy diff ered among the subgenera Gephelophorus, Helophorus and Lihelophorus in the length and shape of setae on head capsule and maxilla. Pupal morphology was similar to that of previously described pupae: H. (Helophorus) aquaticus (Linnaeus, 1758) and H. (Rhopalohelophorus) orientalis Motschulsky, 1860. A key to families of the Hydrophiloidea of Japan based on larval characters is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2020
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109. Taxonomy of Guatemalan water beetles in the genus Hydrochus (Coleoptera: Hydrochidae).

Author: PERKINS, Philip D.
Subjects: *HYDROPHILIDAE, *BEETLES, *MALE reproductive organs, *TAXONOMY, *WATER, *STAPHYLINIDAE, *HEMIPTERA, BEETLE anatomy
Abstract: The taxonomy of Guatemalan water beetles in the genus Hydrochus Leach, 1817 (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea: Hydrochidae) is presented. The known fauna now consists of six species, four of which are described as new species. The new species are diagnosed, and high -resolution images of the habitus and male genitalia of each species are given. The following new species are described: H. directus sp. nov., H. pertuberculatus sp. nov., H. sinuatus sp. nov., and H. steineri sp. nov. The historical types of H. debilis Sharp, 1882 and H. obscurus Sharp, 1882 are redescribed, their lectotypes are designated, and high-resolution images of the habitus, male genitalia and labels of the lectotypes are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2020
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110. Review of the genus Coelostoma of Taiwan with description of a new species (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae).

Author: Hsing-Che LIU, Fang-Shuo HU, and FIKÁČEK, Martin
Subjects: *HYDROPHILIDAE, *SPECIES, *STAPHYLINIDAE
Abstract: The water scavenger beetle genus Coelostoma Brullé, 1835 of Taiwan is reviewed based on freshly collected material and museum specimens. Seven species are recognized, of which one new species, Coelostoma (Lachnocoelostoma) taiwanense sp. nov., is described. Distributional data of C. fallaciosum Orchymont, 1936 and C. stultum (Walker, 1858) are summarized. Coelostoma phallicum Orchymont, 1940, C. wui Orchymont, 1940, C. vitalisi Orchymont, 1923 and C. bhutanicum Jayaswal, 1972 are reported for the fi rst time from Taiwan. Coelostoma vagum Orchymont, 1940 is excluded from Taiwanese fauna pending the rediscovery of vouchers or newly collected specimens. A distribution map and key to Taiwanese species of the genus are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2020
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111. A new species of Laccobius Erichson, 1837 (Hydrophilidae, Coleoptera) from the Chinese Himalaya, with comments on taxonomic status of subgenera Glyptolaccobius Gentili, 1989 and Cyclolaccobius Gentili, 1991 and additional faunistic records from China.

Author: Fenglong Jia, Jia-Hui Chen, and Fikácek, Martin
Subjects: *HYDROPHILIDAE, *BEETLES, *SPECIES, *STAPHYLINIDAE
Abstract: A new species of the water scavenger beetle, Laccobius (Glyptolaccobius) motuoensis sp. nov., is described from Motuo County, Xizang, China and its diagnostic characters are illustrated. Examination of this new species and re-examination of previously described species revealed that the separation of the subgenus Glyptolaccobius Gentili, 1989 and Cyclolaccobius Gentili, 1991 is artificial: both subgenera are hence combined here. Cyclolaccobius syn. nov. is synonymized with Glyptolaccobius, and the latter is shown to be diagnosed by 7-segmented antennae as a unique synapomorphy. All species treated until now under Cyclolaccobius are here transferred to Glyptolaccobius, with the only exception of L. hingstoni Orchymont, 1926, L. jumlanus Gentili, 2015 and L. zugmayeri Knisch, 1910 which are tentatively transferred to the subgenus Hydroxenus Wollaston, 1867, as their antennae bear eight antennomeres. Three species are recorded for the first time from China: L. (Microlaccobius) orientalis Knisch, 1924 from Xizang, Laccobius (M.) exilis Gentili, 1974 from Xinjiang, and Laccobius (M.) sublaevis J. Sahlberg, 1900 from Xinjiang. Additional faunistic data from China are provided for the following species: L. (Microlaccobius) hammondi Gentili, 1984, Laccobius (M.) formosus Gentili, 1979, Laccobius (Hydroxenus) hingstoni d'Orchymont, 1926, Laccobius (Glyptolaccobius) yunnanensis Gentili, 2003, Laccobius (Compsolaccobius) decorus (Gyllenhal, 1827), Laccobius (Dimorpholaccobius) bipunctatus (Fabricius, 1775), Laccobius (D.) striatulus (Fabricius, 1775), Laccobius (s. str.) bedeli Sharp, 1884, L. (s. str.) binotatus d'Orchymont, 1934, Laccobius (s. str.) cinereus Motschulsky, 1860, and Laccobius (s. str.) minutus (Linnaeus, 1758). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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112. Two new species of Coelostoma Brullé, 1835 from China (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Sphaeridiinae).

Author: Jia, Fenglong, Angus, Robert B., and Bian, Dongju
Subjects: *HYDROPHILIDAE, *SPECIES, *STAPHYLINIDAE
Abstract: Two new species, Coelostoma jaculum sp. n. from Yunnan and C. phototropicum sp. n. from Xizang, China, are described. Photos of aedeagi of the two new species as well as of C. rubens Hebauer, 2002 are presented. An updated checklist of Chinese Coelostoma Brullle, 1835 is provided. Coelostoma horni (Régimbart, 1902) is reported for the first time from Xizang. Currently, a total of 22 species of Coelostoma are known from China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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113. New records of Hydrochus Leach, 1817 (Coleoptera: Hydrochidae) from Iran.

Author: Nasserzadeh, Hiva, Jäch, Manfred A., and Shirazi, Jalal
Subjects: *HYDROPHILIDAE, *BEETLES, *MALE reproductive organs, *RECORDS, *HEMIPTERA
Abstract: Hydrochus ignicollis Motschulsky, 1860 is recorded from Iran (Gilan Province) for the first time. In addition, new Iranian provincial records are provided for two species: H. nodulifer Reitter, 1897 (Zanjan Province) and H. farsicus Hidalgo-Galiana, Jäch, and Ribera, 2010 (Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province). Photographs of the habitus, the male genitalia and the habitat of H. ignicollis are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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114. Historical Biogeography of Holarctic CymbiodytaWater Scavenger Beetles in theTimes of Cenozoic Land Bridge Dispersal Routes.

Author: Toussaint, Emmanuel F. A. and Short, Andrew E. Z.
Subjects: CENOZOIC Era, BIOLOGICAL classification, MOLECULAR phylogeny, HYDROPHILIDAE, BEETLES, BIOGEOGRAPHY, LARVAL dispersal
Published: 2019
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115. Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae).

