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The β-cyclodextrin-graft-(maleic anhydride-co-acrylonitrule) copolymer (β-CD-g-(MAHco-AN)) synthesized through radical polymerization reactions of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) with maleic anhydride (MAH) and acrylonitrule (AN) in the special monomer proportion, chemically modify with amidoxime groups to obtained the new adsorbent, which was terms as amidoxime-functionalized β-cyclodextrin-graft-(maleic anhydride-co-acrylonitrule) copolymer (β-CD-g-(MAH-co-AO)). Based on the characteristic results of Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and thermalgravity analysis (TGA) techniques, the grafted nitrile groups were successfully converted to amidoxime groups by reaction with hydroxylamine. In this report, the influence of different factors such as pH value and ionic strength, solid-liquid ratio, contact time, initial U(VI) concentration, and temperature on adsorption was investigated by a batch adsorption experiment. The adsorption process fitting results show that the adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacity was 0.747 g/g at pH 4.0. In addition, the regeneration performance was investigated by varying the concentration of eluent, temperature, and contact time. Under the desorption condition of 0.10 M HNO3, the adsorbents can be reused 12 times in the case that the adsorption capacity was not significantly reduced. The functionalized copolymer exhibits high selectivity under circumstance of other co-existing ions is present in the solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Realizing the reasonable allocation of resources is possible to solve the dual problems of resources and environment. Therefore, in this study desert cyanobacterium Scytonema javanicum was cultivated in artificial synthetic wastewater to explore the feasibility of nutrient transferring from wastewater to desert. After inoculation, S. javanicum grew well in the wastewater; nitrogen and phosphorus were gradually removed from the wastewater. In general, cyanobacterial biomass, exopolysaccharide content, COD, nitrogen and phosphorus contents were all significantly affected by the cultivation time, wastewater dilution treatment and their interaction ( P < 0.001). Comprehensively considering the producing period, biomass accumulation and nutrient removal efficiency, cultivation time of cyanobacterium S. javanicum in the synthetic wastewater should be controlled around 20 days, with wastewater dilution ratio at 1:1. Conclusively, desert cyanobacterium S. javanicum is a promising species for nutrient transferring from wastewater to desert, and its maximum biomass yield could reach 3.91 mg Chl- a L −1 in the synthetic wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neonicotinoids, as the most widely used pesticides in the world, help improve the production of crops. Meanwhile, it also brings potential threats to surrounding environments and other organisms because of its wide use and even abuse. In this study, Scenedesmus sp. TXH isolated from a wastewater treatment plant was used to remove the neonicotinoid pesticide thiamethoxam (THIA). The removal efficiency, degradation pathway, metabolite fate of THIA and physicochemical effects on microalgae cells were studied. Meanwhile, the feasibility of using microalgal technology to remove THIA from municipal wastewater was also explored. The results showed that 5–40 mg/L of THIA slightly promoted the growth of microalgae, while 60 mg/L THIA severely inhibited microalgal growth. It was observed that malondialdehyde content and superoxide dismutase activity in 60 mg/L THIA group increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the early stage of the experiment, indicating that THIA caused oxidative damage to microalgae. Scenedesmus sp. TXH showed high-efficient degradation ability and high resistance to THIA, with 100% removal of THIA at 5, 20 and 40 mg/L groups and 97.5% removal of THIA at 60 mg/L group on day 12. THIA was mainly removed by biodegradation, accounting for 78.18%, 93.50%, 96.81% and 91.35% under 5, 20, 40 and 60 mg/L on day 12, respectively. Six degradation products were identified, and four potential degradation pathways were proposed. In practical wastewater, the removal efficiency of total dissolved nitrogen, total dissolved phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and THIA reached 85.68%, 90.00%, 98.43% and 100%, respectively, indicating that Scenedesmus sp. TXH was well adapted to the wastewater and effectively removed THIA and conventional pollutants. [Display omitted] • MDA