49,124 results on '"Harman A"'
Search Results
102. Subsurface structure of Bali Island inferred from magnetic and gravity modeling: new insights into volcanic activity and migration of volcanic centers
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Suryanata, Putu Billy, Bijaksana, Satria, Dahrin, Darharta, Nugraha, Andri Dian, Harlianti, Ulvienin, Putra, Putu Raditya Ambara, Fajar, Silvia Jannatul, Suandayani, Ni Komang Tri, Pratama, Aditya, Gumilang, Mukhamad Fajar, Al Basyarah, Wisandie Syah, Paramartha, I. Komang Agus Aditya, Amir, Harman, and Nobes, David C.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
103. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Emergency Department Wait Times for Headache
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Pierre Louis, Kaniya M. and Harman, Jeffrey S.
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- 2024
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- View/download PDF
104. Mixed-integer linear programming for computing optimal experimental designs
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Harman, Radoslav and Rosa, Samuel
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Statistics - Computation ,62K05, 62J05, 90C11, 90C22 - Abstract
The problem of computing an exact experimental design that is optimal for the least-squares estimation of the parameters of a regression model is considered. We show that this problem can be solved via mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) for a wide class of optimality criteria, including the criteria of A-, I-, G- and MV-optimality. This approach improves upon the current state-of-the-art mathematical programming formulation, which uses mixed-integer second-order cone programming. The key idea underlying the MILP formulation is McCormick relaxation, which critically depends on finite interval bounds for the elements of the covariance matrix of the least-squares estimator corresponding to an optimal exact design. We provide both analytic and algorithmic methods for constructing these bounds. We also demonstrate the unique advantages of the MILP approach, such as the possibility of incorporating multiple design constraints into the optimization problem, including constraints on the variances and covariances of the least-squares estimator., Comment: Accepted manuscript
- Published
- 2023
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105. Coarse-to-Fine Contrastive Learning in Image-Text-Graph Space for Improved Vision-Language Compositionality
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Singh, Harman, Zhang, Pengchuan, Wang, Qifan, Wang, Mengjiao, Xiong, Wenhan, Du, Jingfei, and Chen, Yu
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Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
Contrastively trained vision-language models have achieved remarkable progress in vision and language representation learning, leading to state-of-the-art models for various downstream multimodal tasks. However, recent research has highlighted severe limitations of these models in their ability to perform compositional reasoning over objects, attributes, and relations. Scene graphs have emerged as an effective way to understand images compositionally. These are graph-structured semantic representations of images that contain objects, their attributes, and relations with other objects in a scene. In this work, we consider the scene graph parsed from text as a proxy for the image scene graph and propose a graph decomposition and augmentation framework along with a coarse-to-fine contrastive learning objective between images and text that aligns sentences of various complexities to the same image. Along with this, we propose novel negative mining techniques in the scene graph space for improving attribute binding and relation understanding. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach that significantly improves attribute binding, relation understanding, systematic generalization, and productivity on multiple recently proposed benchmarks (For example, improvements upto $18\%$ for systematic generalization, $16.5\%$ for relation understanding over a strong baseline), while achieving similar or better performance than CLIP on various general multimodal tasks., Comment: EMNLP 2023 (long paper, main conference)
- Published
- 2023
106. Image Manipulation via Multi-Hop Instructions -- A New Dataset and Weakly-Supervised Neuro-Symbolic Approach
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Singh, Harman, Garg, Poorva, Gupta, Mohit, Shah, Kevin, Goswami, Ashish, Modi, Satyam, Mondal, Arnab Kumar, Khandelwal, Dinesh, Garg, Dinesh, and Singla, Parag
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
We are interested in image manipulation via natural language text -- a task that is useful for multiple AI applications but requires complex reasoning over multi-modal spaces. We extend recently proposed Neuro Symbolic Concept Learning (NSCL), which has been quite effective for the task of Visual Question Answering (VQA), for the task of image manipulation. Our system referred to as NeuroSIM can perform complex multi-hop reasoning over multi-object scenes and only requires weak supervision in the form of annotated data for VQA. NeuroSIM parses an instruction into a symbolic program, based on a Domain Specific Language (DSL) comprising of object attributes and manipulation operations, that guides its execution. We create a new dataset for the task, and extensive experiments demonstrate that NeuroSIM is highly competitive with or beats SOTA baselines that make use of supervised data for manipulation., Comment: EMNLP 2023 (long paper, main conference)
- Published
- 2023
107. Ultrastable optical, XUV and soft-x-ray clock transitions in open-shell highly charged ions
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Lyu, Chunhai, Keitel, Christoph H., and Harman, Zoltán
- Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics ,Nuclear Experiment ,Nuclear Theory ,Physics - Optics - Abstract
Highly charged ions (HCIs) are insensitive to external perturbations and are attractive for the development of ultrastable clocks. However, only a few HCI candidates are known to provide optical clock transitions. In this Letter, we show that, as a result of strong relativistic effects, there are more than 100 suitable optical HCI clock candidates in more than 70 elements. Their transitions are embedded in the fine-structure splitting of the $nd^4$, $nd^5$ and $nd^6$ ground-state configurations with $n=3,4,5$ being the principal quantum numbers. The corresponding high multipolarity transitions in these ions have lifetimes and quality factors many orders of magnitude longer and larger, respectively, than those in state-of-the-art clocks. Their polarizabilities are also orders of magnitude smaller, rendering them more stable against external electromagnetic fields. Furthermore, within the same electronic configurations, the clock transitions in heavy ions scale up to the XUV and soft-x-ray region, thus enable the development of clocks based on shorter wavelengths. The existence of multiple clock transitions in different charge states of a single element, as well as in a whole isoelectronic sequence, would significantly enrich the detection of fine-structure constant variations, the search for new physics and the test of nuclear theories via high-precision spectroscopy., Comment: 4 pages in main text, 4 figures
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- 2023
108. Discrete pre-Tannakian categories
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Harman, Nate and Snowden, Andrew
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Mathematics - Representation Theory - Abstract
Pre-Tannakian categories are a natural class of tensor categories that can be viewed as generalizations of algebraic groups. We define a pre-Tannkian category to be discrete if it is generated by an \'etale commutative algebra; these categories generalize finite groups. The main theorem of this paper establishes a rough classification of these categories: we show that any discrete pre-Tannakian $\mathcal{C}$ category is associated to an oligomorphic group $G$, via a construction we recently introduced. In certain cases, such as when $\mathcal{C}$ has enough projectives, we completely describe $\mathcal{C}$ in terms of $G$., Comment: 29 pages
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- 2023
109. Instructor Perspectives on Quantitative Reasoning for Critical Citizenship
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Foley, Gregory D., Budhathoki, Deependra, Thapa, Amrit B., and Aryal, Harman P.