Author: Girón, Jennifer C. and Short, Andrew Edward Z.
Subjects: *HYDROPHILIDAE, *BEETLES, *STAPHYLINIDAE
Abstract: Recent study of the water scavenger beetle subfamily Acidocerinae in the Neotropical region has uncovered numerous undescribed species that are not able to be placed in existing genera. Here, we describe three new genera to accommodate 17 of these new species from South America: Aulonochares gen. nov. for Aulonochares lingulatus sp. nov. (French Guiana, Suriname), Aulonochares novoairensis sp. nov. (Brazil), and Aulonochares tubulus sp. nov. (Brazil, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela); Ephydrolithus gen. nov. for Ephydrolithus hamadae sp. nov. (Brazil), Ephydrolithus minor sp. nov. (Brazil), Ephydrolithus ogmos sp. nov. (Brazil), Ephydrolithus spiculatus sp. nov. (Brazil), and Ephydrolithus teli sp. nov. (Brazil); and Primocerus gen. nov. for Primocerus cuspidis sp. nov. (Venezuela), Primocerus gigas sp. nov. (Venezuela), Primocerus neutrum sp. nov. (Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela), Primocerus ocellatus sp. nov. (Venezuela), Primocerus petilus sp. nov. (Brazil), Primocerus pijiguaense sp. nov. (Venezuela), Primocerus maipure sp. nov. (Venezuela), Primocerus semipubescens sp. nov. (Guyana), and Primocerus striatolatus sp. nov. (Suriname). The genus Ephydrolithus gen. nov. is currently known to be restricted to seepages in the mountainous regions of the Brazilian Shield. Aulonochares gen. nov. and Primocerus gen. nov. are both currently only known from the Guiana Shield, though widespread in that region where they are associated with streams and seeps. We present differential diagnoses, maps, habitat details, and illustrations of all new genera and species here described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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116. The polyaminocarboxylated modified hydrochar for efficient capturing methylene blue and Cu(II) from water.

Author: Li, Bing, Lv, Jian-Quan, Guo, Jian-Zhong, Fu, Shen-Yuan, Guo, Ming, and Yang, Ping
Subjects: *HYDROCHARA, *HYDROPHILIDAE, *COORDINATE covalent bond, *CHELATION, *CHELATES
Abstract: Highlights • ACHC with abundant amino, hydroxyl and carboxylate groups was prepared successfully. • ACHC can remove efficiently and rapidly MB and Cu(II) from aqueous solution. • The surface chelation was mainly contribute to Cu(II) adsorption. • π-π interaction, hydrogen bond and electrostatic attraction dominated MB adsorption. Abstract The polyaminocarboxylated modified hydrochar (ACHC) was synthesized to introduce abundant amino, hydroxyl and carboxylate multifunctional groups onto the surface of hydrochar by etherification, amination and carboxylated reaction. The ACHC was systematically characterized and used to evaluate adsorption properties of Cu(II) and methylene blue (MB) by batch sorption tests. The adsorption process toward Cu(II) and MB by ACHC obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model. Characteristic analysis indicated the surface chelation was mainly contribute to Cu(II) adsorption by large amounts of amino and carboxylate groups while π-π interaction, hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction dominated MB adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacities of ACHC were 140.65 and 1238.66 mg·g−1 for Cu(II) and MB at 303 K, respectively. Approximately 97% of the adsorptive uptakes for two pollutants were removed within merely 5 min for kinetic experiment. Competitive adsorption of Cu(II) and MB, and treatment of electroplating wastewater by ACHC were also investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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117. Two new species of Anacaena Thomson, 1859 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae) from Northern Luzon, Philippines

Author: Enrico Gerard S. Sanchez, Emmanuel D. Delocado, and Hendrik Freitag
Subjects: Hydrophilidae, Insecta, Arthropoda, Hydrophiloidea, Biota, Coleoptera, taxonomy, high altitude, Animalia, Animal Science and Zoology, Biodiversity assessment, species inventory, Anacaena, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Two species of Anacaena Thomson, 1859, A. angatbuhaysp. nov. and A. auxiliumsp. nov., are described from Northern Luzon, Philippines. The new species can be distinguished through colour, body shape, surface puncturation and characteristic aedeagi. Descriptions are provided and complemented with habitus photographs and drawings of the aedeagi. Data on genus distribution in the Philippines are reviewed and an updated Philippine checklist is provided.
Published: 2022
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118. A taxonomic review of Enochrus Thomson (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) in Korea

Author: Dae-Hyun Lee and Kee-Jeong Ahn
Subjects: Coleoptera, Enochrus, Hydrophilidae, Korea, taxonomy, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract: A taxonomic review of Korean Enochrus Thomson is presented. Five species are recognized, one of which, (Enochrus bicolor Fabricius) is reported for the first time in Korea. Habitus and scanning electron microscope photographs, a key, and diagnoses of the known species are provided.
Published: 2016
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119. The genus Anacaena Thomson from the Ryukyu Archipelago of Japan (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)

Author: Yûsuke N. Minoshima, Yuuki Kamite, and Martin Fikáček
Subjects: Hydrophilidae, new species, Insecta, water scavenger beetles, Arthropoda, Hydrophiloidea, Amami Islands, Crenitis, Biota, Coleoptera, Okinawa Islands, Insect Science, Chaetarthriinae, Animalia, aquatic beetles, Anacaenini, Anacaena
Abstract: We review the genus Anacaena Thomson, 1859 from the Ryukyu Archipelago, southern Japan. Three aquatic species are recognised: A. torikaiisp. nov. from Amami-ôshima Island, A. okinawanasp. nov. from Okinawa-jima Island and Kerama Islands, and A. kumejimanasp. nov. from Kumejima Island. All three species are very similar, with the morphology of the aedeagus being essential for a reliable identification. Dorsal colouration is also useful as a diagnostic character, despite some variation within species. We observe a possible geography-based variation between A. okinawana from Okinawa-jima I. and the neighbouring Kerama Is., but we treat both populations as conspecific based on genital morphology. Anacaena kumejimana and A. okinawana share many morphological characters possibly indicating their close relationship. We compare the endemism of aquatic Hydrophilidae in the Ryukyu Archipelago to that in other groups of aquatic beetles: the proportion of endemic species is higher in aquatic Hydrophilidae than in Dytiscidae, but much lower than in stream-inhabiting Hydraenidae and Elmidae. A list of Japanese species of Anacaena and a key to the Japanese species of the genus are provided.
Published: 2023

120. Coprophagous Hydrophilid Beetles (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Sphaeridiinae) Distribution in the Polish Carpathians

Author: Czesław Greń and Andrzej Górz
Subjects: coprophagous beetles, Carpathians, Hydrophilidae, Hill numbers, rarefaction, altitudinal distribution, Science
Abstract: Research on coprophagous beetles of the Hydrophilidae family in the Polish Carpathians was conducted from 2011 to 2013. The beetles were caught using baited traps. The research sites were selected to take into account both the horizontal diversity of habitat conditions and the vertical diversity associated with elevation above sea level. During the study, 9589 coprophagous hydrophilid individuals were collected, representing 17 species and five genera. Two species that were new to Poland were found: Cercyon tatricus and Pachysternum capense. The vertical ranges of the individual species of coprophagous hydrophilid beetles within the Polish Carpathians were determined as well as the elevations above sea level, with the highest and lowest species richness of this group of insects. The capture of Pachysternum capense in the Tatra Mountains may indicate the existence of an unrecognized path of migration of small insects from Southern to Northern Europe. The route and mechanisms of their migration are discussed.
Published: 2020
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121. A revision of the Chinese Helochares (s. str.) Mulsant, 1844 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)

