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Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) aims to adapt a model of the labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain. Existing UDA-based semantic segmentation approaches always reduce the domain shifts in pixel level, feature level, and output level. However, almost all of them largely neglect the contextual dependency, which is generally shared across different domains, leading to less-desired performance. In this paper, we propose a novel Context-Aware Mixup (CAMix) framework for domain adaptive semantic segmentation, which exploits this important clue of context-dependency as explicit prior knowledge in a fully end-to-end trainable manner for enhancing the adaptability toward the target domain. Firstly, we present a contextual mask generation strategy by leveraging the accumulated spatial distributions and prior contextual relationships. The generated contextual mask is critical in this work and will guide the context-aware domain mixup on three different levels. Besides, provided the context knowledge, we introduce a significance-reweighted consistency loss to penalize the inconsistency between the mixed student prediction and the mixed teacher prediction, which alleviates the negative transfer of the adaptation, e.g., early performance degradation. Extensive experiments and analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of our method against the state-of-the-art approaches on widely-used UDA benchmarks., Comment: Accepted to IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology (TCSVT)

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel strategy to achieve dual-band symmetry-protected bound states in the continuum (BICs) in silicon metasurfaces. This strategy is based on the hybridization of Mie surface lattice resonances (SLRs) in periodic silicon bipartite nanodisk arrays, of which the central nanodisk displaced from the center of the unit cell. We show that dual-band electric quadrupole and magnetic dipole BICs can be supported in such a system, and transfer to quasi-BICs with ultrahigh measured quality factors up to 1240 at the Γ point. Taking advantage of the SLR characteristics, we show that the spectral separation and the quality factors of these two quasi-BICs can be conveniently tuned by varying the nanodisk diameter or the lattice period. Making use of these dual-band quasi-BICs, we numerically obtain bulk sensitivities above 480 nm/RIU and high figures of merit up to 1200. We also show that when the central nanodisk is not displaced but has different diameter, the silicon bipartite nanodisk array supports an electric dipole BIC that was referred to as subradiant SLR in the literature. Our work provides a new approach for realizing and tuning dual-band BICs, and the obtained ultrahigh-Q quasi-BICs can find potential applications in nonlinear optics, multimodal lasing, and optical sensing.

As the conflict between Russia and Ukraine intensifies, the Western football world has chosen to sanction Russia by banning its domestic football teams from participating in FIFA and UEFA affiliated tournaments. Unlike previous disciplinary sanctions imposed by international football organisations, this sanction has a number of rare features in terms of the context in which it is imposed, the subject matter of its issuance and its effects, and will inevitably have a profound impact on the future governance of international sport. This article will analyze the legal governance system of international football organisations, with a focus on international sports arbitration under the jurisdiction of CAS and consider how Chinese sportsman can use legal weapons to avoid a vicious circle in the face of crises and seek more benign external interactions, with a view to establishing a voice for Chinese sport.

Light sheet microscopy has emerged as a powerful technique for three-dimensional and long-term vivo imaging within neuroscience and developmental biology. A light sheet illumination with structured light fields allows a better tradeoff between the field of view and axial resolution but suffers from strong side lobes. Here, we propose a method of producing structured light sheet illumination with suppressed side lobes by applying the superposition of two light sheets. The side lobe suppression results from the destructive interference between the side lobes and constructive interference between the main lobe of the two light sheets. In the proposed method, the incident light pattern in the rear pupil plane of the illumination objective is a combination of the incident light line beams required for the generation of the two interfering light sheets. We present a fast and simple calculation method to determine the incident light pattern in the rear pupil plane. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed sidelobe suppression method for double-line light sheet, four-line light sheet, as well as line Bessel sheet. In particular, an 81% decrease in the relative side lobe energy can be achieved in case of double-line light sheet with an almost nonchanging propagation length. We show a way of using combined incident light patterns to generate structured light sheets with interference-resulted side lobe suppression, which is straightforward in design and with advantages of improved imaging performance.

