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• We analysed consumer meal leftover waste behaviours. • Two distinctive meal waster clusters were identified. • Inefficient food storage and cooking behaviours contribute to meal waste. • Customised interventions are needed to address heterogeneous food leftover behaviours. Meal leftovers are a major component of household food waste. However, there is a limited understanding of leftover food management behaviours, which can assist in reducing food waste in household settings. This study segments households with distinctive behaviours associated with meal leftover management. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used for consumer segmentation. Data on meal leftovers and food management behaviours were collected using a national-level survey of 1728 Australian households. We identified two heterogenous groups of households regarding leftover meal management, 'Self-sufficient savers' (59% of the sample) and 'Naïve discarders' (41% of the sample). The findings indicate that inefficient cooking and storing behaviours lead to cooked meals being discarded. ' Naïve discarders' dispose of leftover meals either immediately or after storing them because they do not have sufficient cooking skills to repurpose leftovers or judge the safety of the food after storing them. They also lack meal-planning skills. In contrast, the 'Self-sufficient savers' demonstrated efficient cooking skills and storing behaviours. They read and followed the storage and meal portioning instructions. Results highlight the need for customised interventions targeting consumers with low cooking and storing knowledge to contribute towards overall food waste minimisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Consumer motivations have a strong influence on household leftover food management. • Motivations to reduce leftover waste are driven by negative feelings associated with it. • Meal planning, food inventory and storage management affect leftover food waste. • Competing goals interfere with reducing household leftover food waste. Food leftovers are a major contributor to household food waste. However, the drivers of household food leftover management practices are less understood. This study analyses the leftover food management behaviour using the Motivation-Opportunity-Ability framework. A Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis was used to empirically test the influence of motivation, opportunity, ability, and competing goals on self-reported leftover food management practices of Australian consumers. The results show consumers' motivation is strongly associated with leftover food management practices. Particularly, consumers are motivated not to waste food because of negative feelings towards wasting food and understanding the consequences of leftover food waste. Consumer abilities in meal planning, efficient cooking, food inventory management, interpreting expiry dates, and food storage also significantly affected leftover food management in the home. The availability of time, information technology and lifestyle showed a relatively weaker impact on leftover food management. Competing goals of eating healthy, safe, and tasty food and having enough food lower the interest in leftover food management in the home. Understanding the drivers of leftover food management can guide designing interventions to promote behaviour change in preventing leftover waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Advising to refrain from leftover was correlated with food waste behaviors. • Meal-related rituals was correlated with food waste behaviors. • Gratitude for food mediated the association of an advice with food waste behaviors. • Gratitude for food mediated the association of rituals with food waste behaviors. Japanese parents and educators teach children to refrain from leaving food in their plates. Their teachings have direct (advising children to refrain from leaving food uneaten) and indirect (meal-related rituals before and after mealtimes) influence in enhancing gratitude for food in daily life. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine 1) the interaction of direct and indirect approaches to avoiding food waste behaviors and 2) the mediation of gratitude for food by preventing such behaviors. Overall, 400 Japanese adults (female: n = 200) responded to a self-administrated anonymous questionnaire survey measuring: the present food waste avoiding behaviors; current gratitude for food; direct and indirect childhood approaches for avoiding food waste behaviors. Participants' mean (standard deviation) age and body mass index were 40.0 (11.6) and 21.9 (3.9), respectively. A significant main effect of the indirect approach and the interaction of direct and indirect approaches were obtained by adjusting the participants' background. Moreover, through mediation analyses with percentile-corrected bootstrap confidence intervals, it was observed that gratitude for food mediated the association between direct and indirect childhood approaches and avoiding food waste behaviors. Despite no information on the current meal-related rituals of the respondents, this study suggests the potential of these approaches in enhancing gratitude for food as a new approach to reduce food waste worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In