Author: Fenglong Jia and Yu-dan Tang
Subjects: Hydrophilidae, new species, China, Oriental, Palaearctic, Zoology, QL1-991, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract: Representatives of the subgenus Helochares (s. str.) Mulsant, 1844 of China are revised. One new species, H. (s. str.) songi sp. nov., is described from Guangxi, China. All species known from China are redescribed. A diagnosis and a differential diagnosis are provided for each species. Helochares fuliginosus d’Orchymont, 1932 is recorded for the first time from China and Cambodia. Additional distribution records of H. atropiceus Régimbart, 1903 and H. pallens (MacLeay, 1825) are provided from China. The habitus and aedeagus of all species are illustrated, and a key for the identification of Chinese species of the subgenus is provided.
Published: 2018
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122. The beetles of the families Helophoridae, Georissidae, Hydrophilidae, Hydraenidae, and Elmidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) of Kunashir Island and the Lesser Kurils

Author: Yu. N. Sundukov, K.V. Makarov, A. A. Prokin, and S.K. Ryndevich
Subjects: Kunashir, Polyphaga, food.ingredient, biology, Ecology, Fauna, Elmidae, Zoology, Hydraenidae, Plant Science, biology.organism_classification, Hydrophilidae, Enochrus, Hydrophilus, Coleoptera, Geography, food, Insect Science, Animal Science and Zoology, Species richness, Lesser Kurils, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, QH540-549.5
Abstract: The fauna of Kunashir Island and the islands of the Lesser Kuril Chain contains 47 species from 18 genera of Georissidae, Helophoridae, Hydrophilidae, Hydraenidae and Elmidae. Two species (Enochrus vilis (Sharp, 1884) and Ochthebius inermis Sharp, 1884) are recorded for Russia for the first time. Fifteen species are new to the fauna of Kunashir Island and the Lesser Kuriles. The article contains an annotated list of species, including the studied material and published records. The article is illustrated by photographs of habitats and species, maps of their distribution in Kunashir. The relationships between the species richness on an island area and the features of the fauna of Kunashir in comparison with Hokkaido are discussed. The species richness of the studied Polyphaga families in Kunashir is almost 2/3 of the fauna of Hokkaido, while the island's area is 55 times smaller. The reason for the absence of large species of the genera Hydrochara and Hydrophilus in Kunashir is hypothesized to be a restriction of the northern range species boundaries by the July isotherm of +16°С.
Published: 2021

123. Morphology, Anatomy, and Physiological Aspects of Dytiscids

Author: Siegfried Kehl
Subjects: Archostemata, Noteridae, Haliplidae, biology, Dytiscidae, Zoology, Scirtidae, Anatomy, biology.organism_classification, Hydrophilidae, Adephaga, Myxophaga
Abstract: Although the morphology of dytiscids is generally distinct from other aquatic insects, there is considerable variation within this highly diverse family. In the first part of this chapter I discuss the external morphology of adult and larval Dytiscidae, as well as highlight the morphological adaptations to the aquatic environment. In the second part of this chapter the internal anatomy and some physiological aspects, e.g., respiration and digestion, are discussed. The morphology of adult and larval Dytiscidae is very well documented, whereas pupae and the internal anatomy of all stages are neglected. Almost all taxonomic keys (e.g., Epler, The water beetles of Florida – an identification manual for the families Chrysomelidae, Curculionidae, Dryopidae, Dytiscidae, Elmidae, Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, Helophoridae, Hydraenidae, Hydrochidae, Hydrophilidae, Noteridae, Psephenidae, Ptilodactylidae and Scirtidae. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, 2010; Arnett and Thomas, American beetles. Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia, vol 1. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2000; Larson et al., Predaceous diving beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) of the Nearctic region, with emphasis on the fauna of Canada and Alaska. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, 2000; Nilsson and Holmen, The aquatic Adephaga (Coleoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. Dytiscidae. Brill, Leiden, 1995; Franciscolo, Coleoptera-Haliplidae, Hygrobiidae, Gyrinidae, Dytiscidae. Fauna d’Italia, vol. XIV. Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, 1979) give descriptions of the morphology of larvae and adults. Detailed information is also given in some textbooks (e.g., Balke 2005, 7.6. Dytiscidae Leach, 1915. In: Beutel RG, Leschen RAB (eds) Handbook of zoology. Volume IV. Arthropoda: Insecta. Part 38. Coleoptera, Beetles. Volume 1: Morphology and systematics (Archostemata, Adephaga, Myxophaga, Polyphaga partim.). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/New York, 2005, Wesenberg-Lund, Biologie der Susswasserinsekten. Springer, Berlin, p 682, 1943). Internal anatomy and physiological aspects are best documented in larger species (e.g., Dytiscus marginalis). Particularly, Korschelt (1923, 1924) (Bearbeitung einheimischer Tiere. Erste Monographie: Der Gelbrand Dytiscus marginalis L., vol 2, Engelmann, Leipzig, p 863, 1923, Bearbeitung einheimischer Tiere. Erste Monographie: Der Gelbrand Dytiscus marginalis L., vol 2, Engelmann, Leipzig, p 964, 1924) and his academic staff, as well as Blunck (1923) (Z Wiss Zool 100:459–492, 1912a; Z Wiss Zool 102:169–248, 1912b, Z Wiss Zool Leipzig 111:76–151, 1914, Z Wiss Zool Leipzig: 117(1):1–129, 1917, Z Wiss Zool Leipzig 121(2): 172–392, 1923) provide detailed documentation of their observations, experiments, and dissections that occurred almost 100 years ago. These documents still represent some of the best work on these subjects, however new techniques using advanced microscopic and laboratory methods could provide even great insights into the anatomy and physiology of this group of insects.
Published: 2023
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124. A review of Thysanarthria with description of seven new species and comments on its relationship to Chaetarthria (Hydrophilidae: Chaetarthriini).

