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In the era of big data, the cost control of enterprises is important, and the cost is still the main factor affecting the competitiveness of enterprises. Data information occurs in every part of an enterprise. If these data are collected reasonably and analyzed with professional software system, the effect of enterprise cost control could be quantified. This paper takes Tianbao green food company as an example, studies its cost control situation, summarizes the existing problems in cost control of the company, and analyzes how to use big data to control cost for purchasing, storage, producing and sales.

MWCNTs/SiC nanocomposites were prepared by click reaction using resistive microwave absorbent MWCNTs as the matrix material and dielectric microwave absorbent SiC as the loss medium. XRT), XPS, TG, SEM and vector network analyzer were used to characterize the structure and test the microwave absorption performance of the composite. In addition, the influence of different feeding ratio on the microwave absorption properties of the composites was also discussed. The experimental results show that the MWCNTs/SiC binary nanocomposites were successfully prepared by clicking method. When the ratio of MWCNTs to SiC is 1:1, the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of the MWCNTs/SiC binary nanocomposite at the thickness of 2.0 mm reaches - 44.96 dB, and the minimum effective absorption bandwidth (RLmin < -10 dB) up to 5.04 GHz (from 12.66-17.93 GHz, covering 87.8% of the Ku band). MWCNTs/SiC binary nanocomposites can effectively absorb electromagnetic waves in the whole X-band, and the thickness range is 2.0~2.5 mm. Moreover, by adjusting the thickness of the absorption layer, almost all the electromagnetic wave of C, X and Ku bands can be effectively covered. Therefore, the composite materials with covalent bond between MWCNTs and SiC prepared by click reaction is a new method to be used as efficient microwave absorbing materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enhancing polarization as an effective strategy has attracted wide attention to improve electromagnetic wave absorption performance. In this work, a simple self-template multiple oxidation–etching method is used to prepare the fishing-net-like yolk–shell MnO2@MWCNTs (MYS@MWCNTs) absorber. The structural effects of MYS@MWCNTs and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) dispersion on the microwave absorption properties are investigated in detail. Related SEM and TEM images showed that the MWCNTs disappeared uniformly in MYS@MWCNTs after adjusting the PVP dispersant, thereby weakening the adverse influence of skin effect on impedance matching. One-dimensional MWCNTs penetrated through MnO2 yolk–shell (MYS) microsphere and formed unique fishing-net-like conductive network PVP-optimized MYS@MWCNTs with enhanced impedance matching. MYS@MWCNTs-2 obtains excellent microwave absorption performance with a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of -52.8 dB at 3.76 GHz because of interface polarization, dipole polarization, and enhanced conductive loss. Therefore, the as-prepared MYS@MWCNTs has potential applications in the field of electromagnetic wave absorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale: The existing particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms are only effective in deconvoluting the overlapping peaks in ion mobility spectra with fewer than four component peaks, which limits the applicability of these algorithms. Methods: A high‐performance two‐step particle swarm optimization (TSPSO) algorithm was developed. Compared to the existing PSO algorithms, TSPSO can narrow the search ranges of all coefficients for the overlapping peaks through Gaussian model calculation, and thus can deconvolute various overlapping peaks with high accuracy, even for 30‐component overlapping peaks. In addition, the TSPSO could be further applied to enhance the resolution of the spectra by narrowing the peak widths after the peak deconvolution. Results: Simulated overlapping peaks were first used to evaluate the performance of TSPSO as compared to the dynamic inertia weight particle swarm optimization (DIWPSO) algorithm. The results showed that the profiles of the peaks deconvoluted by using TSPSO were more consistent with the original ones. The fitness values and the standard deviations of the fitness values from TSPSO were also at least an order of magnitude less than those from DIWPSO. By applying TSPSO, the overlapping peaks from both mass spectrometry (MS) and field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) spectra can also be well deconvoluted. In addition, the resolutions of the MS and FAIMS spectra can be effectively enhanced after peak deconvolution. The