China, single women over 27 are deemed to be "leftover." While the majority of studies suggest that the Chinese-language media have perpetuated the patriarchal discourse surrounding the leftover myth, few studies have investigated the English-language news media in China which claims to be more liberal with a critical approach. To fill this niche, this study investigates the dominant gendered discourses surrounding the leftover myth and how the myth is (de)legitimised in 30 English-language news articles produced in China by employing van Leeuwen's sociosemantic approach from a feminist critical discourse perspective. The findings show that both patriarchal and resistant discourses co-exist. While both sets of legitimation and delegitimation strategies are found in the patriarchal and resistant discourses, the delegitimation strategies occur more frequently to challenge the leftover myth than the legitimation strategies to perpetuate it. This study sheds light on the hybridised discourses surrounding the leftover myth in relation to the wider discursive and sociocultural contexts in postsocialist China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing pursuit of education, employment and financial independence among women, which is undoubtedly an impact of early inception of women's liberation movement in China, has nevertheless resulted in more and more women becoming uncompromising, when it comes to a marriage partner. Moreover, even though men are always in search for good looking and professionally successful women, but they are invariably unwilling to wed women with as much or more education or income than themselves. As a result, a new category of women, the 'leftover women' has emerged. This article explores the reasons behind their emergence and role played by women's liberation movement therein. It also studies the actions taken by governing bodies in creating and propagating the term itself and the stigma around it, especially pinpointing the approach taken by them towards 'leftover women' visa-vie 'leftover men'. It reveals the underlying patriarchal agenda of gendered governance, behind twisting and practically stalling the women's liberation movement in China in the recent years. As the official narrative of women's liberation and development is increasingly catering to more traditional and patriarchal values, the article argues, Chinese government is taking a complete U-turn in women's liberation movement in the 21st century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waste management is a current and transversal problem in all production areas, including agriculture. Within this economic activity, wine production generates a large amount of waste, namely, that resulting from the winemaking activity itself, such as pomace and grape stalks, and waste resulting from the management of the vineyards, with operations such as vine pruning. The management of vine pruning residuals has traditionally been conducted by burning leftovers on-site, without any use for the energy produced. This research analyzed the potential for the valorization of residual biomass resulting from vine pruning by creating a business model based on value chains of local scale. For this analysis, several samples of residues resulting from the "Loureiro" vine variety planted in Ponte de Lima (northern Portugal) were collected and characterized. The objective of the small-scale business model created, in addition, to solving the environmental problems related to the disposal of waste from agricultural activities, a value chain can be established, contributing to increasing the income of the farmers while introducing a circular bioeconomy and sustainable rural development practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, leftover injera waste from the southwestern parts of Ethiopia was used as a raw material for bioethanol production. The conversion of this biomass into ethanol involved processing techniques, which include hydrolysis, fermentation, and distillation. This research focuses on determining optimal parameters that are temperature, acid concentration, and hydrolyzing time in a hydrolysis stage. Using response surface analysis, the suggested model is quadratic and has three independent factors, which had significant effects on the yield of ethanol. In this analysis, the temperature and hydrolyzing time had a positive relationship with the yield of ethanol whereas acid concentration had a negative relation. The optimum yield of ethanol obtained was 79.07%. The yield optimized in g/g was 29.99, which was obtained at a temperature of 109.99°C, at an acid concentration of 1.00%, and hydrolyzing time of 49.59 minutes. For this analysis, the mathematical model equation was developed and the R2 value was 99.9% and its desirability was 0.8867. The property of ethanol was characterized by the many parameters used in different standardization. The density, viscosity, flammability, boiling points, and pH were determined as 0.803 gcm−3, 1.1 cP, 14°C, 80°C, and 6.65, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The environmental impacts of waste cooking oil (WCO) can be profoundly serious when it is not handled properly. Instead of discarding leftover cooking oil as waste, recent technological advancements have made it possible to use WCO as a sustainable feedstock for