Author: FIKÁČEK, Martin and Hsing-Che LIU
Subjects: *HYDROPHILIDAE, *MALE reproductive organs, *INSECT anatomy, *SPECIES, *AEDEAGUS
Abstract: The Old World genus Thysanarthria Orchymont, 1926 is reviewed taxonomically and compared to the related genus Chaetarthria Stephens, 1835. Chaetarthria is considered to consist of three groups differing in the morphology of male genitalia and surrounding sclerites: (1) large Old World Chaetarthria which seems to stand apart of the remaining groups, and (2) European Chaetarthria plus (3) American Chaetarthria which both share the male sternite 8 with a long median projection with Thysanarthria. The reduced mesal part of male sternite 9 is shared by European Chaetarthria and Thysanarthria, supporting their close relationship proposed by previous molecular analyses. Sixteen species are recognized within Thysanarthria which differ in the details of the morphology of the aedeagus illustrated for all species. Seven species are described as new: T. bifida sp. nov. (Thailand), T. cardamona sp. nov. (India: Kerala), T. chui sp. nov. (Taiwan), T. persica sp. nov. (southern Iran), T. saurahana sp. nov. (Nepal), T. trifida (Laos), and T. wadicola sp. nov. (Oman). New records are provided for T. ceylonensis Hebauer, 2001 (new to India: Madhya Pradesh), T. championi (Knisch, 1924) (new to Afghanistan, India: Arunachal Pradesh, China: Yunnan, and Myanmar), T. madurensis Hebauer, 2001 (new to Nepal and India: Kerala), and T. siamensis Hebauer, 2001 (new to India: Uttarkhand, Nepal and Laos). Chaetarthriomorphus sulcatus Chiesa, 1967 is revealed as a junior synonym of Chaetarthria championi Knisch, 1924, and lectotypes are designated for both these taxa. An undescribed species of the American group of Chaetarthria is recorded from Saudi Arabia either as an accidental introduction or due to mislabeling; the species is illustrated but not described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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125. Aquatic Coleoptera of North Oman, with description of new species of Hydraenidae and Hydrophilidae.

Author: RIBERA, Ignacio, HERNANDO, Carles, and CIESLAK, Alexandra
Subjects: *HYDROPHILIDAE, *BEETLES, *SPECIES, *DYTISCIDAE, *PENINSULAS, *ORIBATIDAE
Abstract: We report the aquatic Coleoptera (families Dryopidae, Dytiscidae, Georissidae, Gyrinidae, Heteroceridae, Hydraenidae, Hydrophilidae and Limnichidae) from North Oman, mostly based on the captures of fourteen localities sampled by the authors in 2010. Four species are described as new, all from the Al Hajar mountains, three in family Hydraenidae, Hydraena (Hydraena) naja sp. nov., Ochthebius (Ochthebius) alhajarensis sp. nov. (O. punctatus species group) and O. (O.) bernard sp. nov. (O. metallescens species group); and one in family Hydrophilidae, Agraphydrus elongatus sp. nov. Three of the recorded species are new to the Arabian Peninsula, Hydroglyphus farquharensis (Scott, 1912) (Dytiscidae), Hydraena (Hydraenopsis) quadricollis Wollaston, 1864 (Hydraenidae) and Enochrus (Lumetus) cf. quadrinotatus (Guillebeau, 1896) (Hydrophilidae). Ten species already known from the Arabian Peninsula are newly recorded from Oman: Cybister tripunctatus lateralis (Fabricius, 1798) (Dytiscidae), Hydraena (Hydraena) gattolliati Jäch & Delgado, 2010, Ochthebius (Ochthebius) monseti Jä ch & Delgado 2010, Ochthebius (Ochthebius) wurayah Jäch & Delgado, 2010 (all Hydraenidae), Georissus (Neogeorissus) chameleo Fiká č ek & Trá vní č ek, 2009 (Georissidae), Enochrus (Methydrus) cf. tetraspilus Régimbart, 1903, Laccobius (Hydroxenus) leucaspis Kiesenwetter, 1870, Paracymus relaxus Rey, 1884 (all Hydrophilidae), Dryops lutulentus (Erichson, 1947) (Dryopidae), and Augyles flavidus (Rossi, 1794) (Heteroceridae). A total of 73 species of aquatic Coleoptera are presently known from Oman, although this number is expected to increase substantially with further sampling. A checklist of the species of aquatic Coleoptera from the Arabian Peninsula is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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126. Rediscovery of Coelostoma thienemanni (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): the first record from continental Asia and correction of its subgeneric assignment.

Author: Fikáček, Martin, Skale, Andre, and Feng-Long Jia
Subjects: *BEETLES, *HYDROPHILIDAE, *SPECIES, *BIOLOGICAL classification
Abstract: We are reporting a recent discovery of Coelostoma (Lachnocoelostoma) thienemanni Orchymont, 1932 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Sphaeridiinae: Coelostomatini) from northern Vietnam, which represents the first record of the species since 1929 and its first record from continental Asia. The species is redescribed and illustrated, and transferred from the subgenus Holocoelostoma Mouchamps, 1958 to Lachnocoelostoma Mouchamps, 1958. The species is unusual among Asian Coelostoma by its complex three-dimensional shape of the median lobe of the aedeagus, in which it is only similar to C. tangliangi Jia et al., 2017 in Asia. The species is also unusual by its very long dorsal tarsal swimming hairs, indicating that it is an aquatic species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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127. Evaluation of Heavy Element Contamination Levels with the Use of Different Species of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera) in Erzurum Province of Turkey.

Author: AYDOGAN, Zeynep, INCEKARA, Umit, and GUROL, Ali
Subjects: HYDROPHILIDAE, HEAVY elements, BIOLOGICAL monitoring, ENERGY dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, WATER sampling, WATER quality
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Published: 2019
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128. Nymphal feeding habits of two Anacroneuria species (Plecoptera, Perlidae) from Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia.

Author: HURTADO-BORRERO, Yesely M., TAMARIS-TURIZO, Cesar E., LÓPEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, Manuel J., and TIERNO DE FIGUEROA, J. Manuel
Subjects: STONEFLIES, FISH food, AQUATIC insects, SPECIES, PARTICULATE matter, HYDROPHILIDAE
Abstract: The knowledge of the diet of aquatic insects is important to assess the use of resources and overlap of trophic niche between species, as well as to understand their role in the food web of the freshwater ecosystems they inhabit. This is particularly necessary in tropical areas where information on this topic is scarce. The aim of the present work is to describe the feeding habits of the species Anacroneuria marta Zúñiga & Stark, 2002 and A. caraca Stark, 1995 in the middle section of the Río Gaira (Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia). We sampled nymphs on three dates during the rainy and dry seasons in two major different microhabitats of the reach (leaf accumulations and gravel) in 2014. The nymphal diet of a total of 87 and 90 individuals of A. caraca and A. marta, respectively, was studied. With this information, niche breadth for each species and niche overlap between them in terms of trophic resources were calculated. The major trophic resource for both species in the dry and rainy season was the invertebrate animal matter. In the dry season, fine particulate organic matter was also important in the diet of A. caraca, and A. marta ingested a large quantity of coarse particulate organic matter in the rainy season. Larvae of Trichoptera were the most ingested prey in both species, followed by larvae of Chironomidae, Coleoptera Hydrophilidae, and nymphs of Ephemeroptera. No differences in diet between both species were detected, so this could favor niche overlap in terms of trophic resources and could lead to competition between them. The possible ecological scenarios are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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129. Morphology and biology of the flower-visiting water scavenger beetle genus Rygmodus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae).