and SOD of Scenedesmus sp. TXH were significantly increased in 60 mg/L THIA. • Scenedesmus sp. TXH was tolerant to THIA, and could withstand its high doses. • Biodegradation played a key role in THIA removal. • Six degradation products and four potential degradation pathways were proposed. • Scenedesmus sp. TXH showed excellent THIA removal performance in wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • 92.75% of dechlorination efficiency and 29.3% of COD removal were achieved. • PRO-UV/S(IV)-ARPs showed outstanding detoxification performance. • Dominant radicals and conversion mechanisms were investigated in the PRO-UV/S(IV)-ARPs. • Possible degradation pathways of CAP degradation were proposed. • The feasibility of practical application on wastewater was evaluated. Although advanced reduction processes (ARPs) based on UV/S(IV) (UV/sulfite) processes could achieve higher dechlorination and degradation efficiencies for organic pollutants, the mineralization and detoxification efficiencies still need to be further improved. In this study, post-reoxygenation was employed to improve the mineralization and detoxification of chloramphenicol (CAP) in UV/S(IV)-ARPs. The effects of initial pH and aeration rate on the dechlorination and mineralization efficiency of CAP were investigated. At the optimized conditions (pH 3.0, aeration rate of 0.3 L min−1), 92.75 % of dechlorination efficiency and 29.3 % of COD removal were obtained after 2 h of reoxygenation. Meanwhile, the effects of inorganic anions (Cl-, SO 4 2-, HCO 3 –, NO 3 –, and HPO 4 2-) on the removal of COD and dechlorination efficiency were also evaluated. Furthermore, the electron paramagnetic resonance analysis disclosed that SO 4 •- and HO• mainly contributed to the mineralization of CAP. Further degradation and mineralization of CAP were confirmed in the post-reoxygenation UV/S(IV)-ARPs (PRO-UV/S(IV)-ARPs) and the intermediates were identified. The ecotoxicity prediction and residual toxicity assessment revealed that the ecotoxicity of CAP solution was significantly reduced after the treatment of post-reoxygenation. Overall, the PRO-UV/S(IV)-ARPs provides a promising choice with straightforward operation for the purification and detoxification of CAP wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The granulation of activated sludge and effect of granular activated carbon (GAC) was investigated under the alternative anaerobic and aerobic conditions. The results showed that GAC accelerated the granulation, but had no obvious effect on the bacterial community structure of granules. The whole granulation process could be categorized into three phases, i.e. lag, granulation and granule maturation phase. During lag period GAC provided nuclei for sludge to attach, and thus enhanced the morphological regularization of sludge. During granulation period the granule size increased significantly due to the growth of bacteria in granules. GAC reduced the compression caused by the inter-particle collisions and thus accelerate the granulation. GAC has no negative effect on the performance of SBR, and thus efficient simultaneous removal of COD, nitrogen and phosphorus were obtained during most of the operating time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hierarchical porous carbon material as a supercapacitor electrode material has attracted great attention from many researchers around the world. In this paper, a simple and efficient buried activation technique is introduced to prepare a high-specific-surface-area carbon foam (up to 3106.7 m 2 g −1 ), which possesses unique hierarchical porous structure composed of super-large macropores (0.5–5 μm), bicontinuous large micropores (1.14 nm) and small mesopores (3.12 nm). The hierarchical porous structure allows the rapid ion transport within the electrode, which endows the carbon foam with excellent supercapacitor performances in both 1 mol L −1 KOH and 1 mol L −1 H 2 SO 4 electrolytes. Very high specific capacitances of up to 364.2 F/g in KOH electrolyte and 413.6 F/g in H 2 SO 4 electrolyte at a current density of 1 A/g are demonstrated for the present carbon foam. Such the as-prepared electrode is able to deliver extremely high energy densities of 72.84 Wh/kg and 82.72 Wh/kg at a power density of 600 W/kg in KOH and H 2 SO 4 electrolytes, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The studies on the removal of Neonicotinoids pesticides (NNIS) and their degradation products have attracted more and more attention. However, the simultaneous removal of pesticides and conventional pollutants remain inadequately