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101. Transfer of a healthy microbiota reduces amyloid and tau pathology in an Alzheimer’s disease animal model

Author

Kim, Min-Soo, primary, Kim, Yoonhee, additional, Choi, Hyunjung, additional, Kim, Woojin, additional, Park, Sumyung, additional, Lee, Dongjoon, additional, Kim, Dong Kyu, additional, Kim, Haeng Jun, additional, Choi, Hayoung, additional, Hyun, Dong-Wook, additional, Lee, June-Young, additional, Choi, Eun Young, additional, Lee, Dong-Sup, additional, Bae, Jin-Woo, additional, and Mook-Jung, Inhee, additional

Published
2019
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103. Pseudorhodobacter turbinis sp. nov., isolated from the gut of the Korean turban shell, Turbo cornutus

Author

Jeong, Yun-Seok, primary, Kang, Woorim, additional, Lee, June-Young, additional, Sung, Hojun, additional, Kim, Hyun Sik, additional, Han, Jeong-Eun, additional, Tak, Euon Jung, additional, Lee, So-Yeon, additional, Lee, Jae-Yun, additional, Kim, Pil Soo, additional, Hyun, Dong-Wook, additional, Jung, Mi-Ja, additional, and Bae, Jin-Woo, additional

Published
2019
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111. Oceanisphaera avium sp. nov., isolated from the gut of the cinereous vulture, Aegypius monachus

Author

Sung, Hojun, primary, Kim, Hyun Sik, additional, Lee, June-Young, additional, Kang, Woorim, additional, Kim, Pil Soo, additional, Hyun, Dong-Wook, additional, Tak, Euon Jung, additional, Jung, Mi-Ja, additional, Yun, Ji-Hyun, additional, Kim, Min-Soo, additional, Shin, Na-Ri, additional, Whon, Tae Woong, additional, Rho, Jeong Rae, additional, Park, Sun Duk, additional, Shim, Hyung Eun, additional, and Bae, Jin-Woo, additional

Published
2018
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112. Tumebacillus avium sp. nov., isolated from the gut of a cinereous vulture, Aegypius monachus

Author

Sung, Hojun, primary, Kim, Hyun Sik, additional, Lee, June-Young, additional, Kang, Woorim, additional, Kim, Pil Soo, additional, Hyun, Dong-Wook, additional, Tak, Euon Jung, additional, Jung, Mi-Ja, additional, Yun, Ji-Hyun, additional, Kim, Min-Soo, additional, Shin, Na-Ri, additional, Whon, Tae Woong, additional, Rho, Jeong Rae, additional, Park, Sun Duk, additional, Shim, Hyung Eun, additional, and Bae, Jin-Woo, additional

Published
2018
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113. Blautia hominis sp. nov., isolated from human faeces

Author

Shin, Na-Ri, primary, Kang, Woorim, additional, Tak, Euon Jung, additional, Hyun, Dong-Wook, additional, Kim, Pil Soo, additional, Kim, Hyun Sik, additional, Lee, June-Young, additional, Sung, Hojun, additional, Whon, Tae Woong, additional, and Bae, Jin-Woo, additional

Published
2018
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114. Virgibacillus phasianinus sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from faeces of a Swinhoe's pheasant, Lophura swinhoii

Author

Tak, Euon Jung, primary, Kim, Hyun Sik, additional, Lee, June-Young, additional, Kang, Woorim, additional, Sung, Hojun, additional, Kim, Pil Soo, additional, Hyun, Dong-Wook, additional, Shin, Na-Ri, additional, Roh, Jeong Rae, additional, Park, Sun Duk, additional, Shim, Hyung Eun, additional, and Bae, Jin-Woo, additional

Published
2018
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116. Dysbiosis of Inferior Turbinate Microbiota Is Associated with High Total IgE Levels in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis

Author

Hyun, Dong-Wook, primary, Min, Hyun Jin, additional, Kim, Min-Soo, additional, Whon, Tae Woong, additional, Shin, Na-Ri, additional, Kim, Pil Soo, additional, Kim, Hyun Sik, additional, Lee, June Young, additional, Kang, Woorim, additional, Choi, Augustine M. K., additional, Yoon, Joo-Heon, additional, and Bae, Jin-Woo, additional

Published
2018
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129. Transfer of a healthy microbiota reduces amyloid and tau pathology in an Alzheimer’s disease animal model

Author

Kim, Min-Soo, Kim, Yoonhee, Choi, Hyunjung, Kim, Woojin, Park, Sumyung, Lee, Dongjoon, Kim, Dong Kyu, Kim, Haeng Jun, Choi, Hayoung, Hyun, Dong-Wook, Lee, June-Young, Choi, Eun Young, Lee, Dong-Sup, Bae, Jin-Woo, and Mook-Jung, Inhee