biofuels production, while also addressing the disposal issue. This work developed an efficient and high stability hydrothermal WCO transformation process into green diesel fuel. In the present work, a homemade environmentally benign activated carbon was prepared from a bio-sourced precursor and impregnated with a Pd precursor. A set of experiments were conducted at 300 °C-350 °C, 40 and 50 bar, and times up to 240 min to evaluate the performance of Pd/AC catalysts against deoxygenation (DO) and deactivation reactions. The results showed a substantial enhancement of the activity and stability of the coated Pd/AC catalyst versus the uncoated one. Also, the green diesel fuel possesses an outstanding higher heating value of 46 kJ/mol. Based on experiments, the best kinetic model for the DO process was developed. The optimum kinetic parameters were obtained by the optimization approach. For a wide variety of operating conditions, the projected product conversion demonstrated satisfactory agreement with the experimental results, with absolute average errors of less than 8%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Space has become a driver not only for knowledge, inspiration, cooperation, and policymaking, but also for high-end technology integration into the manufacturing domain. As the high-density city quarters, the Macau Peninsula carries multiple functions via its public outdoor spaces, and they are of vital significance. Closely intertwined with Industry 4.0 is therefore the next industrial revolution that is already showcasing the benefits of increased connectivity, intelligence, and flexible automation. The rapid urbanization of Macao was not guided by sound land use planning, induced the scattering of many negative spaces on narrow streets. Because of their irregular shapes and utilization difficulties, these spaces gradually become leftover spaces. A number of measurement-based street leftover spaces models have been developed over the years by researchers as well as standards bodies to model path in typical wireless environments. In this paper, the streets of Macao are analyzed based on the city characteristics. The pedestrians and spatial relationships are investigated via space syntax and SPSS regression fitting. Finally, activation design of street leftover spaces is conducted, for making better use of leftover spaces, compensate for the functional deficiencies of streets, and endow them with more vigor and vitality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study private classical communication over quantum multiple-access channels. For an arbitrary number of transmitters, we derive a regularized expression of the capacity region. In the case of degradable channels, we establish a single-letter expression for the best achievable sum-rate and prove that this quantity also corresponds to the best achievable sum-rate for quantum communication over degradable quantum multiple-access channels. In our achievability result, we decouple the reliability and privacy constraints, which are handled via source coding with quantum side information and universal hashing, respectively. Hence, we also establish that the multi-user coding problem under consideration can be handled solely via point-to-point coding techniques. As a by-product of independent interest, we derive a distributed leftover hash lemma against quantum side information that ensures privacy in our achievability result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food waste and leftovers were common materials that were currently used as biocompost or soil conditioners upon decomposition. Food waste was a source of food that has declined nutritional value and is not deemed favorable for human consumption. Leftovers were defined as uneaten edible remains of a meal. Biodegradation of these components contributes to many macronutrients, including carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in the compost, which makes it a suitable growing condition for plants. In this study, the main sources of research data were one hundred thirty-one scientific articles relating to food waste treatment methods and the growth quality of plants over the last few years. This review was the consensus of the role and characteristics of food waste and leftovers as fertilizers. Moreover, the paper briefly discusses the different composting methods for these materials and their corresponding effects on the growth quality of plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper propose an algorithm for the multiple silicon steel coils multiperiod two-dimensional lengthwise cutting stock problem (m2DLCSP), so as to minimize the total cost of materials and production. Design/methodology/approach: The authors propose a sequential leftovers utilization correction (SLUC) algorithm for the m2DLCSP. The algorithm primarily considers three optimization strategies. First, it considers usable leftovers to simplify the cutting process and improve material utilization. The total quantity and types of leftovers should be limited in order to avoid leftover overstock. Second, it uses a splice method of items to improve the generated cutting plan. Third, it takes into account operational restrictions in the cutting operations. Operational restrictions include imposing maximum and minimum lengths on the cutting patterns, and