understood. In this study, a green alga strain Scenedesmus sp. TXH was isolated from a wastewater treatment plant and the microalgae-bacteria system was constructed with municipal wastewater. The removal effect of consortium system on Imidacloprid (IMI)/Thiacloprid (THI) and conventional nutrients was employed. Results showed that Scenedesmus sp. TXH achieved 71.24 % and 9.71 % removal of IMI and THI in wastewater under 100 μmol m−2 s−1 of light intensity, much higher than the 55.54 % and 2.71 % without inoculating Scenedesmus sp. TXH. The removal efficiency of the two pollutants was obviously different, which may be attributed to the different functional groups of pollutants. Meanwhile, a much faster removal of conventional pollutants (TDN, TDP and sCOD) occurred in algae-wastewater group. Based on the identified products from mass spectrometer, the main reaction pathways were found and products have lower toxicity evaluated by Ecological Structure-Activity Relationship (ECOSAR) program. This study provided valuable information for the development of NNIS removal with microalgae, which could further enhance the feasibility of microalgae applications in removing NNIS and conventional pollutants. [Display omitted] • Algae-bacteria consortium removed 71.24 % of IMI and 9.71 % of THI. • More than 80 % and 90 % of TDN and TDP were removed by algae-bacteria consortium. • The main way of removing pesticide by algae-bacterial consortium was biodegradation. • More degradation products of THI were detected in algae-bacteria consortium. • Scenedesmus sp. TXH can be used as a promising species for IMI/THI treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neonicotinoids, such as Imidacloprid (IMI), are frequently detected in water and wastewater, posing a threat on both the environment and the health of living things. In this work, a novel algae-bacteria biofilm reactor (ABBR) was constructed to remove IMI and conventional nutrients from municipal wastewater, aiming to explore the removal effect and advantage of ABBR. Results showed that ABBR achieved 74.9% removal of IMI under 80 μmol m−2·s−1 light, higher than photobioreactor (PBR) without biofilm (61.2%) or ABBR under 40 μmol m−2·s−1 light (48.4%) after 16 days of operation. Moreover, it also showed that ABBR allowed a marked improvement on the removal of total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) and soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD). ABBR showed different IMI removal efficiencies and bacterial communities under different light conditions, indicating that light played an important role in driving ABBR. The merits of ABBR are including (i) ABBR showed rapid pollutant removal in a short time, (ii) in ABBR, stable consortiums were formed and chlorophyll content in effluent was very low, (iii) compared with PBR, degradation products in ABBR showed lower biological toxicity. Our study highlights the benefits of ABBR on IMI removing from municipal wastewater and provides an effective and environment-friendly engineering application potential of IMI removal. [Display omitted] • A new type of algae-bacteria biofilm reactor (ABBR) was designed. • Light plays an important role in driving ABBR. • ABBR realized 75% removal of IMI under 80 μmol photons m−2 s−1 in 16 days. • The degradation products and path of IMI in ABBR were monitored. • Bacteria composition of ABBR showed differences under different illumination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel small-mesopores-enriched porous carbon microspheres have been synthesized from carbonaceous polysaccharide microspheres, by using the associated lithium acetate treating and heat treating strategies. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques have been employed to investigate the as-prepared samples. The analysis results indicate that the porous carbon microspheres has a high specific surface area of 1163 m 2 g −1 and a satisfactory small mesoporous texture (2∼5 nm), with the mean pore size of 3.24 nm and the pore volume ratio of 2∼5 nm pores up to 92%. The capacitive performances of the samples in 6 mol L −1 KOH aqueous electrolyte, have been tested by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and charge-discharge techniques. A specific capacitance of 171.5 F/g is obtained for the porous carbon microspheres via charge-discharge at a current density of 1000 mA/g. It also displayed a very high cycle stability of 97.8%, compared with the initial capacitance, after 1000 cycles at the high current density of 1000 mA/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The widespread