enhanced spectra matched excellently with the experimental ones acquired at high‐resolution modes. Conclusions: The experiment results convincingly demonstrate that the TSPSO algorithm is capable of both deconvoluting complex overlapping peaks and enhancing the spectrum resolution with high accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perinatal hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy is the leading cause of neonatal death and permanent neurological deficits, while the basal ganglia is one of the major nuclei that is selectively and greatly affected in the brains of hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy patients, especially in severe cases. Human embryonic stem cell-derived neurons have shown great potential in different types of brain disorders in adults. However, it remains unknown whether and how grafted human embryonic stem cell-derived neurons can repair immature brains with hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy. Here, by administrating genetically labelled human embryonic stem cell-derived striatal neural progenitors into the ipsilateral striatum of hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy-injured mice, we found that the grafted cells gradually matured into GABA spiny projection neurons morphologically and electrophysiologically, and significantly rescued the area loss of hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy-injured brains. Intriguingly, using immunohistochemical staining combined with enhanced ascorbate peroxidase-based immunoelectron microscopy and rabies virus-mediated trans-synaptic tracing, we show that the grafts start to extend axonal projections to the endogenous target areas (globus pallidus externa, globus pallidus internus, substantia nigra), form synapses with host striatal, globus pallidus and nigra neurons, and receive extensive and stable synaptic inputs as early as 2 months post-transplantation. Importantly, we further demonstrated functional neural circuits re-established between the grafted neurons and host cortical, striatal and substantial nigra neurons at 3–6 months post-transplantation in the hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy-injured brain by optogenetics combined with electrophysiological recording. Finally, the transplanted striatal spiny projection neurons but not spinal GABA neurons restored the motor defects of hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy, which were reversed by clozapine- N -oxide-based inhibition of graft function. These findings demonstrate anatomical and functional reconstruction of the basal ganglia neural circuit including multiple loops by striatal spiny projection neurons in hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy-injured immature brains, which raises the possibility of such a cell replacement therapeutic strategy for hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy in neonates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The temporal pattern of cognitive and functional change before and after incident diabetes remains unknown.Research Design and Methods: Data from wave 2 to wave 9 (2004-2018) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing were used. Global cognition (assessed by orientation, memory, and executive function) and daily functioning (calculated as the sum of impaired basic and instrumental activities of daily living) were measured in each wave. Incident diabetes was defined as glycated hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5% (47.5 mmol/mol), self-reported doctor diagnosis of diabetes, or glucose-lowering medication use during follow-up.Results: Among the 6,342 participants (mean age 65.0 years, 57.8% women) included, 576 participants (9.1%) with incident diabetes were identified during a median follow-up of 13.3 years. The annual rates of change in global cognition (β = -0.035 SD/year; 95% CI -0.054 to -0.015), orientation (-0.031 SD/year; -0.060 to -0.002), memory (-0.016 SD/year; -0.029 to -0.003), and executive function (-0.027 SD/year; -0.042 to -0.013) were accelerated after diabetes diagnosis compared with before the event. The postdiabetes annual changes in daily functioning (0.093 points/year; 95% CI 0.056-0.131) were also accelerated compared with the prediabetes diagnosis. However, the rate of cognitive and functional decline before the diabetes diagnosis in participants with future incident diabetes was similar to the rate in participants without diabetes. Also, no significant acute change was observed during its onset.Conclusions: Incident diabetes is associated with accelerated cognitive and functional decline after, but not before, the event. We suggest careful monitoring for cognitive and physical dysfunction after a diabetes diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this