- Abstract
A tertiary course in Quantitative Reasoning (QR) has the potential to develop key practical and intellectual skills for citizenship, such as critical thinking, problem solving, quantitative literacy, and oral and written communication. In this article, we present research conducted on four instructors of such a QR course for students enrolled in a wide variety of nonscience degree programs at a university in the United States. The course used a student-inquiry approach to proportional reasoning, probability, statistical reasoning, and mathematical modeling. The findings are framed by a 5 C model of QR, which entails Critical thinking to link real-world Contexts to mathematical Concepts supported by student Collaboration and QR Competencies. The research addressed the questions of how university instructors support student development of the skills needed for critical citizenship and how this support relates to the 5 C model. We found that three of the four instructors viewed critical thinking as a central goal of the QR course and as supporting citizenship education. All four engaged students in tasks designed to develop a combination of skills associated citizenship, including critical thinking, self-questioning, collaboration, and communication. The discussion addresses such issues as the course's merits and challenges, student engagement, the relative importance of the five Cs, the importance of instructional autonomy, and recommendations for related professional development and future research.
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- 2023
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110. Long-term cognitive effects of menopausal hormone therapy: Findings from the KEEPS Continuation Study
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Gleason, Carey E., Dowling, N. Maritza, Kara, Firat, James, Taryn T., Salazar, Hector, Ferrer Simo, Carola A., Harman, Sherman M., Manson, JoAnn E., Hammers, Dustin B., Naftolin, Frederick N., Pal, Lubna, Miller, Virginia M., Cedars, Marcelle I., Lobo, Rogerio A., Malek-Ahmadi, Michael, and Kantarci, Kejal
- Subjects
Hormone therapy -- Patient outcomes ,Cognition -- Testing ,Menopause -- Complications and side effects -- Care and treatment ,Biological sciences - Abstract
Background Findings from Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (KEEPS)-Cog trial suggested no cognitive benefit or harm after 48 months of menopausal hormone therapy (mHT) initiated within 3 years of final menstrual period. To clarify the long-term effects of mHT initiated in early postmenopause, the observational KEEPS Continuation Study reevaluated cognition, mood, and neuroimaging effects in participants enrolled in the KEEPS-Cog and its parent study the KEEPS approximately 10 years after trial completion. We hypothesized that women randomized to transdermal estradiol (tE2) during early postmenopause would show cognitive benefits, while oral conjugated equine estrogens (oCEE) would show no effect, compared to placebo over the 10 years following randomization in the KEEPS trial. Methods and findings The KEEPS-Cog (2005-2008) was an ancillary study to the KEEPS (NCT00154180), in which participants were randomized into 3 groups: oCEE (Premarin, 0.45 mg/d), tE2 (Climara, 50 [mu]g/d) both with micronized progesterone (Prometrium, 200 mg/d for 12 d/mo) or placebo pills and patch for 48 months. KEEPS Continuation (2017-2022), an observational, longitudinal cohort study of KEEPS clinical trial, involved recontacting KEEPS participants approximately 10 years after the completion of the 4-year clinical trial to attend in-person research visits. Seven of the original 9 sites participated in the KEEPS Continuation, resulting in 622 women of original 727 being invited to return for a visit, with 299 enrolling across the 7 sites. KEEPS Continuation participants repeated the original KEEPS-Cog test battery which was analyzed using 4 cognitive factor scores and a global cognitive score. Cognitive data from both KEEPS and KEEPS Continuation were available for 275 participants. Latent growth models (LGMs) assessed whether baseline cognition and cognitive changes during KEEPS predicted cognitive performance at follow-up, and whether mHT randomization modified these relationships, adjusting for covariates. Similar health characteristics were observed at KEEPS randomization for KEEPS Continuation participants and nonparticipants (i.e., women not returning for the KEEPS Continuation). The LGM revealed significant associations between intercepts and slopes for cognitive performance across almost all domains, indicating that cognitive factor scores changed over time. Tests assessing the effects of mHT allocation on cognitive slopes during the KEEPS and across all years of follow-up including the KEEPS Continuation visit were all statistically nonsignificant. The KEEPS Continuation study found no long-term cognitive effects of mHT, with baseline cognition and changes during KEEPS being the strongest predictors of later performance. Cross-sectional comparisons confirmed that participants assigned to mHT in KEEPS (oCEE and tE2 groups) performed similarly on cognitive measures to those randomized to placebo, approximately 10 years after completion of the randomized treatments. These findings suggest that mHT poses no long-term cognitive harm; conversely, it provides no cognitive benefit or protective effects against cognitive decline. Conclusions In these KEEPS Continuation analyses, there were no long-term cognitive effects of short-term exposure to mHT started in early menopause versus placebo. These data provide reassurance about the long-term neurocognitive safety of mHT for symptom management in healthy, recently postmenopausal women, while also suggesting that mHT does not improve or preserve cognitive function in this population., Author(s): Carey E. Gleason 1,2,*, N. Maritza Dowling 3, Firat Kara 4, Taryn T. James 1, Hector Salazar 5, Carola A. Ferrer Simo 1, Sherman M. Harman 6, JoAnn E. [...]