use of neonicotinoid pesticides has caused environmental threat that has attracted scientific concern. This study developed a microalgae fuel cells (MFCs) with Chlorella sp. as the cathode synergistically enhanced the removal of imidacloprid (IMI). The MFCs were operated at open-circuit and closed-circuit. Under closed-circuit condition (with an external load), 57.20–61.66% of IMI (10–50 mg/L) was removed within 12 days. However, only 39.66–42.66% was removed in the open-circuit (without an external load). Additionally, a voltage of 200 mV was also detected in the closed-circuit MFCs, indicating the green bioenergy was produced during the degradation of IMI. Cyclic voltammetry revealed that the cathodic electroactivity was higher with the addition of IMI. Biomass accumulation (indicated by chlorophyll and dry cell weight) were significantly enhanced by IMI. On the 12th day, there was no difference in MDA content between the different IMI concentration (10–50 mg/L), while a significantly upregulated superoxide dismutase (SOD) of each group was also found at the same time. Six intermediates were detected and five major degradation pathways were proposed. Based on the identified products and microalgae growth, the degradation products of IMI were less toxic /non-toxic than IMI. Considering the efficient removal of IMI and energy production, the MFCs could be a promising technique for controlling IMI contamination by effective detoxification. [Display omitted] • Microalgae fuel cells remove IMI and generated bioelectricity simultaneously. • IMI degradation of 57.20 ± 1.70% - 61.66 ± 3.05% achieved within 12 days in MFCs. • MFCs was showed to perform better than conventional microalgae treatment methods. • Six degradation products of IMI were detected in MFCs. • The degradation pathways of IMI in the MFCs were proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sumfrequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy was appliedto study molecular interactions between amantadine and substrate supportedlipid bilayers serving as model cell membranes. Both isotopicallyasymmetric and symmetric lipid bilayers were used in the research.SFG results elucidated how the water-soluble drug, amantadine, influencedthe packing state of each leaflet of a lipid bilayer and how the drugsaffected the lipid flip-flop process. It is difficult to achieve suchdetailed molecular-level information using other analytical techniques.Especially, from the flip-flop rate change of isotopically asymmetriclipid bilayer induced by amantadine, important information on thedrug–membrane interaction mechanism can be derived. The resultsshow that amantadine can be associated with zwitterionic PC bilayersbut has a negligible influence on the flip-flop behavior of PC moleculesunless at high concentrations. Different effects of amantadine onthe lipid bilayer were observed for the negatively charged DPPG bilayer;low concentration amantadine (e.g., 0.20 mM) in the subphase couldimmediately disturb the outer lipid leaflet and then the lipid associatedamantadine molecules gradually reorganize to cause the outer leafletto return to the original orderly packed state. Higher concentrationamantadine (e.g., 5.0 mM) immediately disordered the packing stateof the outer lipid leaflet. For both the high and low concentrationcases, amantadine molecules only bind to the outer PG leaflet andcannot translocate to the inner layer. The presence of amantadinewithin the negatively charged lipid layers has certain implicationsfor using liposomes as drug delivery carriers for amantadine. Besides,by using PC or PG bilayers with both leaflets deuterated, we wereable to examine how amantadine is distributed and/or oriented withinthe lipid bilayer. The present work demonstrates that SFG resultscan provide an in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanismsof interactions between water-soluble drugs and model cell membranes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hierarchically macro-/mesoporous γ-Al 2 O 3 (HMMA) was synthesized and characterized by various analytical techniques. The results indicated that HMMA possessed macropores (∼0.45 μm) and mesopores (∼10.6 nm) with a large surface area (∼542 m2 g−1). The absorption behaviors of Mo and Re with HMMA were investigated. The maximum static absorption capacity could reach about 250 mg Mo per g HMMA. The absorption equilibrium can be attained quickly within 10 mins. At initial Mo ions concertation of 10,000 mg L−1, the breakthrough capacity was determined to be around 200 mg Mo per g HMMA. Additional, absorption mechanism results