the limitation of cutting knives at the slitting machines. Findings: Several sets of benchmark with real-world and randomly generated instances are provided to evaluate the algorithm. Compared with literature algorithm and current procedure applied in enterprises, the computational results indicate that proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the total cost, and the computation time is reasonable for practical use. Social implications: This algorithm can effectively reduce the total cost. Originality/value: The proposed method can effectively applied to solve the m2DLCSP and improve the economic efficiency of enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kamaboko is an important fish product that is consumed in high volumes across the globe. This study investigated whether the amount of sorghum distillers grains (SDGs) contained in kamaboko affected its quality. Kamaboko containing SDG had significantly higher cohesiveness and chewiness, but reduced springiness and gumminess. However, the SDG addition ratio had no significant effect on hardness. The pH value (range, pH 4.98–5.87) and cooking loss (range, 2.54–2.71%) were significantly lower than the control group (5.99 and 5.27%, respectively). The kamaboko's emulsification stability and water loss (range, 1.22–1.59%) decreased with increasing SDG; however, the differences were not significant. The fat loss (range, 0.02–0.10%) and water‐holding capacity (WHC) (range, 91.56–95.91%) at high SDG addition ratios (100%) were significantly lower than those in the control group (0.07 and 96.12%, respectively). Practical applications: The results of this study demonstrate the practical application of sorghum distillers grains (SDG), a byproduct of brewing a famous Taiwanese alcoholic drink, kaoliang liquor. Sorghum distillers grains can replace starch in emulsified seafood products, such as kamaboko, to create products with favorable qualities (texture profile analysis, pH value, cooking loss, and emulsification stability). Ultimately, our findings should serve as a reference for exploring the diverse roles of SDG in food processing, provide a basis for adding value to SDG, and help reduce the waste and the environmental problems caused by leftover distillers grains generated during the alcohol brewing process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the transition towards a circular economy in the context of household food waste practices. The research concerning the circular economy has mainly focused on engineering or the processes of production, manufacturing, business and industry. However, the transition towards a circular economy requires, in addition to new technologies, infrastructures and innovations, a societal change and a change in everyday practices. In this article, we address this by examining the everyday practices of food waste reduction in households as ethical work. We claim that the intertwined practices, institutions and policies of the circular economy create moral categories and responsibilities in everyday food consumption. Thus, the transition towards circular economy requires everyday ethical work carried out by consumers. However, our analysis also brings out some possible challenges related to this transition that has not yet been accomplished. Our research materials consist of 26 food waste diaries collected from Finnish households and participant observation in 4 leftover cooking workshops organized with the Finnish Martha organization. We adapt Michel Foucault's conception of ethics, focusing on the constitution of ethical subjectivity in food waste practices. Moreover, we utilize practice theoretical approach that has been widely used in food waste and sustainable consumption studies and connect it with Foucault's theory. Our results suggest that in order to understand the circular economy as a moral economy, it is crucial to note the moral complexity of everyday life that results from partly contradictory ethical sensitivities and practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Undernutrition is the most difficult and widespread public health concern in low-income nations including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the associated risk factors of stunting and wasting among children aged 6–59 months in Jima Geneti district, Western Oromia, Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 500 children from December 1 to 28, 2020. A multiple-stage sampling method was performed to select children from each kebele. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and the nutritional status was generated using WHO Anthro v. 3.2.1. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS version 20.0. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify the associated risk factors of stunting and wasting among children in the study area. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The study results showed that the prevalence of stunting and wasting among children was 27% and 11.8%, respectively. The findings of this study also revealed that the prevalence of household food insecurity and poor dietary diets was 19.6% and 52.2%, respectively. Low wealth status (AOR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.1, 5.55) and poor dietary diets (AOR = 4.7; 95% CI: 2.5, 8.83) were associated risk factors for stunting. However, child meal frequency (AOR = 3.9; 95% CI: 1.23, 12.6), and children who did feed leftover food (AOR = 2.75; 95% CI: 1.02, 7.44) were associated risk factors for wasting. Poor dietary diets (AOR = 2.65; 95% CI: 1.06, 6.66) were also associated risk factors for wasting. The findings of this study concluded that the prevalence of stunting and wasting was high in the study area. Therefore, addressing family-level risk factors which are major drivers of children's nutritional status is crucial to ensure the nutritional status of children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Food and nutrition education (FNE) activities in the context of school meals have been highlighted for contributing, among other possibilities, to the reduction in food wastage. Objective: To assess the impact of FNE activities aimed at reducing wastage in school meals. Methods: The study began with a diagnosis food wastage in two public elementary schools in Santa Bárbara do Oeste-SP and Limeira-SP, through monitoring of leftovers and food waste, for 12 non-consecutive days, at different times, between August and December 2019. After the diagnosis, the FNE activities were planned, prepared, and executed, with subsequent analysis of the results. The activities were carried out with elementary school classes (n=152 schoolchildren), allocated to "control" (n=77) and "intervention" (n=75) groups, to enable evaluation of the effectiveness of the FNE in reducing food wastage at the end of the study (control vs. intervention). Results: In both schools, the consumption of rice, beans, and the protein dish stood out, compared to the other preparations. Waste reduction was observed in both schools, in the intervention and control groups, when comparing the data before and during the intervention (p<0.05). The reductions in wastage in the intervention group were 62.0% in the SBO school and 43.1% in the Limeira school. Conclusion: FNE activities were effective, but long-term follow-up is recommended to assess their effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to understand procurement management in the clothing industry in Maringá-PR city. Design/methodology/approach: Descriptive qualitative research was done, considering the theoretical framework, five semi-structured interviews with managers of the clothing industry, and analyzed by qualitative content analysi. Research, Practical & Social implications: The study contributes to the understanding of the purchasing management importance, specifically in the field of clothing industries. It was found that to avoid the lack of raw material resulting from deadline non-compliance for suppliers, safety stocks and advance purchases were observed. Finally, average spending on raw materials compared to total spending was up to 35%. Originality/value: The focus on purchasing management, highlighting its strategic role in organizations, as well as the contribution to efficiency, quality, and logistics, indicates the paper's originality and value. In addition, it is a sector that is considered the second largest in the world, with companies of different sizes that generate and distribute income, jobs and contribute to local economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the effects of an environmentally friendly drug deactivation bag on opioid disposal among patients undergoing gynecologic surgery.Methods: This prospective cohort study included patients undergoing gynecologic procedures requiring an opioid prescription from March 2020 to December 2020. Patients were managed on a restrictive opioid prescribing algorithm and given an opioid disposal bag. The carbon drug deactivation bag neutralizes the opioid medication and can be discarded safely in the trash. Patients were educated about pain management goals and the disposal bag. Patients were surveyed at their postoperative visit to evaluate satisfaction, number of leftover pills, and disposal methods. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics 26.Results: Two hundred patients were asked to complete the survey, with a response rate of 78%. The most common procedures were exploratory laparotomy (50%) and minimally invasive hysterectomy (41%). Most patients (91%, 95% CI 91-97) filled their opioid prescription and 64 (41%, 95% CI 34-48) had leftover opioid pills. Most patients with leftover opioid pills (73%, 95% CI 67-79) discarded them; 78%, 95% CI 69-80 used the disposal bag. Patients undergoing an exploratory laparotomy most commonly used the disposal bag. All patients who used the disposal bag stated they would use it again.Conclusion: Despite a restrictive opioid prescribing algorithm, 41% of gynecologic surgical patients had leftover opioid pills. This study demonstrated that leftover opioid pills were safely discarded 73% of the time when patients were provided an opioid disposal bag and preoperative education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to determine the level of practical skills of rural women in the area of cottage industries in Fayde district and determine the level of practical skills in the area of food industry and to identify the relative importance of each paragraph in each area of the cottage industries which will be arranged according to priority. As well as determining the relationship between the level of practical skills of rural women in cottage industries and