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- 2024
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111. Differentiable modelling to unify machine learning and physical models for geosciences
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Shen, Chaopeng, Appling, Alison P, Gentine, Pierre, Bandai, Toshiyuki, Gupta, Hoshin, Tartakovsky, Alexandre, Baity-Jesi, Marco, Fenicia, Fabrizio, Kifer, Daniel, Li, Li, Liu, Xiaofeng, Ren, Wei, Zheng, Yi, Harman, Ciaran J, Clark, Martyn, Farthing, Matthew, Feng, Dapeng, Kumar, Praveen, Aboelyazeed, Doaa, Rahmani, Farshid, Song, Yalan, Beck, Hylke E, Bindas, Tadd, Dwivedi, Dipankar, Fang, Kuai, Höge, Marvin, Rackauckas, Chris, Mohanty, Binayak, Roy, Tirthankar, Xu, Chonggang, and Lawson, Kathryn
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Information and Computing Sciences ,Machine Learning ,Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD) ,Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence ,Generic health relevance - Abstract
Process-based modelling offers interpretability and physical consistency in many domains of geosciences but struggles to leverage large datasets efficiently. Machine-learning methods, especially deep networks, have strong predictive skills yet are unable to answer specific scientific questions. In this Perspective, we explore differentiable modelling as a pathway to dissolve the perceived barrier between process-based modelling and machine learning in the geosciences and demonstrate its potential with examples from hydrological modelling. ‘Differentiable’ refers to accurately and efficiently calculating gradients with respect to model variables or parameters, enabling the discovery of high-dimensional unknown relationships. Differentiable modelling involves connecting (flexible amounts of) prior physical knowledge to neural networks, pushing the boundary of physics-informed machine learning. It offers better interpretability, generalizability, and extrapolation capabilities than purely data-driven machine learning, achieving a similar level of accuracy while requiring less training data. Additionally, the performance and efficiency of differentiable models scale well with increasing data volumes. Under data-scarce scenarios, differentiable models have outperformed machine-learning models in producing short-term dynamics and decadal-scale trends owing to the imposed physical constraints. Differentiable modelling approaches are primed to enable geoscientists to ask questions, test hypotheses, and discover unrecognized physical relationships. Future work should address computational challenges, reduce uncertainty, and verify the physical significance of outputs.
- Published
- 2023
112. Clonal haematopoiesis: an emerging causal risk factor for atherosclerotic CVD
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Harman, Jennifer
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- 2024
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113. Determination of Science Students' Awareness on Waste Management
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Harman, Gonca and Yenikalayci, Nisa
- Abstract
In this research, it was aimed to determine science students' awareness on waste management. Eleven students studying in the first year of the Science Education Department participated in the research. The screening model was used in the research. The data were collected through scientific newspapers prepared in line with the Scientific Newspaper Preparation Instruction within the Scope of Waste Management. In the five sections of the instruction, students were asked to prepare scientific newspapers that they will support with written explanations and drawings on recovery, reuse, recycling, plastic bag usage, and zero waste within waste management. The data were analyzed by using content analysis. As a result of the research, it was understood that a significant part of the students was aware of the effects of education, research, and project activities on recovery, reuse, recycling, plastic bag usage, and zero waste practices within the scope of waste management, and the place and importance of the individual in waste management. On the other hand, it was understood that most of the students were not aware of the basis of waste management practices as the waste types, the separation of wastes at the source in accordance to their types, and throwing the wastes into the appropriate waste bin for their types.
- Published
- 2022
114. Preservice Science Teachers' Favorite Scientists
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Harman, Gonca
- Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate preservice science teachers' favorite scientists. This study was conducted according to a screening model. The study group consisted of 199 volunteer preservice teachers who were studying in the science education department at a state university in Turkey. Of the total preservice science teachers, 56 were first year, 57 second year, 55 third year, 31 fourth year; 172 were female, and 27 were male. I asked, "Who is your favorite scientist? Why? Please, write your reason." The preservice science teachers wrote their favorite scientists along with their reasons. The data obtained was analyzed using the content analysis method. The results show that preservice science teachers named 28 different scientists. Eight scientists were Turkish-Islamic, and twenty were foreign. Twenty-seven scientists were male, and one was female. Six female preservice science teachers wrote Marie Curie as their favorite scientist. Preservice science teachers' favorite scientists were mostly foreign, both at each grade level and overall. The most frequently named favorite scientists were Aziz Sancar, Ibn-i Sina, Albert Einstein, Isaac Newton, and Nikola Tesla.