indicated that Mo ions reacts strongly with a hydroxyl on the surface of γ-Al 2 O 3 and an adjacent Al atom, simultaneously. A 9.15 mCi (339 MBq) 99Mo generator was prepared and evaluated its performance for over one week. The recovery of 99mTc could reach about 89% with favorable radionuclidic, radiochemical and chemical purity for nuclear medicine application. HMMA has a potential application prospect for the preparation of low specific activity (LSA) 99Mo/99mTc generator. • HMMA showed high absorption capacity to Mo ions. • LSA 99Mo/99mTc generator used HMMA as column materials has been prepared. • 99mTc eluted from 99Mo/99mTc generator were used for preparation of radiopharmaceuticals using MDP and MIBI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complete autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) is used in wastewater treatment. However, the performance of the CANON system significantly decreases at low temperatures; thus, a new strategy to improve the resistance of the CANON system is required. To investigate the impact of sludge ratio control (high-granule, equivalent, and high-floc systems) on the resistance of CANON to low temperatures, and their recovery after restoring to normal temperature, the nitrogen removal performance of hybrid systems with different ratios was evaluated. The equivalent system had the lowest nitrite accumulation rate and highest nitrogen removal rate. Anaerobic ammonia oxidation was the rate-limiting step of each system, and hzs was the rate-limiting gene. The higher anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AAOB) abundance and hzs expression levels resulted in an equivalent system with better resistance and recovery to short-term low temperatures at the gene level. [Display omitted] • Nitrogen removal performance of CANON system with different sludge ratios studied. • Resistance to low temperature and recovery of CANON system was evaluated. • Systems with different sludge ratios have varied resistance to low temperatures. • Biofortification has a positive effect on the gene transcription process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crew scheduling of the passenger dedicated line is the daily work plan of train attendants, and crew scheduling problem is one of the key problems of the train crew management. Considering the actual condition of China's railway and crew rules, a crew scheduling model is established in this paper to minimize rest time between two consecutive shifts in all roundtrips. In order to solve the scheduling model, in this paper a serial-parallel ant colony optimization algorithm (SP-ACO) is provided. The SP-ACO proposed two improvements: (1) a serial-parallel ant grouping strategy, it means that we let every group of ants find the solution one group by one group for reflecting the positive feedback in a generation; (2) the transition method based on the roulette wheel selection, it means that we randomly select between the certain search and the roulette wheel to make the diversity of solutions for avoiding all ants toward the same part of the search space. Finally, two application cases of the scheduling model are represented. The two cases results show that the methods can not only automatically set roundtrips, but also decrease the number of roundtrips, and the results also show that the feasibility of model and the validity of improved ant colony algorithm for crew scheduling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein we report the discovery of 1-(5-(tert-butyl)isoxazol-3-yl)-3- (3-fluorophenyl)urea derivatives as new FLT3 inhibitors that are able to overcome the drug resistance mutations: the secondary D835Y and F691L mutations on the basis of the internal tandem duplications (ITD) mutation of FLT3 (FLT3-ITD/D835Y and FLT3-ITD/F691L, respectively). The most potent compound corresponds to 1-(5-(tert-butyl)isoxazol-3-yl)-3-(4-((6,7-dimethoxyquinolin-4-yl)oxy)-3- fluorophenyl)urea (4d), which showed IC 50 s (half maximal inhibitory concentrations) of 0.072 nM, 5.86 nM and 3.48 nM against FLT3-ITD, FLT3-ITD/F691L and FLT3-ITD/D835Y, respectively. Compound 4d also showed good selectivity for FLT3 in a kinase profiling assay. Collectively, 4d could be a good lead compound and deserves further in-depth studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• S. hyalinum can well adapt to wastewater and achieve a high biomass production. • " S. hyalinum -wastewater bacteria" system efficiently removed wastewater nutrients. • An asynchronization between nutrients exhaustion and the halt of growth were found. • The "invaded" inoculum