Extracted MenSC (Menstrual blood-derived stem cells) from female menstrual blood. Added various exogenous factors in-vitro and simulated the female uterine environment to observe how to make MenSC differentiation into Endometrial epithelial cells by artificial induction. MenSCs were divided into 4 groups: 2.5×10−5 mol/L E group, 1.613 nmol/L EGF group, 2.5×10−5 mol/L E+1.613 nmol/L EGF group, control Group (only MenSCs); the relevant indicators of the experiment includes cell staining and Western Blot to detect CK and VIM protein content; RT-PCR to detect CK-19 mRNA and VIM mRNA. The cell staining results showed that E+EGF group had significant differentiation in 7 days and 14 days. CK-19mRNA of E+EGF group was significantly higher than other groups, and the EGF group expression was obviously higher than that of E group, and VIMmRNA expression is opposite to that. The protein expression had the similar performance. MenSC can differentiate into endometrial epithelial cells after induced by E and EFG; and the co-culture of E and EFG can achieve better differentiation, which proves their work together in MenSC differentiate towards endometrial epithelial cells.

2D multiferroics with magnetoelectric coupling combine the magnetic order and electric polarization in a single phase, providing a cornerstone for constructing high-density information storages and low-energy-consumption spintronic devices. The strong interactions between various order parameters are crucial for realizing such multifunctional applications, nevertheless, this criterion is rarely met in classical 2D materials at room-temperature. Here an ingenious space-confined chemical vapor deposition strategy is designed to synthesize atomically thin non-layered ε-Fe

Epitaxial growth and controllable doping of wafer-scale atomically thin semiconductor single crystals are two central tasks to tackle the scaling challenge of transistors. Despite considerable efforts have been devoted, addressing such crucial issues simultaneously under two-dimensional (2D) confinement is yet to be realized. Here we design an ingenious epitaxial strategy to synthesize record-breaking 4-inch Fe-doped transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) single crystals on industry-compatible c-plane sapphire without miscut angle. Atomically thin transistors with the highest recorded electron mobility (~231 cm2 V−1 s−1) and remarkable on/off current ratio (~109) are fabricated based on 4-inch Fe-MoS2 single crystals, due to the ultralow contact resistance (~489 Ω µm) and subthreshold swing (~95 mV dec−1). In-depth characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal that the introduction of Fe significantly decreases the formation energy of parallel steps on sapphire surfaces and contributes to the edge-nucleation of unidirectional alignment TMDCs domains (>99%), as well as the modulation of band structures. This work represents a substantial leap in terms of bridging synthesis and doping of wafer-scale 2D semiconductor single crystals without the need for substrate miscut, which should promote the further device downscaling and extension of Moore’s law.

(Quasi-)one-dimensional systems exhibit various fascinating properties such as Luttinger liquid behavior, Peierls transition, novel topological phases, and the accommodation of unique quasiparticles (e.g., spinon, holon, and soliton, etc.). Here we study molybdenum blue bronze A0.3MoO3 (A = K, Rb), a canonical quasi-one-dimensional charge-density-wave material, using laser-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Our experiment suggests that the normal phase of A0.3MoO3 is a prototypical Luttinger liquid, from which the charge-density-wave emerges with decreasing temperature. Prominently, we observe strong renormalizations of band dispersions, which is recognized as the spectral function of Holstein polaron derived from band-selective electron-phonon coupling in the system. We argue that the strong electron-phonon coupling plays a dominant role in electronic properties and the charge-density-wave transition in blue bronzes. Our results not only reconcile the long-standing heavy debates on the electronic properties of blue bronzes but also provide a rare platform to study novel composite quasiparticles in Luttinger liquid materials., 19 pages, 4 figures, accepted by Nature Communications

Tin selenide (SnSe

Owing to the unique properties of strongly confined and enhanced electric fields, surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) provide a new platform for the realization of ultracompact plasmonic circuits. However, there are challenges in coupling light into SPPs efficiently and subsequently routing SPPs. Here, we propose a multi-directional SPPs splitter and polarization analyzer based on the catenary metasurface. Based on the abundant electromagnetic modes and geometric phase modulation principle of catenary structure, the device has realized high efficiency beam splitting for four different polarization states ( x -polarization, y -polarization, LCP and RCP). The central wavelength of the device is 632 nm and the operation bandwidth can reach 70 nm (585-655 nm). Based on the phenomenon of SPPs beam splitting, we present a prototype of a polarization analyzer, which can detect the polarization state of incident light by adding photodetector with light intensity logic threshold in four directions. Moreover, by combining this device with dynamic polarization modulation techniques, it is possible to be served as a router or switch in integrated photonic circuits.