Abstract

ObjectiveCerebral amyloidosis and severe tauopathy in the brain are key pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Despite a strong influence of the intestinal microbiota on AD, the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and AD pathophysiology is still elusive.DesignUsing a recently developed AD-like pathology with amyloid and neurofibrillary tangles (ADLPAPT) transgenic mouse model of AD, which shows amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and reactive gliosis in their brains along with memory deficits, we examined the impact of the gut microbiota on AD pathogenesis.ResultsComposition of the gut microbiota in ADLPAPTmice differed from that of healthy wild-type (WT) mice. Besides, ADLPAPTmice showed a loss of epithelial barrier integrity and chronic intestinal and systemic inflammation. Both frequent transfer and transplantation of the faecal microbiota from WT mice into ADLPAPTmice ameliorated the formation of amyloid β plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, glial reactivity and cognitive impairment. Additionally, the faecal microbiota transfer reversed abnormalities in the colonic expression of genes related to intestinal macrophage activity and the circulating blood inflammatory monocytes in the ADLPAPTrecipient mice.ConclusionThese results indicate that microbiota-mediated intestinal and systemic immune aberrations contribute to the pathogenesis of AD in ADLPAPTmice, providing new insights into the relationship between the gut (colonic gene expression, gut permeability), blood (blood immune cell population) and brain (pathology) axis and AD (memory deficits). Thus, restoring gut microbial homeostasis may have beneficial effects on AD treatment.

Published
2020
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130. Comorbid immune‐mediated diseases in inflammatory bowel disease: a nation‐wide population‐based study.

Author

Park, Sung‐Wook, Kim, Tae Jun, Lee, June Young, Kim, Eun Ran, Hong, Sung Noh, Chang, Dong Kyung, Yang, Mi, Kim, Seonwoo, Shin, Myung‐Hee, and Kim, Young‐Ho

Subjects
IMMUNOLOGIC diseases, INFLAMMATORY bowel diseases, POPULATION, ETIOLOGY of diseases, HOMEOSTASIS
Abstract

Summary: Background: Although a higher risk of other immune‐mediated diseases has been reported in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, the risk factors of immune‐mediated diseases development and the effect of concomitant immune‐mediated diseases on outcomes remain poorly defined. Aim: To determine the risk factors of incident immune‐mediated diseases and the impact of comorbid immune‐mediated diseases on outcomes in IBD. Methods: Using the National Health Insurance claims data for the entire Korean population, we identified 35 581 IBD patients without immune‐mediated diseases and 595 IBD patients with immune‐mediated diseases from 2012 to 2013, and follow‐up until 2016. We selected four controls by age and sex for comparing with cases. Results: A total of 35 581 IBD patients without immune‐mediated diseases and 142 324 matched controls without immune‐mediated diseases were followed from 2014 to 2016 and of these 239 IBD patients and 357 controls developed immune‐mediated disease. The overall immune‐mediated diseases risk was higher in IBD patients (HR, hazard ratio, 2.47; 95% confidence interval, CI, 2.09‐2.91). In a nested case‐control study of the IBD cohort, adult patients aged ≥20 years and frequent hospitalisation ≥1 per year were independent risk factors for incident immune‐mediated diseases, in contrast, 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) use had protective effect (odds ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.41‐0.90) for developing immune‐mediated diseases. In addition, IBD patients with another immune‐mediated disease had an increased risk of needing anti‐TNF‐α agent (HR, 2.40; 95% CI, 2.02‐2.84) and developing acute flare (HR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.37‐2.26). Conclusions: The incidence of immune‐mediated diseases in IBD patients was higher than that of non‐IBD population. 5‐ASA use may reduce this risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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131. Identifying Inflammatory Pathways That Promote RBC Alloimmunization in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease

Author

Hernandez-Armengol, Rosario, Lee, June Young, Paul, Kausik, Chang, Che-Yu, Shibata, Tomohiro, and Gibb, David R

Abstract

Introduction: During red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, exposure to unmatched non-ABO antigens can lead to production of alloantibodies that promote potentially fatal hemolytic events. Patients with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) have the highest incidence of RBC alloimmunization. Prior studies indicate that an altered immuno-regulatory and/or pro-inflammatory state may determine the risk of RBC alloimmunization. For example, one study reported that patients with SCD have inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms that could be associated with diverse disease presentations and alloimmunization. We previously reported that inflammatory type 1 interferons (IFNα/β) produced by innate immune cells are required for RBC alloimmunization in mice, while others have suggested that NFkB-induced cytokines play a role in murine transfusion models. However, the inflammatory factors that regulate RBC alloimmunization in patients with SCD are poorly understood. Alloimmunized patients with SCD also have elevated levels of anti-RBC autoantibodies, which facilitate erythrophagocytosis. Given the role of erythrophagocytosis by spleen macrophages in processing RBC antigens, we hypothesized that erythrophagocytosis of SCD RBCs may promote inflammatory pathways that regulate alloimmune responses.