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- 2022
115. The Effect of Prediction-Observation-Explanation (POE) Method on Learning of Image Formation by a Plane Mirror and Pre-Service Teachers' Opinions
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Harman, Gonca and Yenikalayci, Nisa
- Abstract
In this research, we examined the effect of the prediction-observation-explanation (POE) method on learning of image formation by a plane mirror and pre-service teachers' opinions. Twenty pre-service science teachers studying at first grade in the Department of Science Education in Turkey participated in the research. We used a one group pretest-posttest design. In the teaching process, carried out in accordance with the POE method, the pre-service teachers made their own plane mirror by using glass and mirror-effect spray paint, and then analyzed the image of a cube by using these mirrors. We analyzed the data by using the SPSS software and content analysis. As a result of the research, we found that the POE method is effective in the learning of image formation by a plane mirror. Thirteen (65%) pre-service teachers expressed only positive opinions about making a plane mirror by using glass and mirror-effect spray paint; seven (35%) pre-service teachers expressed both positive and negative opinions. The entertaining production process (learning by practicing that mirrors can be made from glass) and gaining experience (like preparing material, learning, and implementing safety rules) were the most common positive opinions, although the irritating smell of the spray paint was the most common negative opinion. Seventeen (85%) pre-service teachers expressed positive opinions and three (15%) pre-service teachers expressed both positive and negative opinions on the organized activity in accordance with the POE method. In consideration of the obtained positive and negative opinions, we found teachers could do such activities to provide a better learning environment.
- Published
- 2022
116. The circular Delannoy category
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Harman, Nate, Snowden, Andrew, and Snyder, Noah
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Mathematics - Representation Theory - Abstract
Let $G$ (resp. $H$) be the group of orientation preserving self-homeomorphisms of the unit circle (resp. real line). In previous work, the first two authors constructed pre-Tannakian categories $\underline{\mathrm{Rep}}(G)$ and $\underline{\mathrm{Rep}}(H)$ associated to these groups. In the predecessor to this paper, we analyzed the category $\underline{\mathrm{Rep}}(H)$ (which we named the ``Delannoy category'') in great detail, and found it to have many special properties. In this paper, we study $\underline{\mathrm{Rep}}(G)$. The primary difference between these two categories is that $\underline{\mathrm{Rep}}(H)$ is semi-simple, while $\underline{\mathrm{Rep}}(G)$ is not; this introduces new complications in the present case. We find that $\underline{\mathrm{Rep}}(G)$ is closely related to the combinatorics of objects we call Delannoy loops, which seem to have not previously been studied., Comment: 38 pages
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- 2023
117. Hadronic vacuum polarization correction to the bound-electron $g$ factor
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Dizer, Eugen and Harman, Zoltán
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High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,Physics - Atomic Physics ,Quantum Physics - Abstract
The hadronic vacuum polarization correction to the $g$ factor of a bound electron is investigated theoretically. An effective hadronic Uehling potential obtained from measured cross sections of $e^- e^+$ annihilation into hadrons is employed to calculate $g$ factor corrections for low-lying hydrogenic levels. Analytical Dirac-Coulomb wave functions, as well as bound wave functions accounting for the finite nuclear radius are used. Closed formulas for the $g$ factor shift in case of a point-like nucleus are derived. In heavy ions, such effects are found to be much larger than for the free-electron $g$ factor.
- Published
- 2023
118. Simulation-Driven Automated End-to-End Test and Oracle Inference
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Tuli, Shreshth, Bojarczuk, Kinga, Gucevska, Natalija, Harman, Mark, Wang, Xiao-Yu, and Wright, Graham
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Computer Science - Software Engineering - Abstract
This is the first work to report on inferential testing at scale in industry. Specifically, it reports the experience of automated testing of integrity systems at Meta. We built an internal tool called ALPACAS for automated inference of end-to-end integrity tests. Integrity tests are designed to keep users safe online by checking that interventions take place when harmful behaviour occurs on a platform. ALPACAS infers not only the test input, but also the oracle, by observing production interventions to prevent harmful behaviour. This approach allows Meta to automate the process of generating integrity tests for its platforms, such as Facebook and Instagram, which consist of hundreds of millions of lines of production code. We outline the design and deployment of ALPACAS, and report results for its coverage, number of tests produced at each stage of the test inference process, and their pass rates. Specifically, we demonstrate that using ALPACAS significantly improves coverage from a manual test design for the particular aspect of integrity end-to-end testing it was applied to. Further, from a pool of 3 million data points, ALPACAS automatically yields 39 production-ready end-to-end integrity tests. We also report that the ALPACAS-inferred test suite enjoys exceptionally low flakiness for end-to-end testing with its average in-production pass rate of 99.84%., Comment: Accepted in ICSE 2023 (SEIP Track)
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- 2023
119. Pre-Galois categories and Fra\'iss\'e's theorem
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Harman, Nate and Snowden, Andrew
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Mathematics - Representation Theory ,Mathematics - Category Theory - Abstract
Galois categories can be viewed as the combinatorial analog of Tannakian categories. We introduce the notion of pre-Galois category, which can be viewed as the combinatorial analog of pre-Tannakian categories. Given an oligomorphic group $G$, the category $\mathbf{S}(G)$ of finitary smooth $G$-sets is pre-Galois. Our main theorem (approximately) says that these examples are exhaustive; this result is, in a sense, a reformulation of Fra\"iss\'e's theorem. We also introduce a more general class of B-categories, and give some examples of B-categories that are not pre-Galois using permutation classes. This work is motivated by certain applications to pre-Tannakian categories., Comment: 28 pages
