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Angiomiotin (AMOT) family comprises three members: AMOT, AMOT‐like protein 1 (AMOTL1), and AMOT‐like protein 2 (AMOTL2). AMOTL2 is widely expressed in endothelial cells, epithelial cells, and various cancer cells. Specifically, AMOTL2 predominantly localizes in the cytoplasm and nucleus in human normal cells, whereas associates with cell–cell junctions and actin cytoskeleton in non‐human cells, and locates at cell junctions or within the recycling endosomes in cancer cells. AMOTL2 is implicated in regulation of tube formation, cell polarity, and shape, although the specific impact on tumorigenesis remains to be conclusively determined. It has been shown that AMOTL2 enhances tumor growth and metastasis in pancreatic, breast, and colon cancer, however inhibits cell proliferation and migration in lung, hepatocellular cancer, and glioblastoma. In addition to its role in cell shape and cytoskeletal dynamics through co‐localization with F‐actin, AMOTL2 modulates the transcription of Yes‐associated protein (YAP) by binding to it, thereby affecting its phosphorylation and cellular sequestration. Furthermore, the stability and cellular localization of AMOTL2, influenced by its phosphorylation and ubiquitination mediated by specific proteins, affects its cellular function. Additionally, we observe that AMOTL2 is predominantly downregulated in some tumors, but significantly elevated in colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD). Moreover, overall analysis, GSEA and ROC curve analysis indicate that AMOTL2 exerts as an oncogenic protein in COAD by modulating Wnt pathway, participating in synthesis of collagen formation, and interacting with extracellular matrix receptor. In addition, AMOTL2 potentially regulates the distribution of immune cells infiltration in COAD. In summary, AMOTL2 probably functions as an oncogene in COAD. Consequently, further in‐depth mechanistic research is required to elucidate the precise roles of AMOTL2 in various cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluates the relative and combined effectiveness of seaweed rafts and light traps in attracting juvenile fish, focusing on diel variations in juvenile fish assemblage in the tropical coastal waters of Gaolong Bay, Wenchang City, Hainan Province. Sampling was conducted in May 2023 during various time periods using self-made artificial drifting seaweed rafts and light traps. The nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis was employed to compare the diversity and catch per unit effort of juvenile fish across different time periods and sampling methods. The Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance, heatmaps, and Principal Coordinates Analysis were used to analyze and visualize the differences between juvenile fish assemblages. Our findings indicate that light traps were particularly effective during nocturnal periods, capturing a diverse array of species and achieving the highest richness and evenness indices. Seaweed rafts demonstrated the lowest diversity indices, largely due to the dominance of specific species, which likely contributed to the competitive exclusion of other species. Seaweed rafts showed significant effectiveness during noon, providing critical habitat and shelter that attracted juvenile fish despite the lower diversity. While each method demonstrated specific advantages, their combined approach did not significantly improve juvenile fish aggregation compared to the individual method. These findings underscore the importance of considering diel and tidal cycles in the selection of sampling methods, as aligning the method with the time of day can greatly enhance the accuracy of biodiversity assessments, leading to more informed conservation and management strategies for tropical coastal waters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resistive memory devices feature drastic conductance change and fast switching dynamics. Particularly, nonvolatile bipolar switching events (set and reset) can be regarded as a unique nonlinear activation function characteristic of a hysteretic loop. Upon simultaneous activation of multiple rows in a crosspoint array, state change of one device may contribute to the conditional switching of others, suggesting an interactive network existing in the circuit. Here, we prove that a passive resistive switching circuit is essentially an attractor network, where the binary memory devices are artificial neurons while the pairwise voltage differences define an anti-symmetric weight matrix. An energy function is successfully constructed for this network, showing that every switching in the circuit would decrease the energy. Due to the nonvolatile hysteretic function, the energy change for bit flip in this network is thresholded, which