letter, quasi-vertical Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) based on AlN/Al0.6Ga0.4N heterostructure are fabricated and temperature-dependent current transport is systematically investigated. Benefited from the AlN/Al0.6Ga0.4N heterostructure with high net doping concentration of ∼1 Ă— 1018 cmâˆ'3 in Al0.6Ga0.4N, the device demonstrates lower ideality factor of 2.95, high on/off current ratio of ∼108, the on-current of above 40 A cmâˆ'2 which is two order magnitude higher than that of the state-of-the-art AlN SBDs. The barrier inhomogeneity is characterized by the model of Gaussian distribution, and the reverse current observed is identified to be traps-related leakage process such as Pooleâ€"Frenkel emission and trap assisted tunneling. This work reveals the heterostructure engineering is an alternative pathway to overcome the difficulty of AlN-based SBDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, flower sphere alumina was synthesized autonomously by hydrothermal and annealing processes. The in situ polymerization of polypyrrole on the surface of alumina at low temperatures based on the principle of component synergy has enabled the construction of a core–shell structure for Al2O3@ppy materials, resulting in excellent electromagnetic wave absorption properties. The effect of the addition of alumina and the morphology of the materials on the microwave absorption properties of Al2O3@ppy composites was also discussed. Various methods are used for the characterization of the material. The Al2O3@ppy composites were effective in matching thicknesses of 2.5 mm with a minimum reflection loss (RL) of − 65.8 dB at a frequency of 11.52 GHz and a maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 5.6 GHz at a matched thickness of 2.0 mm. The results show that Al2O3@ppy composites can provide a reference for EMW absorber material research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of Calu-3 cells as a model to examine the toxicological responses of inhalable substances. Calu-3 cells were grown to the confluence at an air-liquid interface (ALI) using a Transwell® permeable support system. The ALI resulted in biomimetic native bronchial epithelium displaying pseudostratified columnar epithelium with more microvilli and secretory vesicles. We further characterized and optimized the Calu-3 cell line model using ALI culturing conditions, immunolabeling of protein expression, ultrastructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements, and then screened for the cytotoxicity of tobacco flavoring extracts. Calu-3 cells displayed dose-dependent responses when treated with the flavoring extract. Within 8–10 days, cell monolayers developed TEER ≥1000 Ω·cm2. During this time, Calu-3 cells exposed to flavoring extracts X01 and X06 exhibited a loss of cellular integrity and decreased ZO-1 and E-cadherin protein expression. In conclusion, we investigated the Calu-3 cell line culture conditions, culture time, and barrier integrity and tested the effect of six new synthetic tobacco flavoring extracts. Our data demonstrate that the Calu-3 human bronchial epithelial cell monolayer system is a potential in vitro model to assess the inhalation toxicity of inhalable substances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identifying defects/traps is of vital importance for the implementation of high-performance Ga2O3 power devices. In this work, majority and minority carrier traps in beta-gallium oxide ($\beta $ -Ga2O3) have been investigated and identified by means of deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) in Ni/ $\beta $ -Ga2O3 Schottky barrier diode (SBD) and NiO/ $\beta $ -Ga2O3 p+-n heterojunction diode (HJD). For both diodes, a dominant energy level of majority carrier (electron) trap states is determined to be ${E}_{C}-$ (0.75–0.79) eV with a concentration of (2.4–4.1) $\times 10^{{13}}$ cm $^{-{3}}$. Meanwhile, an additional trapping level at ${E}_{V} +0.14$ eV with a concentration of 1.2 $\times 10^{{14}}$ cm $^{-{3}}$ yield is present in NiO/ $\beta $ -Ga2O3 bipolar HJD but absent in the Ni/ $\beta $ -Ga2O3 SBD unipolar counterpart. The detection of such minority carrier traps originates from the hole injection through trap-assisted tunneling (TAT) from $\text{p}^{+}$ -NiO to $\beta $ -Ga2O3. The bias- and frequency-dependent DLTS characteristics identify that such shallow-level minority carrier traps are located in the $\beta $ -Ga2O3 bulk region rather not interfacial states at the NiO/ $\beta $ -Ga2O3 heterointerface. The identification of both majority and minority carrier traps in this work may shed light on the in-depth understanding of carrier transport mechanisms in Ga2O3-based unipolar and bipolar power devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]