Published
2023
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148. Design of Offshore Structures using Global Optimization Strategies

Author

Lee, June Young, Clauss, Günther, and Technische Universität Berlin, Fakultät V - Verkehrs- und Maschinensysteme

Subjects
ddc:620
Abstract

In der vorliegenden Dissertation wird ein verbessertes numerisches System zum praktischen Entwurf von Offshore-Strukturen vorgestellt. Das System der hydrodynamischen Formoptimierung meerestechnischer Konstruktionen beruht auf drei eigenständigen numerischen Werkzeugen: der Geometriemodellierung (CAD), der hydrodynamischen Analyse (CFD) und der Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie zur Abschätzung der hydrodynamischen Eigenschaften im unregelmäßigen Seegang. Das Gesamtsystem wird durch Optimierungsalgorithmen gesteuert, um die Seegangseigenschaften in einem automatisierten Prozess zu verbessern. Ausgehend von einem vorgegebenen Entwurf oder zufällig ausgewählter Ausgangsstrukturen werden Formvariationen durchgeführt, bis ein Minimum der Zielfunktion gefunden ist. Zur Berechnung der Zielfunktionen stehen zwei unterschiedliche Programme zur Verfügung, die abhängig vom Typ der Struktur selektiv eingesetzt werden können: Für die Analyse hydrodynamisch kompakter Strukturen wird das 3D-Diffraktions-Radiations-Programm WAMIT verwendet, womit die zuverlässige Analyse der Kräfte und Bewegungen beliebig geformter Körper im Seegang möglich ist. Für hydrodynamisch transparente Strukturen wird das auf der Basis der vektoriellen Morisongleichung entwickelte Programm TFC (Transfer Function Calculation) eingesetzt, das erfolgreich mit Seegangsversuchsdaten validiert wurde. Damit werden die Üertragungsfunktionen für Kräfte und Bewegungen weitgehend analytisch und dadurch sehr viel schneller ermittelt, als mit einem 3D-Panelverfahren. Da das erweiterte Programm auch die zähigkeitsbedingte Widerstandskraft einbezieht, kann der Einfluss der Zähigkeit auf die Formoptimierung untersucht werden. Bei der Formoptimierung hydrodynamisch kompakter Strukturen wirdzur Vergrößerung der Formenvielfalt ein erweitertes Formgenerierungsverfahren eingesetzt. Aus den Formparametern werden die Grundkurven einer Strukturkomponente definiert und damit die Oberfläche der Komponente durch eine modifizierte Sweeping-Operation in Form einer Non-Uniform-Rational-B-Spline (NURBS) Fläche automatisch erzeugt, ohne jeglichen Eingriff des Benutzers. Zur Bewertung der Zielfunktion werden die relativen Häufigkeiten der Seegangszustände auf Grundlage der Langzeit-Seegangsstatistik ermittelt, bei denen der operationelle Betrieb unterbrochen werden muss. Die Summation dieser Seegangszustände, d.h. die seegangsbedingte Ausfallzeit, wird als Gütekriterium für die Formoptimierung herangezogen. Außerdem werden auch Ermüdungsschäden als Zielfunktion eingesetzt, um die Lebensdauer ausgewählter Konstruktionselemente zu maximieren. Alle Zielfunktionen werden mittels einer linearen Spektralanalyse im Frequenzbereich durchgeführt. Globale Optimierungsstrategien wurden mit einer deterministischen Methode (Sequential Quadratic Programming) hinsichtlich des Aufwandes und der Leistungsfähigkeit verglichen. An Beispielen wird illustriert, wie sich exzellente Ausgangsstrukturen mit deterministischen Verfahren noch erheblich verbessern lassen. Im multimodalen Fall kann bei der Anwendung lokaler Algorithmen das beste Optimum verfehlt werden. Hier können globale Optimierungsstrategien mit größerer Wahrscheinlichkeit bessere lokale Minima und eventuell das gesuchte globale Optimum erzielen. This thesis presents an improved numerical procedure for optimum adjustment of shapes to environmental conditions and presents new results in the design of offshore structures. By employing parametric shape generation, numerical hydrodynamic analysis and assessment tools as well as Nonlinear Programming algorithms the seakeeping characteristics of offshore structures are improved automatically. Starting from an initial design defined by form parameters or from randomly selected initial designs, free variables of the hull shape are to be modified, until new optimum offshore structures with significant improvement of seakeeping qualities are found within the provided constraints, such as hydrostatic stability at design draft. Two different Program System are available for the evaluation of objective functions. Depending on the type of structure -hydrodynamically transparent or compact hydrodynamic characteristics are evaluated by the Program TFC (Transfer Function Calculation) based on a Morison-type analysis or the 3-Ddiffraction-radiation software package WAMIT. Validated successfully by experimental results, the Program TFC can take viscous effects into consideration in the hydrodynamic shape optimization. For the shape optimization of hydrodynamically compact structures the extended surface generation procedure is applied to enhance the diversity of shape variations. Based on the selected form parameters basic lines of structure components are defined and a NURBS surface of the hull surface is generated by the modified sweeping operation without any user interaction. Rational design criteria based on short and long-term wave statistics are introduced and utilized as objective function in the optimization process. As a result, significant forces, motions, downtime and fatigue damage due to irregular sea states are minimized. Performance of a deterministic optimization algorithm (Sequential Quadratic Programming) is compared to stochastic methods like Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithms or combined algorithms (hybrid method). It is illustrated that favourable initial designs can be significantly improved by local methods. In the multimodal case local methods cannot ensure the best possible design. Here global optimization strategies may find better solution with greater probability and in some cases may even find the global optimum.

Published
2004

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