is different from the classic Hopfield network. It allows more stable states stored in the circuit, thus representing a highly compact and efficient solution for associative memory. Network dynamics (towards stable states) and their modulations by external voltages have been demonstrated in experiment by 3-neuron and 4-neuron circuits. The switching dynamics in resistive memory hardware enables efficient computations, such as stateful logic and temporal information processing. The authors show that a passive resistive switching circuit represented as an attractor network model provides high-capacity, compact and efficient solution for associative memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a two‐dimensional (2D) semiconducting material harbors intrinsic defects that can be harnessed to achieve tuneable electronic, optoelectronic, and electrochemical devices. However, achieving precise control over defect formation within monolayer MoS2, remains a notable challenge. Here, an in‐situ defect engineering approach for monolayer MoS2 using a pressure‐dependent chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process is presented. Monolayer MoS2 grown in a low pressure CVD conditions (LP‐MoS2) produces sulfur vacancy (Vs) induced defect‐rich crystals primarily attributed to the oxygen‐deficient growth conditions. Conversely, atmospheric pressure CVD‐grown MoS2 (AP‐MoS2) passivates these defects with oxygen from ambient conditions. This disparity in defect profiles profoundly impacts crucial functional properties and device performance. AP‐MoS2 shows a drastically enhanced photoluminescence, which is significantly quenched in LP‐MoS2 attributed to in‐gap electron donor states induced by the Vs defects. However, the n‐doping induced in LP‐MoS2 generates enhanced photoresponsivity and detectivity in fabricated photodetectors compared to the AP‐MoS2‐based devices. Defect‐rich LP‐MoS2 outperforms AP‐MoS2 as channel layers of field‐effect transistors (FETs), as well as electrocatalytic material for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). This work presents a single‐step CVD approach for in situ defect engineering in monolayer MoS2 and presents a pathway to control defects in other monolayer 2D materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the transportation of grain particles, elbow wear is a pressing concern. A novel approach to mitigate this involves introducing a lateral air supplement rotation mechanism that enables swirling transportation. We assessed the integration of this device at angles of 45°, 55°, and 65° to the central axis of the main pipeline. While the multiphase flow velocity within the main conduit was held constant at 20 m/s, the lateral device's airflow velocities were tested at 20, 30, and 40 m/s. Utilizing the CFD–DEM simulation for grain particle transportation around bends, our findings indicated that an optimal arrangement was with the lateral device at 55° relative to the main pipeline, with an airflow speed of 30 m/s. This setup fostered a forward particle spiral, drastically diminishing wear on the pipe wall. Experimental evaluations corroborated the simulation's outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Long noncoding RNA urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) has been implicated in several tumors. UCA1 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer (GC) cells, but the molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. This study revealed the oncogenic effects of UCA1 on cell growth and invasion. Furthermore, UCA1 expression was significantly correlated with the overall survival of GC patients, and the clinicopathological indicators, including tumor size, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage. Additionally, miR-1-3p was identified as a downstream target of UCA1, which was negatively regulated by UCA1. MiR-1-3p inhibited cell proliferation and vasculogenic mimicry (VM), and induced cell apoptosis by upregulating BAX, BAD, and tumor suppressor TP53 expression levels. Moreover, miR-1-3p almost completely reversed the oncogenic effect caused by UCA1, including cell growth, migration, and VM formation. This study also confirmed that UCA1 promoted tumor growth in vivo. In this study, we also revealed the correlation between UCA1 and VM formation, which is potentially crucial for tumor metastasis. Meanwhile, its downstream target miR-1-3p inhibited VM formation in GC cells. In summary, these findings indicate that the UCA1/miR-1-3p axis is a potential target for GC treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existence of radial symmetric solutions of a nonlinear fourth order elliptic boundary value problem is discussed. Under the nonlinearity satisfies some inequality conditions, the existence and uniqueness