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The organic–inorganic hybrid self-pigmenting effect of the anodic aluminium oxide membrane exhibits color conversion with the nanochannel size due to the distribution of anion-contaminated species.

Perovskites with flexible structures and excellent redox properties have attracted considerable attention in industry, and their denitration activities can be further improved with metal substitution.

Anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) membranes with self-ordered nanochannels have become promising candidates for applications in the aspects such as structural coloration, photonic crystals, upconversion luminescence and nanofluidic transport. Also, self-ordered AAO membranes have been extensively used for the fabrication of functional nanostructures such as nanowires, nanotubes, nanoparticles, nanorods and nanopillars. Geometries of nanochannels are crucial for the applications of AAO membranes as well as controlling growth (

Probable surface NH3-SCR reaction mechanism over CuCe/TiO2-ZrO2 catalyst is proposed to follow the E–R mechanism and the L–H mechanism, while the E–R mechanism dominates in the reaction and the oxidation of NO closes the catalytic cycle.

We encourage chief information officers (CIOs) to play more active roles in organizational level strategy making in the digital era and examine how CIOs could lead their organizations’ digital innovation initiatives. We propose that it is the CIO’s effectiveness in issue selling (i.e., the acts that are directed toward affecting top management teams’ (TMT) attention to and understanding of strategic issues), rather than his or her structural position, that directly influences the level of organizational digital innovation success. Nevertheless, CIO structural power should not be overlooked because it could amplify (i.e., positively moderate) the impact of CIO issue selling to digital innovation outcomes. In addition, we identify four enabling forces of CIO issue selling effectiveness: (1) CIO strategic decision-making authority, (2) CIO/TMT partnership, (3) CIO information technologies (IT)–related strategic knowledge, and (4) CIO political savvy. Matched-pair survey data collected from senior business and IT executives of 179 organizations largely support the research hypotheses.

Soil moisture storage capacity (SMSC) links the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems, which is required as spatial parameters for geoscientific models. However, there are currently no available common datasets of the SMSC on a global scale, especially for hydrological models since conventional evapotranspiration-derived estimates cannot represent the extra storage capacity for the lateral flow and runoff generation. Here, we produce a dataset of the SMSC parameter for global hydrological models. Joint parameter calibration of three commonly used monthly water balance models provides the labels for a deep residual network. The global SMSC is constructed based on the deep residual network at 0.5° resolution by integrating 15 types of meteorological forcings, underlying surface properties, and runoff data. SMSC products are validated with the spatial distribution against root zone depth datasets and validated in the simulation efficiency on global grids and typical catchments from different climatic regions. We provide the global SMSC parameter dataset as a benchmark for geoscientific modelling by users.

In waveguided nematic liquid crystal random lasers (NLCRLs), we realize polarized random laser (RL) emission and discover that the waveguide effect reduces the transmission loss of the RL whose polarization is parallel to the liquid crystal molecules (LCMs). Compared with the traditional liquid crystal random lasers, the waveguide NLCRLs can achieve the regulation of RLs strength, polarization, and wavelength in the same structure. The electric field can drive the rotation of LCMs to control the RL polarization and intensity. The drop of horizontal polarization laser and the increase of vertical polarization laser prove the role of the waveguide effect. In addition, the disorder of the waveguided NLCRLs is highly sensitive to temperature, which makes it easy to control the wavelength and intensity of the RL. As the temperature rises, the waveguide effect is weakened, resulting in a weakening of the restriction along liquid crystal (LC) cell normal direction. The reduced laser intensity verifies the role of the waveguide effect.

Pulsating auroras are usually observed with ultralow-frequency (ULF) waves in the Pc 3–5 band (period 10–600 s). These auroras are thought to result from interactions between energetic electrons and chorus waves, but their relationship with ULF waves remains an open question. In this study, we investigated this question by conducting a comparative study on two ULF wave events with pulsating auroras observed near the magnetic footprints. Conjugate observations from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission and the Chinese Yellow River Station were used. In both events, lower-band chorus waves were observed, which were suggested to be connected with the auroral pulsations by wavelet analysis. The intensity of these waves oscillates at the period of the ULF waves, but the physics laid behind them differs by events. During the event of 22 January 2019, compressional ULF waves changed the threshold for the whistler anisotropy instability periodically, affecting the emission of chorus waves. In the event on 10 January 2016, poloidal ULF waves modulated the chorus wave generation by regulating electron temperature anisotropy through drift resonance. ULF waves in these events may originate from perturbations in the solar wind. We highlight the role of ULF waves in the solar wind–magnetosphere–ionosphere coupling, which requires further study.

By filling the liquid crystal (LC) in the air holes of a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with 8 mm length, a compact multi-band thermal optical switch is proposed here including two important telecommunication band, i.e., 1265 to 1317 nm and 1508 to 1568 nm. Within the bandwidth, the extinction ratio can be as high as 30 dB. Under the combined action of the bandgap-guiding mechanism and the interference effect, a temperature change of only 1 °C after clearing temperature ( Tc ) of the LC induces multi-band thermal optical switch of the LC-filled PCF. It is also noted that the transmission spectrum of the LC-filled PCF is quite sensitive to the ambient temperature. The consequent thermal sensitive is 3.9 nm/°C, making it a very good candidate for monitoring the temperature herein.