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- 2023
120. Differentiable modeling to unify machine learning and physical models and advance Geosciences
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Shen, Chaopeng, Appling, Alison P., Gentine, Pierre, Bandai, Toshiyuki, Gupta, Hoshin, Tartakovsky, Alexandre, Baity-Jesi, Marco, Fenicia, Fabrizio, Kifer, Daniel, Li, Li, Liu, Xiaofeng, Ren, Wei, Zheng, Yi, Harman, Ciaran J., Clark, Martyn, Farthing, Matthew, Feng, Dapeng, Kumar, Praveen, Aboelyazeed, Doaa, Rahmani, Farshid, Beck, Hylke E., Bindas, Tadd, Dwivedi, Dipankar, Fang, Kuai, Höge, Marvin, Rackauckas, Chris, Roy, Tirthankar, Xu, Chonggang, Mohanty, Binayak, and Lawson, Kathryn
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science ,Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics ,Physics - Geophysics - Abstract
Process-Based Modeling (PBM) and Machine Learning (ML) are often perceived as distinct paradigms in the geosciences. Here we present differentiable geoscientific modeling as a powerful pathway toward dissolving the perceived barrier between them and ushering in a paradigm shift. For decades, PBM offered benefits in interpretability and physical consistency but struggled to efficiently leverage large datasets. ML methods, especially deep networks, presented strong predictive skills yet lacked the ability to answer specific scientific questions. While various methods have been proposed for ML-physics integration, an important underlying theme -- differentiable modeling -- is not sufficiently recognized. Here we outline the concepts, applicability, and significance of differentiable geoscientific modeling (DG). "Differentiable" refers to accurately and efficiently calculating gradients with respect to model variables, critically enabling the learning of high-dimensional unknown relationships. DG refers to a range of methods connecting varying amounts of prior knowledge to neural networks and training them together, capturing a different scope than physics-guided machine learning and emphasizing first principles. Preliminary evidence suggests DG offers better interpretability and causality than ML, improved generalizability and extrapolation capability, and strong potential for knowledge discovery, while approaching the performance of purely data-driven ML. DG models require less training data while scaling favorably in performance and efficiency with increasing amounts of data. With DG, geoscientists may be better able to frame and investigate questions, test hypotheses, and discover unrecognized linkages.
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- 2023
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121. Private Actors in Global Health Governance
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Harman, Sophie, primary and Papamichail, Andreas, additional
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- 2024
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122. Global Health Security
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Harman, Sophie, primary and Papamichail, Andreas, additional
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- 2024
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123. Approaches to Global Health Governance
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Harman, Sophie, primary and Papamichail, Andreas, additional
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- 2024
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124. Health Emergencies and Crises
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Harman, Sophie, primary and Papamichail, Andreas, additional
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- 2024
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125. Introduction
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Harman, Sophie, primary and Papamichail, Andreas, additional
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- 2024
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126. Global Priorities and Local Neglect
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Harman, Sophie, primary and Papamichail, Andreas, additional
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- 2024
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127. Conclusion
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Harman, Sophie, primary and Papamichail, Andreas, additional
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- 2024
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128. Foregrounding (the) self in dance practice
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Harman, Gemma, primary and McKee, Jayne, additional
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- 2024
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129. Greg Lynn on Animate Form
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Harman, Graham, primary
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- 2024
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130. Long-term cognitive effects of menopausal hormone therapy: Findings from the KEEPS Continuation Study.
- Author
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Carey E Gleason, N Maritza Dowling, Firat Kara, Taryn T James, Hector Salazar, Carola A Ferrer Simo, Sherman M Harman, JoAnn E Manson, Dustin B Hammers, Frederick N Naftolin, Lubna Pal, Virginia M Miller, Marcelle I Cedars, Rogerio A Lobo, Michael Malek-Ahmadi, and Kejal Kantarci
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