Author: MINOSHIMA, Yûsuke N., SEIDEL, Matthias, WOOD, Jamie R., LESCHEN, Richard A. B., GUNTER, Nicole L., and FIKÁČEK, Martin
Subjects: *GENETIC barcoding, *HYDROPHILIDAE, *TAXONOMY, *LARVAE, *BEETLES
Abstract: Hydrophilidae (water scavenger beetles) is well known as an aquatic beetle family; however, it contains ca. 1,000 secondarily terrestrial species derived from aquatic ancestors. The New Zealand endemic genus Rygmodus White is a member of the hydrophilid subfamily Cylominae, which is the early-diverging taxon of the largest terrestrial lineage (Cylominae + Sphaeridiinae) within the Hydrophilidae. In this paper we report that Rygmodus beetles are pollen-feeding flower visitors as adults, but aquatic predators as larvae. Based on analyses of gut contents and a summary of collecting records reported on museum specimen labels, adult Rygmodus beetles are generalists feeding on pollen of at least 13 plant families. Rygmodus adult mouthparts differ from those of other (saprophagous) hydrophilid beetles in having the simple scoop- like apex and mola with roughly denticulate surface, resembling the morphology found in pollen-feeding staphylinid beetles. Larvae were found along the sides of streams, under stones and in algal mats and water-soaked moss; one collected larval specimen was identified using DNA barcoding of two molecular markers, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (cox1) and nuclear histone 3 (H3). Larvae of two species, Rygmodus modestus and Rygmodus sp., are described in detail and illustrated; they closely resemble ambush-type predatory larvae of the hydrophilid tribe Hydrophilini in the head morphology. Rygmodus is the only known hydrophilid beetle with adults and larvae inhabiting different environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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130. New distributional records of Hydrophilidae Latreille, 1802 (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea) from Brazil.

Author: da Silva, Gizelle Rodrigues, Clarkson, Bruno, and Lima, Lucas Ramos Costa
Subjects: *HYDROPHILIDAE, *SURVEYS
Abstract: A survey of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea) from Baixo Parnaíba Sub-basin, north of Piauí (Northeast Region of Brazil) is provided here. A total of 288 specimens, from 7 genera and 13 species, were collected between January 2015 and March 2016 in 15 localities. Six species are recorded for the first time from the State of Piauí: Berosus firmius Orchymont, 1940; Derallus ambitus Orchymont, 1940; Helochares (Helochares) abbreviatus (Fabricius, 1801); Hemiosus (Hemiosus) mornarius Orchymont, 1940; Hydrophilus ensifer Brullé, 1837 and Enochrus (Methydrus) venezuelensis Fernández, 1988. Moreover, the last species aforementioned is recorded for the first time from Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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131. An annotated checklist of Iranian aquatic Polyphaga: Georissidae, Helophoridae, Hydrochidae, Spercheidae, Curculionidae and Erirhinidae (Insecta: Coleoptera).

Author: Darilmaz, Mustafa C., Ostovan, Hadi, Ghahari, Hassan, and Angus, Robert B.
Subjects: *HYDROPHILIDAE, *CURCULIONIDAE
Abstract: The checklist comprises all species of six families of Iranian aquatic Polyphaga (Coleoptera). In total, 43 species/subspecies within the families, Georissidae (one species), Helophoridae (25 species and two subspecies), Hydrochidae (three species), Spercheidae (one species), Curculionidae (nine species) and Erirhinidae (two species) are listed for the fauna of Iran. Helophorus (Rhopalohelophorus) nanus Sturm, 1836 (Helophoridae) is recorded for the first time from Iran. We also present two additional species lists: one with incorrect records (one species) and the other with unidentified species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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132. Comparative analysis of diagnostic and phylogenetic chaetotaxic characters of Berosus Leach and their implications on the relationships of the tribe Berosini (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae).

Author: Rodriguez, Georgina, Archangelsky, Miguel, Michat, Mariano Cruz, and María Torres, Patricia Laura
Subjects: HYDROPHILIDAE, LARVAL behavior, CHAETOTAXY, MORPHOMETRICS
Abstract: Abstract Larvae of water scavenger beetles are found in all types of aquatic and semi-aquatic environments and play an important role in the structure of these communities. Despite their diversity, morphological characters that allow the identification of larvae at species level are usually inconspicuous. In this paper we analyze the head capsule and mouthparts chaetotaxy of hydrophilid larvae belonging to the tribe Berosini, with the purpose of identifying variations on the external sensory organs that may be used for species delimitations. We focus on two species of Berosus Leach (Berosus festivus Berg, 1885 and Berosus patruelis Berg, 1885) and compare larval structures within Berosus and among other genera of Berosini. We include morphometric characters together with detailed illustrations of all characters, SEM images of selected structures and micrographs of a sensory organ present on the inner margin of the first antennomere which is a novelty within larval Coleoptera. Our analysis shows that the number, shape, relative position and organization of sensilla, especially those of labroclypeus and mouthparts, provide diagnostic characters for the separation of Berosus species. Also, we found a new set of characters derived from chaetotaxy that supports current phylogenetic relationships within the tribe Berosini. Most of these chaetic characters are associated with structures that have undergone strong modifications as adaptation to a benthic lifestyle in the clade Berosus + Hemiosus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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133. Biology and morphology of immature stages of banana-associated Protosternum beetles, with comments on the status of Taiwanese endemic P. abnormale (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae).

Author: Fikáček, Martin, Liang, Wei-Ren, Hsiao, Yun, Jia, Fenglong, and Vondráček, Dominik
Subjects: BEETLES, HYDROPHILIDAE, MUSACEAE, LARVAL behavior
Abstract: Abstract The available data on the biology of the water scavenger beetle genus Protosternum Sharp, 1890 (Hydrophilidae: Sphaeridiinae: Protosternini) are summarized, indicating an obligate association of Protosternum beetles with banana plants (Musaceae): they inhabit decaying tissues of old banana stems in which adult feeding, larval development and pupation takes place. Second and third instar larvae and pupa of the Taiwanese-endemic P. abnormale (Orchymont, 1913) are described in detail, based on field-collected specimens associated with co-occurring adults by cox1 DNA barcodes. Larvae are unique in the Hydrophiloidea by having strongly asymmetrical mouthparts with a large basal bifid tooth on the right mandible, indicating a specialized prey preference. Putative larval synapomorphies of the Protosternini are revealed, based on the comparison of the Protosternum larva with that of Sphaerocetum. Taxonomic status of P. abnormale is revealed to be confused by previous authors due to the absence of male specimens and is clarified here. Two new species are described based on specimens previously misidentified as P. abnormale : P. malayanum sp. nov. from Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia, and P. hainanense sp. nov. from Hainan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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134. Synergetic effect of hydrochar on the transport of anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the presence of phosphate in saturated quartz sand.