Abstract:: Adverse drug events have been a long-standing concern for the wide-ranging harms to public health, and the substantial disease burden. The key to diminish or eliminate the impacts is to build a comprehensive pharmacovigilance system. Application of the “big data” approach has been proved to assist the detection of adverse drug events by involving previously unavailable data sources and promoting health information exchange. Even though challenges and potential risks still remain. The lack of effective privacy-preserving measures in the flow of medical data is the most important Accepted: one, where urgent actions are required to prevent the threats and facilitate the construction of pharmacovigilance systems. Several privacy protection methods are reviewed in this article, which may be helpful to break the barrier.

International audience

Multi-component hybrid optical heterojunctions assembled from chromophore-doped polymer microwires are one of the first choices of building blocks for the construction of complex/integrated functional photonic devices, because they not only have the advantages of the individual components (optical confinement from one-dimensional microstructures, high emission efficiency from chromophore and flexibility from polymer matrix), but also bring novel performances to the system by the synergetic interactions between multiple components which cannot be obtained from single components. Herein, we propose a strategy to construct different waveguide heterojunctions through arrangement and combination of two kinds of polymer doped optical microwires via micromanipulation. One of them (MW1) contains carboxyl-fluorescein and photochromic spiropyran which will undergo photoisomerization upon external light stimuli, producing tunable fluorescence (FL) emission for MW1 due to the adjustable fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The other (MW2) is embedded with the dye rhodamine 6G whose FL always remains almost unchanged. Waveguide logic gate, switch and modulator within these heterojunctions can be well realized by changing the external light stimuli and excitation position. Our study indicates that these tunable-emission microwire heterojunctions composed of responsive dye molecules would provide a novel tactic in developing multi-functional advanced waveguides for integrated micro/nanophotonic devices and circuits.

It is still a challenge to realize high mechanical and superior thermal conductive properties simultaneously in one thermal management material. Herein, chemically–physically double cross-linked and stretching orientation strategies were combined to construct a highly ordered cellulose nanofiber network and edge-hydroxylated boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS–OH) structure for fabricating robust cellulose/BNNS–OH composite film with superior thermal conductivity. The aligned regenerated cellulose nanofiber network induced the in-plane orientation of BNNS–OH through covalent and hydrogen bonding interaction. The air-drying densification process was further applied to construct a tightly packed structure for achieving a high tensile strength (226 MPa) and in-plane thermal conductivity (TC, 20.41 W m−1 K−1), which was almost 30 times higher than the through-plane TC (0.69 W m−1 K−1), indicating anisotropic TC properties. The flexible and robust composite film exhibited not only fast heat dissipation for cooling communication devices, but also superior oxygen barrier properties and signal penetration, showing its great potential in communication devices encapsulation. It also provides a novel avenue for preparing highly oriented one-dimensional and two-dimensional composite materials.

To further ascertain the origin of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation reservoirs in the Ordos Basin, the M54-M51 sub-members of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation in the eastern Sulige gasfield of Ordos Basin were taken as examples to analyze the vertical development characteristics of eogenetic karst and to discover the dissolution mechanism and its control on reservoirs through observation of a large number of cores and thin sections. According to detailed analysis of petrologic characteristics, the reservoir rock types include micritic dolomite, grain dolomite and microbialite which have mainly moldic pore, intergranular (dissolved) pore, and (dissolved) residual framework pore as main reservoir space respectively. The study area developed upward-shallowing sequences, with an exposure surface at the top of a single upward-shallowing sequence. The karst systems under the exposure surface had typical exposure characteristics of early dissolution and filling, indicating these reservoirs were related to the facies-controlled eogenetic karstification. With the increase of karstification intensity, the reservoirs became worse in physical properties.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) characterized by hyperglycemia during pregnancy is a risk factor for various maternal and fetal complications. The key pathophysiological mechanisms underlying its development have not been elucidated, largely due to the lack of a model that accurately simulates the major clinical and pathological features of human GDM. In this review, we discuss the refined criteria for an ideal animal model of GDM, focusing on the key clinical and pathophysiological characteristics of human GDM. We provide a comprehensive overview of different models and currently used species for GDM research. In general, insulin insufficiency consequent to pancreatic β-cell death represents the current leading strategy to mimic human GDM-like hyperglycemia in animals. Nonetheless, these models have a limited capacity to mimic the natural history of GDM, the marked alteration in circulating estrogen/ progestogen, obesity and its related metabolic complications. We discuss emerging evidence of the increased susceptibility to GDM in rodents and large animals with genetic modifications in pregnancy-related hormones. An appraisal of current GDM models suggests that a combination strategy involving dietary stress, pregnancy-related hormones, insulin resistance and metabolic disorders might enable the development of better GDM models and expedite the translation of basic research findings to GDM treatment.

Nitrous oxide (N2O), as one of the six greenhouse gases, is mainly produced in the biological nitrogen removal process of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Establishing the N2O kinetic model can...

A “green”, low-cost, and efficient processing technology to spin regenerated cellulose multifilaments has attracted much attention in the textile field. Herein, robust cellulose filaments were prod...