BackgroundFindings from Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (KEEPS)-Cog trial suggested no cognitive benefit or harm after 48 months of menopausal hormone therapy (mHT) initiated within 3 years of final menstrual period. To clarify the long-term effects of mHT initiated in early postmenopause, the observational KEEPS Continuation Study reevaluated cognition, mood, and neuroimaging effects in participants enrolled in the KEEPS-Cog and its parent study the KEEPS approximately 10 years after trial completion. We hypothesized that women randomized to transdermal estradiol (tE2) during early postmenopause would show cognitive benefits, while oral conjugated equine estrogens (oCEE) would show no effect, compared to placebo over the 10 years following randomization in the KEEPS trial.Methods and findingsThe KEEPS-Cog (2005-2008) was an ancillary study to the KEEPS (NCT00154180), in which participants were randomized into 3 groups: oCEE (Premarin, 0.45 mg/d), tE2 (Climara, 50 μg/d) both with micronized progesterone (Prometrium, 200 mg/d for 12 d/mo) or placebo pills and patch for 48 months. KEEPS Continuation (2017-2022), an observational, longitudinal cohort study of KEEPS clinical trial, involved recontacting KEEPS participants approximately 10 years after the completion of the 4-year clinical trial to attend in-person research visits. Seven of the original 9 sites participated in the KEEPS Continuation, resulting in 622 women of original 727 being invited to return for a visit, with 299 enrolling across the 7 sites. KEEPS Continuation participants repeated the original KEEPS-Cog test battery which was analyzed using 4 cognitive factor scores and a global cognitive score. Cognitive data from both KEEPS and KEEPS Continuation were available for 275 participants. Latent growth models (LGMs) assessed whether baseline cognition and cognitive changes during KEEPS predicted cognitive performance at follow-up, and whether mHT randomization modified these relationships, adjusting for covariates. Similar health characteristics were observed at KEEPS randomization for KEEPS Continuation participants and nonparticipants (i.e., women not returning for the KEEPS Continuation). The LGM revealed significant associations between intercepts and slopes for cognitive performance across almost all domains, indicating that cognitive factor scores changed over time. Tests assessing the effects of mHT allocation on cognitive slopes during the KEEPS and across all years of follow-up including the KEEPS Continuation visit were all statistically nonsignificant. The KEEPS Continuation study found no long-term cognitive effects of mHT, with baseline cognition and changes during KEEPS being the strongest predictors of later performance. Cross-sectional comparisons confirmed that participants assigned to mHT in KEEPS (oCEE and tE2 groups) performed similarly on cognitive measures to those randomized to placebo, approximately 10 years after completion of the randomized treatments. These findings suggest that mHT poses no long-term cognitive harm; conversely, it provides no cognitive benefit or protective effects against cognitive decline.ConclusionsIn these KEEPS Continuation analyses, there were no long-term cognitive effects of short-term exposure to mHT started in early menopause versus placebo. These data provide reassurance about the long-term neurocognitive safety of mHT for symptom management in healthy, recently postmenopausal women, while also suggesting that mHT does not improve or preserve cognitive function in this population.
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- 2024
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- View/download PDF
131. Cross-Lingual Multi-Hop Knowledge Editing.
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Aditi Khandelwal, Harman Singh, Hengrui Gu 0002, Tianlong Chen, and Kaixiong Zhou
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- 2024
132. Assured LLM-Based Software Engineering.
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Nadia Alshahwan, Mark Harman, Inna Harper, Alexandru Marginean, Shubho Sengupta, and Eddy Wang
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- 2024
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133. IndicGenBench: A Multilingual Benchmark to Evaluate Generation Capabilities of LLMs on Indic Languages.
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Harman Singh, Nitish Gupta, Shikhar Bharadwaj, Dinesh Tewari, and Partha Talukdar
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- 2024
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134. Enhancing Testing at Meta with Rich-State Simulated Populations.
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Nadia Alshahwan, Arianna Blasi, Kinga Bojarczuk, Andrea Ciancone, Natalija Gucevska, Mark Harman, Michal Królikowski, Rubmary Rojas, Dragos Martac, Simon Schellaert, Kate Ustiuzhanina, Inna Harper, Yue Jia 0001, and Will Lewis
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
135. Fairness Improvement with Multiple Protected Attributes: How Far Are We?
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Zhenpeng Chen, Jie M. Zhang, Federica Sarro, and Mark Harman
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
136. Observation-Based Unit Test Generation at Meta.
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Nadia Alshahwan, Mark Harman, Alexandru Marginean, Rotem Tal, and Eddy Wang
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
137. Automated Unit Test Improvement using Large Language Models at Meta.
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Nadia Alshahwan, Jubin Chheda, Anastasia Finogenova, Beliz Gokkaya, Mark Harman, Inna Harper, Alexandru Marginean, Shubho Sengupta, and Eddy Wang
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
138. Paleo-Games: Using AI and Gamification to Generate an Unguided Tour of an Open World Virtual Environment for STEM Education.
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Harman Singh, Sarah Saad, Chencheng Zhang, Thomas Palazzolo, Jessee Horton, Robert G. Reynolds, John O'Shea, Ashley Lemke, and Cailen O'Shea
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
139. Objects and Fields of Sense: Reflections on Markus Gabriel’s Ontology
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Harman, Graham, Bueno, Otávio, Editor-in-Chief, Brogaard, Berit, Editorial Board Member, Chakravartty, Anjan, Editorial Board Member, French, Steven, Editorial Board Member, Dutilh Novaes, Catarina, Editorial Board Member, Rowbottom, Darrell P., Editorial Board Member, Ruttkamp, Emma, Editorial Board Member, Miller, Kristie, Editorial Board Member, and Voosholz, Jan, editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
140. Transrectal Laser Focal Therapy of Prostate Cancer
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Feller, John F., Greenwood, Bernadette M., Harman, Aaron, Karamanian, Ara, Polascik, Thomas J., editor, de la Rosette, Jean, editor, Sanchez-Salas, Rafael, editor, Rastinehad, Ardeshir R., editor, and Mottaghi, Mahdi, Section Editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
141. Demystifying the Enigma of the Pediatric Viral Upper Respiratory Infection
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Kaur, Harman, Sojar, Sakina, Desai, Bobby K., editor, Desai, Alpa, editor, Ganti, Latha, editor, and Elbadri, Samyr, editor