Author: Cheng, Xueying, Xu, Nan, Huangfu, Xinxing, Zhou, Xing, and Zhang, Mo
Subjects: NANOPARTICLES, TITANIUM dioxide, HYDROCHARA, TITANIUM oxides, HYDROPHILIDAE
Abstract: The rapid development of nanomaterials has led to the unavoidable leakage and release of nanoparticles (NPs) into soil and the underlying groundwater. It is possible for chars and phosphate introduced into soil to improve crop soil properties by improving contact with NPs. In this study, the influences of hydrochar and/or phosphate on the anatase nTiO2 transport behaviors were investigated under different conditions. The breakthrough curves (BTCs) and retention profiles were obtained by the saturated sand column experiments. The additional analysis of zeta potentials, sedimentation kinetics, Raman mapping, and the two-site kinetic attachment model (TSKAM) was conducted to explore the possible underlying mechanisms. The simultaneous presence of phosphate and hydrochar acted in a synergetic fashion to enhance the transport of nTiO2 in a sand medium compared to the facilitated effect of single phosphate or hydrochar. The higher levels of hydrochar induce the more nTiO2 in the high IC solution passing through the saturated sand columns in the co-presence of phosphate. It was attributed to the competitive adsorption of hydrochar with nTiO2 to the sand site and the phosphate adsorption on nTiO2 occurred simultaneously through the sand columns. The fitting results of BTCs using TSKAM showed that the value of k2 for nTiO2 (the irreversible attachment coefficient at site 2) was smaller than that of k1d/k1 (the first-order reversible detachment and attachment coefficient at site 1, respectively), suggesting irreversible retention of anatase nTiO2 at site 1. The value of k1d/k1 could be better used to explain the retention of nTiO2 with combined phosphate and hydrochar. This study provides insight into the implications of phosphate and/or hydrochar for nTiO2 transport in crop soil environments.ᅟ [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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135. Revision of Chaetarthria Stephens (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) in China, with a key to the species in the Oriental Region.

Author: Jia, Fenglong, Wang, Shi-shuai, and Aston, Paul
Subjects: *BEETLES, *INSECTS, *HYDROPHILIDAE, *SPECIES distribution, *CLASSIFICATION of insects
Abstract: Five species of Chaetarthria, are reported from China, of which one new species, C. kuiyanae sp. nov. from Yunnan, is described. Three other species, C. almorana from Yunnan, C. saundersi from Hainan, Jiangxi and Hong Kong, and C. malickyi from Yunnan, are additions to the Chinese fauna. C. indica is recorded for the first time from Jiangxi, Yunnan and Guangdong Provinces. In addition, Chaetarthria sp. from Guangxi is described based on three female specimens. A key to Chinese Chaetarthria Stephens is provided. www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8C5C12EE-94C7-4928-B91C-0DE17440A7C9 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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136. Larval chaetotaxy and morphometry of Oosternum costatum (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) including a discussion of larval characters with phylogenetic relevance.

Author: ARCHANGELSKY, Miguel
Subjects: *STAPHYLINIDAE, *CHAETOTAXY, *HYDROPHILIDAE, *INSECT larvae, *BEETLES, *MORPHOMETRICS
Abstract: The primary and secondary chaetotaxy of the head capsule and head appendages of the fi rst and third larval instars of Oosternum costatum (LeConte, 1855) (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Sphaeridiinae, Megasternini) are described for the fi rst time. Morphometric characters derived from the head capsule and mouthparts are included, together with detailed illustrations of all characters. The morphology and chaetotaxy of these larvae is compared to that of other larvae of the tribe Megasternini, confirming that chaetotaxy is a useful source of characters for phylogenetic analyses. Comparative notes with Sphaeridium Fabricius, 1775 (Sphaeridiini) are also included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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137. Transoceanic Stepping–stones between Cretaceous waterfalls? The enigmatic biogeography of pantropical Oocyclus cascade beetles.

Author: Toussaint, Emmanuel F.A. and Short, Andrew E.Z.
Subjects: *BIOGEOGRAPHY, *BEETLES, *FRESHWATER habitats, *PHYLOGENY, *HYDROPHILIDAE
Abstract: Beetles have colonized freshwater habitats multiple times throughout their evolutionary history. Some of these aquatic lineages are associated exclusively with waterfall–like habitats, often with modified morphologies to cope with their unusual way of life. The historical biogeography of such cascade beetle lineages has been shown to strongly reflect ancient tectonic events. We focus on the pantropical genus Oocyclus of which species dwell in waterfalls and associated habitats. We infer the first molecular phylogeny of Oocyclus using a dataset of seven gene fragments. We recover a well resolved phylogenetic hypothesis, with a monophyletic Oocyclus divided in three genetically well–differentiated subclades which correspond to geography. Comparative dating analyses across Hydrophilidae based on ten fossil calibrations recover a Cretaceous origin for the genus. Based on a comprehensive suite of ancestral range analyses, we suggest a unique pattern with an origin in Southeast Asia followed by the successive colonization of India and the Neotropics via transoceanic stepping–stone dispersal. Diversification rate analyses support a scenario in which old Oocyclus lineages diversified slowly with a homogeneous rate regime. Waterfall beetle radiations are ancient and remarkably track Earth’s paleogeological history, shedding light on intricate patterns of macroevolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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138. Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae).

Author: Girón, Jennifer C. and Short, Andrew Edward Z.
Subjects: *HYDROPHILIDAE, *BIOLOGICAL classification, *WATER seepage, *SPECIALIST species
Abstract: Recent collecting efforts in the Neotropics have led to the discovery of numerous new species and lineages of aquatic beetles. Here, three new genera are described to accommodate fifteen new species of water scavenger beetles of the subfamily Acidocerinae from northern South America: Crucisternum gen. n. for C. escalera sp. n. (Venezuela), C. ouboteri sp. n. (Guyana, French Guiana, Suriname, Venezuela), C. queneyi sp. n. (French Guiana), C. sinuatus sp. n. (Brazil), C. toboganensis sp. n. (Venezuela), C. vanessae sp. n. (Suriname), and C. xingu sp. n. (Brazil); Katasophistes gen. n. for K. charynae sp. n. (Peru), K. cuzco sp. n. (Peru), K. merida sp. n. (Venezuela) and K. superficialis sp. n. (Ecuador); and Nanosaphes gen. n. for N. castaneus sp. n. (Brazil), N. hesperus sp. n. (Suriname), N. punctatus sp. n. (Guyana), and N. tricolor sp. n. (Guyana, Suriname). It was also found that the monotypic Neotropical endemic genus Dieroxenus Spangler, 1979, syn. n. is congeneric with Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 resulting in the single new combination Chasmogenus cremnobates (Spangler, 1979), comb. n.. Katasophistes merida sp. n. is known exclusively from seepage habitats, while the remaining taxa described herein are primarily associated with the margins of densely forested streams. Diagnoses, illustrations, distribution maps, and habitat summaries are provided for all new genera and species. A key to the genera of Acidocerinae of the New World is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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139. Colonization across gradients of risk and reward: Nutrients and predators generate species‐specific responses among aquatic insects.