some of the independent variables (the age of respondents, Education Level, Social Status, family income level, participation in training courses, availability of the needs for the cottage industry) and identifying the most important problems facing rural women in cottage industries. For obtaining the data, a special questionnaire was adopted which composed of three parts: the first was in relation to personal and social information of rural women in Fayed. The second was measuring the practical skills of rural women in cottage industries using information from 53 paragraphs divided into four areas, namely, food industry from 12 paragraphs, free sewing and embroidery from 12 paragraphs, animal husbandry from 14 paragraphs and agriculture from 15 paragraphs. The latter include the most important problems facing rural women in the area of cottage industries covered by 16 paragraphs. After confirming virtual validity, the questionnaire's stability was measured by the alpha - Kronbach method where the stability factor value was 0.91. After excluding 15 individual from the total population sample, 55 rural women engaged in household industries in the Fayde area were the persistent total experiment sample. The results showed that 77.5% of the rural women under study showed high level of practical skills. The field of Agriculture ranked first among the four investigated fields. The paragraph 'I invest available primary materials for exploiting food industry' ranked first in the field of food manufacture, While 'collecting bread and leftovers for feeding animals' had the first rank in animal husbandry while the first rank in the field of Agriculture was for the paragraph 'growing vegetables in my home garden for achieving self-sufficiency for my family'. The results showed that the level of practical skills for the women under study was not correlated to variables (age, education level and number of training programs), but were highly correlated to Social Status and family income level. Findings revealed that most important problem faced by rural women is the lack of material and moral support and rural women's in the field of industries. Finally, holding training courses to develop the skills of rural women will certainly help them develop their capabilities in the fields they practice and increase their chances of obtaining convincing financial incomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid economic development, the original layout structure and spatial functions of the city have been affected. The purpose of this paper is to stimulate the potential and vitality of space through social interaction based on the analysis of activity behavior and traffic travel. Through communication in the existing leftover space, a living community with the purpose of spatial emotional connection is established or reconstructed. The social habits of residents have also undergone many adjustments and reorganizations. In this way, the degree of connection between people and space is deepened, to guide the public to actively participate in the adjustment of the characteristics of leftover space and space optimization, broaden the application boundary of space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Tom Perrotta's novel, The Leftovers (2011), and the TV series (2014–2017) based on the novel, 2% (140 million) of the world's population vanish into thin air. The event constitutes a temporal rift that divides history into Before and After and inaugurates a new mode of temporality, marked by a break with a clock-time-based economy and a yearning for the ultimate end. This new mode of temporality is accompanied by the shattering of the individual sense of being-in-time. The essay focuses on the altered experience of time both on individual and collective levels, a condition that constitutes a kind of post-apocalyptic stress disorder. The characters' reactions to the traumatic experience demonstrate that the inexplicability of the apocalyptic event and duration without closure are psychologically intolerable. As closure is impossible, they cannot work through the trauma, remaining trapped in the past event and the present anticipation of the ultimate annihilation while the future horizon becomes obliterated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The two shunts that are performed much less and are included here for completeness are the ventriculosubgaleal shunt and the ventriculocholecystal shunt. The ventriculosubgaleal shunt is an established treatment of hydrocephalus following germinal matrix hemorrhage in low-birth-weight neonates. It is also used in the treatment of post-infective hydrocephalus in children. In our institution protocol, we have used this shunt in a wide variety of indications, especially in children below six months of age. Ventriculocholecystal shunts are very much a salvage shunts when all else fails. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of the 17th Venice Architecture Biennale 2021, the United Arab Emirates pavilion, together with the collective of Curators of the national pavilions, carried out an international open call to build in the Italian city a bench reusing the leftover materials from the pavilions. This communication presents the winning project and the methodology applied in its design process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Food on-the-go is part of long-term trends towards convenience and eating out. • Learning History-approach analyses OTG's complex social-ecological processes. • Intersecting changes in urban planning, technology, domestic and corporate economy. • OTG's emergence sheds new light on the dynamics of consumer responsibilisation. • Pre-consumer types of waste generated by OTG provisioning need critical assessment. In the emergent literature, food 'on-the-go' (OTG) tends to be addressed as a consumption trend. However, considering that it entails significant amounts of packaging and food waste and has seen enormous growth in the UK since the 1990s, it is not sufficiently understood how OTG emerged as a sector. Conceptualising OTG as a provisioning practice and adopting a 'Learning History' approach, we aggregate journalistic columns and expert interviews into lineages that explain sectoral developments over time, and we ask how stakeholders frame OTG's emergence and linked waste issues. We first show how OTG derives from an interplay of actors and shifts in socio-spatial organisation within the four areas of domestic economy and convenience, health and environment, urban space and policy, and corporate economy and technology. Subsequently, we outline typical understandings of packaging and food waste and shortcomings therein. Extending debates on consumer responsibilisation, we identify narratives that sideline producers' focus on growth and their role in shaping OTG provision. Stakeholders often frame (1) OTG as demand-driven by reference to an ostensible 'convenience culture', (2) material waste as an issue of the 'consumer-facing' end of the supply chain, i.e. concerning food wrappers rather than materials used 'back-of-store' for logistics, processing, and hygiene and (3) food waste as a matter of avoiding leftovers while taking for granted resource-intensive, "wasteful" foods as part of businesses' portfolios. We conclude that addressing waste higher up the supply chain may allow for a more nuanced account of causes of, and solutions to, unsustainable provisioning practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article studies how a recent Chinese women's film Send Me to the Clouds (2019) explores different ways of looking as innovative cinematic strategies of constructing and empowering the precarious female subject against a postsocialist patriarchal ideology that dominates gendered narratives and audio-visual codes of the mainstream Chinese cinema. The film is centred upon a 30-year-old 'leftover woman' Sheng Nan's distressful life experiences and her anger at the prevailing sexism and ageism. Rather than being tamed or domesticated, throughout the film the angry and restless woman is shown to be constantly on the motion, making every effort to experiment with alternative looking relations that seek to destroy the voyeuristic pleasure and disciplinary power of the privileged male gaze, as well as to explore possibilities of creating a self-reflective and critical female gaze. A contextualized critical study of the female authorship and agency on and behind the screen will shed new light on how contemporary Chinese women filmmakers take on 'concrete and various negotiations' with the structure of domination and its representational system via 'their socially and politically conditioned cinematic practice or performance'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waste biomass can be used as a raw material for food packaging. Different concentrations of gelatin (GEL) were introduced into the leftover rice (LR) system to form an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) for improving the properties of the films. The structure and morphology of films were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy, which showed good compatibility between LR and GEL. The moisture content and oil absorption rate of IPN films were down by 105% and 182%, respectively, which showed better water and oil resistance than the LR film. In addition, increasing GEL concentration led to enhancement in the tensile strength of films from 2.42 to 11.40 MPa. The water contact angle value of the IPN films (117.53°) increased by 147% than the LR film (47.56°). The low haze of IPN films was obtained with the increment of the mutual entanglement of LR and GEL. The 30–50% GEL addition improved the water vapor barrier and thermal stability properties of the IPN films. This study highlights that LR as waste biomass can have a practical application in food packaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The increased prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in dogs necessitates research in its disease etiology. Objectives: To explore the association between puppyhood dietary exposures and prevalence of owner‐reported allergy/atopy skin signs (AASS) after the age of 1 year. Animals: Four thousand and twenty‐two dogs were eligible, 1158 cases, and 2864 controls. Methods: This cross‐sectional hypothesis‐driven observational study was extracted from the DogRisk food frequency questionnaire. Forty‐six food items and the ratio of 4 major diet types were tested for their association with AASS incidence later in life. Potential puppyhood dietary risk factors for AASS incidence were specified using binary multivariable logistic regression. The model was adjusted for age and sex. Results: Eating raw tripe (odds ratio, 95% confidence intervals OR, 95% CI = 0.36, 0.16‐0.79; P =.01), raw organ meats (OR, 95% CI = 0.23, 0.08‐0.67; P =.007), human meal leftovers, and fish oil supplements as well as eating more that 20% of the diet as raw and/or <80% of the diet as dry, in general, were associated with significantly lower AASS incidence in adulthood. In contrast, dogs fed fruits (OR, 95% CI = 2.01, 1.31‐3.07; P =.001), mixed‐oil supplements, dried animal parts, and dogs that drank from puddles showed significantly higher AASS incidence in adulthood. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Puppyhood exposure to raw animal‐based foods might have a protective influence on AASS incidence in adulthood, while puppyhood exposure to mixed oils, heat processed foods and sugary fruits might be a potential risk factor of AASS incidence later. The study suggests a causal relationship but does not prove it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

If the idea of cuisine invites readers to an elite place of appreciation, as Priscilla Ferguson has shown, comparing newspapers to leftovers and subsistence food is a move designed to generate suspicion. Nineteenth-century authors wary of press innovations compared periodicals to arlequins andmarronniers--or the bouillie de marrons sometimes made from chestnuts. Associating newspapers with such cheap foods implies that the composition of these publications has been expedient. July Monarchy writers who were concerned about the forty-franc press's tendency to decontextualize and fragment information communicated their anxiety through their uses of the arlequin metaphor. By the Second Empire, a growing market for reliable inoffensive information encouraged the publication of recurrent general-interest articles that would come to be known asmarronniers. Neither term was flattering, but their overlap with culinary discourse helps reveal the contours of nineteenth-century writers' concerns about newspaper format and press consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the concept of the arlequin, the plate of used food collected piecemeal from the tables of the rich to sell to the poor, as it was popularized by Eugène Sue in 1842 in his blockbuster novel Les Mystères de Paris. I show how this alimentary genre functions in this text not only to reflect a socioeconomic reality of the nineteenthcentury politics of eating, but also to introduce a budding aesthetic principle. The harlequin meal, composed of bits and pieces of various origins reassembled as a patchwork whole, inaugurates in Sue's novel a reappearing pattern that comes to characterize not only food but also bodies, clothing, décor, narrative form, and modes of attention and belief. I argue that the aesthetics of patchwork and collage extend as well to Sue's selffashioning as a political and moral opportunist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inventory system has been affected by many characteristics, among which deterioration of a food product is a critical issue. Chilled foods deteriorate during storage time, and their quality reduces over time. Indian Spiced Pulled Pork Sandwiches are very observable customer goods in India that are, in fact, unpreserved. If chilled foods' original value reduces over time, consumers are not much likely to buy them. The retail price of chilled food maintained is strictly dependent on its quality. From the vendor's approach, measuring quality and leftover value should be a severe commercial issue. The model aims to study deterioration together with the quality prediction of Indian Spiced Pulled Pork Sandwiches. This model measures food quality and leftover value. Deterioration rate is considered as a function of two-parameter Weibull distribution, suitable for bacterial inactivation, microbial growth, enzymes, nutrients, and pigments dreadful environments under a non-isothermal atmosphere. The dynamic structure of demand has its importance in business. The price-storage time of product-dependent demand rate is debated in this model as demand rarely remains constant. The objective is to maximize the vendor's total profit concerning storage time and the product's selling price. A numerical example supports the model. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to derive insights for decision-makers. The graphical result, in three dimensions, is exhibited with a supervisory decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with the traveling wave solutions for a class of predator-prey model with nonlocal dispersal. By adopting the truncation method, we use Schauder's fixed-point theorem to obtain the existence of traveling waves connecting the semi-trivial equilibrium to non-trivial leftover concentrations for c > c*, in which c* is the minimal wave speed. Meanwhile, through the limiting approach and the delicate analysis, we establish the existence of traveling wave solutions with the critical speed. Finally, we show the nonexistence of traveling waves for 0 < c < c* by the characteristic equation corresponding to the linearization of original system at the semi-trivial equilibrium. Throughout the whole paper, we need to overcome the difficulties brought by the nonlocal dispersal and the non-preserving of system itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]