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
142. Humanitarian Aid
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Kruppa, Catrin, Harman-Cashmore, William, O’Brien, Lizzie, Fiander, Alison, editor, and Fry, Grace, editor
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
143. Paleo-Games: Using AI and Gamification to Generate an Unguided Tour of an Open World Virtual Environment for STEM Education
- Author
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Singh, Harman, Saad, Sarah, Zhang, Chencheng, Palazzolo, Thomas, Horton, Jessee, Reynolds, Robert, O’Shea, John, Lemke, Ashley, O’Shea, Cailen, Goos, Gerhard, Series Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, van Leeuwen, Jan, Series Editor, Hutchison, David, Editorial Board Member, Kanade, Takeo, Editorial Board Member, Kittler, Josef, Editorial Board Member, Kleinberg, Jon M., Editorial Board Member, Kobsa, Alfred, Series Editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Editorial Board Member, Mitchell, John C., Editorial Board Member, Naor, Moni, Editorial Board Member, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series Editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Editorial Board Member, Sudan, Madhu, Series Editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Editorial Board Member, Tygar, Doug, Editorial Board Member, Weikum, Gerhard, Series Editor, Vardi, Moshe Y, Series Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Degen, Helmut, editor, and Ntoa, Stavroula, editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
144. 2-D Physical Modeling to Measure the Effectiveness of Perforated Skirt Breakwater for Short-Period Waves
- Author
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Harman Ajiwibowo
- Subjects
non-dimensional variables ,perforated skirt breakwater ,short-period waves ,transmission coefficient. ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
The effectiveness of a breakwater can be measured by quantifying the transmission coefficient (KT). The smaller the coefficient, the better the performance of the breakwater. A physical modeling on the proposed breakwater was conducted to identify the coefficient of Perforated Skirt Breakwater (PSB). The PSB model was tested in 2-D wave flume at Ocean Wave Research Laboratory FTSL ITB, to obtain the effectiveness of PSB for short-period waves (prototype periods, Tp= 4 second and smaller). The scaling of PSB models applies the principle of Froude Similarity, where the Froude number in model equals to the Froude number in prototype (Frm=Frp). The flume is equipped with 5 resistance-type wave probes and 8-channel DAS (Data Acquisition System). Wave heights (H) and wave periods (T) data were observed both manually by visual observation and wave probes readings (processed later with method of “zero mean up-crossing” technique). The incoming wave heights (Hi) and transmitted wave heights (Ht) were measured and processed to obtain the transmission coefficient (KT). The relationships between KT and non-dimensional variables (skirt draft / incident wave height, S/Hi) are analyzed and the calculated effectiveness of the PSB for varied environmental condition is obtained to be up to 70%.Abstract. The effectiveness of a breakwater can be measured by quantifying the transmission coefficient (KT). The smaller the coefficient, the better the performance of the breakwater. A physical modeling on the proposed breakwater was conducted to identify the coefficient of Perforated Skirt Breakwater (PSB). The PSB model was tested in 2-D wave flume at Ocean Wave Research Laboratory FTSL ITB, to obtain the effectiveness of PSB for short-period waves (prototype periods, Tp= 4 second and smaller). The scaling of PSB models applies the principle of Froude Similarity, where the Froude number in model equals to the Froude number in prototype (Frm=Frp). The flume is equipped with 5 resistance-type wave probes and 8-channel DAS (Data Acquisition System). Wave heights (H) and wave periods (T) data were observed both manually by visual observation and wave probes readings (processed later with method of “zero mean up-crossing” technique). The incoming wave heights (Hi) and transmitted wave heights (Ht) were measured and processed to obtain the transmission coefficient (KT). The relationships between KT and non-dimensional variables (skirt draft / incident wave height, S/Hi) are analyzed and the calculated effectiveness of the PSB for varied environmental condition is obtained to be up to 70%.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
145. The gender pay gap in the Visegrad Groups
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Harman, Jakub and Bartůsková, Lucia
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
146. Pemodelan Fisik 2-D untuk Mengukur Tingkat Efektivitas Perforated Skirt Breakwater pada Kategori Gelombang Panjang
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Andojo Wurjanto, Harman Ajiwibowo, and Rahmat Zamzami
- Subjects
gelombang panjang ,perforated skirt breakwater ,hubungan bilangan tak-berdimensi ,koefisien transmisi ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
Efektifitas pemecah gelombang dapat diukur dengan mengukur koefisien transmisi (KT). Semakin kecil koefisien transmisi maka semakin efektif pemecah gelombang ini. Pengujian model fisik dilakukan untuk mengetahui nilai koefisien transmisi dari Perforated Skirt Breakwater (PSB). Model PSB diuji dalam saluran gelombang 2-D di Laboratorium Gelombang Teknik Kelautan FTSL ITB, untuk mengetahui keefektifannya terhadap kategori gelombang panjang (periode prototipe, Tp = 7 detik). Penskalaan untuk model PSB menggunakan prinsip Keserupaan Froude dimana bilangan Froude model setara dengan bilangan Froude prototipe (Frm=Frp). Saluran gelombang dilengkapi dengan 5 sensor gelombang tipe tahanan listrik dan 8 saluran DAS (Data Acquisition System). Data tinggi gelombang (H) dan periode gelombang (T) diamati secara manual melalui pengamatan visual dan diperoleh melalui rekaman sensor gelombang (yang selanjutnya diproses menggunakan metode ”zero mean up-crossing”). Tinggi gelombang datang di depan PSB (Hi) dan tinggi gelombang transmisi di belakang PSB (Ht) diukur dan diproses untuk mendapatkan koefisien transmisi (KT). Selanjutnya, hubungan antara KT dan bilangan tak-berdimensi, kedalaman sirip / tinggi gelombang datang (S/Hi) dianalisis dan nilai koefisien transmisi (KT) untuk berbagai kondisi lingkungan diperoleh.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
147. The fourth text REtrieval conference
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Harman, D. K.