significantly regulated native bacterial community. Cultivating sand-consolidating cyanobacteria using wastewater has unique advantages on both nutrients recycling and ecological restoration by transferring excessive nutrients from wastewaters to desert areas. Although previous study showed that sand-consolidating cyanobacterium well adapted to synthetic domestic wastewater, no study has been carried out on actual wastewater. This study aims to investigate the sand-consolidating cyanobacterial biomass production and nutrients removal by cultivating Scytonema hyalinum in the municipal wastewater under different temperatures. The results showed that biomass accumulation increased with temperature from 20 ℃ to 30 ℃, while severely depressed at 35 ℃. More than 81.63% sCOD, 90.64% TDN and 97.08% TDP were removed by day 30 under each temperature except for 35℃. The inoculation of S. hyalinum strongly regulated the native wastewater bacterial community. These results indicated that sand-consolidating cyanobacterium S. hyalinum well adapted to municipal wastewater and temperature had remarkable effects on cyanobacterial biomass accumulation, nutrients removal and wastewater native bacterial community dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lysine methylation is a widespread protein post-translational modification showing essentialities in versatile cellular process. EZH2, a methyltransferase specifically trimethylates the lysine 27 of histone H3 and its aberrance in several cancers promotes the development of its inhibitors against hematological tumors. In this study, we presented a deep exploration of lysine mono-, di- and trimethylomes in EZH2 wild-type and Y641 mutant lymphoma cell lines. Our results showed that several substrates were modified in different methylation levels. Moreover, these methylated lysine residues could also undergo other types of PTMs. Combined with the differences proved in protein expression, lysine acetylation, lysine ubiquitylation and protein N-termianl acetylation level, our study underlined the substrate specificity of lysine methylation and its crosstalk with other types of PTMs. Totally, our study raised new insights into the global cellular methylation features in hematological cell lines, which provided further inspects into the distribution and function of lysine methylation. Our study showed the global landscape of mono-, di- and trimethylomes in the EZH2-aberrant DLBCL cell lines, revealing the molecular characteristics of lysine methylation. Combined with the protein abundance and potential crosstalk among different types of PTMs, our study raised new insights into the global cellular methylation features in hematological tumors and provided further inspects into the distribution and function of lysine methylation. Unlabelled Image • Global identification of lysine mono-, di- and trimethylomes in DLBCL cell lines. • Elucidation of distinct methylation patterns in cell lines with aberrant EZH2 status. • Underlining the specificity of lysine methylation and its intricate regulatory network related with protein abundance. • Exploration of the potential crosstalk between lysing methylation and other PTMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Successfully synthesized AO-XZ, for the first time for adsorption of Cs. • The maximum adsorption capacity of AO-XZ by Langmuir fitting was 222.2 mg/g. • Experiment on the effect of common competitive ion adsorption. • The AO-XZ was characterized by some new ways(SEM, BET, and XPS). The amidoxime -modified X-type zeolite (AO-XZ) was successfully prepared by using X-type zeolite (XZ) as a carrier, iminodiacetonitrile (IDAN) as a nitrile-based precursor, and loading the amidoxime group onto the XZ. Mesoporous structure of XZ was unchanged after modification and the mechanism of adsorption is ion exchange. The adsorption behavior followed the pseudo-secondary kinetics, indicating that chemical adsorption is dominant. The Langmuir model had a good fitting effect (R2 ≈ 0.9931), indicating that the adsorption process is dominated by single-layer uniform adsorption, and the maximum adsorption capacity of AO-XZ towards Cs+ by Langmuir fitting was 222.2 mg/g. The process of Cs+ adsorption by AO-XZ has high adsorption rate (greater than90%) under neutral conditions and common ion competition. Besides, in the dynamic experiment, the adsorption reached the point of failure after 14 h. The above results indicate that AO-XZ has good potential for removing Cs+ from radioactive wastewater in future practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]