110 results on '"Khuri-Bulos, Najwa"'
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102. Neonatal Sepsis
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KHURI-BULOS, NAJWA, primary
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- 1981
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103. ASPIRATED STOOL SAMPLES FROM INFANTS WITH GASTROENTERITIS
- Author
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Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, primary
- Published
- 1987
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104. Meningococcal Meningitis Following Rifampin Prophylaxis
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Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, primary
- Published
- 1973
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105. Bacteroides Brain Abscess Treated With Clindamycin
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Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, primary
- Published
- 1973
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106. Meningococcal Meningitis Following Rifampin Prophylaxis
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Khuri-Bulos, Najwa
- Abstract
Rifampin prophylaxis was administered to contacts of a 2-month-old infant with meningococcemia. This was shown to be effective in eradicating the organism from the nasopharynx of all treated contacts. Two weeks later a 4-year-old sibling of the patient was admitted to the hospital with meningococcal meningitis. Epidemiologic investigation disclosed an untreated carrier, as well as the persistence of Neisseria meningitidis in the nasopharynx of the treated index case.
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- 1973
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107. Bacteroides Brain Abscess Treated With Clindamycin
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Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, McIntosh, Kenneth, and Ehret, Josephine
- Abstract
Clindamycin (7-chloro-7-deoxy lincomycin) is a semisynthetic antibiotic produced by the replacement of the 7-hydroxyl group by a halogen in the parent compound lincomycin. In clinical trials clindamycin has been found to be effective in eradicating thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic infections with bacteroides. This drug has not been tried in anaerobic central nervous system infections, however.A 6-year-old girl developed urticaria following chloramphenicol administration for bacteroides brain abscess. Chloramphenicol was discontinued and in its place she was given clindamycin. She recovered completely after surgery and prolonged antibiotic therapy with clindamycin.
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- 1973
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108. Neonatal Sepsis
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KHURI-BULOS, NAJWA
- Abstract
Sir.—I read with interest the article "A Half Century of Neonatal Sepsis at Yale: 1928 to 1978" by Dr Freedman and his colleagues in the Journal (1981;135:140-144). I was impressed by the relatively large number of Haemophilus influenzae isolates in the group that accounted for 2.3% of cases in the latter study group. Interestingly, six of the 11 strains were nontypable. This is in agreement with a finding by Dr McIntosh and me that was previously published.1 In fact, to my knowledge, we were the first to point out the emergence of H influenzae as an important pathogen in neonatal sepsis. Furthermore, we pointed out, at the time, the relationship of the maternal genital carriage of H influenzae to the occurrence of disease in the newborn. We screened 121 women for H influenzae in the genital tract and were able to find nontypable H influenzae in less than
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- 1981
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109. Global burden of acute lower respiratory infection associated with human parainfluenza virus in children younger than 5 years for 2018: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Wang X, Li Y, Deloria-Knoll M, Madhi SA, Cohen C, Arguelles VL, Basnet S, Bassat Q, Brooks WA, Echavarria M, Fasce RA, Gentile A, Goswami D, Homaira N, Howie SRC, Kotloff KL, Khuri-Bulos N, Krishnan A, Lucero MG, Lupisan S, Mathisen M, McLean KA, Mira-Iglesias A, Moraleda C, Okamoto M, Oshitani H, O'Brien KL, Owor BE, Rasmussen ZA, Rath BA, Salimi V, Sawatwong P, Scott JAG, Simões EAF, Sotomayor V, Thea DM, Treurnicht FK, Yoshida LM, Zar HJ, Campbell H, and Nair H
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- Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Global Health statistics & numerical data, Paramyxoviridae Infections complications, Paramyxovirinae isolation & purification, Respiratory Tract Infections epidemiology, Respiratory Tract Infections virology
- Abstract
Background: Human parainfluenza virus (hPIV) is a common virus in childhood acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI). However, no estimates have been made to quantify the global burden of hPIV in childhood ALRI. We aimed to estimate the global and regional hPIV-associated and hPIV-attributable ALRI incidence, hospital admissions, and mortality for children younger than 5 years and stratified by 0-5 months, 6-11 months, and 12-59 months of age., Methods: We did a systematic review of hPIV-associated ALRI burden studies published between Jan 1, 1995, and Dec 31, 2020, found in MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, Global Health Library, three Chinese databases, and Google search, and also identified a further 41 high-quality unpublished studies through an international research network. We included studies reporting community incidence of ALRI with laboratory-confirmed hPIV; hospital admission rates of ALRI or ALRI with hypoxaemia in children with laboratory-confirmed hPIV; proportions of patients with ALRI admitted to hospital with laboratory-confirmed hPIV; or in-hospital case-fatality ratios (hCFRs) of ALRI with laboratory-confirmed hPIV. We used a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess risk of bias. We analysed incidence, hospital admission rates, and hCFRs of hPIV-associated ALRI using a generalised linear mixed model. Adjustment was made to account for the non-detection of hPIV-4. We estimated hPIV-associated ALRI cases, hospital admissions, and in-hospital deaths using adjusted incidence, hospital admission rates, and hCFRs. We estimated the overall hPIV-associated ALRI mortality (both in-hospital and out-hospital mortality) on the basis of the number of in-hospital deaths and care-seeking for child pneumonia. We estimated hPIV-attributable ALRI burden by accounting for attributable fractions for hPIV in laboratory-confirmed hPIV cases and deaths. Sensitivity analyses were done to validate the estimates of overall hPIV-associated ALRI mortality and hPIV-attributable ALRI mortality. The systematic review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42019148570)., Findings: 