results of radial symmetric solutions are obtained by applying the Leray-Schauder fixed point theorem and the technique of prior estimates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the existence of positive radial symmetric solutions of the nonlinear biharmonic equation ▵ 2 u = f (u , ▵ u) on an annular domain Ω in R N with the Navier boundary conditions u | ∂ Ω = 0 and ▵ u | ∂ Ω = 0 , where f : R + × R − → R + is a continuous function. We present some some inequality conditions of f to obtain the existence results of positive radial symmetric solutions. These inequality conditions allow f (ξ , η) to have superlinear or sublinear growth on ξ , η as | (ξ , η) | → 0 and ∞. Our discussion is mainly based on the fixed-point index theory in cones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The serotonin 2C receptor (5-HT2CR)-melanocortin pathway plays well-established roles in the regulation of feeding behavior and body weight homeostasis. Dysfunctions in this system, such as loss-of-function mutations in the Htr2c gene, can lead to hyperphagia and obesity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic strategies for ameliorating hyperphagia, hyperglycemia, and obesity associated with a loss-of-function mutation in the Htr2c gene (Htr2c F327L/Y). We demonstrated that reexpressing functional 5-HT2CR solely in hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons is sufficient to reduce food intake and body weight in Htr2c F327L/Y mice subjected to a high-fat diet (HFD). In addition, 5-HT2CR expression restores the responsiveness of POMC neurons to lorcaserin, a selective agonist for 5-HT2CR. Similarly, administration of melanotan II, an agonist of the melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R), effectively suppresses feeding and weight gain in Htr2c F327L/Y mice. Strikingly, promoting wheel-running activity in Htr2c F327L/Y mice results in a decrease in HFD consumption and improved glucose homeostasis. Together, our findings underscore the crucial role of the melanocortin system in alleviating hyperphagia and obesity related to dysfunctions of the 5-HT2CR, and further suggest that MC4R agonists and lifestyle interventions might hold promise in counteracting hyperphagia, hyperglycemia, and obesity in individuals carrying rare variants of the Htr2c gene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The economic friction and political conflicts between some countries and regions have made multinational corporations increasingly focus on the reliability and credibility of manufacturing supply chains. In view of the impact of poor manufacturing entity reliability and service reputation on the new-era manufacturing industry, the time-varying reliability and time-varying credibility of cloud manufacturing (CMfg) services were studied from the perspective of combining nature and society. Taking time-varying reliability, time-varying credibility, composition complexity, composition synergy, execution time, and execution cost as objective functions, a new six-dimension comprehensive evaluation model of service quality was constructed. To solve the optimization problem, this study proposes an improved chaos sparrow search algorithm (ICSSA), where the Bernoulli chaotic mapping formula was introduced to improve the basic sparrow search algorithm (BSSA), and the position calculation formulas of the explorer sparrow and the scouter sparrow were enhanced. The Bernoulli chaotic operator changed the symmetry of the BSSA, increased the uncertainty and randomness of the explorer sparrow position in the new algorithm, and affected the position update and movement strategies of the follower and scouter sparrows. The asymmetric chaotic characteristic brought better global search ability and optimization performance to the ICSSA. The comprehensive performance of the service composition (SvcComp) scheme was evaluated by calculating weighted relative deviation based on six evaluation elements. The WFG and DTLZ series test functions were selected, and the inverse generation distance (IGD) index and hyper volume (HV) index were used to compare and evaluate the convergence and diversity of the ICSSA, BSSA, PSO, SGA, and NSGA-III algorithms through simulation analysis experiments. The test results indicated that the ICSSA outperforms the BSSA, PSO, SGA, and NSGA-III in the vast majority of testing issues. Finally, taking disinfection robot manufacturing tasks as an example, the effectiveness of the proposed CMfg SvcComp optimization model and the ICSSA were verified. The case study results showed that the proposed ICSSA had faster convergence speed and better comprehensive performance for the CMfg SvcComp optimization problem compared with the BSSA, PSO, SGA, and NSGA-III. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]