Author: Pintar, Matthew R., Bohenek, Jason R., Eveland, Lauren L., and Resetarits, William J.
Subjects: *COLONIZATION (Ecology), *AQUATIC insects, *PREDATORY animals, *CULEX, *OVIPARITY
Abstract: Abstract: Predation risk and resource abundance are two primary characteristics that determine species abundances and community composition. Colonizing organisms should attempt to minimize the risk of mortality and maximize growth through selection of patches with the highest expected fitness. However, maximizing fitness across multiple gradients of patch quality involves accurate cue assessment, integration and behavioural responses that consider multiple factors that affect fitness simultaneously. Our goal was to simultaneously and factorially assess the effects of predation risk and resource abundance among an assemblage of aquatic insects to determine the relative importance of each factor, and whether the two factors interact to affect colonization, oviposition and community assembly. We conducted a field mesocosm experiment in which we crossed predator density (0, 1, 2 fish, Fundulus chrysotus) with supplemental nutrient abundance (0, 4, 8 g rabbit chow) in a 3 × 3 factorial design. We then assayed colonization by natural populations of aquatic beetles and oviposition by natural populations of Culex mosquitoes. We observed species‐specific responses, with many species avoiding fish and some selecting habitats with more nutrients. Nutrients and predator presence only interactively affected oviposition by Culex mosquitoes, and the effect of fish presence exceeded that of nutrients in all but one analysis. Our results illustrate the primacy of predation risk in generating colonization patterns and structuring communities in aquatic habitats, but that colonization responses to variation in multiple components of patch quality are often species‐specific. Simultaneous assessments of multiple aspects of patch quality allow for the determination of potential interactions among cue sources and the relative importance of various patch characteristics to colonizers. A plain language summary is available for this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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140. Application of hydrochar and pyrochar to manure is not effective for mitigation of ammonia emissions from cattle slurry and poultry manure.

Author: Gronwald, M., Helfrich, M., Don, A., Fuß, R., Well, R., and Flessa, H.
Subjects: *POULTRY manure, *AGRICULTURAL biotechnology, *HYDROCHARA, *HYDROPHILIDAE, *EMISSION control
Abstract: Nitrogen (N) loss as ammonia (NH3) from agricultural systems is one of the major sources of atmospheric pollutants and is responsible for more than 50% of global NH3 emissions. Ammonia volatilization from animal manures may be altered by amendment with chars derived from pyrolysis (pyrochars) or hydrothermal carbonization (hydrochars) by providing exchange sites for ammonium (NH4+) or changing the pH of manure. Pyrochar and hydrochar differ in chemical and structural composition, specific surface area, and pH and therefore may affect NH3 volatilization differently. In a laboratory incubation experiment, we investigated the effect of pyrochar (pH 9.0) and hydrochar (pH 3.8) from Miscanthus on NH3 emission after addition to poultry manure and cattle slurry. We analyzed manure treatments with and without char addition and acidification and determined the effect of char addition on immobilization of manure-derived NH4+. Ammonia emission from pure poultry manure amounted 84% of the applied NH4+-N, while 67% of the applied NH4+-N was lost as NH3 from cattle slurry. Addition of pyrochar or hydrochar had no or only marginal effects on NH3 emissions except for a reduction in NH3 emissions by 19% due to hydrochar application to CS (p < 0.05), which seems to be primarily related to the char pH. Sorption of NH4+ by admixture of chars to manure was generally small: between 0.1- and 0.5-mg NH4+-N g−1 chars were sorbed. This corresponds to between 0.1 and 3.5% of the NH4+ applied, which obviously was not strong enough to reduce emissions of NH3. Overall, our results do not provide evidence that addition of pyrochar or hydrochar to cattle slurry and poultry manure is an effective measure to reduce NH3 volatilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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141. Multiple origins of the <italic>Phaenonotum</italic> beetles in the Greater Antilles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): phylogeny, biogeography and systematics.

Author: Deler-Hernández, Albert, Sýkora, Vít, Seidel, Matthias, Cala-Riquelme, Franklyn, and Fikáček, Martin
Subjects: *INSECT phylogeny, *GEOGRAPHICAL distribution of insects, *CLASSIFICATION of insects, *HYDROPHILIDAE, *COLONIZATION (Ecology)
Abstract: The systematics and the phylogenetic position of the Caribbean representatives of Phaenonotum Sharp (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) are investigated to understand the composition of the Caribbean fauna and its origin. Phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes has revealed the Caribbean species to be situated in three deeply nested clades, inferring multiple colonization of Caribbean islands from the continent. Time-tree analysis and BioGeoBEARS analyses of ancestral ranges estimated the oldest clade, consisting of wingless single-island endemics of Cuba (P. delgadoi), Jamaica (P. ondreji sp. nov.) and Hispaniola (P. laterale sp. nov.), to have diverged c. 46.6 Mya from the South American ancestor and subsequently colonizing the Caribbean most likely via the GAARlandia land bridge connecting South America with the Greater Antilles. The remaining three Caribbean species, including the Puerto Rican endemic, P. borinquenum sp. nov., are of more recent (Miocene to Pliocene) origin and colonized the Greater Antilles by over-water dispersal. All the Caribbean species are illustrated and diagnosed, and three new species are described. The genus Phaenonotum, excluding P. caribense Archangelsky, is confirmed as a monophylum. We demonstrate that species-level taxonomy of Phaenonotum is difficult to solve by morphology alone and ideally requires the combination of morphology and molecular markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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142. Annotated checklist of Iranian Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera: Polyphaga: Hydrophiloidea).

Author: Gentili, Elio, Ostovan, Hadi, Ghahari, Hassan, and Komarek, Albrecht
Subjects: *HYDROPHILIDAE, *BEETLES
Abstract: This checklist comprises all species of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea) quoted in the literature referring to Iran and confirmed by our study. In total, 104 species within 17 genera and five subfamilies, Hydrophilinae (eight genera, 63 species), Chaetarthriinae (three genera, five species), Enochrinae (single genus, 20 species), Acidocerinae (single genus, three species) and Sphaeridiinae (four genera, 13 species), are listed for the fauna of Iran. Three species are endemic; four species are recorded here for the first time from Iran, and nine species are excluded from Iranian fauna. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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143. A faunistic study of genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of China (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae).

Author: Fenglong Jia and Yu-dan Tang
Subjects: *SCIENTIFIC discoveries, *BEETLES, *HYDROPHILIDAE, *INSECT morphology, *GENITALIA
Abstract: Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 is newly reported from the Chinese Mainland. A new species, C. parorbus sp. n., is described from China (Yunnan). Chasmogenus orbus Watanabe, 1987 is reported from Hong Kong, the first record outside Japan. Chasmogenus abnormalis (Sharp, 1890) is reported from the Chinese mainland for the first time. The male genitalia of each species are illustrated. A key to the Chinese species of the genus is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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144. Stress signals of water scavenger beetles Berosus frontifoveatus Kuwert, 1888 and Berosus spinosus Steven, 1808 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Author: Semen Yu. Kustov, Elena Yu. Rodionova, Alexey S. Sazhnev, and Alexey A. Miroliubov
Subjects: biology, Chemistry, Zoology, Berosus frontifoveatus, Hydrophilidae, biology.organism_classification, Scavenger (chemistry)
Abstract: The study of acoustic signals from various representatives of insects, and in particular coleopterans, has a long history. In the Russian-language literature, systematic, faunistic and ecological studies on aquatic beetles, including those on the family Hydrophilidae, are widely known; however, studies on the bioacoustics of the coleopteran group are quite rare. The aim of our study was to study stress signals of two species of Hydrophilidae – Berosus frontifoveatus Kuwert, 1888 and Berosus spinosus Steven, 1808. The sounds of adults were recorded using a Behringer ECM8000 measuring condenser microphone. The sounds of B. spinosus males have a maximum frequency of occurrence in the range of 3729.31–4013.75 Hz, sounds of B. frontifoveatus is 4895.42–5842.76 Hz. The sounds of B. spinosus females have a maximum frequency of occurrence between 2585.98 and 2807.82 Hz. The sounds of B. frontifoveatus females have a maximum performance of the dominant frequency in the range of 2745.21–3476.23 Hz.
Published: 2021
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145. Species of the Subgenus Lumetus Zaitzev (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae: Enochrus Thomson) of the Fauna of Russia and Adjacent Countries