203 studies were identified, including 162 hPIV-associated ALRI burden studies and a further 41 high-quality unpublished studies. Globally in 2018, an estimated 18·8 million (uncertainty range 12·8-28·9) ALRI cases, 725 000 (433 000-1 260 000) ALRI hospital admissions, and 34 400 (16 400-73 800) ALRI deaths were attributable to hPIVs among children younger than 5 years. The age-stratified and region-stratified analyses suggested that about 61% (35% for infants aged 0-5 months and 26% for 6-11 months) of the hospital admissions and 66% (42% for infants aged 0-5 months and 24% for 6-11 months) of the in-hospital deaths were in infants, and 70% of the in-hospital deaths were in low-income and lower-middle-income countries. Between 73% and 100% (varying by outcome) of the data had a low risk in study design; the proportion was 46-65% for the adjustment for health-care use, 59-77% for patient groups excluded, 54-93% for case definition, 42-93% for sampling strategy, and 67-77% for test methods. Heterogeneity in estimates was found between studies for each outcome., Interpretation: We report the first global burden estimates of hPIV-associated and hPIV-attributable ALRI in young children. Globally, approximately 13% of ALRI cases, 4-14% of ALRI hospital admissions, and 4% of childhood ALRI mortality were attributable to hPIV. These numbers indicate a potentially notable burden of hPIV in ALRI morbidity and mortality in young children. These estimates should encourage and inform investment to accelerate the development of targeted interventions., Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests YL reports grants from WHO outside the submitted work. MD-K reports grants from Merck and Pfizer, and personal fees from Merck outside the submitted work. SAM reports grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, GlaxoSmithKline, Minervax, and Pfizer; and personal fees from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from PATH, Sanofi Pasteur, and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; and non-financial support (funds to travel to meeting) from Parexel during the conduct of the study. SRCH reports grants from Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation during the conduct of the study. HO reports grants from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development during the conduct of the study. EAFS reports grants, personal fees, and non-financial support (travel to Investigator meetings and to consultation meetings) from AstraZeneca, Merck, Pfizer, Regeneron, and Roche; personal fees from AbbVie, Alere, and Cidara; non-financial support (travel to meetings) from AbbVie and Novavax; other support fees for being on data and safety monitoring board from AbbVie and GlaxoSmithKline; and grants from Johnson and Johnson and Novavax, outside the submitted work. JAGS reports grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Gavi, The Vaccine Alliance, the UK Medical Research Council, the UK National Institute for Health Research, and the Wellcome Trust, outside the submitted work. L-MY reports grants from Japan Initiative for Global Research Network on Infectious Diseases and Agency for Medical Research and Development during the conduct of the study. HJZ reports grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the South Africa Medical Research Council, and the South Africa National Research Foundation, outside the submitted work. HC reports grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Johns Hopkins University, Sanofi, and WHO; and personal fees from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Johns Hopkins University, Sanofi, and WHO, during the conduct of the study. HN reports grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and personal fees from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation during the conduct of the study; and grants from the Foundation for Influenza Epidemiology, Innovative Medicines Initiative, Sanofi, UK National Institute for Health Research, and WHO, and personal fees from AbbVie, Foundation for Influenza Epidemiology, Janssen, Reviral, and Sanofi, outside the submitted work. All other authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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110. Clinical features of parainfluenza infections among young children hospitalized for acute respiratory illness in Amman, Jordan.
- Author
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Howard LM, Rankin DA, Spieker AJ, Gu W, Haddadin Z, Probst V, Rahman H, McHenry R, Pulido CG, Williams JV, Faouri S, Shehabi A, Khuri-Bulos N, and Halasa NB
- Subjects
- Child, Preschool, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Infant, Jordan, Male, Oxygen therapeutic use, Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human, Paramyxoviridae Infections therapy, Prospective Studies, Respiratory Tract Infections therapy, Respiratory Tract Infections virology, Respirovirus Infections physiopathology, Respirovirus Infections therapy, Seasons, Paramyxoviridae Infections physiopathology, Respiratory Tract Infections physiopathology
- Abstract
Background: Parainfluenza virus (PIV) is a leading cause of acute respiratory illness (ARI) in children. However, few studies have characterized the clinical features and outcomes associated with PIV infections among young children in the Middle East., Methods: We conducted hospital-based surveillance for ARI among children < 2 years of age in a large referral hospital in Amman, Jordan. We systematically collected clinical data and respiratory specimens for pathogen detection using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We compared clinical features of PIV-associated ARI among individual serotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4 and among PIV infections compared with other viral ARI and ARI with no virus detected. We also compared the odds of supplemental oxygen use using logistic regression., Results: PIV was detected in 221/3168 (7.0%) children hospitalized with ARI. PIV-3 was the most commonly detected serotype (125/221; 57%). Individual clinical features of PIV infections varied little by individual serotype, although admission diagnosis of 'croup' was only associated with PIV-1 and PIV-2. Children with PIV-associated ARI had lower frequency of cough (71% vs 83%; p < 0.001) and wheezing (53% vs 60% p < 0.001) than children with ARI associated with other viruses. We did not find a significant difference in supplemental oxygen use between children with PIV-associated infections (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.12, 95% CI 0.66-1.89, p = 0.68) and infections in which no virus was detected., Conclusions: PIV is frequently associated with ARI requiring hospitalization in young Jordanian children. Substantial overlap in clinical features may preclude distinguishing PIV infections from other viral infections at presentation.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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