- Published
- 1996
148. Keeping Mutation Test Suites Consistent and Relevant with Long-Standing Mutants
- Author
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Ojdanic, Milos, Papadakis, Mike, and Harman, Mark
- Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering - Abstract
Mutation testing has been demonstrated to be one of the most powerful fault-revealing tools in the tester's tool kit. Much previous work implicitly assumed it to be sufficient to re-compute mutant suites per release. Sadly, this makes mutation results inconsistent; mutant scores from each release cannot be directly compared, making it harder to measure test improvement. Furthermore, regular code change means that a mutant suite's relevance will naturally degrade over time. We measure this degradation in relevance for 143,500 mutants in 4 non-trivial systems finding that, on overage, 52% degrade. We introduce a mutant brittleness measure and use it to audit software systems and their mutation suites. We also demonstrate how consistent-by-construction long-standing mutant suites can be identified with a 10x improvement in mutant relevance over an arbitrary test suite. Our results indicate that the research community should avoid the re-computation of mutant suites and focus, instead, on long-standing mutants, thereby improving the consistency and relevance of mutation testing.
- Published
- 2022
149. The Delannoy category
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Harman, Nate, Snowden, Andrew, and Snyder, Noah
- Subjects
Mathematics - Representation Theory ,Mathematics - Category Theory - Abstract
Let $G$ be the group of all order-preserving self-maps of the real line. In previous work, the first two authors constructed a pre-Tannakian category $\underline{\mathrm{Rep}}(G)$ associated to $G$. The present paper is a detailed study of this category, which we name the Delannoy category. We classify the simple objects, determine branching rules to open subgroups, and give a combinatorial rule for tensor products. The Delannoy category has some remarkable features: it is semi-simple in all characteristics; all simples have categorical dimension $\pm 1$; and the Adams operations on its Grothendieck group are trivial. We also give a combinatorial model for $\underline{\mathrm{Rep}}(G)$ based on Delannoy paths., Comment: 50 pages
- Published
- 2022
150. Community Report from the Biosignatures Standards of Evidence Workshop
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Meadows, Victoria, Graham, Heather, Abrahamsson, Victor, Adam, Zach, Amador-French, Elena, Arney, Giada, Barge, Laurie, Barlow, Erica, Berea, Anamaria, Bose, Maitrayee, Bower, Dina, Chan, Marjorie, Cleaves, Jim, Corpolongo, Andrea, Currie, Miles, Domagal-Goldman, Shawn, Dong, Chuanfei, Eigenbrode, Jennifer, Enright, Allison, Fauchez, Thomas J., Fisk, Martin, Fricke, Matthew, Fujii, Yuka, Gangidine, Andrew, Gezer, Eftal, Glavin, Daniel, Grenfell, Lee, Harman, Sonny, Hatzenpichler, Roland, Hausrath, Libby, Henderson, Bryana, Johnson, Sarah Stewart, Jones, Andrea, Hamilton, Trinity, Hickman-Lewis, Keyron, Jahnke, Linda, Kacar, Betul, Kopparapu, Ravi, Kempes, Christopher, Kish, Adrienne, Krissansen-Totton, Joshua, Leavitt, Wil, Komatsu, Yu, Lichtenberg, Tim, Lindsay, Melody, Maggiori, Catherine, Marais, David Des, Mathis, Cole, Morono, Yuki, Neveu, Marc, Ni, Grace, Nixon, Conor, Olson, Stephanie, Parenteau, Niki, Perl, Scott, Quinn, Richard, Raj, Chinmayee, Rodriguez, Laura, Rutter, Lindsay, Sandora, McCullen, Schmidt, Britney, Schwieterman, Eddie, Segura, Antigona, Sekerci, Fatih, Seyler, Lauren, Smith, Harrison, Soares, Georgia, Som, Sanjoy, Suzuki, Shino, Teece, Bonnie, Weber, Jessica, Wolfe-Simon, Felisa, Wong, Michael, Yano, Hajime, and Young, Liza
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Quantitative Biology - Populations and Evolution - Abstract
The search for life beyond the Earth is the overarching goal of the NASA Astrobiology Program, and it underpins the science of missions that explore the environments of Solar System planets and exoplanets. However, the detection of extraterrestrial life, in our Solar System and beyond, is sufficiently challenging that it is likely that multiple measurements and approaches, spanning disciplines and missions, will be needed to make a convincing claim. Life detection will therefore not be an instantaneous process, and it is unlikely to be unambiguous-yet it is a high-stakes scientific achievement that will garner an enormous amount of public interest. Current and upcoming research efforts and missions aimed at detecting past and extant life could be supported by a consensus framework to plan for, assess and discuss life detection claims (c.f. Green et al., 2021). Such a framework could help increase the robustness of biosignature detection and interpretation, and improve communication with the scientific community and the public. In response to this need, and the call to the community to develop a confidence scale for standards of evidence for biosignature detection (Green et al., 2021), a community-organized workshop was held on July 19-22, 2021. The meeting was designed in a fully virtual (flipped) format. Preparatory materials including readings, instructional videos and activities were made available prior to the workshop, allowing the workshop schedule to be fully dedicated to active community discussion and prompted writing sessions. To maximize global interaction, the discussion components of the workshop were held during business hours in three different time zones, Asia/Pacific, European and US, with daily information hand-off between group organizers., Comment: 86 pages, 14 figures, workshop report
- Published
- 2022
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