Author: Alexander A. Prokin, Alexey S. Sazhnev, and Stanislav V. Litovkin
Subjects: food.ingredient, biology, Fauna, Line drawings, Zoology, Hydrophilidae, biology.organism_classification, Enochrus, Aedeagus, food, Genus, Insect Science, Key (lock), Subgenus
Abstract: Eleven species of the subgenus Lumetus Zaitzev, 1908 of the genus Enochrus Thomson, 1859 are recorded from Russia and adjacent countries. Enochrus ater (Kuwert, 1888) is recorded for the first time from Ukraine and Kyrgyzstan; E. bicolor (Fabricius, 1792), from Kyrgyzstan; E. fuscipennis (Thomson, 1884), from Georgia; E. segmentinotatus (Kuwert, 1888), from Ukraine. The aedeagus structure and the method of male genitalia preparation are discussed. An annotated list and a key to the species illustrated with original photographs and line drawings are provided, and the variability of the species is characterized. Placement of E. puetzi Hebauer, 1995 in the subgenus Lumetus is confirmed. A new synonymy is established: Enochrus ochropterus (Marsham, 1802) = Philhydrus ferrugineus Motschulsky, 1849, syn. n. The lectotype and paralectotype of Ph. ferrugineus are designated. The taxonomic status of E. asiaticus (Kuwert, 1893), E. calabricus (Ferro, 1976), and E. sahlbergi (Fauvel, 1887) is discussed.
Published: 2021
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146. Première observation de Pachysternum capense (Mulsant, 1844) dans les Hautes-Pyrénées (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Sphaeridiinae).

Author: LESSIEUR, David
Subjects: HYDROPHILIDAE, BEETLES
Abstract: Copyright of R.A.R.E - Association Roussillonnaise d'Entomologie is the property of Association Roussillonnaise d Entomologie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Published: 2023

147. Larvae of the water scavenger beetle, Hydrophilus acuminatus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) are specialist predators of snails

Author: Toshio INODA, Yuta INODA, and June Kathyleen RULLAN
Subjects: coleoptera, hydrophilidae, hydrophilus acuminatus, feeding preferences, snail specialist, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract: Hydrophilus acuminatus larvae are known to feed on aquatic prey. However, there is no quantitative study of their feeding habits. In order to determine the feeding preferences and essential prey of larvae of H. acuminatus, both field and laboratory experiments were carried out. Among the five potential species of prey, Austropeplea ollula (Mollusca: Lymnaeidae), Physa acuta (Mollusca: Physidae), Asellus hilgendorfi (Crustacea: Asellidae), Palaemon paucidens (Crustacea: Palaemonidae) and larvae of Propsilocerus akamusi (Insecta: Chironomidae), the first instar larvae of H. acuminatus strongly prefered the Austropeplea and Physa snails in both cafeteria and single-prey species experiments. Larvae that were provided with only snails also successfully developed into second instar larvae, while larvae fed Palaemon, Propsilocerus larvae or Asellus died during the first instar. In addition, the size of adult H. acuminatus reared from first-instar larvae and fed only snails during their entire development was not different from that of adult H. acuminatus collected in the field. This indicates that even though the larvae of H. acuminatus can feed on several kinds of invertebrates, they strongly prefer snails and without them cannot complete their development.
Published: 2015
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148. Cuticle hydrocarbons in saline aquatic beetles

Author: María Botella-Cruz, Adrián Villastrigo, Susana Pallarés, Elena López-Gallego, Andrés Millán, and Josefa Velasco
Subjects: CHC profile, Desiccation resistance, Dytiscidae, Hydrophilidae, Waterproofing cuticle, Salinity, Medicine, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Hydrocarbons are the principal component of insect cuticle and play an important role in maintaining water balance. Cuticular impermeability could be an adaptative response to salinity and desiccation in aquatic insects; however, cuticular hydrocarbons have been poorly explored in this group and there are no previous data on saline species. We characterized cuticular hydrocarbons of adults and larvae of two saline aquatic beetles, namely Nebrioporus baeticus (Dytiscidae) and Enochrus jesusarribasi (Hydrophilidae), using a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer. The CHC profile of adults of both species, characterized by a high abundance of branched alkanes and low of unsaturated alkenes, seems to be more similar to that of some terrestrial beetles (e.g., desert Tenebrionidae) compared with other aquatic Coleoptera (freshwater Dytiscidae). Adults of E. jesusarribasi had longer chain compounds than N. baeticus, in agreement with their higher resistance to salinity and desiccation. The more permeable cuticle of larvae was characterized by a lower diversity in compounds, shorter carbon chain length and a higher proportion of unsaturated hydrocarbons compared with that of the adults. These results suggest that osmotic stress on aquatic insects could exert a selection pressure on CHC profile similar to aridity in terrestrial species.
Published: 2017
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149. Differences between beetle communities colonizing cattle and horse dung

Author: Radosław MROCZYŃSKI and Karol KOMOSIŃSKI
Subjects: coleoptera, aphodiidae, hydrophilidae, ptiliidae, staphylinidae, cow dung, horse dung, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract: Piles of fresh cow and horse dung were placed in a pasture in Dziarny in north-east Poland. The differences between the beetle communities colonizing both types of dung at various stages of succession were analyzed. Beetles were sampled 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 days after placing the piles of dung in the pasture. A total of 5 343 individuals belonging to 125 species and 10 families were collected in 24 samples. None of the species of beetles collected colonized exclusively one type of dung. Several taxa showed a clear preference for cow or horse dung. Beetle succession proceeded faster in horse dung and there were significant differences in the dominant species recorded in the two types of dung. The reasons for the reported patterns are discussed.
Published: 2014
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150. Predation on the egg of Coelostoma stultum (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) by the alien species Deroceras laeve (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Agriolimacidae)

Author: Takuma Haga and Ryosuke Matsushima
Subjects: Agriolimacidae, biology, Deroceras, Zoology, biology.organism_classification, Hydrophilidae, Deroceras laeve, Predation, Genus, Gastropoda, Genetics, Animal Science and Zoology, Mollusca, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Slugs are polyphagous herbivores that damage various crops. The genus Deroceras is primarily herbivorous; however, certain species are known to feed on various types of organic matter. In this stud...
Published: 2021
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