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Isoprene is one of the specific biomarkers of liver disease in human exhaled gas, which should be detected with a high response at an order of ppb in actual application.

The Dongsha Continental Margin (DCM) projects seaward and is situated in the path of bottom currents coming through the only deep-water exchange passage, the Luzon Strait between the South China Sea (SCS) and the western Pacific Ocean. This provides an opportunity to observe the different interaction between the two wings of the convex margin and the bottom currents, and help understand the corresponding implications for provenance, debris transportation, and sedimentation in such an environment. The convexity of the DCM causes its eastern flank to shrink against upcoming bottom currents and internal solitary waves (ISWs), producing a funneling effect and forming strong erosion grooves or strips, remnant seamounts, and large seafloor coarse debris dunes. The concavity of the western flank induces the expansion of bottom currents that flow around the plateau, resulting in a depositional zone with weak erosion that mainly interacts with bottom currents and gravity flow. The strong erosion on the DCM caused by the bottom current forms the primary provenance of the deep-water environment, while the nepheloid layer that entraps the fine debris of the gravity flow that derives from Taiwan and that is transported by the bottom current is the secondary provenance. The different coupling patterns between the bottom currents and the two flanks determine the different modes of debris transportation and deposition. Debris eroded by the currents is mainly transported by the gravity flow on the eastern flank while sweeping of the outer shelf and upper slope by eddy currents, progradation of the gravity flow, and reworking by the bottom current mainly occur on the western flank. Two types of morphological breaks, namely, continental slope break and bottom-current slope break, have developed on the DCM. They control the evolution of the flow regime of the multi-layer bottom currents and the gravity flow of the DCM as well as the effects of erosion and deposition. These two types of slope breaks are coupled and form an area in front of Dongsha Island with the highest deposition rate in the SCS.

lt;bgt;Background and Objectives:lt;/bgt; The NRG1 fusion protein is a driving factor for the occurrence and development of many tumours. We aimed to evaluate the effects of oncogene Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) on the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells.lt;bgt;Materials and Methods:lt;/bgt; Target gene NRG1 was transfected into breast cancer cells using the gene transfection technique and the migration ability of cells was observed by wound healing assay. The migration and invasion abilities of cells were further observed by Transwell assay and cell apoptosis was observed by TUNEL staining. The cell cycle distribution of breast cancer cells was detected by flow cytometry.lt;bgt;Results:lt;/bgt; The wound healing assay exhibited that breast cancer cells overexpressing NRG1 exhibited stronger migration (p = 0.0047). More breast cancer cells of up-regulating NRG1 penetrated the transwell chamber, showing enhanced invasion ability (p = 0.0029). The TUNEL assay and flow cytometry demonstrated that NRG1 inhibited cell apoptosis and made them enter the active division stage.lt;bgt;Conclusion:lt;/bgt; The NRG1 can promote the malignant function of breast cancer cells by augmenting migration and invasion abilities. High expression of NRG1 remarkably suppressed the apoptosis of breast cancer cells.

Supramolecular host–guest systems are generally at thermodynamic equilibrium states or in kinetically trapped states. Herein, we demonstrate the concept of a chemical fuel-driven competitive host–g...